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Describe Telehealth Describe and evaluate the hardware and software used in Telehealth Assess the usability of Telehealth

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Tele = distant, from a distance Telehealth = health care that is given over a distance (McGonigle and Mastrian, 2009)

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Store and forward Real-time Remote monitoring Teletriage (Brown, 2005) (Vasquez, 2008)

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(McGonigle and Mastrian, 2009)

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ClientNurseProvider

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Stethoscope Sphygmomanometer Scale Glucometer Camera Floor Lamp Thermometers (Lillibridge and Hanna, 2009)

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Trending Triage Communication Data Access and Information Sharing (McGonigle and Mastrian, 2009)

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Videoconferencing Telecomm Codec AV In AV Out (Elford, n.d.)

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1) User Centered Design 2) Iterative Design Process 3) Formal Evaluation Process (Staggers, 2003)

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Clinical Information System Used by patients and all healthcare providers Eight essential functions Thin-Client Configuration/LAN Health level 7, ANSI, TCP/IP (Epic Systems Corporation, 2009) (McGonigle and Mastrian, 2009) (Smith, 2001)

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Clinical Real Environment Data Timeliness Reduced hospitalization Increased patient involvement Economic Reduced Cost Increase in patients independence & quality of life (McGonigle and Mastrian, 2009)

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Buy-in from nurses Reimbursement Potential fraud and abuse Privacy

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Licensure Accountability Privacy

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Technical Skills Application of the Knowledge Model

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Telehealth is a rapidly developing model of health service delivery in which nurses can expect to play a key role. Many telecommunications-ready tools to assist nurses in delivering this care are already available and their effectiveness in maintaining and improving patients health outcomes is well documented. (McGonigle and Mastrian, 2009, pg. 307)

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Brown, Nancy (2005). Telemedicine Coming of Age:. Retrieved June 1, 2009, from AnestaWeb Web site: http://www.telemedicineprograms.com/ http://www.telemedicineprograms.com/ Epic Systems Corporation (2009). Epic: You Can Have it All or Choose What Fits. Retrieved July 19, 2009 from http://www.epicsystems.com/software- index.phphttp://www.epicsystems.com/software- index.php Elford, R. (n.d.). Telehealth in the Developing World. Retrieved June 26, 2009 from Digital Telehealth Incorporated website: http://www.telehealth.ca/downloads/TelehealthD evelopingWorld.doc http://www.telehealth.ca/downloads/TelehealthD evelopingWorld.doc

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Lillibridge, J., & Hanna, B. (2009). Using telehealth to deliver nursing case management services to HIV/AIDS clients. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 14(1), 9-9. Retrieved June 26, 2009, from CINAHL database. McGonigle, D, & Mastrian, K (2009). Nursing Informatics and the Foundation of Knowledge. Sudbury: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Staggers, N. (2003, August). Imperative Concepts for Information Systems in Critical Care. Human Factors, 14(3), 310-319.

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Smith, R. (2001, December). Building an Enterprise-wide EMR. Imaging Economics. Retrieved July 19, 2009, from http://www.imagingeconomics.com/issues/ articles/2001-12_12.asp Swann, J. (2007, November). Telecare: looking to the future. International Journal of Therapy & Rehabilitation, 14(11), 512-517. Retrieved June 26, 2009, from CINAHL database.

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Vasquez, Monica (2008 May). Down to the Fundamentals of Telehealth and Home Healthcare Nursing. Home Healthcare Nurse, 26:5, Retrieved June 1, 2009, from http://www.nursingcenter.com/prodev/ce_article. asp?tid=792353 http://www.nursingcenter.com/prodev/ce_article. asp?tid=792353