Classification is the grouping of living organisms according to similar structures and functions.
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Transcript of Classification is the grouping of living organisms according to similar structures and functions.
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Biological Diversity
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Classification is the grouping of living organisms according to similar structures and functions
Classification
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Aristotle grouped animals according to the way they moved
Today’s system developed by Carolus Linnaeus Organization of Biological Diversity:
◦ Domain (often not even used)◦ Kingdom◦ Phylum◦ Class◦ Order◦ Family◦ Genus◦ Species
History of Classification
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A taxonomic category that is based on fundamental differences among organisms
Three main domains:◦ Bacteria◦ Archaea◦ Eukarya
Domain
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Taxonomic category made up of related phyla
Six kingdoms currently recognized for living organisms◦ Bacteria◦ Archaea◦ Protista◦ Plantae◦ Animalia◦ Fungi
Kingdom
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Prokaryotes (lack nucleus) Unicellular (one cell) Heterotrophic (most)-eat other organisms for
energy All bacteria are in the same domain and kingdom,
which is not true for a lot of organisms! Examples: E. Coli, Streptococcus
Bacteria
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Prokaryotes Unicellular Live in extreme environments Ex: Sulfolobus acidocaldarius(grow in
volcanos), Methanogens (produce methane)
Archaea
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Eukaryotes (contain nuclei) Multicellular (multiple cells making up
organism) Four kingdoms in this domain
◦ Protista◦ Animalia◦ Fungi◦ Plantae
Eukarya
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Mainly unicellular Heterotrophic or Photosynthetic (use light
as energy) Ex: Protozoa, slime molds
Protista
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Heterotrophic Contain a nervous system Ex: Us!!, Fish, Bats, Snakes (lots of
examples!)
Animalia
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Heterotrophic Absorb nutrients Contain cell walls of chitin (distinguishes
them from plants!) Ex: mushrooms, truffles
“The latest auction was for two truffles weighing just under 3 lbs total. $330,000 was paid for the fungal delicacy.”
Fungi
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Photosynthetic Cell walls made with cellulose Ex: Trees, Mosses, Ferns
Plantae
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Now that we know how living organisms are organized, let’s look at the differences in the microscope!
While looking at the samples, I would like you to note:◦ Differences between organisms/cells in different
kingdoms◦ Differences in organisms/cells in similar kingdoms◦ Common features in plant slides
This Kingdom will be our focus for this class!