이기종무선망간 Handover 기술 -...

이기종 무선망간이기종 무선망간Handover 기술Handover 기술

2007. 2. 5.

(v0.8)

SK telecom, Access 기술연구원

김 현욱

SK telecom, Access 기술연구원

김 현욱

이기종 무선망간 HO 기술1

김 현욱김 현욱

I 이기종 무선망 HO 개요I 이기종 무선망 HO 개요I. 이기종 무선망 HO 개요I. 이기종 무선망 HO 개요


이기종 무선망간 HO 기술 종류

•• 이기종이기종 무선망간무선망간 HO HO 기술은기술은 3GPP, 3GPP2, IEEE3GPP, 3GPP2, IEEE에서에서 II--WLAN, GAN, VCC, MIH WLAN, GAN, VCC, MIH 등등

44가지가지 방식이방식이 있음

Solution 표준화 목적 현황 주요업체

3GPP(3GPP2)와 WLAN간의 과금 통합 등 초기단계는 정의I-WLAN(Interworking WLAN)

3GPP

3GPP(3GPP2)와 WLAN간의

Interworking을 위한 방안으로 고

안되었음

과금 통합 등 초기단계는 정의

되었음

Seamless Handover 등은

GAN 또는IMS 방식과 통합되고 있음

GAN 3GPP

GSM과 WLAN간의 Handover를지원하기 위한 UMA solution을

3GPP 규격에 통합한 규격임

3GPP R6에서 규격완료됨

GSM/GPRS용 제품은 출시되고

있으며, WCDMA 제품은 출시

예상됨

Kineto wirelessAlcatelNokia

VCC (with IMS) 3GPP

CS domain과 PS domain의 이

동성을 보장하기 위한 IMS 기반

솔루션

3GPP R7에서 규격정의중(’08년

이후에나 상용화 가능 예상)초기 VCC규격으로 상용화 제품을

출시하려는 움직임 활발함

Nortel, UTStarcomBridgeportCicero, FirstHandLongBoard 등

IEEE 802.21(MIH)

IEEE

IP 기반의 다양한 무선기술 간의

Seamless Handover를 지원하기

위한 기술로, 하위 계층의 정보를

이용하여 효율성 및 확장성을 강화

IMS 또는 GAN을 보완하는 기술

(HO 성능개선)현재 Draft 규격 상태이며, ’07년

중반규격 완료 예상

InterDigitalIntelMotorolaSamsung, ETRI 등


한 기술임

3GPP, I-WLAN Network Architecture

•• 3GPP3GPP에서에서 II--WLANWLAN은은 handoverhandover보다는보다는 인증인증, , 과금과금 등등 customer managementcustomer management와와

관련된관련된 사항으로 표준화 진행중

Intranet / Internet

3GPP Visited Network

Ww

WLAN Access Network

WLAN

3GPP AAAProxy

OfflineChargingSystem

Wn

WaWf

Wg

UE WAGWn

Wd

cces

sw SLF

HSS

HLR

D' / Gr'Wf

Wo

Wp

Wm

WxA

N 3

GP

P IP

Ac

Dw

3GPP AAAServer

SLF

Packet DataGateway

HLR

OfflineChargingSystem

OCS

Wf

Wi

WLA

Wu Wy

Wz


3GPP Home NetworkSystemW

3GPP2, I-WLAN Network Architecture

•• 3GPP23GPP2에서에서 II--WLANWLAN에에 대하여대하여 high level specificationhigh level specification만만 정의된정의된 상태이고상태이고, ,

특이점은특이점은 일종의일종의 중계시스템중계시스템(broker system)(broker system)을을 사용함사용함

One or more cdma2000 Home Networks that may beadministered by the same or different entity

cdma2000-WLAN

cdma2000 System

interworkingcdma2000-

BrokerInterworking

One or more WLANs networksBroker-WLANinterworkingcdma2000 Broker

SystemWLANSystem

One or more Broker networks that serve one or morecdma2000 Systems and one or more WLAN systems. A BrokerSystem enables Inter-System roaming, where the cdma2000/

A S d i i d b diff i i

Mobile Station (MS)


WLAN Systems are administered by different entities.

Generic Access Network

•• Cellular Cellular 망과망과 UMAN UMAN 간간 SeamlessSeamless한한 서비스서비스 제공제공 받을받을 수수 있도록있도록 함함

•• 음성음성+ + 데이터데이터 세션세션 모두에서모두에서 셀룰라와셀룰라와 고정고정 IPIP망망 사이의사이의 핸드오버가핸드오버가 가능가능

•• 3GPP3GPP에에 채택채택(’05.4, TS43.318), “Generic Access to A/Gb Interfaces”(’05.4, TS43.318), “Generic Access to A/Gb Interfaces”

•• BT “Fusion” (’05.9 ~) BT “Fusion” (’05.9 ~) 서비스서비스 제공제공, , 약약 1010만만 가입자가입자 확보확보(’07.2(’07.2월월 기준기준) )

•• 그그 외외 Telia Sonera (Home Free) Telecom Italia (Unica)Telia Sonera (Home Free) Telecom Italia (Unica) 등등 서비스서비스 제공제공

C ll l A N t k

•• 그그 외외 Telia Sonera (Home Free), Telecom Italia (Unica) Telia Sonera (Home Free), Telecom Italia (Unica) 등등 서비스서비스 제공제공

UMA

Cellular Access Network

Private

NetworkBSC

UMA enabled dual mode handset

Mobile

Core

Network

handsetIP Access

Network

GANC

(UNC)


Generic Access Network

UMA(Unlicensed Mobile Access)

• Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA) was originally developed by the UMA Forum founded by Kineto and leading cellular companies

•http://www.umatechnology.org/

• The purpose of UMA is to allow seamless mobility between unlicensed technologies (WLAN Bluetooth etc ) and licensed cellular technologiestechnologies (WLAN, Bluetooth, etc.) and licensed cellular technologies

• UMA was adopted by 3GPP R6 in April 2005 UMA was adopted by 3GPP R6 in April 005

- In 3GPP, UMA renamed Generic Access Network (GAN)

- Initially, GAN only supported WLAN to GSM/GPRS handovers

- Lately, CR’s have been written to also support WCDMA handovers


GSM/GPRS

System Architecture for GAN

GSM/GPRS

CDMACDMA


System Arch. For Voice Call Continuity

VMSC P-CSCF

VCC UE

PLMN/PSTN

IP Multimedia NetworksCAP

A/Iu Gm

D i

gsmSCF

Unspecified interfaceISUP

V3

VCC Application

DomainCS

CAMEL Service

DomainSelection Function

ShGMSC

Domain Transfer Function

CS Adaptation Function

HSSShISUP

MaMa ISC ISC ISC

MGCF S-CSCFMw

I-CSCF CxMg Mw

PLMN/PSTN

PLMN/PSTN


•• 3GPP3GPP에서에서 정의하는정의하는 VCCVCC는는 CSCS의의 MAPMAP과과 PSPS의의 IMS IMS 기반기반 호처리호처리 수행수행

CS call origination from the VCC user

S-CSCF

VCC Application

DTF CSAF

1. Setup (B-Party DN)

I-CSCF MGCFVMSCUE-CS UE-IMS gsmSCF

2 IDP ( )

CAMEL Svc

2. IDP ( )

3.Rerouting to IMS Determination

4. Connect ( IMRN )

5. IAM ( IMRN )

6. INVITE ( IMRN )

7a1. INVITE ( IMRN )

7a2. INVITE ( IMRN )

7b. INVITE ( IMRN )

9.Session Anchoring

8.CS-Origingation processing

11. Service Control Logic

10. INVITE ( B-Party DN )


Signal Path Between VCC UE and IMS UE


II IEEE802 21(MIH) 기술II IEEE802 21(MIH) 기술II. IEEE802.21(MIH) 기술II. IEEE802.21(MIH) 기술


MIH Positions

802.11r802 16

VCC I-WLAN

IEEE802.16e

3GPP/2

CCSAE-LTE

IEEE

Horizontal HandoversInter-working &

802.21

Handover Signaling

MIP SIP

IP Mobility & Handover Signaling

IETF

FMIPHIP

NETLMM

DNA MIPSHOP

P id 802 h H d S d d

IETF


Provides 802 component to other Handover Standards

Standard Services (Entities or APIs)


MIH Network and Terminal Architecture

E/C

/I

IS/C

S/ES

ents

vent

s

LCvent

s

Even

ts

Eve E LEv E


MIH Convergence Function

802.21 Users

Other MobilityMobile IP …Mobility

Policy

Other MobilityProtocols

802.21Information

802.21Commands

802.21 Events

802.21 Convergence Function (MIHF)Information flow is bi-directional

802.11802.x

Link

Events flow from lower layers to upper layers

Cellular

Link

80

LinkLink

Commands flow from upper to lower layers


Linklower layers

MIH Scope

Handover Initiation

Handover Preparation

Handover ExecutionInitiation Preparation Execution

Scope of 802.21

Search New Search New Setup New LinkSetup New Link Transfer Transfer C iC i

p

LinkLink

N t k Di L 2 C ti it

ConnectionConnection

Handover SignalingNetwork DiscoveryNetwork Selection

Handover Negotiation

Layer 2 ConnectivityIP Connectivity

Handover SignalingContext TransferPacket Reception

IEEE 802.21 helps with Handover Initiation,


Network Selection and Interface Activation

Key Functionality for MIH

Applications (VoIP/RTP)Connection

ManagementHandover

Policy Link Layer TriggersState Change

PredictiveNetwork Initiated

Management

Mobility Management Protocols

Handover ManagementPolicy

ETF

Network Initiated

Network InformationAvailable NetworksNeighbor Maps

802.21 MIH Function

Mobility Management Protocols

Smart T i

Information Handover M 1

IE

Neighbor MapsNetwork Services

Handover CommandsClient Initiated

Network InitiatedL2 Triggers and Events

Information Service

Triggers ServiceMessages

Handover Messages IE

EE 8

02.2

Network InitiatedVertical Handovers

P t l d D i H d

WLAN Cellular WMAN

and Events Serviceg

802 21 uses multiple services to Optimize

Protocol and Device Hardware


802.21 uses multiple services to Optimize Vertical Handovers

MxN – Mixed-Network Client Use Case

3G WWAN3G WWANZone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3Operating on

3G WWAN

Plug into power jack Wakeup Wi-FiContinue over Wi-Fi

Wakeup Wi-Fi

AirportAirportZone 4 Zone 5 Zone 6R di St tR di St tR di St tR di St tR di St tR di St tR di St tR di St tWi Fi Li k G i D

HomeHome

Radio State3G WWAN

Wi-Fi

Radio State3G WWAN

Wi-Fi

Radio State3G WWAN

Wi-Fi

Radio State3G WWAN

Wi-Fi

Radio StateRadio State3G WWAN

Wi-Fi

Radio State3G WWAN

Wi-Fi

Radio State3G WWAN

Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi Link Going Down. Connect to Wi-Fi

Continue Continue session on 3G WWAN

WiMAX

GPS

WiMAX

GPS

WiMAX

GPS

WiMAX

GPS

WiMAX

GPS

WiMAX

GPS

WiMAX

GPSOperator initiated switch to WiMAXContinue session on WiMAX

Battery level lowShutdown WiMAXSwitch to 3G WWAN

session on Wi-Fi

Zone 7 Zone 9WiMAXWiMAX Zone 8 WiMAXWiMAX

IEEE 802 21 f N t k DiIEEE 802 21 f N t k DiIEEE 802.21, SIP, VCC, IMS, for Network Selection and ServiceIEEE 802.21, SIP, VCC, IMS, for Network Selection and Service802 21 SIP IMS f S i C ti it (Wi802 21 SIP IMS f S i C ti it (Wi FiFi WiMAX)WiMAX)VCC SIP IMS f C ll C ti it (3G WWANVCC SIP IMS f C ll C ti it (3G WWAN WiWi Fi)Fi)

Shutdown Wi-Fi


IEEE 802.21 for Network DiscoveryIEEE 802.21 for Network DiscoveryIEEE 802.21, SIP, VCC, IMS, for Network Selection and Service IEEE 802.21, SIP, VCC, IMS, for Network Selection and Service Continuity across multiple radios (3G WWAN Continuity across multiple radios (3G WWAN WiWi--Fi Fi WiMAX)WiMAX)802.21, SIP, IMS for Service Continuity (Wi802.21, SIP, IMS for Service Continuity (Wi--Fi Fi WiMAX)WiMAX)VCC, SIP, IMS for Call Continuity (3G WWAN VCC, SIP, IMS for Call Continuity (3G WWAN WiWi--Fi)Fi)

Ex #1 : Network Detection


M lti M d T i l (MMT) WLAN AN WiB ANHome MIH

Ex #2 : HO Initiation and Preparation

Multi-Mode Terminal (MMT)

AP Old AR NewACR

WLANMAC

WiBro MAC

WLAN AN WiBro AN

MIH userL3 (MIP)(DM)

MIH(AM) RAS

MIHF(WLAN POA)

MIHF(WiBro POA)

POS

MIISServer

MIH_Handover_Initiate.request

MIH_Handover_Initiate.response

MIH_Handover_Initiate REQUEST FRAME

MIH_Handover_Initiate RESPONSE FRAME

MIH_Handover_Prepare REQUEST FRAME

MIH_Handover_Prepare RESPONSE FRAME

MIH_Switch.requestC-NEM-REQ (ranging) RNG_REQ

Decision to handover from

WLAN to WMAN

C-NEM-RSP (ranging)RNG_RSP

SBC_REQ

SBC_RSPver I

nitia

tion

repa

ratio

n

REG_REQ

REG RSP

M-NEM-REQ (register)

Han

dov

and

P

Authentication & Key Exchange

MIH_Link_UP.indicationREG_RSP

Link_Up.indication

DHCP

DSA_REQ


DSA_RSP

MIH_Switch.response

Link_Handover_Complete.indication

Ex #3 : Handover Execution

r nH

ando

veE

xecu

tion


III MIH + SIP ApproachIII MIH + SIP ApproachIII. MIH + SIP ApproachIII. MIH + SIP Approach


Protocol Layering for MIH

Typical Examples of Mobility Protocols

SIPUser or session

mobility between

Application 7

Presentation 6mobility between different terminals

Presentation

Session

6

5

Mobile IPTerminal mobility

across IP

Transport

Network

4

3

802 21

networks Data Link

Physical

2

1

802.21Cross layer support for terminal

mobility when moving across different technologies


different technologies

MIH Client and Server

P-CSCF

WCDMA

FA

PBNA

IMS

RNC SGSNNode-B GGSN

Dual-ModeTerminal

MIH ServerBcNFA

ACR

WiBro MIP HA

InternetRAS Edge Router

DHCP/DNS

AAADNS


MIH Message Transmission

IP Packet

MIH MessageUDP Datagram

g

(MIHF Frame Format-IEEE 802.21)

a newly defined port numbera newly defined port number

•• Lower layer(L1, L2) : MIHLower layer(L1, L2) : MIH

•• IP layer : Mobile IPIP layer : Mobile IP

관련관련 server discoveryserver discovery과과 managing : SIPmanaging : SIP


•• 관련관련 server discoveryserver discovery과과 managing : SIPmanaging : SIP

Authentication Examples

• Two authenticators belong to the same AAA domains

H AAA d i

– The handover can be intra-technology or inter-technology

AAA serverHome AAA domain

• MN would need to run EAP all the way to the home AAA server

AAA domain 2 AAA server

– Alternatively visited domain’s AAA server may perform authenticati

Authenticator1 Authenticator2

WiFi, WiMAX and/or

WiFi, WiMAX and/ory p

on if it has MN’s credentials transferred from the home AAA server

and/or Cellular

and/or Cellular

AP/BS

AP/BS

AP/BS

AP/BS

– EAP may performed either proactively or reactively

MN


bil d i k h k did k did k h k

Handover Failure Case

MAC-S MAC-CMIHFMIHUser

UPEntity

Mobile Node Serving Network

MIHUser

MIHUserPoS-SPoA-S

Other Network Candidate Network 1 Candidate Network n

PoA-C1 PoS-C1 MIHUserPoA-Cn PoS-Cn

Other Network

MIISServer

UPEntity

Traffic flow between MN and Serving NetworkTraffic flow between MN and Serving Network

Handover decision made and candidate network discoveredMIH_Net_HO_Candidate_Query.request

MIH_Net_HO_Candidate_Query Request

MIH_Net_HO_Candidate_Query.indication

MIH_N2N_HO_Query_Resources.request

MIH_N2N_HO_Query_Resources RequestMIH_N2N_HO_Query_Resources Response

MIH_N2N_HO_Query_Resources.confirm

MIH Net HO Candidate Query.response_ _ _ _ y p

MIH_Net_HO_Candidate_Query Response(HandoverAck=1: Initiate Handover)

MIH_Net_HO_Candidate_Query.confirm

MIH_MN_HO_Candidate_Commit.request

MIH MN HO C did t C it R tMIH_MN_HO_Candidate_Commit Request

MIH_MN_HO_Candidate_commit.indication

MIH_MN_HO_Candidate_Commit.confirm

MIH MN HO Candidate Commit Response

MIH_MN_HO_Candidate_Commit RequestMIH_MN_HO_Candidate_Commit Response

MIH_MN_HO_Candidate_Commit Response(HandoverStatus=0: Abort Handover)

MIH_MN_HO_Candidate_Commit.confirm

Handover failed and intitiate another handover


QoS Mapping Between Different Radios

QoS Class Applications

Data DeliveryServices

QoSParameters

Scheduling Services

Packet Scheduling Discipline/Algorithm

- T1/E1- VoIP without silence suppression

UGS - Tolerated jitter- SDU size- Min. reserved traffic rate- Max. latency- Request/Transmission policy

UGS Round-robin(Periodic/fixed assignment)

Hard QoS

- Unsolicited grant interval

- VoIP with silence

RT-VR - Maximum latency- Min. reserved traffic rate

ertPS Round-robin(Periodic/dynamic assignment)

suppression - Max. sustained traffic rate- Traffic priority- Request/Transmission policy- Unsolicited polling Interval

( y g )

- Streaming Video- Video Phone

RT-VR rtPS Round-robin (Dynamic assignment with delay constraint)delay constraint)

Soft QoS

- FTP (Download) NRT-VR - Min. reserved traffic rate- Max. sustained traffic rate- Traffic priority- Request/Transmission policy

nrtPS

Max C/IPF SchedulingQoS

- HTTP- Instant Messenger

BE - Max. sustained traffic rate- Traffic priority- Request/Transmission policy

BE


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