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Open prostatectomy is one of the oldest surgical procedures in urology. It has been use for more than 50 years as the standard treatment until TURP became the new gold one. Open prostatectomy iscertainly valuable option in less developed areas of the world where there is no acces to transuretrhal surgery and BPH is frequently managed by general surgeon. Improved surgical techniques achieving optimal control of bleeding from the bladder neck can achieve morbidity rates wich compare favourably with TURP series. In europe, open surgery is still performed in two digit range: 12% in sweden, 14% in france, 32% in italy and 40% in israel showing how this is still considered a valuable option, whilw it remains in the one digit range in UK, australia and USA. Open prostatectomy has been reserved for the management of large prostat glands. Steg reported an average weight of enucleated tissue of 61 grams in open prostatectomy series versus 25 grams in TURP series. The Vth international consultation on BPH considered that open prostatectomy remains indicated in patinents with prostat large than 80 – 100 grams and in patients with coexiting disoders which may benefit from their repair at the same time of prostatectomy; such as hernia, large bladder stone and diverticula. Althought open prostatectomy was first developed as a transvesical procedure which was then perfectioned by hritschack, following to the introduction of the retropubic approach by terence millin a large number of the surgeon embraced the new technique. Surgeon preference mostly depends on training, when one of the two techniques is mastered, it is difficult to adopt the other approach. The discussions on the pros and cons of either technique has now been on going for decades, retropubic prostatectomy is considered to have a lower rate of complications compared to the transvesical approach. Data summarised in the table 3 confirm the large variability of complication rate reported in the peer – review literature. Depending on which complications were considered and how they were measured.. our analysis confirms the higher rate of adverse events in sovrapubic prostatectomy. Although the use of a transvesical approach might be more reasonable when a baldder comorbidity exists and the retropubic approach may be preferred in all other circumstances, we doubt that many surgeon will feel confident to switch operation easily and

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Open prostatectomy is one of the oldest surgical procedures in urology. It has been use for more than 50 years as the standard treatment until TURP became the new gold one. Open prostatectomy iscertainly valuable option in less developed areas of the world where there is no acces to transuretrhal surgery and BPH is frequently managed by general surgeon. Improved surgical techniques achieving optimal control of bleeding from the bladder neck can achieve morbidity rates wich compare favourably with TURP series. In europe, open surgery is still performed in two digit range: 12% in sweden, 14% in france, 32% in italy and 40% in israel showing how this is still considered a valuable option, whilw it remains in the one digit range in UK, australia and USA. Open prostatectomy has been reserved for the management of large prostat glands. Steg reported an average weight of enucleated tissue of 61 grams in open prostatectomy series versus 25 grams in TURP series. The Vth international consultation on BPH considered that open prostatectomy remains indicated in patinents with prostat large than 80 – 100 grams and in patients with coexiting disoders which may benefit from their repair at the same time of prostatectomy; such as hernia, large bladder stone and diverticula.

Althought open prostatectomy was first developed as a transvesical procedure which was then perfectioned by hritschack, following to the introduction of the retropubic approach by terence millin a large number of the surgeon embraced the new technique. Surgeon preference mostly depends on training, when one of the two techniques is mastered, it is difficult to adopt the other approach. The discussions on the pros and cons of either technique has now been on going for decades, retropubic prostatectomy is considered to have a lower rate of complications compared to the transvesical approach. Data summarised in the table 3 confirm the large variability of complication rate reported in the peer – review literature. Depending on which complications were considered and how they were measured.. our analysis confirms the higher rate of adverse events in sovrapubic prostatectomy. Although the use of a transvesical approach might be more reasonable when a baldder comorbidity exists and the retropubic approach may be preferred in all other circumstances, we doubt that many surgeon will feel confident to switch operation easily and training will continue to be based upon the experience (retropubic of transvesical) of the individual centre/surgeon.

Some of the new transuretrhal techniques, such as holmium enucleation and photoselective vaporisation of thr prostat with KTP laser, already proved efficasious in deaeling with large prostat. The implementation of these two technique will probably make open prostatectomy redundent in specialised centres although they have not became yet the gold standard for the treatment of large prostat gland. Holmium enucleation suffers a long learning curve and significant capital investment which may limits its availability outside large institutions. Photo selective vaporisation is still a very young technique with a very short logbook. Althougt 5-years data have been recently published, these data need to be confirmed in extramural studies.

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Prostatektomi adalah salah satu prosedur bedah tertua di urologi. Sudah digunakan selama lebih dari 50 tahun sebagai pengobatan standar sampai TURP menjadi satu emas baru. Buka prostatektomi pilihan iscertainly berharga di daerah yang kurang maju di dunia di mana tidak ada acces untuk transuretrhal operasi dan BPH sering dikelola oleh dokter bedah umum. Peningkatan teknik bedah mencapai kontrol optimal pendarahan dari leher kandung kemih dapat mencapai tingkat morbiditas Wich menguntungkan dibandingkan dengan seri TURP. Di eropa, operasi terbuka masih dilakukan dalam kisaran dua digit: 12% di Swedia, 14% di Perancis, 32% di Italia dan 40% di israel menunjukkan bagaimana hal ini masih dianggap sebagai pilihan yang berharga, whilw tetap dalam kisaran satu digit di Inggris, Australia dan Amerika Serikat. Buka prostatektomi telah disediakan untuk pengelolaan kelenjar prostat besar. Steg melaporkan berat rata-rata jaringan enucleated dari 61 gram dalam seri prostatektomi terbuka versus 25 gram dalam seri TURP. The Vth konsultasi internasional pada BPH menganggap bahwa prostatektomi terbuka tetap ditunjukkan dalam patinents dengan prostat besar dari 80-100 gram dan pada pasien dengan disoders coexiting yang dapat mengambil manfaat dari perbaikan mereka pada saat yang sama prostatektomi; seperti hernia, besar batu kandung kemih dan divertikula.

Walaupun prostatektomi terbuka pertama kali dikembangkan sebagai prosedur transvesical yang kemudian perfectioned oleh hritschack, berikut pengenalan pendekatan retropubic oleh terence millin sejumlah besar ahli bedah memeluk teknik baru. Preferensi ahli bedah sebagian besar tergantung pada pelatihan, ketika salah satu dari dua teknik dikuasai, sulit untuk mengadopsi pendekatan lain. Diskusi mengenai pro dan kontra dari teknik baik sekarang telah berlangsung selama beberapa dekade, prostatektomi retropubik dianggap memiliki tingkat komplikasi yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan pendekatan transvesical. Data diringkas dalam tabel 3 mengkonfirmasi variabilitas besar tingkat komplikasi yang dilaporkan dalam peer - tinjauan literatur. Tergantung pada komplikasi dianggap dan bagaimana mereka diukur .. analisis kami menegaskan tingkat yang lebih tinggi dari efek samping dalam prostatektomi sovrapubic. Meskipun penggunaan pendekatan transvesical mungkin lebih masuk akal ketika komorbiditas baldder ada dan pendekatan retropubic mungkin lebih disukai dalam segala situasi lain, kami ragu bahwa banyak ahli bedah akan merasa percaya diri untuk beralih operasi mudah dan pelatihan akan terus didasarkan pada pengalaman (retropubis dari transvesical) dari individu pusat / ahli bedah.

Beberapa teknik transuretrhal baru, seperti holmium enukleasi dan penguapan photoselective dari thr prostat dengan KTP laser, sudah terbukti efficasious di deaeling dengan prostat yang besar. Pelaksanaan dua teknik ini mungkin akan membuat prostatektomi terbuka redundent di pusat-pusat khusus meskipun

mereka belum menjadi belum standar emas untuk pengobatan kelenjar prostat besar. Enukleasi Holmium menderita kurva belajar yang panjang dan investasi modal yang signifikan yang mungkin membatasi ketersediaannya di luar lembaga-lembaga besar. Foto penguapan selektif masih teknik yang sangat muda dengan buku catatan yang sangat singkat. Althougt data 5-tahun telah baru-baru diterbitkan, data ini perlu dikonfirmasi dalam studi luar sekolah.