PURPOSES OF THE ARTSWHY do humans express

themselves using the Arts?

PURPOSES of MUSIC

Ceremonial› Music created or performed for rituals or

celebrations› Indonesian Gamelan Music

Used to summon the gods› Religious and patriotic music › U.S. Armed Forces Medley

Used during Veteran’s/Memorial Day Ceremonies

Armed Forces Graduation Ceremonies

PURPOSES of MUSIC

Recreational› Music for entertainment

Rodrigo y Gabriela› Game songs› Dance music/social events› Music played while exercising› Hobby (such as playing an instrument for

fun)

PURPOSES of MUSIC

Artistic Expression› Music created with the intent to express or

communicate one’s emotions, feelings, ideas, or experience

› Music performed for an audience› More formal than recreational music

Vivaldi – The Four Seasons (Spring, 1st

Movement)

Elements of Music

Rhythm› The placement of sounds in time› Sometimes called “Beat”

Tempo› Speed of the music› Musical speed can change throughout a

piece

Elements of Music

Melody› A grouping of musical notes that creates a

single phrase› The most important sounding line in a

piece of music Harmony

› More than one note sounding at the same time

Elements of Music

Form› Overall plan or structure

Call-and-Response “Shout”

Round “Row, Row, Row Your Boat”

Verse-and-Chorus Most modern songs

› Genres (types) of music tend to follow a pre-set form

Elements of Music

Timbre› Unique quality to sounds› Different instruments create different

sounds while playing the same note› Types of instruments are classified into

groups Strings, Woodwinds, Brass, Percussion

Elements of Music

Dynamics› The loudness of the sounds› Markings are based on Italian words

Forte (f) = Loud Piano (p) = Soft

› Moving from soft sounds to louder sounds is called Crescendo

› Moving from loud to soft sounds is called Decrescendo

Elements of Music

The Grand Staff› Two Staves joined by a brace› Shows Treble and Bass Clef› Clefs indicate Pitch› Each Line and

Space on thestaff indicate aspecific note Treble Clef

› Notes are namedusing the letters Bass ClefA through G

Elements of Music

Treble Clef Notes› Lines

E, G, B, D, F› Spaces

F, A, C, E Ways to Remember

› Every Good Boy Does Fine

› FACE

Bass Clef Notes› Lines

G, B, D, F, A› Spaces

A, C, E, G Ways to Remember

› Good Boys Do Fine Always

› All Cows Eat Grass

Elements of Music

Sharps, Flats, and Naturals› Sharp

Slightly raises the pitch of the note

› Flat Slightly lowers the

pitch of the note› Natural

The pitch that comes naturally to the note

Elements of Music

Chords› Groups of notes (usually in groups of three)

that are built on a “root” note

› C MajorChord

Elements of Music

Whole, Half, Quarter, Eighth Notes› Whole notes are notes that are held out for

four (4) beats› Half Notes are held out for two (2) beats› Quarter Notes are held for one (1) beat› Eighth Notes are held for a half (1/2) beat

Elements of Music

PURPOSES of DANCE

Ceremonial› Dances created or performed for rituals or

celebrations› Dances of Native Americans and West

Africans to celebrate life events› Harvest, rain, war› Religious ritual worship› Eagle Dance

PURPOSES OF DANCE

Recreational› Dancing for recreation (for fun!)› Dancing to support recreational activities› Ballroom, line dancing, aerobic dance,

square dancing Youth Ballroom Dancing

› Dance as a hobby

PURPOSES of DANCE

Artistic Expression› Dance created with the intent to express or

communicate emotion, feelings, ideas, or information

› Dances created and performed in a concert or theatrical setting for an audience

› Ballet, tap, narrative Lyrical Dance

Elements of Dance

Two Types of Movement› Locomotor – the body moves from one

place to another Walking, Sliding, Hopping, Running

› Axial (Non-locomotor) – the body does not move from one place to another; movement is centered on an axis of the body Bending, Stretching, Twisting, Turning

Elements of Dance

Space› The area around the dancer› Where the dancer moves› Where the dancer directs the eye of the

audience Direction of Motion Size of Motion Shape of Motion

Elements of Dance

Time› The use of beat, rhythmic patterns and the

duration of movement Force

› Energy› Movement that is heavy or light, sharp or smooth, has tension or relaxation

› Uses the weight of the body to demonstrate the effects of gravity

PURPOSES of DRAMA/THEATRE

Sharing the human experience› To express or communicate emotion,

feelings, ideas, and information through dramatic works

› Social change, universal themes› Interpret and recreate information, ideas,

and emotions› Human Experience Example

PURPOSES of DRAMA/THEATRE

Passing on tradition and culture› To express or communicate feelings, ideas,

information› Narrative, storytelling, folktales, religious

ritual and ceremony› Often passed down through generations by

rote, or by mouth Henry V Speech

PURPOSES of DRAMA/THEATRE

Recreational› Drama as recreation and for recreational

events› For entertainment, diversion, or festivals› Street Theatre

Artistic Expression› Drama created with the intent to express or

communicate emotion, feelings, ideas, or information

› Works performed in a theatrical setting for an audience

Elements of Drama

Literary Elements› Plot

Exposition, Conflict, Rising Action, Climax, Falling Action, Conclusion

› Character Protagonist,

Antagonist

› Suspense

› Theme Underlying

Meaning or Idea› Language› Style› Monologue› Dialogue› Stage Directions

Elements of Drama Technical Elements

› Scenery Suggests a location

› Sound Music, Sound

Effects› Lights

Creates a mood, Changes audience perception

› Make-up Creates or

enhances character› Costumes

Creates the overall “feel” of a character

› Props Items used by the

actors

Spectacle Example

Elements of Drama

Performance Elements› Acting

The use of Verbal and Nonverbal skills to communicate character

› Communication Delivers the writer’s words and meaning to

the audience

› Acting Example

PURPOSES of VISUAL ARTS

Ceremonial› Artworks created to support worship ceremonies, rituals, or celebrations

Artistic Expression› Artwork to express or communicate

emotion, ideas, feelings› Self expression, to decorate or beautify

objects

PURPOSES of VISUAL ARTS

Narrative› Artworks that tell stories, describe and

illustrate experiences, or communicate information

› Art to document important or historical events

› Dorothea Lange’s photography of the Great Depression era

PURPOSES of VISUAL ARTS

Functional› Artistic objects used in everyday life › Pottery, quilts, baskets, etc.› Crafts

PURPOSES of VISUAL ARTS

Persuasive› Artworks that promote ideas, philosophies,

or products› Advertising, marketing, propaganda,

ideology, etc.

Seven Elements of V.A.

Color› Various hues(types) represent emotional

qualities› Influences the character of the artwork

Line› Directs the eye where to look› Indicates order

Seven Elements of V.A.

Shape› Any two-dimensional image or element

used in the artwork Form

› A three-dimensional object› Creates the illusion of depth on flat

surfaces

Seven Elements of V.A.

Value› Relates to the lightness or darkness of

color in an artwork› Used to define the form of objects that are

created in the artwork

Seven Elements of V.A.

Texture› The feel or touch of a surface

Space› The perception of depth› Brings perspective to the artwork