About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot...
-
Upload
dulcie-willis -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot...
![Page 1: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves.
Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.
Birds of prey have notched beaks and sharp talons.
Shorebirds have long slender bills and long legs.
Waterfowl have webbed toes and broad bills.
![Page 4: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The only modern (extant) animals to have feathers. Feathers are composed of keratin, and occur as two types.
1. Contour feathers overlap to produce a broad, flat . lifting surface. 2. Down feathers provide excellent insulation . against loss of body heat.
Birds are homeothermic; they have ability to maintain a constant, relatively high body temperature.
Homeothermy enables an animal to be continuously active in cold weather.
Feathers serve for insulation and for flight.
![Page 5: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Keeled breastbone anchors muscles used in flight.
Respiratory air sacs are extensive to gain maximum oxygen for flight, using a one-way flow of air,
Air sacs maximize gas exchange and oxygenation of blood.
The wishbone (clavicle and ribs are fused together) stabilizes the shoulder joint and prevent collapse of shoulder during flight
![Page 6: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6 Characteristics of Birds
Endothermic (warm blooded)
Vertebrates (Hollow Bones!)
4 Chamber Heart
All Have Feathers
All Lay Eggs
Have Scales on Feet and Legs
![Page 7: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Aves
Their nearly hollow bones ( honey combed) provide lightweight strength.
Birds possess a four-chambered heart; a double-loop circulatory system separates oxygenated blood
![Page 8: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Birds
Characteristics: Have feathers Lay eggs Have bodies specially adapted for
flight Have a beak rather than teeth Very acute vision and excellent muscle
reflexes
![Page 9: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Types of Feathers
• Contour: A large feather/gives
shape to birds body• Down: Short fluffy/traps heat
keeps the
bird warm
![Page 10: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
How do birds fly?• The top has less “air pressure” and this produces
an UPWARD force
• (This is called lift!)
![Page 12: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Science of Bird Flight
![Page 13: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Birds who do NOT fly!
• Penguins
• Ostriches
• Emus
![Page 14: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
There are more fake flamingos in the world than real flamingos.
![Page 15: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Characteristics: Have teeth differentiation Have hair Are warm blooded
(endothermic) Have a single jaw bone Have inner ear bones Produce milk for their young
![Page 16: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Are Dioecious Most are viviparous ( bear living
young and nourished by mother) Some are oviparous: lay eggs that
develop outside mom
![Page 17: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Mammals have larger brains and seem to be the most capable learners.
Have a 4 chambered heart and a double-loop circulatory system
Mammalian mothers nourish their babies with milk (mammary glands)
![Page 18: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
About 4,500 species of mammals belong to class Mammalia
The 3 major groups of extant Mammals are:
1. Monotremes 2. Marsupials 3. Placental mammals
![Page 19: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Mammals That Lay Eggs Examples include the duckbill platapus and spiney anteater
![Page 20: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Every evolutionists worst nightmare – impossible to explain!
![Page 21: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Mammals That Have Pouches Marsupials begin development
inside the mother's body but are then born in a very immature state.
Newborns crawl up into a pouch on their mother's abdomen.
Inside a pouch they attach to nipples of mother's mammary glands and develop
![Page 23: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Opossum:
American
Marsupial
![Page 25: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
– The Kangaroo, which is a non-placental mammal.
Here, the development of the young is very complex, and a baby kangaroo is born very “uncooked”, and must crawl into the mother’s pouch and latch onto a nipple to receive milk to continue development.
![Page 26: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Kangaroo Birth
17 Weeks
![Page 27: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Mammals That Have Placentas Placenta supplies nutrients to
and removes wastes from blood of developing offspring
Placenta enables young to be born in a relatively advanced stage of development
Young have long period of dependency on parents after birth
![Page 28: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The Placenta is Key
![Page 29: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
based on mode of locomotion and method of obtaining food.
![Page 31: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
I. Order Perissodactyla (horses, zebras, tapirs, and rhinoceroses) odd toed ungulates
II. Order Artiodactyla (pigs, cattle, deer, buffaloes, giraffes) even toed ungulates
III. Order Carnivora (Meat eaters, tigers, wolves, etc.)
IV. Order Primates (lemurs, monkeys, apes, man)
V. Order Cetacea (dolphins, whales)VI. Order Chiroptera (bats)VII.Order Rodentia (rats, mice, squirrels,
beavers, porcupines)VIII.Order Proboscidea (elephants,
mammoths)IX. Order Lagomorpha (rabbits, hares,
pikas)X. Order Xenarthran ( sloth, anteaters,
armadillos)
![Page 32: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Baby GiraffeSix Feet Tall
![Page 37: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Hippo milk is pink
![Page 38: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
270 species are in order Carnivora. a. Meat-eaters including the dogs, cats, raccoons, bears & skunks.
![Page 39: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63Ch2pNkZwU
![Page 42: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
contains 180 species of lemurs, monkeys, gibbons, chimpanzees, gorillas, and humans.
![Page 43: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
includes about 80 species of whales and dolphins.
![Page 44: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
The heart of a blue whale is so big, a human can swim through the
arteries.
![Page 45: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
contains 925 species of nocturnal bats.
![Page 46: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Don’t forget that bats use sonar to fly in total darkness!
• Then remember that no mutation ever produces new genetic information.
• Therefore, bats must have been created from the beginning with the ability to fly.
![Page 48: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
mice, rats, squirrels, beavers, and
porcupines). This is largest order with 1,760 species.
![Page 49: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
. Only two extant species are in order Proboscidea: the elephants and mamoths.
Upper lip and nose are elongated and muscularized forming a prehensile trunk.
They are herbivores and are largest living land mammals.
![Page 50: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
65 species of rabbits, hares, and pikas. Their hind legs are longer than their front legs
![Page 51: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Most of the mammals in this order have simple teeth without enamel, and a few have no teeth at all.
![Page 52: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
. Armadillos nearly always give birth to identical quadruplets.
![Page 53: About 9,000 species of birds are in the class Aves. Bird classification is based on beak and foot types, and some habitats and behaviors.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070323/56649da65503460f94a91d0e/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
In biology: Hybrid (biology),
the offspring resulting from
cross-breeding of different plants or
animals.