Human life originated in Africa

Egypt traded with later conquered Nubia (Ancient Egypt)

Kush (in Nubia) later conquered Egypt- cultural diffusion and trade

Kush1070BCE-350 CE Axum 100-940CE Nubia in Egypt=Nile River Kush Kingdom- capital in Kerma,

one of earliest urbanized centers 1750BCE Kush kings organized to

build walls and mud bricks

Ancient Egypt 3000BCE-300BCE traded with later conquered Nubia

Kush 1070BCE-350CE Nice civilization In Nubia kingdom cultural

diffusion between Kush and neighbors after defeat Egypt

Axum 100-940CE Nice civilization Trade extended onto Red Sea and

Indian Ocean In Nubia Kingdom

S: Kingdom extended to Awdaghost Conquered by Muslim al Moravids

P: Monarch with imperial power, King meted out justice

I: King controlled trade, and salt and copper from the North

C: religion=paganism, Muslim, mosques, not forced to convert to Islam

E: Muslims held high economic positions, large army of bowmen and Calvary made Ghana dominant

Collapse because Muslim Berbers invade

S: Mali in West Africa, Delhi Sultanate in North India

P: Mansa Musa= rich and noble, government is safe nothing to fear, sultan Raziya

I: Tuareg retook capital of Timbuktu, Muslim conquer North India, depend on Trans Saharan Trade

C: foreigners welcome, rulers were Muslim, foster spread of Islam

E: Control gold copper trades= prosperity, Mansa Musa=empires wealth

After Mali in West Africa Islamic Rely on trans-Saharan trade

(gold)

Late iron Age Capital Kingdom of Zimbabwe City in ruins Was center of trade Trade decline- civilization fell

apart 1100-1400

Middle Passage (Africa-Americas) Brutal many died from

disease/starvation

Olaudah Equiano (on ships to barbados)

Atlantic system: slave trade and plantations imp.

Plantocracies: rich men who owned slaves/land

Coastal trading areas: Sierra Leone, Gold Coast, slave coast

Turned into colony (direct control0

Causes: raw materials, Berlin conference (Bismarck)

Political power: European competition for lane after slavery, form of domination

Rhodes represents British Imperialism

Puppet master Zambia , Zimbabwe named after

him

Charged for being Maumau leader

In prison, then internal exile (8yr) Released 1961 Negotiate with British to make

constitution for independent Kenya

1964 Kenyatta 1st president Effective autocratic ruler Kenya benefited from stability

and prosperity