利用超臨界流體搭配 CMC...

CMC1 210158*12

(1/2)

*

(2/2)

*

Cr6+ (pH)Cr6+

Cr6+

CMC(1 %5 %15 %30 %)*

Cr(II)Cr(III)Cr(IV)Cr(V)Cr(VI)

(Langard, 1980)

*

(Cansell et al., 2003)*

*4 (Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solution Process, RESS)(Particles from Gas Saturated Solution Process, PGSS)(Supercritical Anti Solvent Process, SAS)(Marr & Gamse, 2000)

- GAS(Supercritical Anti-Solvent, SAS)

(Marr & Gamse, 2000)*

-(SAS)red 177 46 nmgreen 36 40 nm (2006)

-(SAS)66, 317 bar81 nm(2002)*

CMCPAASodium alginate PSS 6.356 20.8 nm (2010)

410-6 M CMC1.2610-3 % PAA 16.1 nm (2010) *

(2004)

(Shoke and Moller, 1999)

*

3 g/LNano-Fe0/Ni0150 mg/L Azo 10 (Bokare, 2007)

Nano-Fe0/Ni0 PCPNano-Fe0 micro-FeNano-Fe030% (2005)

*

CMC(Sodium cellulose glycolate)Na CMCCMC(Cellulose Gum)INS No. 466C.A.S number 9004-32-4

99.5 %()

()*

1.6M NaBH4 (98%, Aldrich)1.0M FeCl36H2O (98%, Aldrich)() (Zhang, 1997)

2Fe(H2O)63++6BH4-+6H2O 2Fe0 + 6B(OH)3 + 21H2

2Fe(Ni) (H2O)63++6BH4-+6H2O 2Fe0(Ni0)(s)+6B(OH)3 + 21H2 (g)*

FeCl36(H2O)NaBH4

(40,100 bar)(50,100 bar)(50,150 bar)(60,150 bar)

*

*FeCl36H2O 1 M20 ml

NaBH4 2 M20 ml200 rpm

*CO2FeCl36H2O 1 MNaBH4 2 M

Cr(VI)

Cr2O72-+2Fe0+14H+2Cr3++2Fe3++7H2O

Fe0+2H+Fe2++H2

6Fe2++Cr2O72-+14H+2Cr3++6Fe3++7H2O*

Cr6+-Cr6+(NIEA W320.52A) (BET)

*

(1/2)*

BET(m2/g)Wang and Zhang, 1997 33.5 18.1 CMC 39.9 CMC 44.9

(2/2)*CMC

CMC m2/gCMC m2/g1 %CMCm2/g1 %CMCm2/g1%157.81%197.1540 C100 bar180.0440 C100 bar198.685%181.985%196.650 C100 bar169.450 C100 bar191.6815%174.9515%188.1850 C150 bar212.3850 C150 bar182.330%203,3230%187.7660 C150 bar183.2660 C150 bar198.8

(1/8)NaClCr6+*Cr6+ (10 mg/L)100 mL0.8 g(NaCl:0.5M)

Chart1

8.728.27.57.18

0.819.97.37.03

2.89.37.56.97

11.523.97.57.32

8.422.97.57.44

12.521.77.57.53

17.533.77.77.38

NaCl

NaCl

pHNaCl

pHNaCl

Reaction Time (min)

Cr(VI) Removal Efficiency(%)

pH

Sheet1

100ppm100 mLpH3 g 30

0.02 g0.03 g0.04 g0.05 g

1046.257.772.994.4

3046.264.376.394.4

6047.862.777.694.8

12049.865.87895.2

24049.663.177.695.2

ph3.243.313.293.22

3.153.253.223.19

3.13.193.163.14

3.063.173.123.09

3.033.123.083.05

0.00460.00570.00720.00944

0.00460.00640.00760.00944

0.00470.00620.00770.00948

0.00490.00650.00780.00952

0.00490.00630.00770.00952

0.020.030.040.05

100.2470.1890.1790.187

300.2470.2120.1890.187

600.2520.2060.1910.187

1200.2630.2160.1940.189

2400.2630.2090.1910.189

mole

Reaction Time (min)

Sheet1

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)


pH

Sheet2

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)

pH

Sheet3

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)

Cr(VI) (g)

Sheet4

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)

mole

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

0.02g mole

0.03g mole

0.04g mole

0.05g mole

Reaction Time (min)


Cr(VI)mole/Fe mole

Sheet5

108.728.2

200.819.9

302.89.3

4011.523.9

608.422.9pHNaCl

9012.521.7

12017.533.7

Ph

7.57.18

7.37.03

7.56.97

7.57.32

7.57.44

7.57.53

7.77.38

Sheet5

&A

Page &P

NaCl

NaCl

pHNaCl

pHNaCl

Reactiom Time (min)


pH

Sheet6

0.00312533.12.17

0.0062534.22.4

0.012597.82.92

0.02595.13.12

0.0597.82.85

pH

PH

343.9

427.9

524.2

Sheet6

&A

Page &P

pH

HCl (M)


pH

pH


pH

(100 mg/L)pH:30.2 g:30

1015.50.00085.815.50.1550.00155

206.50.00064.226.50.0650.0013

5040.00113.8440.040.002

10020.00113.6320.020.002

0.2828

1020304050 mg/L50 mL0.2 gPh:3 SO42-

1069.90.00093.03

2032.90.00092.87

3029.90.00122.85

4021.10.00112.86

5016.70.00112.98

10040.00112.84

100.6991000.028280.008512280.01976772

200.3291000.056560.037951760.01860824

300.29999.90.08492492490.05953237240.0253925526

400.2111000.113120.089251680.02386832

500.1671000.14140.11778620.0236138

1000.041000.28280.2714880.011312

&A

Page &P

pH

(mL)


pH

&A

Page &P

pH

Cr(VI) Concentration (mg/L)

Cr(VI) Removal Efficiency

pH

Cr(VI) (mL)


&A

Page &P



(mL)

(g)


(g)

(100 mg/L)10 mLpH:30.2 g

303.45.16

12016.45.63

240567.76

00

0.20.162

0.40.323

0.60.472

0.80.618

10.765

&A

Page &P

pH

Time (min)


pH

y = 0.7631x + 0.0084R2 = 0.9995

0.05 g100ppm200 mLpH30.05 g

10

94.4ph30

94.460

94.814.05256129353.12120

95.215.68366215793.06240

95.219.82414896763.03

20.9533726432.98

3.2222.58447350742.97

3.19

3.14

3.09200ppm100 mLpH30.05 g

3.05

ph

15.07193115273.22

14.02344898563.15

14.54769006923.14

15.20299142362.93

18.74161873782.96

0.1870.060.064

0.1870.0640.06

0.1870.0830.06

0.1890.0850.064

0.1890.0960.077

&A

Page &P

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL

pH(100 mg/L100 mL)

pH(100 mg/L200 mL)

pH(200 mg/L100 mL)

Reaction Time (min)


pH

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL

Reaction Time (min)

pH

&A

Page &P

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL

Reaction Time (min)


&A

Page &P

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL

mole(100 mg/L100 mL)



Reaction Time (min)


Cr(VI)mole/Fe mole

100ppm200 mLpH30.1 g100ppm200 mLpH30.05 g

y=0.7631X+0.0084phph

00.854110.81116498490

100.58575.560214912931.8117313153.314.05256129353.12

300.6280.146769754927.67265846743.2515.68366215793.06

600.57674.380815096332.8760643333.2219.82414896763.03

1200.60478.0500589729.56480605493.220.9533726432.98

2400.62781.064080723426.84484389783.1622.58447350742.97


y=0.7631X+0.0084phph

00.79261.27752

100.54142.1237131.25748235243.215.07193115273.22

300.61247.5417222.41572439623.1314.02344898563.15

600.65150.5178117.55898411033.0914.54769006923.14

1200.59446.1681424.65729683583.0615.20299142362.93

2400.63549.2968519.55149294553.0118.74161873782.96

&A

Page &P

0.05 g

0.1 g

pH (0.05 g)

pH (0.1 g)

Time (min)


pH

&A

Page &P

0.05 g

0.1 g

pH (0.05 g)

pH (0.1 g)

Time (min)


pH

(2/8)*Cr6+(10 mg/L)50 mL30 min0.4 gHClH2SO4Cr6+

(3/8)Cr6+(10 mg/L)50 mL30 min0.4 g*HClCr6+

(4/8)Cr6+(100 mg/L)pH:30.2 g:30*Cr6+

(5/8)*Cr6+(100 mg/L)pH:30.2 g:30Cr6+

Chart1

0.00155

0.0013

0.002

0.002

(mL)

(g)

Sheet1


0.02 g0.03 g0.04 g0.05 g

1046.257.772.994.4

3046.264.376.394.4

6047.862.777.694.8

12049.865.87895.2

24049.663.177.695.2

ph3.243.313.293.22

3.153.253.223.19

3.13.193.163.14

3.063.173.123.09

3.033.123.083.05

0.00460.00570.00720.00944

0.00460.00640.00760.00944

0.00470.00620.00770.00948

0.00490.00650.00780.00952

0.00490.00630.00770.00952

0.020.030.040.05

100.2470.1890.1790.187

300.2470.2120.1890.187

600.2520.2060.1910.187

1200.2630.2160.1940.189

2400.2630.2090.1910.189

mole

Reaction Time (min)

Sheet1

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)


pH

Sheet2

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)

pH

Sheet3

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)

Cr(VI) (g)

Sheet4

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)

mole

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

0.02g mole

0.03g mole

0.04g mole

0.05g mole

Reaction Time (min)


Cr(VI)mole/Fe mole

Sheet5

108.728.2

200.819.9

302.89.3

4011.523.9

608.422.9pHNaCl

9012.521.7

12017.533.7

Ph

7.57.18

7.37.03

7.56.97

7.57.32

7.57.44

7.57.53

7.77.38

Sheet5

&A

Page &P

NaCl

NaCl

pHNaCl

pHNaCl

Reactiom Time (min)


pH

Sheet6

0.00312533.12.17

0.0062534.22.4

0.012597.82.92

0.02595.13.12

0.0597.82.85

pH

PH

343.9

427.9

524.2

Sheet6

&A

Page &P

pH

HCl (M)


pH

pH


pH

(100 mg/L)pH:30.2 g:30

1015.50.00085.815.50.1550.00155

206.50.00064.226.50.0650.0013

5040.00113.8440.040.002

10020.00113.6320.020.002

0.2828

1020304050 mg/L50 mL0.2 gPh:3 SO42-

1069.90.00093.03

2032.90.00092.87

3029.90.00122.85

4021.10.00112.86

5016.70.00112.98

10040.00112.84

100.6991000.028280.008512280.01976772

200.3291000.056560.037951760.01860824

300.29999.90.08492492490.05953237240.0253925526

400.2111000.113120.089251680.02386832

500.1671000.14140.11778620.0236138

1000.041000.28280.2714880.011312

&A

Page &P

pH

(mL)


pH

&A

Page &P

pH



pH

Cr(VI) (mL)


&A

Page &P



(mL)

(g)


(g)

(100 mg/L)10 mLpH:30.2 g

303.45.16

12016.45.63

240567.76

00

0.20.162

0.40.323

0.60.472

0.80.618

10.765

&A

Page &P

pH

Time (min)


pH

y = 0.7631x + 0.0084R2 = 0.9995

0.05 g100ppm200 mLpH30.05 g

10

94.4ph30

94.460

94.814.05256129353.12120

95.215.68366215793.06240

95.219.82414896763.03

20.9533726432.98

3.2222.58447350742.97

3.19

3.14

3.09200ppm100 mLpH30.05 g

3.05

ph

15.07193115273.22

14.02344898563.15

14.54769006923.14

15.20299142362.93

18.74161873782.96

0.1870.060.064

0.1870.0640.06

0.1870.0830.06

0.1890.0850.064

0.1890.0960.077

&A

Page &P

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL

pH(100 mg/L100 mL)

pH(100 mg/L200 mL)

pH(200 mg/L100 mL)

Reaction Time (min)


pH

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL

Reaction Time (min)

pH

&A

Page &P

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL

Reaction Time (min)


&A

Page &P

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL




Reaction Time (min)


Cr(VI)mole/Fe mole


y=0.7631X+0.0084phph

00.854110.81116498490

100.58575.560214912931.8117313153.314.05256129353.12

300.6280.146769754927.67265846743.2515.68366215793.06

600.57674.380815096332.8760643333.2219.82414896763.03

1200.60478.0500589729.56480605493.220.9533726432.98

2400.62781.064080723426.84484389783.1622.58447350742.97


y=0.7631X+0.0084phph

00.79261.27752

100.54142.1237131.25748235243.215.07193115273.22

300.61247.5417222.41572439623.1314.02344898563.15

600.65150.5178117.55898411033.0914.54769006923.14

1200.59446.1681424.65729683583.0615.20299142362.93

2400.63549.2968519.55149294553.0118.74161873782.96

&A

Page &P

0.05 g

0.1 g

pH (0.05 g)

pH (0.1 g)

Time (min)


pH

&A

Page &P

0.05 g

0.1 g

pH (0.05 g)

pH (0.1 g)

Time (min)


pH

(6/8)Cr6+50 mLpH 30.2 g30 min*Cr6+

Chart1

69.9

32.9

29.9

21.1

16.7

4



Sheet1


0.02 g0.03 g0.04 g0.05 g

1046.257.772.994.4

3046.264.376.394.4

6047.862.777.694.8

12049.865.87895.2

24049.663.177.695.2

ph3.243.313.293.22

3.153.253.223.19

3.13.193.163.14

3.063.173.123.09

3.033.123.083.05

0.00460.00570.00720.00944

0.00460.00640.00760.00944

0.00470.00620.00770.00948

0.00490.00650.00780.00952

0.00490.00630.00770.00952

0.020.030.040.05

100.2470.1890.1790.187

300.2470.2120.1890.187

600.2520.2060.1910.187

1200.2630.2160.1940.189

2400.2630.2090.1910.189

mole

Reaction Time (min)

Sheet1

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)


pH

Sheet2

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)

pH

Sheet3

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)

Cr(VI) (g)

Sheet4

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)

mole

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

0.02g mole

0.03g mole

0.04g mole

0.05g mole

Reaction Time (min)


Cr(VI)mole/Fe mole

Sheet5

108.728.2

200.819.9

302.89.3

4011.523.9

608.422.9pHNaCl

9012.521.7

12017.533.7

Ph

7.57.18

7.37.03

7.56.97

7.57.32

7.57.44

7.57.53

7.77.38

Sheet5

&A

Page &P

NaCl

NaCl

pHNaCl

pHNaCl

Reactiom Time (min)


pH

Sheet6

0.00312533.12.17

0.0062534.22.4

0.012597.82.92

0.02595.13.12

0.0597.82.85

pH

PH

343.9

427.9

524.2

Sheet6

&A

Page &P

pH

HCl (M)


pH

pH


pH

(100 mg/L)pH:30.2 g:30

1015.50.00085.8

206.50.00064.22

5040.00113.84

10020.00113.63

1020304050 mg/L50 mL0.2 gPh:3 SO42-

1069.90.00093.03

2032.90.00092.87

3029.90.00122.85

4021.10.00112.86

5016.70.00112.98

10040.00112.84

&A

Page &P

pH

(mL)


pH

&A

Page &P

pH



pH

Cr(VI) (mL)


&A

Page &P



(100 mg/L)10 mLpH:30.2 g

303.45.16

12016.45.63

240567.76

00

0.20.162

0.40.323

0.60.472

0.80.618

10.765

&A

Page &P

pH

Time (min)


pH

y = 0.7631x + 0.0084R2 = 0.9995

0.05 g100ppm200 mLpH30.05 g

10

94.4ph30

94.460

94.814.05256129353.12120

95.215.68366215793.06240

95.219.82414896763.03

20.9533726432.98

3.2222.58447350742.97

3.19

3.14

3.09200ppm100 mLpH30.05 g

3.05

ph

15.07193115273.22

14.02344898563.15

14.54769006923.14

15.20299142362.93

18.74161873782.96

0.1870.060.064

0.1870.0640.06

0.1870.0830.06

0.1890.0850.064

0.1890.0960.077

&A

Page &P

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL

pH(100 mg/L100 mL)

pH(100 mg/L200 mL)

pH(200 mg/L100 mL)

Reaction Time (min)


pH

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL

Reaction Time (min)

pH

&A

Page &P

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL

Reaction Time (min)


&A

Page &P

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL




Reaction Time (min)


Cr(VI)mole/Fe mole


y=0.7631X+0.0084phph

00.85466.00874

100.58545.4813531.09798793313.314.05256129353.12

300.6248.152227.05178132473.2515.68366215793.06

600.57644.7945632.1384410613.2219.82414896763.03

1200.60446.9312428.90147577433.220.9533726432.98

2400.62748.6863726.2425400033.1622.58447350742.97


y=0.7631X+0.0084phph

00.79261.27752

100.54142.1237131.25748235243.215.07193115273.22

300.61247.5417222.41572439623.1314.02344898563.15

600.65150.5178117.55898411033.0914.54769006923.14

1200.59446.1681424.65729683583.0615.20299142362.93

2400.63549.2968519.55149294553.0118.74161873782.96

&A

Page &P

0.05 g

0.1 g

pH (0.05 g)

pH (0.1 g)

Time (min)


pH

&A

Page &P

0.05 g

0.1 g

pH (0.05 g)

pH (0.1 g)

Time (min)


pH

(7/8)*Cr6+50 mLpH 30.2 g30 minCr6+

Chart1

0.01976772

0.01860824

0.0253925526

0.02386832

0.0236138

0.011312


(g)

Sheet1


0.02 g0.03 g0.04 g0.05 g

1046.257.772.994.4

3046.264.376.394.4

6047.862.777.694.8

12049.865.87895.2

24049.663.177.695.2

ph3.243.313.293.22

3.153.253.223.19

3.13.193.163.14

3.063.173.123.09

3.033.123.083.05

0.00460.00570.00720.00944

0.00460.00640.00760.00944

0.00470.00620.00770.00948

0.00490.00650.00780.00952

0.00490.00630.00770.00952

0.020.030.040.05

100.2470.1890.1790.187

300.2470.2120.1890.187

600.2520.2060.1910.187

1200.2630.2160.1940.189

2400.2630.2090.1910.189

mole

Reaction Time (min)

Sheet1

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)


pH

Sheet2

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)

pH

Sheet3

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)

Cr(VI) (g)

Sheet4

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

Reaction Time (min)

mole

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

0.02g mole

0.03g mole

0.04g mole

0.05g mole

Reaction Time (min)


Cr(VI)mole/Fe mole

Sheet5

108.728.2

200.819.9

302.89.3

4011.523.9

608.422.9pHNaCl

9012.521.7

12017.533.7

Ph

7.57.18

7.37.03

7.56.97

7.57.32

7.57.44

7.57.53

7.77.38

Sheet5

&A

Page &P

NaCl

NaCl

pHNaCl

pHNaCl

Reactiom Time (min)


pH

Sheet6

0.00312533.12.17

0.0062534.22.4

0.012597.82.92

0.02595.13.12

0.0597.82.85

pH

PH

343.9

427.9

524.2

Sheet6

&A

Page &P

pH

HCl (M)


pH

pH


pH

(100 mg/L)pH:30.2 g:30

1015.50.00085.815.50.1550.00155

206.50.00064.226.50.0650.0013

5040.00113.8440.040.002

10020.00113.6320.020.002

0.2828

1020304050 mg/L50 mL0.2 gPh:3 SO42-

1069.90.00093.03

2032.90.00092.87

3029.90.00122.85

4021.10.00112.86

5016.70.00112.98

10040.00112.84

100.6991000.028280.008512280.01976772

200.3291000.056560.037951760.01860824

300.29999.90.08492492490.05953237240.0253925526

400.2111000.113120.089251680.02386832

500.1671000.14140.11778620.0236138

1000.041000.28280.2714880.011312

&A

Page &P

pH

(mL)


pH

&A

Page &P

pH



pH

Cr(VI) (mL)


&A

Page &P



(mL)

(g)


(g)

(100 mg/L)10 mLpH:30.2 g

303.45.16

12016.45.63

240567.76

00

0.20.162

0.40.323

0.60.472

0.80.618

10.765

&A

Page &P

pH

Time (min)


pH

y = 0.7631x + 0.0084R2 = 0.9995

0.05 g100ppm200 mLpH30.05 g

10

94.4ph30

94.460

94.814.05256129353.12120

95.215.68366215793.06240

95.219.82414896763.03

20.9533726432.98

3.2222.58447350742.97

3.19

3.14

3.09200ppm100 mLpH30.05 g

3.05

ph

15.07193115273.22

14.02344898563.15

14.54769006923.14

15.20299142362.93

18.74161873782.96

0.1870.060.064

0.1870.0640.06

0.1870.0830.06

0.1890.0850.064

0.1890.0960.077

&A

Page &P

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL

pH(100 mg/L100 mL)

pH(100 mg/L200 mL)

pH(200 mg/L100 mL)

Reaction Time (min)


pH

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL

Reaction Time (min)

pH

&A

Page &P

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL

Reaction Time (min)


&A

Page &P

100 mg/L100 mL

100 mg/L200 mL

200 mg/L100 mL




Reaction Time (min)


Cr(VI)mole/Fe mole


y=0.7631X+0.0084phph

00.854110.81116498490

100.58575.560214912931.8117313153.314.05256129353.12

300.6280.146769754927.67265846743.2515.68366215793.06

600.57674.380815096332.8760643333.2219.82414896763.03

1200.60478.0500589729.56480605493.220.9533726432.98

2400.62781.064080723426.84484389783.1622.58447350742.97


y=0.7631X+0.0084phph

00.79261.27752

100.54142.1237131.25748235243.215.07193115273.22

300.61247.5417222.41572439623.1314.02344898563.15

600.65150.5178117.55898411033.0914.54769006923.14

1200.59446.1681424.65729683583.0615.20299142362.93

2400.63549.2968519.55149294553.0118.74161873782.96

&A

Page &P

0.05 g

0.1 g

pH (0.05 g)

pH (0.1 g)

Time (min)


pH

&A

Page &P

0.05 g

0.1 g

pH (0.05 g)

pH (0.1 g)

Time (min)


pH

(8/8)Cr6+(100 mg/L)100 mLpH 3*Cr6+

Cr6+(100 mg/L)(100 ml) pH 3*Cr6+

CMC*Cr6+(100 mg/L)(100 ml) pH 30.05 gCMCCr6+

Chart1

33.872405450117.83723522853.828798030916.68163736693.573.383.113.52

48.26181077322.04880465755.196225899132.59335300913.83.343.153.75

49.789889214330.22420413728.341309995936.82792249453.833.423.183.97

50.299248694830.10033444829.298509503642.08905427953.83.443.14.43

49.662549344235.67447045719.708737864147.60682663933.763.63.084.6

1%

5%

15%

30%

1%

5%

15%

30%

Reaction Time (min)


pH

cmc

1%1%

minpHre pHORPmg/LrereReg/LCr moleFe moleCr/Fe

03.023.065000.789100.720.69954.620.10072371760.00019369950.00089285710.22

103.303.364750.56972.790.56944.3827.7318.746.360.07279075670.00013998220.00089285710.16

303.783.424130.45358.060.52240.6842.3525.5211.900.05806246830.00011165860.00089285710.13

604.053.553850.34944.860.50539.3455.4627.9719.440.04485779580.0000862650.00089285710.10

1204.263.623360.29237.620.46636.2762.6533.6020.540.03762061960.00007234730.00089285710.08

2404.594.483590.24231.270.27821.4768.9560.705.830.03127221940.00006013890.00089285710.07

5%5%

minpHORPmg/Lg/LCr moleFe moleCr/Fe

03.034990.73894.250.09424834940.00018124680.00089285710.20

3850.40451.8445.000.05184103610.00009969430.00089285710.11

103.793510.34243.9753.350.04396901980.00008455580.00089285710.09

304.293380.30739.5358.060.03952513970.00007600990.00089285710.09

604.603020.26634.3263.590.03431945150.00006599890.00089285710.07

1205.092880.21327.5970.730.02759014730.0000530580.00089285710.06

2405.75

15%15%


03.054950.797101.740.10173946170.00019565280.00089285710.22

103.594740.53868.8532.320.06885474860.0001324130.00089285710.15

303.714490.48762.3838.690.06237938040.00011996030.00089285710.13

603.693980.44957.5543.430.05755459620.00011068190.00089285710.12

1204.263440.3646.2554.540.04625444390.00008895090.00089285710.10

2404.603120.31140.0360.650.04003301170.00007698660.00089285710.09

30%30%

minpHORPmg/LpHmg/Lg/LCr moleFe moleCr/Fe

02.875390.792101.103.130.8120.6770.7495.07364144240.09507364140.00018283390.000.20

103.464630.2329.7570.583.70.5470.5370.5469.362620619627.040.06936262060.00013338970.000.15

303.573900.08110.8389.295.10.4160.4130.4153.174200101644.070.05317420010.00010225810.000.11

603.943350.0243.5996.455.730.3090.2880.3038.445911630359.560.03844591160.00007393440.000.08

1204.852270.0041.0598.966.120.2490.2580.2532.732351447465.570.03273235140.00006294680.000.07

2405.271460.0071.4398.586.710.2120.2060.2127.082275266671.510.02708227530.00005208130.000.06

1%1%


03.024800.78199.710.09970797360.00019174610.00089285710.21

103.574300.51565.9333.870.06593448450.00012679710.00089285710.14

303.803940.40251.5948.260.05158710010.0000992060.00089285710.11

603.833860.3950.0649.790.0500634840.00009627590.00089285710.11

1203.803820.38649.5650.300.0495556120.00009529930.00089285710.11

2403.763600.39150.1949.660.0501904520.00009652010.00089285710.11

5%5%


03.025200.803102.500.10250126970.00019711780.00089285710.22

103.384930.65984.2217.840.08421787710.00016195750.00089285710.18

303.344750.62579.9022.050.0799009650.00015365570.00089285710.17

603.424540.55971.5230.220.07152107670.00013754050.00089285710.15

1203.444380.5671.6530.100.07164804470.00013778470.00089285710.15

2403.604180.51565.9335.670.06593448450.00012679710.00089285710.14

15%15%


02.974860.72792.850.09285170140.0001785610.00089285710.20

103.115210.69989.303.830.08929659730.00017172420.00089285710.19

303.155320.68988.035.200.08802691720.00016928250.00089285710.19

603.185360.66685.118.340.08510665310.00016366660.00089285710.18

1203.105320.65984.229.300.08421787710.00016195750.00089285710.18

2403.085370.65683.849.710.08383697310.00016122490.00089285710.18

30%30%


03.040.77598.950.09894616560.00019028110.00089285710.21

103.520.64582.4416.680.0824403250.00015853910.00089285710.18

303.750.52166.7032.590.06669629250.00012826210.00089285710.14

603.970.48862.5136.830.06250634840.00012020450.00089285710.13

1204.430.44757.3042.090.05730066020.00011019360.00089285710.12

2404.600.40451.8447.610.05184103610.00009969430.00089285710.11

cmc

min


1%

pH

ORP

0.02~0.05

min


5%

cmc

pH

ORP

zn fe

min


15%

fe ni

pH

ORP

20120411

min


30%

pH

ORP

1

min


1%

min


5%

min


15%

pH

min


pH

30%

pH

ORP

pH

ORP

pH

ORP

1%

5%

15%

30%

1%

5%

15%

30%

min


100 ppm 100 mL

1%

5%

15%

30%

1%

5%

15%

30%

Reaction Time (min)


pH

1%

5%

15%

30%

1%

5%

15%

30%

Reactiom Time(min)


pH

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

5%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

15%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

30%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

5%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

15%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

30%

1%

5%

15%

30%

min

CMC

1%

5%

15%

30%

min

CMC

1% 40 100 bar40 100 bar

minpHmg/Lg/LCr moleFe moleCr/Fe

03.070.8080.8060.807103.010.10300914170.00019809450.00089285710.22

103.490.6250.6240.624579.8422.490.0798374810.00015353360.00089285710.17

304.050.5450.5440.544569.6832.360.06968004060.00013400010.00089285710.15

604.260.4970.4980.497563.7138.150.06371254440.00012252410.00089285710.14

1204.10.4740.4550.464559.5242.220.05952260030.00011446650.00089285710.13

2404.180.4530.4280.440556.4845.170.05647536820.00010860650.00089285710.12

1%50 100 bar50 100 bar


03.080.8130.8140.8135103.830.10383443370.00019968160.00089285710.22

103.450.5560.5550.555571.0831.550.07107668870.00013668590.00089285710.15

303.580.4830.4840.483561.9340.350.06193499240.00011910580.00089285710.13

603.740.4250.4240.424554.4447.570.05444388010.00010469980.00089285710.12

1203.770.40.40.451.3350.560.0513331640.00009871760.00089285710.11

2403.760.4060.4070.406552.1649.770.05215845610.00010030470.00089285710.11

1mmolFe0.55mmolCr(VI)

1%50 150 bar50 150 bar


02.940.7980.8010.7995102.060.10205688170.00019626320.00089285710.22

103.240.5450.5360.540569.1732.220.06917216860.00013302340.00089285710.15

303.170.4940.5030.498563.8437.450.06383951240.00012276830.00089285710.14

603.230.4740.4850.479561.4339.810.06142712040.00011812910.00089285710.13

1203.260.4510.4430.44757.3043.850.05730066020.00011019360.00089285710.12

2403.240.4590.4550.45758.5742.610.05857034030.00011263530.00089285710.13

1%60 150 bar60 150 bar


03.040.7810.820.8005102.180.10218384970.00019650740.00089285710.22

103.360.5510.5550.55370.7630.750.07075926870.00013607550.00089285710.15

303.370.4940.5060.564.0337.340.06402996440.00012313450.00089285710.14

603.340.4690.4780.473560.6740.630.06066531230.00011666410.00089285710.13

1203.360.4550.4690.46259.2142.060.05920518030.00011385610.00089285710.13

2403.390.450.4630.456558.5142.740.05850685630.00011251320.00089285710.13

1%40 100 bar40 100 bar


03.020.7960.7920.794101.360.10135855760.00019492030.00089285710.22

103.210.5620.570.56672.4128.560.07240985270.00013924970.00089285710.16

303.220.4960.4890.492563.0837.770.06307770440.00012130330.00089285710.14

603.250.4790.4370.45858.7042.090.05869730830.00011287940.00089285710.13

1203.330.4370.4410.43956.2844.470.05628491620.00010824020.00089285710.12

2403.330.4250.4240.424554.4446.290.05444388010.00010469980.00089285710.12

1%50 100 bar50 100 bar


02.870.8120.8210.8165104.220.10421533770.00020041410.00089285710.22

103.130.5660.5760.57173.0430.520.07304469270.00014047060.00089285710.16

303.20.4380.440.43956.2839.470.05628491620.00010824020.00089285710.12

603.240.40.40.451.3343.680.0513331640.00009871760.00089285710.11

1203.350.3770.3840.380548.8645.990.0488572880.00009395630.00089285710.11

2403.310.3670.3730.3747.5247.760.04752412390.00009139250.00089285710.10

1%50 150 bar50 150 bar


03.080.7980.8140.806102.880.10288217370.00019785030.00089285710.22

103.10.5470.550.548570.1929.620.07018791260.00013497680.00089285710.15

303.150.4970.4810.48962.6338.690.06263331640.00012044870.00089285710.13

603.190.4520.4410.446557.2442.950.05723717620.00011007150.00089285710.12

1203.220.4080.4120.4152.6045.290.05260284410.00010115930.00089285710.11

2403.210.3870.3830.38549.4347.080.0494286440.00009505510.00089285710.11

1%60 150 bar60 150 bar


02.930.7980.8140.806102.880.000.10288217370.00019785030.00089285710.22

103.110.5710.5640.567572.6029.430.07260030470.0001396160.00089285710.16

303.270.520.5060.51365.6836.160.06568054850.00012630870.00089285710.14

603.320.4920.4810.486562.3239.430.06231589640.00011983830.00089285710.13

1203.30.4760.4640.4760.2241.470.06022092430.00011580950.00089285710.13

2403.310.4540.4560.45558.3243.320.05831640430.00011214690.00089285710.13

50 ppm 1%50 100 bar

minpHmg/L

03.010.8010.7940.797550.900.00

103.210.3880.3730.380524.4352.01

303.250.3240.3180.32120.6559.43

603.250.2760.290.28318.2464.17

1203.280.2470.2330.2415.5169.53

2403.290.1910.1920.191512.4375.58

pH

min


1% 40 100 bar

pH

min


1% 50 100 bar

pH

min


1% 50 150 bar

pH

min


1% 60 150 bar

pH

min


1% 40 100 bar

pH

min


1% 50 100 bar

pH

1% 40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

1% 40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

min


pH

1%40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

1%40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

min


pH

pH

min


1% 40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

1%40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

min


Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 40 100 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 50 100 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 50 150 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 60 150 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 40 100 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 50 100 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 50 150 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 60 150 bar

40 100 bar

50 100 bar

50 150 bar

60 150 bar

min

1%CMC

40 100 bar

50 100 bar

50 150 bar

60 150 bar

min

1%CMC

((+0.0043)/0.7876)*100

100ppm100 mLpH30.02 g

0.02 g

pH 0.02 gppmg/LCr moleFe moleCr/Fe

03.010.78540.8020.7937101.32046724230.000.10132046720.00019484710.00089285710.22

102.980.77840.7830.780799.66988318941.630.09966988320.00019167290.00089285710.21

303.060.780.7820.78199.70797359071.590.09970797360.00019174610.00089285710.21

603.230.7740.7790.776599.13661757242.160.09913661760.00019064730.00089285710.21

1203.190.7560.7590.757596.72422549524.540.09672422550.00018600810.00089285710.21

2403.210.7320.7340.73393.61350939567.610.09361350940.0001800260.00089285710.20

100ppm100 mLpH30.03 g

0.03 g


00.79040.8020.7962101.63788725240.000.10163788730.00019545750.00089285710.22

103.310.7840.7870.7855100.27932960891.340.10027932960.00019284490.00089285710.22

303.250.76950.7730.7712598.4700355513.120.09847003560.00018936550.00089285710.21

603.190.7650.7680.766597.86693753173.710.09786693750.00018820560.00089285710.21

1203.170.73150.7380.7347593.83570340277.680.09383570340.00018045330.00089285710.20

2403.120.72240.7240.723292.36922295589.120.0923692230.00017763310.00089285710.20

100ppm100 mLpH30.04 g

0.04 g


03.020.7910.8020.7965101.67597765360.000.10167597770.00019553070.00089285710.22

103.060.7950.8150.795101.48552564750.190.10148552560.00019516450.00089285710.22

303.110.7650.7760.770598.3748095483.250.09837480950.00018918230.00089285710.21

603.210.7140.7770.745595.20060944646.370.09520060940.00018307810.00089285710.21

1203.30.7380.7590.748595.58151345865.990.09558151350.00018381060.00089285710.21

2403.370.7140.7470.730593.29608938558.240.09329608940.00017941560.00089285710.20

100ppm100 mLpH30.05 g

0.05 g


02.960.8060.8030.8045102.69172168610.000.10269172170.00019748410.00089285710.22

103.040.7860.8530.786100.3428136112.290.10034281360.00019296690.00089285710.22

303.50.770.7820.77699.07313357033.520.09907313360.00019052530.00089285710.21

603.590.7620.7670.764597.61300152364.950.09761300150.00018771730.00089285710.21

1203.370.7360.7490.742594.81970543427.670.09481970540.00018234560.00089285710.20

2403.330.7040.7240.71491.201117318411.190.09120111730.00017538680.00089285710.20

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

pH 0.02 g

pH 0.03 g

pH 0.04 g

pH 0.05 g

min


pH

100ppm100 mLpH30.05 g

0.05 g


03.060.8190.8160.8175104.5327577450.000.10453275770.00020102450.00089285710.23

103.360.530.5310.530567.839004570835.100.06783900460.00013045960.00089285710.15

303.370.4780.4770.477561.236668359641.420.06123666840.00011776280.00089285710.13

603.430.4590.4580.458558.824276282443.730.05882427630.00011312360.00089285710.13

1203.460.4360.4360.43655.904012188946.520.05590401220.00010750770.00089285710.12

2403.50.4140.4140.41453.110716099549.190.05311071610.0001021360.00089285710.11

100ppm100 mLpH30.04 g

0.04 g


02.990.7910.8130.802100.97765363130.000.10097765360.00019418780.00089285710.22

103.320.5830.6070.59574.568308786226.150.07456830880.00014340060.00089285710.16

303.320.540.5490.544569.108684611531.560.06910868460.00013290130.00089285710.15

603.380.5040.5080.50664.537836465236.090.06453783650.00012411120.00089285710.14

1203.380.4510.490.470557.808532249942.750.05780853220.00011117030.00089285710.12

2403.40.4620.4710.466559.205180294641.370.05920518030.00011385610.00089285710.13

100ppm100 mLpH30.03 g

0.03 g


03.040.7910.7410.76697.80345352970.000.09780345350.00018808360.00089285710.21

103.420.6880.6860.68787.772981208710.260.08777298120.00016879420.00089285710.19

303.40.6480.6480.64882.821229050315.320.08282122910.00015927160.00089285710.18

603.40.6320.5950.613578.440832910119.800.07844083290.00015084780.00089285710.17

1203.370.6270.6160.621579.456576942618.760.07945657690.00015280110.00089285710.17

2403.350.6080.5880.59876.472828847121.810.07647282880.00014706310.00089285710.16

100ppm100 mLpH30.02 g

0.02 g


02.790.7650.7140.739594.4388014220.000.09443880140.00018161310.00089285710.20

103.160.7170.6950.70690.18537328594.500.09018537330.00017343340.00089285710.19

303.160.6910.650.670585.67800914179.280.08567800910.00016476540.00089285710.18

603.180.6860.6450.665585.04316912149.950.08504316910.00016354460.00089285710.18

1203.130.6710.630.650583.138649060411.970.08313864910.0001598820.00089285710.18

2403.070.6410.610.625579.964448958915.330.0799644490.00015377780.00089285710.17

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

pH 0.02 g

pH 0.03 g

pH 0.04 g

pH 0.05 g

min


0.05 g

0.04 g

0.03 g

0.02 g

min

Cr/Fe

zn/fe 100 ppm

minpHmg/L

02.990.8060.8050.8055102.81868969020

103.140.8080.8050.8065102.94565769430

303.190.8080.8050.8065102.94565769430

603.240.8010.7760.7885100.66023362112

1203.320.7980.7950.7965101.67597765361

2403.450.7920.7610.776599.13661757244

zn/fe 100 ppm

minpHmg/L

03.090.7560.7850.770598.3748095480

103.310.6970.7320.714591.26460132057

303.350.7020.7090.705590.12188928398

603.40.6910.6770.68487.392077196511

1203.350.6980.6420.6785.614525139713

2403.530.6660.6890.677586.566785170112

zn/fe

pH

min


pH

Zn/FeZn

zn/fe

pH

min


pH

Zn/FeZn

ni/fe100 ppm

minpHmg/Lg/L

02.980.8030.8090.806102.88217369220.000.1028821737202.22390700030

103.470.5870.6070.59776.345860843125.790.0763458608149.406115744326.1184703824

303.540.5590.5570.55871.394108684630.610.0713941087139.550164265930.992251937

603.940.4480.4570.452557.99898425643.630.0579989843112.888551933344.176455886

1204.190.4190.4030.41152.729812087448.750.0527298121102.400808693549.3626593352

2404.560.3380.3560.34744.603859827356.650.044603859886.226939600757.360659835

Cr moleFe moleNi moleFe moleNi moleFeNiCr/Fe Ni

0.00019785030.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.23

0.0001468190.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.17

0.00013729640.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.16

0.00011153650.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.13

0.00010140350.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.12

0.00008577670.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.10

0.00011250.0030.0375

ni/fe cmc 100 ppm

minpHmg/Lg/L

03.090.7950.8220.8085103.19959370240.000.1031995937202.85569876170

103.30.7370.7260.731593.42305738959.470.0934230574183.39651250959.592624891

303.460.6970.7080.702589.740985271713.040.0897409853176.067728076813.2054316681

603.510.6910.70.695588.852209243313.900.0888522092174.298711144814.0774884764

1203.730.6680.6890.678586.693753174215.990.0866937532170.00252716716.1953407251

2404.050.6290.6410.63581.170644997521.350.081170645159.009350518121.6145508907

Cr moleFe moleNi moleFe moleNi moleFeNiCr/Fe Ni 1%CMC

0.00019846080.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.23

0.00017965970.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.21

0.00017257880.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.20

0.00017086960.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.20

0.00016671880.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.19

0.00015609740.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.18

ni/fe cmc 100 ppm

minpHmg/Lg/L

03.020.8550.8410.848108.21482986290.000.1082148299212.83800859240

103.670.7620.7270.744595.073641442412.140.0950736414186.681829668912.2892424602

303.860.7570.7640.760597.105129507410.270.0971051295190.725296942110.3894561862

604.120.7510.730.740594.565769426112.610.0945657694185.670962850612.7641890287

1204.860.7150.6550.68587.519045200619.120.0875190452171.645185746819.3540726668

2405.420.6940.6660.6886.884205180319.710.0868842052170.381602223919.9477558775


0.00020810540.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.24

0.00018283390.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.21

0.00018674060.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.21

0.00018185720.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.21

0.00016830590.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.19

0.0001670850.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.19

min


Ni Fe

Cr/Fe Ni

Cr/Fe Ni 1%CMC

Cr/Fe Ni 1%CMC

min

Fe/Ni

pH

min


Ni Fe1 %CMC

00

0.20.093

0.40.169

0.60.239

0.80.313

10.408

5%3y = 0.3957x + 0.0058


03.10.4540.4440.449112.004043467300.11200404350.00021539240.00357142860.0603098696

103.480.2620.2590.260564.36694465542.53158844770.06436694470.00012378260.00357142860.034659124

303.560.2390.2440.241559.565327268146.81859205780.05956532730.00011454870.00357142860.0320736378

603.730.2320.2290.230556.785443517849.30054151620.05678544350.00010920280.00357142860.0305767773

1203.750.2030.2030.20349.83573414255.50541516250.04983573410.0000958380.00357142860.0268346261

2403.790.2260.2210.223555.016426585850.87996389890.05501642660.00010580080.00357142860.0296242297

5%3 min

minpH3 minmg/Lg/LCr moleFe moleCr/Fe

3.030.4540.4440.449112.004043467300.11200404350.00021539240.00357142860.0603098696

03.790.2810.2860.283570.179428860237.34205776170.07017942890.00013496040.00357142860.0377889232

104.010.2610.2580.259564.114227950542.75722021660.0641142280.00012329660.00357142860.0345230458

304.180.2380.2370.237558.554460449847.72111913360.05855446040.00011260470.00357142860.0315293249

604.310.2230.2230.22354.890068233550.99277978340.05489006820.00010555780.00357142860.0295561906

1204.620.2170.2040.210551.731109426353.81317689530.05173110940.00009948290.00357142860.0278552128

2405.110.2070.2080.207550.972959312654.49007220220.05097295930.00009802490.00357142860.0274469781

5%3 min0.1 g

minpH 0.1 gmg/Lg/LCr moleFe moleCr/Fe

3.150.436108.718726307800.10871872630.00020907450.00357142860.0585408526

03.430.1140.1080.11126.585797321275.54625755460.02658579730.00005112650.00357142860.0143154293

104.940.080.0770.078518.372504422583.10088331010.01837250440.00003533170.00357142860.009892887

304.350.0680.0670.067515.592620672285.65783356580.01559262070.00002998580.00357142860.0083960265

604.840.0510.0530.05211.675511751389.26080892610.01167551180.00002245290.00357142860.006286814

1205.350.0380.0390.03858.263836239692.39888423990.00826383620.0000158920.00357142860.004449758

2405.710.0350.0370.0367.632044478192.9800092980.00763204450.0000146770.00357142860.0041095624

5%3 min0.15 g


3.110.425105.938842557500.10593884260.00020372850.00357142860.0570439921

03.440.0960.0990.097523.174121809578.1250.02317412180.00004456560.00357142860.0124783733

104.650.0720.070.07116.477129138284.44656488550.01647712910.00003168680.00357142860.0088723003

305.40.0550.060.057513.065453626587.66698473280.01306545360.00002512590.00357142860.0070352443

605.950.0370.0360.03657.758402830492.67652671760.00775840280.000014920.00357142860.0041776015

1206.430.0170.0180.01752.956785443597.20896946560.00295678540.00000568610.00357142860.0015921152

2406.120.0110.0130.0121.566843568498.52099236640.00156684360.00000301320.00357142860.000843685

2400.160.389689158599.63215648850.00038968920.00000074940.00357142860.0002098326

5%3 min0.2 g


3.020.43107.202426080400.10720242610.00020615850.00357142860.0577243833

02.430.0360.0410.03858.263836239692.29137199430.00826383620.0000158920.00357142860.004449758

102.880.0120.0110.01151.440485216198.65629420080.00144048520.00000277020.00357142860.0007756459

30

60

120

240

303.250.2050.503411675599.53041018390.00050341170.00000096810.00357142860.0002710678

5%3 min0.2 g re


3.110.39698.610058124800.09861005810.00018963470.00357142860.0530977236

02.830.040.0340.0377.884761182792.00410046130.00788476120.0000151630.00357142860.0042456406

103.180.0130.0150.0142.072276977597.89851358280.0020722770.00000398510.00357142860.0011158414

304.470.010.0070.00850.682335102499.30804715530.00068233510.00000131220.00357142860.0003674112

300.6961.74425069598.23116350590.00174425070.00000335430.00357142860.0009392119

5%3 min0.2 g Fe Ni

minpH 0.2 g Fe Nimg/Lg/LCr moleFe moleNi moleFe moleNi moleFeNiCr/Fe Ni 5%CMC

3.320.448111.751326762700.11175132680.00021490640.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0617435424

02.840.1280.1280.12830.88198129972.36544549980.03088198130.00005938840.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0170625529

104.610.0810.0810.08119.00429618482.99412030760.01900429620.00003654670.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0105000325

305.750.0540.0570.055512.560020217388.76074174580.01256002020.00002415390.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0069395162

606.20.0370.0370.0377.884761182792.94436906380.00788476120.0000151630.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0043563965

1206.60.0160.0140.0152.324993682197.91949344190.00232499370.00000447110.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0012845784

2406.980.0060.0050.0055-0.0758150114100.0678426052-0.000075815-0.00000014580.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.0034806295-0.0000418884

2400.2930.725802375599.35052012660.00072580240.00000139580.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0004010119

44.99528492523.79

53.3477030854.29

58.06277785264.6

63.58615115185.09

70.72612151425.75

3 min

pH3 min

pH

Reactiom Time (min)


pH

5 %CMC

0.1 g

0.15 g

0.2 g

pH 0.1 g

pH 0.15 g

pH 0.2 g

Reactiom Time (min)


pH

5 %CMC

0.1 g

0.15 g

0.2 g

Reactiom Time (min)

5 %CMC

0.2 g re

0.2 g Fe Ni

pH 0.2 g

pH 0.2 g Fe Ni

Reactiom Time (min)


pH

5 %CMC

C/C0LNC/C01/A

07.88476118270.0804567468-2.52003554630.1268269231

102.07227697750.0211456834-3.85631948680.4825609756

300.68233510240.0069626031-4.96720186811.4655555556

C098

CMC*Cr6+(100 mg/L)(100 ml) pH 30.05 g

CMCCr6+

Chart1

27.732257657944.995284925232.322475976527.04326923083.363.793.593.46

42.354720786653.34770308538.687133408244.07051282053.424.293.713.57

55.464515315858.062777852643.429427180859.5619658123.554.63.693.94

62.649691163563.586151151854.536378385165.57158119663.625.094.264.85

68.952476994870.726121514260.651441407771.51442307694.485.754.65.27

1%

5%

15%

30%

1%

5%

15%

30%

Reaction Time (min)


pH

cmc

1%1%


03.023.065000.789100.720.69954.620.10072371760.00019369950.00089285710.22

103.303.364750.56972.790.56944.3827.7318.746.360.07279075670.00013998220.00089285710.16

303.783.424130.45358.060.52240.6842.3525.5211.900.05806246830.00011165860.00089285710.13

604.053.553850.34944.860.50539.3455.4627.9719.440.04485779580.0000862650.00089285710.10

1204.263.623360.29237.620.46636.2762.6533.6020.540.03762061960.00007234730.00089285710.08

2404.594.483590.24231.270.27821.4768.9560.705.830.03127221940.00006013890.00089285710.07

5%5%


03.034990.73894.250.09424834940.00018124680.00089285710.20

3850.40451.8445.000.05184103610.00009969430.00089285710.11

103.793510.34243.9753.350.04396901980.00008455580.00089285710.09

304.293380.30739.5358.060.03952513970.00007600990.00089285710.09

604.603020.26634.3263.590.03431945150.00006599890.00089285710.07

1205.092880.21327.5970.730.02759014730.0000530580.00089285710.06

2405.75

15%15%


03.054950.797101.740.10173946170.00019565280.00089285710.22

103.594740.53868.8532.320.06885474860.0001324130.00089285710.15

303.714490.48762.3838.690.06237938040.00011996030.00089285710.13

603.693980.44957.5543.430.05755459620.00011068190.00089285710.12

1204.263440.3646.2554.540.04625444390.00008895090.00089285710.10

2404.603120.31140.0360.650.04003301170.00007698660.00089285710.09

30%30%


02.875390.792101.103.130.8120.6770.7495.07364144240.09507364140.00018283390.000.20

103.464630.2329.7570.583.70.5470.5370.5469.362620619627.040.06936262060.00013338970.000.15

303.573900.08110.8389.295.10.4160.4130.4153.174200101644.070.05317420010.00010225810.000.11

603.943350.0243.5996.455.730.3090.2880.3038.445911630359.560.03844591160.00007393440.000.08

1204.852270.0041.0598.966.120.2490.2580.2532.732351447465.570.03273235140.00006294680.000.07

2405.271460.0071.4398.586.710.2120.2060.2127.082275266671.510.02708227530.00005208130.000.06

1%1%


03.024800.78199.710.09970797360.00019174610.00089285710.21

103.574300.51565.9333.870.06593448450.00012679710.00089285710.14

303.803940.40251.5948.260.05158710010.0000992060.00089285710.11

603.833860.3950.0649.790.0500634840.00009627590.00089285710.11

1203.803820.38649.5650.300.0495556120.00009529930.00089285710.11

2403.763600.39150.1949.660.0501904520.00009652010.00089285710.11

5%5%


03.025200.803102.500.10250126970.00019711780.00089285710.22

103.384930.65984.2217.840.08421787710.00016195750.00089285710.18

303.344750.62579.9022.050.0799009650.00015365570.00089285710.17

603.424540.55971.5230.220.07152107670.00013754050.00089285710.15

1203.444380.5671.6530.100.07164804470.00013778470.00089285710.15

2403.604180.51565.9335.670.06593448450.00012679710.00089285710.14

15%15%


02.974860.72792.850.09285170140.0001785610.00089285710.20

103.115210.69989.303.830.08929659730.00017172420.00089285710.19

303.155320.68988.035.200.08802691720.00016928250.00089285710.19

603.185360.66685.118.340.08510665310.00016366660.00089285710.18

1203.105320.65984.229.300.08421787710.00016195750.00089285710.18

2403.085370.65683.849.710.08383697310.00016122490.00089285710.18

30%30%


03.040.77598.950.09894616560.00019028110.00089285710.21

103.520.64582.4416.680.0824403250.00015853910.00089285710.18

303.750.52166.7032.590.06669629250.00012826210.00089285710.14

603.970.48862.5136.830.06250634840.00012020450.00089285710.13

1204.430.44757.3042.090.05730066020.00011019360.00089285710.12

2404.600.40451.8447.610.05184103610.00009969430.00089285710.11

cmc

min


1%

pH

ORP

0.02~0.05

min


5%

cmc

pH

ORP

zn fe

min


15%

fe ni

pH

ORP

20120411

min


30%

pH

ORP

1

min


1%

min


5%

min


15%

pH

min


pH

30%

pH

ORP

pH

ORP

pH

ORP

1%

5%

15%

30%

1%

5%

15%

30%

min


100 ppm 100 mL

1%

5%

15%

30%

Reactiom Time(min)


1%

5%

15%

30%

1%

5%

15%

30%

Reactiom Time(min)


pH

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

5%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

15%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

30%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

5%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

15%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

30%

1%

5%

15%

30%

min

CMC

1%

5%

15%

30%

min

CMC

1% 40 100 bar40 100 bar


03.070.8080.8060.807103.010.10300914170.00019809450.00089285710.22

103.490.6250.6240.624579.8422.490.0798374810.00015353360.00089285710.17

304.050.5450.5440.544569.6832.360.06968004060.00013400010.00089285710.15

604.260.4970.4980.497563.7138.150.06371254440.00012252410.00089285710.14

1204.10.4740.4550.464559.5242.220.05952260030.00011446650.00089285710.13

2404.180.4530.4280.440556.4845.170.05647536820.00010860650.00089285710.12

1%50 100 bar50 100 bar


03.080.8130.8140.8135103.830.10383443370.00019968160.00089285710.22

103.450.5560.5550.555571.0831.550.07107668870.00013668590.00089285710.15

303.580.4830.4840.483561.9340.350.06193499240.00011910580.00089285710.13

603.740.4250.4240.424554.4447.570.05444388010.00010469980.00089285710.12

1203.770.40.40.451.3350.560.0513331640.00009871760.00089285710.11

2403.760.4060.4070.406552.1649.770.05215845610.00010030470.00089285710.11

1mmolFe0.55mmolCr(VI)

1%50 150 bar50 150 bar


02.940.7980.8010.7995102.060.10205688170.00019626320.00089285710.22

103.240.5450.5360.540569.1732.220.06917216860.00013302340.00089285710.15

303.170.4940.5030.498563.8437.450.06383951240.00012276830.00089285710.14

603.230.4740.4850.479561.4339.810.06142712040.00011812910.00089285710.13

1203.260.4510.4430.44757.3043.850.05730066020.00011019360.00089285710.12

2403.240.4590.4550.45758.5742.610.05857034030.00011263530.00089285710.13

1%60 150 bar60 150 bar


03.040.7810.820.8005102.180.10218384970.00019650740.00089285710.22

103.360.5510.5550.55370.7630.750.07075926870.00013607550.00089285710.15

303.370.4940.5060.564.0337.340.06402996440.00012313450.00089285710.14

603.340.4690.4780.473560.6740.630.06066531230.00011666410.00089285710.13

1203.360.4550.4690.46259.2142.060.05920518030.00011385610.00089285710.13

2403.390.450.4630.456558.5142.740.05850685630.00011251320.00089285710.13

1%40 100 bar40 100 bar


03.020.7960.7920.794101.360.10135855760.00019492030.00089285710.22

103.210.5620.570.56672.4128.560.07240985270.00013924970.00089285710.16

303.220.4960.4890.492563.0837.770.06307770440.00012130330.00089285710.14

603.250.4790.4370.45858.7042.090.05869730830.00011287940.00089285710.13

1203.330.4370.4410.43956.2844.470.05628491620.00010824020.00089285710.12

2403.330.4250.4240.424554.4446.290.05444388010.00010469980.00089285710.12

1%50 100 bar50 100 bar


02.870.8120.8210.8165104.220.10421533770.00020041410.00089285710.22

103.130.5660.5760.57173.0430.520.07304469270.00014047060.00089285710.16

303.20.4380.440.43956.2839.470.05628491620.00010824020.00089285710.12

603.240.40.40.451.3343.680.0513331640.00009871760.00089285710.11

1203.350.3770.3840.380548.8645.990.0488572880.00009395630.00089285710.11

2403.310.3670.3730.3747.5247.760.04752412390.00009139250.00089285710.10

1%50 150 bar50 150 bar


03.080.7980.8140.806102.880.10288217370.00019785030.00089285710.22

103.10.5470.550.548570.1929.620.07018791260.00013497680.00089285710.15

303.150.4970.4810.48962.6338.690.06263331640.00012044870.00089285710.13

603.190.4520.4410.446557.2442.950.05723717620.00011007150.00089285710.12

1203.220.4080.4120.4152.6045.290.05260284410.00010115930.00089285710.11

2403.210.3870.3830.38549.4347.080.0494286440.00009505510.00089285710.11

1%60 150 bar60 150 bar


02.930.7980.8140.806102.880.000.10288217370.00019785030.00089285710.22

103.110.5710.5640.567572.6029.430.07260030470.0001396160.00089285710.16

303.270.520.5060.51365.6836.160.06568054850.00012630870.00089285710.14

603.320.4920.4810.486562.3239.430.06231589640.00011983830.00089285710.13

1203.30.4760.4640.4760.2241.470.06022092430.00011580950.00089285710.13

2403.310.4540.4560.45558.3243.320.05831640430.00011214690.00089285710.13

50 ppm 1%50 100 bar

minpHmg/L

03.010.8010.7940.797550.900.00

103.210.3880.3730.380524.4352.01

303.250.3240.3180.32120.6559.43

603.250.2760.290.28318.2464.17

1203.280.2470.2330.2415.5169.53

2403.290.1910.1920.191512.4375.58

pH

min


1% 40 100 bar

pH

min


1% 50 100 bar

pH

min


1% 50 150 bar

pH

min


1% 60 150 bar

pH

min


1% 40 100 bar

pH

min


1% 50 100 bar

pH

1% 40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

1% 40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

min


pH

1%40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

1%40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

min


pH

pH

min


1% 40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

1%40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

min


Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 40 100 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 50 100 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 50 150 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 60 150 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 40 100 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 50 100 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 50 150 bar

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1% 60 150 bar

40 100 bar

50 100 bar

50 150 bar

60 150 bar

min

1%CMC

40 100 bar

50 100 bar

50 150 bar

60 150 bar

min

1%CMC

((+0.0043)/0.7876)*100

100ppm100 mLpH30.02 g

0.02 g


03.010.78540.8020.7937101.32046724230.000.10132046720.00019484710.00089285710.22

102.980.77840.7830.780799.66988318941.630.09966988320.00019167290.00089285710.21

303.060.780.7820.78199.70797359071.590.09970797360.00019174610.00089285710.21

603.230.7740.7790.776599.13661757242.160.09913661760.00019064730.00089285710.21

1203.190.7560.7590.757596.72422549524.540.09672422550.00018600810.00089285710.21

2403.210.7320.7340.73393.61350939567.610.09361350940.0001800260.00089285710.20

100ppm100 mLpH30.03 g

0.03 g


00.79040.8020.7962101.63788725240.000.10163788730.00019545750.00089285710.22

103.310.7840.7870.7855100.27932960891.340.10027932960.00019284490.00089285710.22

303.250.76950.7730.7712598.4700355513.120.09847003560.00018936550.00089285710.21

603.190.7650.7680.766597.86693753173.710.09786693750.00018820560.00089285710.21

1203.170.73150.7380.7347593.83570340277.680.09383570340.00018045330.00089285710.20

2403.120.72240.7240.723292.36922295589.120.0923692230.00017763310.00089285710.20

100ppm100 mLpH30.04 g

0.04 g


03.020.7910.8020.7965101.67597765360.000.10167597770.00019553070.00089285710.22

103.060.7950.8150.795101.48552564750.190.10148552560.00019516450.00089285710.22

303.110.7650.7760.770598.3748095483.250.09837480950.00018918230.00089285710.21

603.210.7140.7770.745595.20060944646.370.09520060940.00018307810.00089285710.21

1203.30.7380.7590.748595.58151345865.990.09558151350.00018381060.00089285710.21

2403.370.7140.7470.730593.29608938558.240.09329608940.00017941560.00089285710.20

100ppm100 mLpH30.05 g

0.05 g


02.960.8060.8030.8045102.69172168610.000.10269172170.00019748410.00089285710.22

103.040.7860.8530.786100.3428136112.290.10034281360.00019296690.00089285710.22

303.50.770.7820.77699.07313357033.520.09907313360.00019052530.00089285710.21

603.590.7620.7670.764597.61300152364.950.09761300150.00018771730.00089285710.21

1203.370.7360.7490.742594.81970543427.670.09481970540.00018234560.00089285710.20

2403.330.7040.7240.71491.201117318411.190.09120111730.00017538680.00089285710.20

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

pH 0.02 g

pH 0.03 g

pH 0.04 g

pH 0.05 g

min


pH

100ppm100 mLpH30.05 g

0.05 g


03.060.8190.8160.8175104.5327577450.000.10453275770.00020102450.00089285710.23

103.360.530.5310.530567.839004570835.100.06783900460.00013045960.00089285710.15

303.370.4780.4770.477561.236668359641.420.06123666840.00011776280.00089285710.13

603.430.4590.4580.458558.824276282443.730.05882427630.00011312360.00089285710.13

1203.460.4360.4360.43655.904012188946.520.05590401220.00010750770.00089285710.12

2403.50.4140.4140.41453.110716099549.190.05311071610.0001021360.00089285710.11

100ppm100 mLpH30.04 g

0.04 g


02.990.7910.8130.802100.97765363130.000.10097765360.00019418780.00089285710.22

103.320.5830.6070.59574.568308786226.150.07456830880.00014340060.00089285710.16

303.320.540.5490.544569.108684611531.560.06910868460.00013290130.00089285710.15

603.380.5040.5080.50664.537836465236.090.06453783650.00012411120.00089285710.14

1203.380.4510.490.470557.808532249942.750.05780853220.00011117030.00089285710.12

2403.40.4620.4710.466559.205180294641.370.05920518030.00011385610.00089285710.13

100ppm100 mLpH30.03 g

0.03 g


03.040.7910.7410.76697.80345352970.000.09780345350.00018808360.00089285710.21

103.420.6880.6860.68787.772981208710.260.08777298120.00016879420.00089285710.19

303.40.6480.6480.64882.821229050315.320.08282122910.00015927160.00089285710.18

603.40.6320.5950.613578.440832910119.800.07844083290.00015084780.00089285710.17

1203.370.6270.6160.621579.456576942618.760.07945657690.00015280110.00089285710.17

2403.350.6080.5880.59876.472828847121.810.07647282880.00014706310.00089285710.16

100ppm100 mLpH30.02 g

0.02 g


02.790.7650.7140.739594.4388014220.000.09443880140.00018161310.00089285710.20

103.160.7170.6950.70690.18537328594.500.09018537330.00017343340.00089285710.19

303.160.6910.650.670585.67800914179.280.08567800910.00016476540.00089285710.18

603.180.6860.6450.665585.04316912149.950.08504316910.00016354460.00089285710.18

1203.130.6710.630.650583.138649060411.970.08313864910.0001598820.00089285710.18

2403.070.6410.610.625579.964448958915.330.0799644490.00015377780.00089285710.17

0.02 g

0.03 g

0.04 g

0.05 g

pH 0.02 g

pH 0.03 g

pH 0.04 g

pH 0.05 g

min


0.05 g

0.04 g

0.03 g

0.02 g

min

Cr/Fe

zn/fe 100 ppm

minpHmg/L

02.990.8060.8050.8055102.81868969020

103.140.8080.8050.8065102.94565769430

303.190.8080.8050.8065102.94565769430

603.240.8010.7760.7885100.66023362112

1203.320.7980.7950.7965101.67597765361

2403.450.7920.7610.776599.13661757244

zn/fe 100 ppm

minpHmg/L

03.090.7560.7850.770598.3748095480

103.310.6970.7320.714591.26460132057

303.350.7020.7090.705590.12188928398

603.40.6910.6770.68487.392077196511

1203.350.6980.6420.6785.614525139713

2403.530.6660.6890.677586.566785170112

zn/fe

pH

min


pH

Zn/FeZn

zn/fe

pH

min


pH

Zn/FeZn

ni/fe100 ppm

minpHmg/Lg/L

02.980.8030.8090.806102.88217369220.000.1028821737202.22390700030

103.470.5870.6070.59776.345860843125.790.0763458608149.406115744326.1184703824

303.540.5590.5570.55871.394108684630.610.0713941087139.550164265930.992251937

603.940.4480.4570.452557.99898425643.630.0579989843112.888551933344.176455886

1204.190.4190.4030.41152.729812087448.750.0527298121102.400808693549.3626593352

2404.560.3380.3560.34744.603859827356.650.044603859886.226939600757.360659835

Cr moleFe moleNi moleFe moleNi moleFeNiCr/Fe Ni

0.00019785030.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.23

0.0001468190.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.17

0.00013729640.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.16

0.00011153650.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.13

0.00010140350.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.12

0.00008577670.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.10

0.00011250.0030.0375

ni/fe cmc 100 ppm

minpHmg/Lg/L

03.090.7950.8220.8085103.19959370240.000.1031995937202.85569876170

103.30.7370.7260.731593.42305738959.470.0934230574183.39651250959.592624891

303.460.6970.7080.702589.740985271713.040.0897409853176.067728076813.2054316681

603.510.6910.70.695588.852209243313.900.0888522092174.298711144814.0774884764

1203.730.6680.6890.678586.693753174215.990.0866937532170.00252716716.1953407251

2404.050.6290.6410.63581.170644997521.350.081170645159.009350518121.6145508907


0.00019846080.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.23

0.00017965970.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.21

0.00017257880.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.20

0.00017086960.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.20

0.00016671880.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.19

0.00015609740.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.18

ni/fe cmc 100 ppm

minpHmg/Lg/L

03.020.8550.8410.848108.21482986290.000.1082148299212.83800859240

103.670.7620.7270.744595.073641442412.140.0950736414186.681829668912.2892424602

303.860.7570.7640.760597.105129507410.270.0971051295190.725296942110.3894561862

604.120.7510.730.740594.565769426112.610.0945657694185.670962850612.7641890287

1204.860.7150.6550.68587.519045200619.120.0875190452171.645185746819.3540726668

2405.420.6940.6660.6886.884205180319.710.0868842052170.381602223919.9477558775


0.00020810540.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.24

0.00018283390.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.21

0.00018674060.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.21

0.00018185720.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.21

0.00016830590.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.19

0.0001670850.00089285710.0008470.00044642860.00042350.00086990.19

min


Ni Fe

Cr/Fe Ni

Cr/Fe Ni 1%CMC

Cr/Fe Ni 1%CMC

min

Fe/Ni

pH

min


Ni Fe1 %CMC

00

0.20.093

0.40.169

0.60.239

0.80.313

10.408

5%3y = 0.3957x + 0.0058


03.10.4540.4440.449112.004043467300.11200404350.00021539240.00357142860.0603098696

103.480.2620.2590.260564.36694465542.53158844770.06436694470.00012378260.00357142860.034659124

303.560.2390.2440.241559.565327268146.81859205780.05956532730.00011454870.00357142860.0320736378

603.730.2320.2290.230556.785443517849.30054151620.05678544350.00010920280.00357142860.0305767773

1203.750.2030.2030.20349.83573414255.50541516250.04983573410.0000958380.00357142860.0268346261

2403.790.2260.2210.223555.016426585850.87996389890.05501642660.00010580080.00357142860.0296242297

5%3 min

minpH3 minmg/Lg/LCr moleFe moleCr/Fe

3.030.4540.4440.449112.004043467300.11200404350.00021539240.00357142860.0603098696

03.790.2810.2860.283570.179428860237.34205776170.07017942890.00013496040.00357142860.0377889232

104.010.2610.2580.259564.114227950542.75722021660.0641142280.00012329660.00357142860.0345230458

304.180.2380.2370.237558.554460449847.72111913360.05855446040.00011260470.00357142860.0315293249

604.310.2230.2230.22354.890068233550.99277978340.05489006820.00010555780.00357142860.0295561906

1204.620.2170.2040.210551.731109426353.81317689530.05173110940.00009948290.00357142860.0278552128

2405.110.2070.2080.207550.972959312654.49007220220.05097295930.00009802490.00357142860.0274469781

5%3 min0.1 g


3.150.436108.718726307800.10871872630.00020907450.00357142860.0585408526

03.430.1140.1080.11126.585797321275.54625755460.02658579730.00005112650.00357142860.0143154293

104.940.080.0770.078518.372504422583.10088331010.01837250440.00003533170.00357142860.009892887

304.350.0680.0670.067515.592620672285.65783356580.01559262070.00002998580.00357142860.0083960265

604.840.0510.0530.05211.675511751389.26080892610.01167551180.00002245290.00357142860.006286814

1205.350.0380.0390.03858.263836239692.39888423990.00826383620.0000158920.00357142860.004449758

2405.710.0350.0370.0367.632044478192.9800092980.00763204450.0000146770.00357142860.0041095624

5%3 min0.15 g


3.110.425105.938842557500.10593884260.00020372850.00357142860.0570439921

03.440.0960.0990.097523.174121809578.1250.02317412180.00004456560.00357142860.0124783733

104.650.0720.070.07116.477129138284.44656488550.01647712910.00003168680.00357142860.0088723003

305.40.0550.060.057513.065453626587.66698473280.01306545360.00002512590.00357142860.0070352443

605.950.0370.0360.03657.758402830492.67652671760.00775840280.000014920.00357142860.0041776015

1206.430.0170.0180.01752.956785443597.20896946560.00295678540.00000568610.00357142860.0015921152

2406.120.0110.0130.0121.566843568498.52099236640.00156684360.00000301320.00357142860.000843685

2400.160.389689158599.63215648850.00038968920.00000074940.00357142860.0002098326

5%3 min0.2 g


3.020.43107.202426080400.10720242610.00020615850.00357142860.0577243833

02.430.0360.0410.03858.263836239692.29137199430.00826383620.0000158920.00357142860.004449758

102.880.0120.0110.01151.440485216198.65629420080.00144048520.00000277020.00357142860.0007756459

30

60

120

240

303.250.2050.503411675599.53041018390.00050341170.00000096810.00357142860.0002710678

5%3 min0.2 g re


3.110.39698.610058124800.09861005810.00018963470.00357142860.0530977236

02.830.040.0340.0377.884761182792.00410046130.00788476120.0000151630.00357142860.0042456406

103.180.0130.0150.0142.072276977597.89851358280.0020722770.00000398510.00357142860.0011158414

304.470.010.0070.00850.682335102499.30804715530.00068233510.00000131220.00357142860.0003674112

300.6961.74425069598.23116350590.00174425070.00000335430.00357142860.0009392119

5%3 min0.2 g Fe Ni

minpH 0.2 g Fe Nimg/Lg/LCr moleFe moleNi moleFe moleNi moleFeNiCr/Fe Ni 5%CMC

3.320.448111.751326762700.11175132680.00021490640.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0617435424

02.840.1280.1280.12830.88198129972.36544549980.03088198130.00005938840.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0170625529

104.610.0810.0810.08119.00429618482.99412030760.01900429620.00003654670.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0105000325

305.750.0540.0570.055512.560020217388.76074174580.01256002020.00002415390.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0069395162

606.20.0370.0370.0377.884761182792.94436906380.00788476120.0000151630.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0043563965

1206.60.0160.0140.0152.324993682197.91949344190.00232499370.00000447110.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0012845784

2406.980.0060.0050.0055-0.0758150114100.0678426052-0.000075815-0.00000014580.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.0034806295-0.0000418884

2400.2930.725802375599.35052012660.00072580240.00000139580.00357142860.00338983050.00178571430.00169491530.00348062950.0004010119

44.99528492523.79

53.3477030854.29

58.06277785264.6

63.58615115185.09

70.72612151425.75

3 min

pH3 min

pH

Reactiom Time (min)


pH

5 %CMC

0.1 g

0.15 g

0.2 g

pH 0.1 g

pH 0.15 g

pH 0.2 g

Reactiom Time (min)


pH

5 %CMC

0.1 g

0.15 g

0.2 g

Reactiom Time (min)

5 %CMC

0.2 g re

0.2 g Fe Ni

pH 0.2 g

pH 0.2 g Fe Ni

Reactiom Time (min)


pH

5 %CMC

C/C0LNC/C01/A

07.88476118270.0804567468-2.52003554630.1268269231

102.07227697750.0211456834-3.85631948680.4825609756

300.68233510240.0069626031-4.96720186811.4655555556

C098

CMC*Cr6+(100 mg/L)(100 ml) pH 30.05 g

Cr6+

Chart1

22.494761493931.548055759432.221945757730.75298210743.493.453.243.36

32.355478861140.352164343437.447126150837.33846918494.053.583.173.37

38.148650314347.566642210839.810898233440.63121272374.263.743.233.34

42.216196228350.562484715143.854192585242.0601391654.13.773.263.36

45.174411438449.767669356842.610102015442.74353876744.183.763.243.39

1% 40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

1% 40 100 bar

1%50 100 bar

1%50 150 bar

1%60 150 bar

Reaction Time (min)


pH

cmc

1%1%


03.023.065000.789100.720.69954.620.10072371760.00019369950.00089285710.22

103.303.364750.56972.790.56944.3827.7318.746.360.07279075670.00013998220.00089285710.16

303.783.424130.45358.060.52240.6842.3525.5211.900.05806246830.00011165860.00089285710.13

604.053.553850.34944.860.50539.3455.4627.9719.440.04485779580.0000862650.00089285710.10

1204.263.623360.29237.620.46636.2762.6533.6020.540.03762061960.00007234730.00089285710.08

2404.594.483590.24231.270.27821.4768.9560.705.830.03127221940.00006013890.00089285710.07

5%5%


03.034990.73894.250.09424834940.00018124680.00089285710.20

3850.40451.8445.000.05184103610.00009969430.00089285710.11

103.793510.34243.9753.350.04396901980.00008455580.00089285710.09

304.293380.30739.5358.060.03952513970.00007600990.00089285710.09

604.603020.26634.3263.590.03431945150.00006599890.00089285710.07

1205.092880.21327.5970.730.02759014730.0000530580.00089285710.06

2405.75

15%15%


03.054950.797101.740.10173946170.00019565280.00089285710.22

103.594740.53868.8532.320.06885474860.0001324130.00089285710.15

303.714490.48762.3838.690.06237938040.00011996030.00089285710.13

603.693980.44957.5543.430.05755459620.00011068190.00089285710.12

1204.263440.3646.2554.540.04625444390.00008895090.00089285710.10

2404.603120.31140.0360.650.04003301170.00007698660.00089285710.09

30%30%


02.875390.792101.103.130.8120.6770.7495.07364144240.09507364140.00018283390.000.20

103.464630.2329.7570.583.70.5470.5370.5469.362620619627.040.06936262060.00013338970.000.15

303.573900.08110.8389.295.10.4160.4130.4153.174200101644.070.05317420010.00010225810.000.11

603.943350.0243.5996.455.730.3090.2880.3038.445911630359.560.03844591160.00007393440.000.08

1204.852270.0041.0598.966.120.2490.2580.2532.732351447465.570.03273235140.00006294680.000.07

2405.271460.0071.4398.586.710.2120.2060.2127.082275266671.510.02708227530.00005208130.000.06

1%1%


03.024800.78199.710.09970797360.00019174610.00089285710.21

103.574300.51565.9333.870.06593448450.00012679710.00089285710.14

303.803940.40251.5948.260.05158710010.0000992060.00089285710.11

603.833860.3950.0649.790.0500634840.00009627590.00089285710.11

1203.803820.38649.5650.300.0495556120.00009529930.00089285710.11

2403.763600.39150.1949.660.0501904520.00009652010.00089285710.11

5%5%


03.025200.803102.500.10250126970.00019711780.00089285710.22

103.384930.65984.2217.840.08421787710.00016195750.00089285710.18

303.344750.62579.9022.050.0799009650.00015365570.00089285710.17

603.424540.55971.5230.220.07152107670.00013754050.00089285710.15

1203.444380.5671.6530.100.07164804470.00013778470.00089285710.15

2403.604180.51565.9335.670.06593448450.00012679710.00089285710.14

15%15%


02.974860.72792.850.09285170140.0001785610.00089285710.20

103.115210.69989.303.830.08929659730.00017172420.00089285710.19

303.155320.68988.035.200.08802691720.00016928250.00089285710.19

603.185360.66685.118.340.08510665310.00016366660.00089285710.18

1203.105320.65984.229.300.08421787710.00016195750.00089285710.18

2403.085370.65683.849.710.08383697310.00016122490.00089285710.18

30%30%


03.040.77598.950.09894616560.00019028110.00089285710.21

103.520.64582.4416.680.0824403250.00015853910.00089285710.18

303.750.52166.7032.590.06669629250.00012826210.00089285710.14

603.970.48862.5136.830.06250634840.00012020450.00089285710.13

1204.430.44757.3042.090.05730066020.00011019360.00089285710.12

2404.600.40451.8447.610.05184103610.00009969430.00089285710.11

cmc

min


1%

pH

ORP

0.02~0.05

min


5%

cmc

pH

ORP

zn fe

min


15%

fe ni

pH

ORP

20120411

min


30%

pH

ORP

1

min


1%

min


5%

min


15%

pH

min


pH

30%

pH

ORP

pH

ORP

pH

ORP

1%

5%

15%

30%

1%

5%

15%

30%

min


100 ppm 100 mL

1%

5%

15%

30%

Reactiom Time(min)


1%

5%

15%

30%

Reactiom Time(min)


0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

5%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

15%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

30%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

1%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr/Fe

min

Cr/Fe mole

5%

0

10

30

60

120

240

Cr

利用超臨界流體搭配 CMC...

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