1

Tbilisi2014

2kvleva momzadda saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciisa da partnioroba adamianis uflebebisTvis erToblivi proeqtis - qalTa gaZliereba SromiTi diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg da genderuli Zaladobis dasamarcxeblad - farglebSi, evrokavSiris finanasuri mxardaWeriT.

am kvlevis Sinaarsze pasuxismgebelia misi avtori da masSi gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi SeiZleba ar emTxveodes evrokavSiris pozicias.

avtori:

redaqtori:

teq. redaqtori:

gamocemaze pasuxismgebeli:

kvlevis momzadebaSi monawileoba miiRes:

nana goCiaSvili

xaTuna yviralaSvili

irakli svaniZe

nino CixlaZe

ana abaSiZeana arganaSvili

proeqti dafinansebulia evrokavSiris mier

aiwyo da dakabadonda

saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciaSi.

j. kaxiZis q.15 Tbilisi 0102 saqarTvelo

(+995 32) 295 23 53, 293 61 01

akrZalulia aq moyvanili masalebis gadabeWdva, gamravleba an gavrceleba komerciuli mizniT, asociaciis werilobiTi nebarTvis gareSe

------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2014, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia

3

.............................................................................................. 5

................................................................................................. 6

.................................................................................... 12

................................................................... 12

(occupational segregation) .......................................................................... 15

............................................. 15

/ ............................ 17

....................................................................................... 18

............................ 19

.............................................................. 19

..................................................... 20

.................................................. 23

......................................................... 25

....... 27

.......................................................................... 28

............................................................................ 34

4 ............................................................................................ 35

, , , ................. 36

.............. 38

................................................................................. 44

................................................................................. 47

5

. , , . , - , , . , . , , . , , - .

. , , , - .

. .

, .

: ; ; ; .

6

. . , : , , . , , , , - . 2014 . , , , 229- ( ) :

, , , . , .

(ILO) , , (ILO) , 1998

7 86- , , , , (ILO) , :() -

;()

;() ; ()

.

, , (ILO) , .

, , (ILO) . .

, , . .

- 1 ,

1 ( 06.10.2014). -: http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=GEO&sec_id=30&info_id=17011

8 . , , . , .

, , , . , , , .

, , , , . , , . , 1994 24 (CEDAW) , , -11 , :

1. , , :

) , ;

) , , ;

9) , , , , , , ;

) , , , , , ;

) , , , , , , , , ;

) , , .

2. , , :

) , ;

) , - ;

) ,

10

, , - ;

) , .

3. , , - , , , , .

(ILO) 13 , 8 . 87- 98- , , - .

, 2010 , -6 :

1. :

) / , , , , ;

) , , , .

2. - .

3. / , ,

11

, .

4. , , , , .

, , , . , , .

, : 1. 2014-2016 , 2014 24 (#1945-); 2. 2013-2014 , 2013 2 (#199).

, 2013-2015 , 2013 17 (#17/07/01), , .

12

, , .

( ) .

, . , , .

, , , , ; , .

2010 2 , -

2 Brussels, 3.3.2010. Com (2010) 2020 final, Communication from the Commission, Europe 2020, A strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2010:2020:FIN:EN:PDF (last visited 06.10.2014)

13

2020 , , :

i. : - .

ii. : , .

iii. : , (, ) .

2020 :

- 20- 64- 75%- .

- 3%- .

- 20/20/20 .

- 10%-, , 40%-.

- 20 .

, , 2020 .

, . : (

14

), .

2013 - - , .3 27 , 4 , 2 () .

, , 35 , . , . :

1. ;

2. ;

3. .

. , , () , .

3 The European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions Eurofound (2013) Women, men and working conditions in Europe, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxemburg.

15

(occupational segregation)

, , () () () , , .

60% 64% . 20%- . : ( 91% - ), ( 80% - ), ( 69% - ), ( 65% - ).

, : ( 77% - ), ( 67% - ) .

. : 36.2 , 18.0% . , , , , 81.4% 79.8%.

, ().

16

, . , , , . , , , - .

, , , , ( ..) . ( ), , . , . , , . :

1. (sales workers) - 14.5%

2. - 13.8%

3. - 11.6%

4. - 10.6%

5. - 10.0%

- . ,

17

- . (4.7%). .

/

, 20%- 12%- , . , ( 9 ), ( 31 ). , (44.2%) , - (18.1%). , .

, . , , :

(55.6 %)

(42.9 %)

(34.3 %)

, : , ? 7 ():

1. - .

2. .

3. .

18

4. .

5. .

6. .

, , , . , .

() . , , , , .

40.6 , - 33.9 . : 5-6 , (45.6 39.5 ). , : , ..

- . , , , - . , , , . ,

19

, . .

, .

- (Gash, 2008) 4 , , , . , , ( , ) , . 2010 , , , 64, - 53.4 . , / (26.4 - , 8.8 - ), , , . , , .

- ,

4 Gash (2008), Constraints or preferences, identifying answers from part-time workers tranistions in Denmark, France and United Kingdom, Work, Employment and Society, Sage publishing, vol. 22. No.4, pp 655 -674

20

, , , , . . , .

27 , (4.36), - (4.24). , . .

. , . , , , , . , , , .

, .

21

, , .

2012 5 , . , . , , .

. , , , . (, ..). - .. (. ) (50- 69 ) .

, , . . , (paternal allowance),

5 MISSOC Secretariat (2012), Missoc analysis 2012/2, Gender Differences in Social protection, for the European Commission FG EMployment, Social Affairs and Inclusion

22

, , (). , 1974 . 6 , , . , , . , .

, : , . , . , , . (, , , , .).

7 . ,

6 A.Z. Duvander, T. Ferrarini, S. Thalberg (2005). Swedish parental leave and gender equality, Achievements and reform challanges in European perspective. Instutute for future studies. p.27 New Directive on Parental Leave. Directive 2010/18/EU

23

. 4 .

1998 .

8

:

, , , . , . , , . , , 1989 ( ).

, (-8 ) , -14 . 1977 26(1) , .

, ,

8 ECHR (20458/92)

24

, , -8 . , , .

, -8 , , , . , . , , . , , .

, , -8 , , , -8 . , , , . , 7 2- , ,