KINESIOLOGY

INTRODUCTION also known as human kinetics scientific study of human movement addresses physiological, mechanical,

and psychological mechanisms

Kinesiology means ‘the study of movement’. It describes a form of therapy that uses muscle

monitoring (biofeedback) to look at what may be causing ‘imbalances’ in the body.

WHO INVENTED KINESIOLOGY? The study of kinesiology cannot really

be attributed to one specific person. It is thought to date back to Aristotle and his studies of the human muscular system, but many anatomical thinkers and doctors have contributed to its development over the years.

APPLICATIONS biomechanics and orthopedics; strength; sport psychology; methods of rehabilitation, such as

physical and occupational therapy; sport and exercise.

kinesiology

traditional applied specialis

ed

TRADITIONAL KINESIOLOGY mechanical use of muscle monitoring (or

muscle testing) as a means of determining a patient's physical condition. It is primarily used by sports therapists, physiotherapists and exercise physiologists.

APPLIED KINESIOLOGY used by chiropractors, osteopaths, some

medical doctors and even some dentists. It is primarily used for pain relief, but is said to have many other benefits as well.

SPECIALISED KINESIOLOGY used by practitioners and the general

public There are now dozens of different

specialised techniques Some of them require extensive

training, while others require training in just one or a few basic muscle testing techniques

Specialised kinesiology is used for the treatment of many diseases and psychological problems

PRINCIPLES Adaptation through exercise Neuroplasticity

Adaptive plasticityMaladaptive plasticity

• Motor redundancy

ADAPTATION THROUGH EXERCISE

key principle of kinesiology relates to improved fitness in

athletes as well as health and wellness in clinical populations

improve neuromotor control and motor capabilities in both normal and pathological populations

Exercise is a simple and established intervention

for many movement

disorders and musculoskeletal conditions

different types of exercise interventions can be applied in kinesiology to athletic, normal, and clinical populationsAerobic exercise interventions help to

improve cardiovascular enduranceAnaerobic strength training programs can

increase muscular strength, power, and lean body mass.

Decreased risk of falls and increased neuromuscular control can be attributed to balance intervention programs

Flexibility programs can increase functional range of motion and reduce the risk of injury

USES OF ATE can reduce symptoms of depression and

risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases

improve quality of life, sleeping habits, immune system function

NEUROPLASTICITY a key scientific principle used in

kinesiology to describe how movement and changes in the brain are related

The human brain adapts and acquires new motor skills based on this principle, which includes both adaptive and maladaptive brain changes

ADAPTIVE PLASTICITY significant impact of physical activity on

brain function; for example, greater amounts of physical

activity are associated with enhanced cognitive function in older adults

The effects of physical activity can be distributed throughout the whole brain, such as higher gray matter density and white matter integrity after exercise training, and/or on specific brain areas, such as greater activation in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus

Adaptive plasticity along with practice in three levels.

In behavior level, performance (e.g., successful rate, accuracy) improved after practice

In cortical level, motor representation areas of the acting muscles enlarged; functional connectivity between primary motor cortex (M1) and supplementary motor area (SMA) is strengthened

In neuronal level, the number of dendrites and neurotransmitter increase with practice

MALADAPTIVE PLASTICITY Movement abnormalities may occur

among individuals with and without brain injuries due to abnormal remodeling in central nervous system

There are many types of therapies that are designed to overcome maladaptive plasticity in clinic and research, such as

constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT),

body weight support treadmill training (BWSTT) and virtual reality therapy

MOTOR REDUNDANCY for any task the human body can

perform, there are effectively an unlimited number of ways the nervous system could achieve that task.

WHO NEEDS KINESIOLOGY? Anatomists, coaches, strength specialists, personal trainers, nurses, physical educators, physical therapists, physicians, athletic trainers, massage therapists & others in health-

related fields

WHY KINESIOLOGY? should have an adequate knowledge &

understanding of all large muscle groups to teach others how to strengthen, improve, & maintain these parts of human body

should not only know how & what to do in relation to conditioning & training but also know why specific exercises are done in conditioning & training of athletes

KINESIOLOGISTS may treat a range of disorders including stress, muscular disorders, nervous disorders, allergies, nutritional deficiencies, emotional problems and learning and

behavioural difficulties.

WORKS IN; Research the fitness industry clinical settings industrial environments

WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF KINESIOLOGY? learning difficulties, brain function, pain relief, insomnia, depression, relationship problems, hormonal disorders, structural problems (back aches), addictions, fear and phobias and a variety of other

conditions.

KINESIOLOGIST VS PHYSIOTHERAPIST

Kinesiologist

focuses in the study of human movementHis area of study is to speculate the various mechanical elements involved within human movement.Kinesiologists study the entire musculosketeal system and the various complicated ways in which it works.

Physiotherapis

t

the physiotherapist treats patients who suffer from reduced physical fitness and locomotion due to an accident, illness, injury or aging.Physiotherapy or physical therapy is basically a profession of providing health care services to patients for development and restoration of functional ability.

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