ΑΠΕΙΛΟΥΜΕΝΑ ΕΙΔΗ (a)
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ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΔΥΤΙΚΗΣ ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑΣ ΠΑΙΔΑΓΩΓΙΚΟ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΔΗΜΟΤΙΚΗΣ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗΣ Απειλούμενα είδη ΥΠΕΥΘΥΝΟΣ ΚΑΘΗΓΗΤΗΣ: Σ.Π.ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ΜΑΘΗΜΑ: ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΟΝΤΙΚΗ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗ ΟΝΟΜΑ ΦΟΙΤΗΤΡΙΑΣ: ΤΣΙΓΓΕΝΗ ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΗ Α.Μ. 2271 ΑΚΑΔΗΜΑΪΚΟ ΕΤΟΣ 2008-2009 Δ’ ΕΞΑΜΗΝΟ
Transcript of ΑΠΕΙΛΟΥΜΕΝΑ ΕΙΔΗ (a)
: .. : : .. 2271
2008-2009
.................................................... 3 : 1.1 ........................................... 4 1.2 ........................... 5 1.3 .................................... 7
: 2.1 . . . .. 9 ............................. ........................................................................ ................................................... ........................................................................ ......................................................................... 2.2 ......................... 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.5 9 12 13 14 15 16
: 3.1 ......................................... 22
3.1.1 IUCN.......................................................................... 22 3.1.2 WWF.......................................................................... 22 3.1.3 Greenpeace............................................................... 23 3.2 . 23 3.2.1 ......................................................................... 23 3.2.2 Mom.......................................................................... 24 3.2.3 .............................................................................................. 25 3.2.4 ................................................................ 26 3.3 .............................. 27 3.3.1 ...................... 27 3.3.2 ...................................................... 28
: Project
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4
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. . 19 . , , , . . , . . . , , , project . , , , . , . IUCN. . . , . , .
1.1 . , - - . - , , , . , 10 . , . , 1 4 , 1 400 . , , , , , , 65 , . , 1 , 30.000 , 500 90 , , . 2/3 .1
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1.2 , , , . IUCN . IUCN 4 , 16.928 , 2.7% 1.8 . , . , . , , 38% 28% . , , , . , . , , , . 17% 1045 , 12.4% . 27% , 20% 17% . 27.5% , 11.8% . 1/3 , . , , , 28% 52% . , , . 2008:
) 22% , 63% 15% . ) 76 1500. ) (670), (648). (551) (523) 500 . ) (184). 100 . 20 . (96), (74) (70). , : (64%), Reunion (43%) (39%).2
Legend Key Red List Category Extinct (EX) Extinct in the Wild (EW) Critically Endangered (CR)
Number of species 76 2 188
Percentage in category 1.4 0.04 3.4 8.2 9.2 5.9 56.7 15.2
Endangered (EN) 448 Vulnerable (VU) 505 Near Threatened (NT) 323 Least Concern (LC) 3,109 Data Deficient (DD) 836 TOTAL 5,487 1: IUCN 2008
1.3 2
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, , . . 4 , , . 17.000 , , , . 30% , 51% 41% .3 IUCN Climate change: Pushing Species to the Brink 14/10/2008 4 , , , , , , . . , , , . 10 , . , . , 60 . . , , .
. , , , , , . .3 4
IUCN- Wildlife crisis worse than economic, www.iucn.org, 2/7/2009 www.sciencedaily.com
, . , , .5
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, , 2006, 2007 2008 IUCN. .
2.1 2.1.1 ) : : Ailuropoda melanoleuka : : 2.500 . . . , . , , . , . . 2005 50 , 2.5 - 45% - 60% .6
)6
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( Ursus maritimus) 2006. , 50 100 . 30% 45 . , , , . ) (Hippopotamus amphibious). 7 20% 1994. . . . ) (Pusa caspica) . 90% 100 , . 2005 60%. . )
(Loxodonta Africana) 37 , , , . . 25% 1979 2007. ) ( Delphinus Delphis) , 50% 30-45 . , , . ) ( Eschrichtius robustus) () 50 . .
2.1.2
) ( Psittacula eques) Reunion. . 1970 1980 10 . , 16-22 1993-94, 59-73 1998. 2000 106126 . ) (Neophron percnopterus) , , . 2007 (>50% ) , . . , Diclofenac . . ) ( Nesoenas mayeri) Ile aux Aigrettes . , 1990 10. , . 2000, 365 375 4 . 2004, 359 395. Macaque Macaca, Herpestes
auropunctatus, . .
2.1.3 ) ( Crocodylus rhombifer) , . , . . . ) Iberolacerta cyreni . . . . ) O Black-eared Mantella (Mantella milotympanum) - Fierenana. , .
2.1.4
) ( Anguilla Anguilla) . 1980 90% , . , , Anguillicola crassus, , , . . ) ( Carcharinus longimanus) , . . . ) (Squatina squatina) , . . 50 . .
2.1.5 )
( Scilla morrisii) . 600 . , . , .
2.1.6 ) Floreana ( Tubastraea floreana) . 1983 , . , El Nino 1982-83, 1990 Cousins, . 2001. El Nino, . ) Wellington ( Rhizopsammia wellington), , 1984. , , El Nino.7
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2.2 A) . - . , 15 400 . . : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Bovidae : Rupicapra : 110-130 : 14-62 ) (Lutra lutra) 13 . , , . . , . : . , .. , . 1 2 .
, . , . : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Lutra : 55-110 : 5-12 : -, , , .8 )
( Canis lupus), 1991 , (Canidae) . 54 . . 15 . . . . , , , , , , , . , .
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, 500-700 , , . 30. : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Canis : 100-160 : 15-80 : . , 1979 . . 92/43/., 39 . : . (1980) . (1991) . (1980) . (1969) , .
1. . 2. . 3. . 4. - ,
. 5. . 6. , . 7. , , .
)
( Ursus arctos) 35 . 60% 50% , . , , , . , 180, , , . : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Ursidae : Ursus : 1,70-2.20
: 60-250 ( )
( , , ) . , , , . .9
)
Monachus monachus . . . 18 . . . , 15.000 ( ), . 9
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, . . 70-80 .10
)
7 . IUCN. , (Caretta caretta), ( Chelonia mydas), ( Dermochelys coriacea). , . , ,
. , , , . . . , , . . 1980 1981, , , , . , ( , (cites), , , .. ) .11
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, , , 14/12/1997 11 , , , 14/12/1997
3.1 3.1.1 IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) (IUCN) . , , , , , . IUCN - 1000 , 11.000 160 . IUCN 1000 60 , . , , . 1948 , , , .12
3.1.2 WWF (World Wildlife Fund) 45 , WWF . 100 1.2 5 . , : . .
WWF : , :12
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1. 2. 3. 13
3.1.3 Greenpeace
1970, Jim Bohlen, Irving Stowe Paul Cote (Dont Make a Wave) . 12 ... Amchitka . , , . 1971 , Greenpeace, , . : . -, , , , , . 1989 . Greenpeace 42 , . 3.000.000 158 .14
3.2
3.2.1 () 1983 . 13 14
www.worldwildlife.org www.greenpeace.org
caretta caretta (, ). , , .. 300 . . , .15
3.2.2 Mom Mom- , , 1988 , . , . () Mom , , , Erasmus Rotterdam, . monachus monachus . . , , , .16
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, , , 14/12/1997 16 www.Mom.gr
- Mom.gr
3.2.3
. . 1984 1990, . 3500
, . , , , . / . 1992 . , , , . , , .17
3.2.4
, 1992 , , , , ,
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3.3
3.3.1 : , , , , , , . , , . . , , , . , , .19
-
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(IUCN) :18 19
www.arcturos.gr , , 1998,.74
/ , . , Natura 2000 .20
3.3.2 1872 Yellowstone . , , , , . . , . , . , , . , , . , 1911 , , . , , . , . 2002, 44.000 , IUCN, 10% . , 1938 . 1986 1650/1986 . , 1650 . 1650 : 20
. , ., ., . , ., : , , 2003
, 236 27.228 2. (20,6% ).21
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www.iucn.org www.worldwildlilife.org www.arcturos.gr www.sciencedaily.com www.greenpeace.org
10. www.Mom.gr 11. www.ekpazp.gr
