A series of scientific developments that transformed the views of society & nature Beginning of...
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A series of scientific developments that transformed the views of society & nature Beginning of modern science
Introduction of the Scientific Method: Depends upon logic, observation, and reason rather than faith
Created the technologies and techniques that built the modern world
Created new model of our solar system
Science was based almost entirely on reasoning and connected to Church beliefs
• Experimental method or observation wasn’t used at all
• Science in medieval times• Alchemy – form of chemistry that was concerned with transforming metals into gold• Astrology – belief that there is a relationship between astronomical phenomenon & human events
Rise of Universities• Contact with non-
Western societies• The Renaissance
Rediscovery of classical science
• Exploration
Leading figures– Bacon– Copernicus– Descartes– Galileo– Kepler– Newton
LEADING FIGURE OF THE
SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
Polish astronomer and mathematician who believed the Earth revolves around the sun
Wrote the book: On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres
Developed the Heliocentric theory: Sun is the center of the universe The common theory of the time was
that the Earth was the center of the universe
Geocentric Model: Accepted by the Catholic Church
Heliocentric Model:Copernicus’ Theory
English philosopher and empiricist
Preferred inductive reasoning and facts over theory
Argued for experimental methodology: developed the scientific methodStep 1Observe an object or phenomenon
Step 2Develop a theory that explains the object or phenomenon
Step 3Develop an experiment to test the theory
French philosopher and mathematician
Reason, not tradition, is the source of all knowledge
Invented Cartesian coordinate system (xy axis)
Cogito ergo sum: “I think therefore I am”
Italians physicist, mathematician, astronomer & philosopher
Invented the telescope, pendulum clock, thermometer, water pump, and sector
Discovered speed of acceleration for gravity
His inventions led to discoveries that contradicted the traditional view of the world
Outspoken on his view that the Sun was the center of the Universe - Forced to recant his beliefs by the Church
German Mathematician, astronomer and astrologer
Loved the planets and made it his life’s work to explain the motion of planets
Invented an improved version of the refracting telescope
Developed the three Laws of Planetary Motion
English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and theologian
Developed the Three Laws of Motion
Defined gravity and its laws Tied up the loose ends of
Kepler and Galileo – used his discoveries to remove the last doubts of heliocentric theory
Invented optics and calculus Built the first practical
reflecting telescope
Developed the modern scientific method
Universe ordered according to natural laws
Discovered that scientific laws can be discovered by human reason
Took the role of a deity or god out of the study of the universe
1. Describe the Scientific Revolution.2. What astronomer, author of On the
Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, believed that the earth revolves around the sun?
3. Who is credited with inventing the scientific method?
4. Who came up with the Three Laws of Planetary Motion?
5. What famous Italian astronomer was convicted of heresy by the Inquisition?
6. What English scientist defined gravity?