˘ ˇ ˆ˙ - core.ac.uk file- vii - national sharia board and it roles in sharia supervision on...
Transcript of ˘ ˇ ˆ˙ - core.ac.uk file- vii - national sharia board and it roles in sharia supervision on...
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NATIONAL SHARIA BOARD AND IT ROLES IN SHARIA
SUPERVISION ON ISLAMIC BANKING IN INDONESIA AND IT
METHODOLOGY OF FATWA
Hatta Syamsuddin
ABSTRACT
The emergence of Islamic banking was considered as a response to the desire of
Muslim communities to disassociate from usury (riba based) system, which has
rotten in Muslim countries since the period of imperialism. Islamic banking
became a very important matter and considered as the modern day requirements
of economic and social necessity for Muslim communities because of its sublime
goal.
The development of time increasing the diversity of financial transactions, both in
trading and banking business, which has no provisions in the old sources of
Islamic jurisprudence. This dangerous phenomenon was the reason for the
importance of a Sharia Supervisory Board to ensure all of banking transactions
comply with the rules and principles of sharia.
This research focused on sharia supervision on Islamic banking in Indonesia,
especially about National Sharia Board. This research applied qualitative
analytical descriptive methodology by collecting, reading, and analyzing
references about the research topic. The limitations of this research were about:
how the sharia supervision system implemented on Islamic banking in Indonesia,
how the National Sharia Board played their roles and faces the challenges in
performing their activities, and how the method applied by the National Sharia
Board in issuing a fatwa.
After conducting research and analysis on several references and experiences in
the field, the research found that: the National Sharia Board in Indonesia has
played their roles, especially in developing Islamic finance industry, ensuring
financial and banking transaction comply with the rules and principles of sharia,
and providing awareness and guidance to the Muslim communities. There were
challenges, internally and externally, facing by the National Sharia Board in
Indonesia. Internal problems around on human resources quality, while external
problems were about legislation support and various public opinion in society.
The issuing of fatwa on financial transactions was the authority of the National
Sharia Board. The National Sharia Board hold on procedures, specific steps, and
certain agreed methodology in issuing fatwa. Nevertheless, there still some fatwas
that caused controversy in the Islamic community.
Keywords: Islamic Banking, Fatwa, Sharia Supervision, Methodology of
Fatwa.
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DEWAN SYARIAH NASIONAL DAN PERANANNYA DALAM
PENGAWASAN SYARIAH PADA BANK SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
SERTA METODOLOGINYA DALAM FATWA
ABSTRAKSI
Kehadiran bank syariah dianggap sebagai sambutan atas keinginan masyarakat
muslim untuk berlepas diri dari sistem ribawi, yang telah mengakar di negara-
negara muslim sejak masa imperialisme. Di jaman modern ini, kehadiran bank
syariah adalah sebuah hal yang sangat mendesak bagi masyarakat muslim, baik
dari sisi ekonomi maupun sosial, karena tujuannya yang sangat mulia.
Perkembangan zaman menjadikan bertambahnya bentuk transaksi keuangan baik
dalam bisnis perdagangan maupun perbankan, yang sebelumnya mungkin tidak
pernah dikenal dalam referensi fiqh islam klasik. Fenomena berbahaya ini
menjadi alasan pentingnya sebuah lembaga pengawasan syariah, yang bertugas
untuk menjaga seluruh transaksi perbankan agar tetap selaras dengan hukum
syariah.
Penelitian ini kami fokuskan seputar pengawasan syariah pada perbankan syariah
di Indonesia khususnya yang dilakukan Dewan Syariah Nasional MUI. Kami
menggunakan metode deskritif analitif kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan,
membaca dan menganalisa referensi seputar tema ini. Kami batasi permasalahan
dalam penelitian ini seputar : Bagaimana peranan DSN dalam pengawasan syariah
serta bagaimana menghadapi tantangan yang dihadapi ? Bagaimana juga metode
yang ditempuh DSN didalam mengeluarkan sebuat fatwa ?
Setelah melakukan penelitian dan analisis terhadap beberapa referensi, didapat
hasil : Bahwa DSN telah memainkan peranan, khususnya dalam pengembangan
industri keuangan syariah, dalam penjagaan transaksi agar tetap selaras syariah,
dan juga dalam penyadaran dan bimbingan pada masyarakat. DSN juga
menghadapi kendala internal berupa permasalahan kualitas SDM, dan juga
kendala eksternal berupa ketentuan perundangan yang belum kooperatif
sepenuhnya, serta pandangan masyarakat yang masih beragam.
Untuk penerbitan fatwa dalam masalah transaksi keuangan, yang memiliki
wewenang sepenuhnya adalah Dewan Syariah Nasional. Mereka memiliki
prosedur dan langkah dalam mengeluarkan suatu fatwa, dengan metodologi
tertentu yang disepakati. Namun meskipun demikian, masih saja ada beberapa
fatwa yang mengundang perdebatan di tengah masyarakat.
Kata Kunci : Bank Syariah, Pengawasan Syariah, Metodologi Fatwa,
Syariah, Fatwa
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