+ Chapter 6 The Revolution Within. + Democratizing Freedom The Dream of Equality Three levels:...

+

Chapter 6The Revolution Within

+Democratizing Freedom

The Dream of Equality Three levels:

Struggle for National Independence Phase in a century long battle among European empires

Conflict over what kind of nation an independent America would be!

Revolution’s Leaders: American elite and though the lower classes did not seize power Idea of Freedom became a revolutionary rallying cry


Expanding the Political Nation Meanings of Democracy:

Aristotle* Entire people governed directly

Condition of primitive societies Government served the interests of the people rather than the elite

In the wake of the American Revolution, Democracy came to mean greater equality inspired by the struggle fro independence!

Pg. 223. GML*


The Revolution in Pennsylvania Different in PA than any other state! Almost all leadership was OPPOSED to revolution! Attacked barriers to freedom

Property qualifications for voting One- house legislature Abolished the governors office! Freedom of speech, writing and religious liberty

New State Constitutions!


The Right to Vote

Democratizing Government

+Toward Religious Toleration

Catholic Americans


The Founders and Religion

Separating Church and State


Jefferson and Religious Liberty


The Revolution and the Churches

A Virtuous Citizenry

+Defining Economic Freedom

Toward Free Labor

The Soul of a Republic

+Defining Economic Freedom

The Politics of Inflation

The Debate over Free Trade

+The Limits of Liberty

Colonial Loyalists

The Loyalists’ Plight

+The Limits of Liberty

The Indians’ Revolution

White Freedom, Indian Freedom

+Warm Up10.8.14

How did the Revolution diminish the freedoms of Native Americans?

+Slavery and the Revolution

African Americans = opportunity to claim freedom!

1776: Slave population = 500, 000 (1/5 of pop) Contradiction of Revolution:

Patriotic newspapers contained arguments against the Stamp Act and slave sale notices in same issue!

The Language of Slavery and Freedom Other than liberty, slavery was word used most often in political writings of the time

+

Obstacles to Abolition Slavery is entrenched in the colonies Nearly every founding father owned slaves at some point

Jefferson +100 slaves

John Locke & the idea of political community Used to defend bondage Gov’t cannot interfere with freedom to self-govern or seize property – including slave property

“If government by the consent of the governed formed the essence of political freedom, then to require owners to give up their slave property would reduce them to slavery.” – GML pg 240


The Cause of General Liberty Revolution leads to questions re: slavery Emerged as a subject of public debate

Petitions for Freedom Many slaves realized the revolutionaries definition of liberty opened door to challenge slave status.

1770s, enslaved blacks in New England petitioned courts and legislatures asking Americans fighting English tyranny to end American tyranny against slaves

In addition, the war offered opportunity to escape


British Emancipators Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation Phillipsburgh Proclamation All told, nearly 100, 000 slaves escaped to British lines

Voluntary Emancipations The Revolution momentarily seemed to threaten the perpetuation of slavery.

In the 1780s, a significant number of slaveholders, especially in Virginia and Maryland, emancipated their slaves. This happened only very rarely in the other southern states.


Abolition in the North

Free Black Communities

+Warm Up10.15.13

Please answer the following question in your binder:

How did the American Revolution affect the status of women?

+Agenda10.15.13 Announcements/ Housekeeping:

Unit 2 Exam – Next Friday, 10/2Review Sheet FRQ 1: Roll Out TOMORROW!

DUE – NEXT Wednesday, 10/23

Women & Religion and the Revolution Notes & Discussion

HW: VOF #37; Benjamin Rush & Female Education

+Daughters of Liberty

Revolutionary Women Contributed greatly to struggle for independence

Protested, made clothing, passed information, and even fought!

Abigail Adams to her husband John - “Remember the Ladies”

Gender and Politics Gender still huge boundary Most men still considered women naturally submissive or irrational

Rights flowed from roles as mothers and wives By definition, the republican citizen was male

+Daughters of Liberty Republican Motherhood

American Rev did improve status of many women Responsibility to “train” future citizens Ruled out direct participation in politics, it did encourage the expansion of

women’s educational opportunities

The Arduous Struggle for Liberty Changed ALL Americans’ lives

Right to vote expanded On other hand – Indians, Loyalists, and slaves lost freedom

Inspired other fights for national independence and social equality: French Revolution Haitian Revolution

However; the meaning of freedom within the United States continued long after independence had been won.

+Additional Art for Chapter 6

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd EditionCopyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company

Americans have frequently defined the ideaof freedom in relation to its opposite


John Dickinson’s copy of the Pennsylvaniaconstitution of 1776


View from Bushongo Tavern, an engraving fromThe Columbian Magazine,


A broadside printed by the extra legal Philadelphiaprice-control committee


A cartoon depicting a British officer buying thescalps of patriots from Indians.


Portrait of John and Elizabeth Lloyd Cadwalader andTheir Daughter Anne.

Norton Lecture Slides Independent and Employee-Owned

Give Me Liberty!AN AMERICAN HISTORY

THIRD EDITION

This concludes the Norton Lecture SlidesSlide Set for Chapter 6

by

Eric Foner

+ Chapter 6 The Revolution Within. + Democratizing Freedom The Dream of Equality Three levels:...

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