အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္...

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အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

Transcript of အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္...

Page 1: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္
Page 2: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf - 3201450309

rsufESmzHk;cGifhjyKcsuftrSwf - 3203530709

xkwfa0jcif; - yxrtBudrf? 2009 ckESpf - Mo*kwfv?

tkyfa& - 5000

rsufESmzHk;'DZdkif; - yef;csD - pdk;&JOD;

rsufESmzHk;ESifhtwGif;yHkESdyf - OD;aZmfjrifh0if; (umvmZHkatmzfhquf)

184 bD? 31 vrf;? yef;bJwef;NrdKUe,f? &efukefNrdKU/

xkwfa0ol - OD;EdkifrsKd;xGef; (tifyg,mpmay)

trSwf 21^11? pD;yGm;ul;oef;0efxrf;tdrf&m?

OD;0dpm&vrf;? ajrmuf'*Hk? &efukefNrdKU/

pDpOfol - OD;pdk;wifh? OD;qef;xGef;

wefzdk; - 1000 usyf

jzefUcsda&; - a&Tjynfompmay

rEÅav;ausmif; OygoumtzGJU

6^10 &yfuGuf? csif;wGif;vrf;

a&TjynfomNrdKUe,f? &efukefwdkif;/

zkef; - 611622? 611457

yHkESdyfrSwfwrf;

Page 3: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

rmwdum

rdwfquf - 5ajrapmifhewfom; jyóem - 9ravQmhrwif; apmif;BudK;n§if; jyóem - 9psmefysHvQif &[EÅmxifaomjyóem - 10

yv’ifvk rvk jyóem - 12qifcHjrif;cHbk&m; jyóem - 12Ak'¨\t,l0g'ppfwrf; (0dbZÆ0g') - 15'u©dPomcg jyóem - 16&,fjyaom½kyfyGm;awmf - 18ZrÁKywdcRwfcef;yHkawmf - 20

ausmufqif;wk jyóem - 22tokbjrifwm r*Fvm - 25ul;wkdUc jyóem - 27omoemyGJ jyóem - 30&ufvnf jyóem - 32vlav;rsKd; - 38

edAÁmef jyóem - 38Nidrf;at;rIcsrf;om - 46vGwfajrmufrIcsrf;om - 48N*dK[fqdk; jyóem - 53vu©Pm jyóem - 57Vif;w jyóem - 60

rsKd;aphrrSef yifroef - 61wpfoHo&mvHk; rarSmufapcsif - 63q&maumif;t*Fg 7 csuf - 64omoemjyK[lonf - 67azmifa';&Sif;raumif;í wkdufNydKjcif; - 68"mwfvHk; jyóem - 73

Ak'¨a[mMum; BuD;yGm;csrf;omaMumif;av;yg; - 75xkwfwef;ay:u q&mawmf - 77tarQmftaMumuf jyóem - 78aumif;usKd;ay;wm apwem - 81

Page 4: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

d bk&m;omoem? "GefU&SnfMumzdkU

bmomAk'¨? ax&f0g'wdkU

ÓPpifjzL? t,lrapmif;

uHvrf;aMumif;udk? rajymif;vdkESifh

aMumif;xdkxdkjy? ESpfumvwkdU

rsmpGmhMum&Snf? trdkufaAGrSm

ra*¾vrf;ay:? ra&mufavQmfvQif

tMuifoHo&m? oufqdk;Mumvdrfh

ÓPmÓP? orÁK'¨wdkU

a[mMuaxGaxG? jrwf"ar®udk

rawGpdwfaumif;? vrf;aMumif;trSef

tjrifoefzdkU? &nfoefpdwf&nf

a&;om;NyD;wnfh . . /

d rsufpdudkzGifh? em;udkpGifhí

ÓPfESifhcsifhcsdef? r*fykqdefjzifh

wuf&SdefMumanmif;? t,la[mif;udk

vrf;aMumif;&Sif;vif;MuygpdkU/

wynfh&[ef;awmfwpfyg;

ckwfajymif;&Sif;vif;MuygpdkU

Page 5: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

]]q&mawmf t&SifZ0e (arwåm&Sif-a&Tjynfom) a&;om;xkwfa0cJhaom pmtkyfrsm;udkzwf&ojzifh? q&mawmfa[mMum;awmfrlaom w&m;awmfrsm;udk emMum;rSwfom;&onfhtwGuf wynfhawmfwdkUonf vGefpGmwefzkd;&SdNyD; rnfonfhenf;ESifhrQ wefzdk;jzwfír&aom todynmrsm;ESifh tawG;tac:A[kokwrsm; &&Sdjcif;aMumifh q&mawmfudk aus;Zl;txl;wif&Sdygonf/ }}

]]q&mawmfonf w&m;a[mMum;&mwGif w&m;emy&dowfrsm; pdwf0ifpm;p&maumif;atmif? w&m;em,lolrsm; em;vnfvG,fatmif a[mMum;Edkifovdk? pma&;om;&mwGifvnf; &oajrmufaom 0w¬Kwpfyk'fudk zwf½I&ouJhodkU Ak'¨pmayrsm;udk okwvnf;&ap? &ovnf;ajrmufap&ef txl;BudK;pm;NyD; *½kpdkuftyifyef;cHa&;om;ojzifh q&mawmfa&;om;aom pmrsm;onf "r®pmayrsm;jzpfapumrl pmzwfy&dowftay:xm;&Sdaom q&mawmf\ arwåmapwemaMumifh zwf½Irdolwdkif;udk qGJaqmifEdkifaom pGrf;tif? rysif;r&dESifhzwf½Ivdkaom pdwfqE´&Sdap&ef uRrf;usifvdr®maom ta&;tom;rsm;aMumifh bmoma&;pmayudk pdwfr0ifpm;olrsm;yif zwf½IvmMuum xdkufoifhaomw&m;tod? "r®okwrsm;udk &&SdcJhMuojzifh q&mawmfudk txl;aus;Zl;wif&Sdygonf/}} ponfjzihf q&mawmfxH te,fe,ft&yf&yf&Sd pmzwfy&dowfrsm;? w&m;emy&dowfrsm;omru EkdifiH&yfjcm;rS pmzwfy&dowfrsm;uygpmESifhwpfzHk? w,fvDzkef;jzifhwpfoG,f? vludk,fwdkifvma&mufíwpfenf; avQmufxm;vmMuygonf/

q&mawmfa[mMum;aom w&m;awmfrsm;? a&;om;aom "r®pmayrsm;udk taMumif;jyKNyD;w&m;todrsm; "r®okwrsm; xdkufoifhovdk &oGm;onfhtwGuf te,fe,ft&yf&yfodkU tyifyef;cH<ua&mufNyD; w&m;a[maeol q&mawmftaeESifhvnf;aumif;? q&mawmfa&;om;aom "r®pmayrsm;udkpDpOfxkwfa0aeonfholrsm;taeESifhvnf;aumif; rsm;pGm0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjzpf&ygonf/

xdkUaMumifh q&mawmf\ pmtkyfrsm;udk zwf½INyD; "r®okw? w&m;todrsm;&&SdNyD;ol pmzwfy&dwfowfrsm; bmom? omoemESifhoufqdkifaom avmuDavmukwå&mtod ynmA[kokwrsm; ydkrdk&&Sdap&efvnf;aumif;? q&mawmfa&;om;aom pmtkyfrsm;udk rzwf½Izl;ao;ojzihf jzpfrIysufrItpkpkudk,xmblwusus oHk;oyfwwfaom pGrf;tm;ÓPfenf;yg;um tawG;tac:t,ltqrsm; vGJrSm;aeolrsm;taejzifh t&m&mudk ,xmblwusus oHk;oyfodjrifEdkifap&ef &nf&G,fNyD; obm0,kwåd tm*r,kwådwkdUjzihf wifjyxm;aom ]] ax&0g'rSwfausmuf }} trnf&Sd q&mawmf\ (31) tkyfajrmufpmtkyfudkxkwfa0vdkufygNyD/

rSwfausmufqdkonfrSm a&Txnfypönf;wpfckudk a&Tppf rppf a&Tt&nftaoG; prf;oyfppfaq;onfhtaeESifh rSwfausmufwifMunfhjcif;udk qdkvdkygonf/ a&Txnfypönf;wpfckudk a&Ttppf[kwf^r[kwfodEdkif&ef rSwfausmufay:wGif yGwfwkdufMunfhNyD; rSwfausmufay:wGif usef&Sdaeonfha&T0ga&mifrIefuav;rsm;udk i&JrD;ESifhwdkUMunfhygu a&TtppfjzpfvQif xdkt0ga&mifrIefuav;rsm;onfrSwfausmufwGif wifusef&pfum a&Trppfygu i&JrD;pm;onfh'PfudkrcHEdkifbJ cdk;taiGUtjzpfajymif;vJumrSwfausmufay:rS aysmufuG,foGm;ygonf/

rdwfquf

Page 6: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

þOyrmudk erlem,lNyD; bk&m;a[m w&m;a'oemrsm;udk rSwfwrf;wif jyKpkxm;aomusrf;*efrsm;wGifryg? pmayusrf;*efESHUpyfaom u0dtausmfa&S;q&mawmf ax&fBuD;0gBuD;rsm;\ tqdktrdefU a[mMum;csufrsm;vnf; r&Sdonfhjyif obm0,kwåd? tm*r,kwåd uif;rJhaom tawG;tac:t,ltqrsm;udk rSefonf rSm;onf uGJjym;jcm;em;pGm rodMuaom "r®okwtm; enf;yg;onfh Ak'¨bmomEG,f0ifqdkolrsm; acwfvli,frsm;twGuf þ ]] ax&0g'rSwfausmuf }} trnf&Sd pmtkyfudk pDpOfxkwfa0vdkufygonf/

ax&0g'rSwfausmuftrnfjzifh xkwfa0vdkufaom þpmtkyfudk aus;Zl;&Sifq&mawmfonf&nf&G,fcsufjzifh a&;om;cJhjcif;jzpfNyD; q&mawmf\ &nf&G,fcsufrsm;udk þpmtkyfudkzwf½I&if; pmzwfoloabmayguf odjrifvmygvdrhfrnf/ ,aeU Ak'¨bmomEG,f0ifqdkolrsm;ESifh acwfvli,ftawmfrsm;rsm;onf Ak'¨bmom0if trnfcHxm;aomfjim;vnf; Ak'¨0g'jzpfaom ]ur®óuwm or®m'd|d} ac: rdrdjyKaomuH\ taMumif;tusKd;w&m;wdkUudk tav;teuf pOf;pm;vufcHjcif;rjyKbJ vGJrSm;aom tawG;tac:t,ltqrsm;udk obm0usrus ,kwåd&Sdr&Sd? jzpfEdkifrjzpfEdkif csifhcsdefawG;awmjcif;r&SdbJ trsm;rdk;cg;a&aomuf&mwGif rdrdyga&maESmaomufovdkjzpfae&m? pmzwfy&dowfrsm;ESifh Ak'bmom0iftrsm;w&m;aovufcHxm;Muaom tawG;tac:rSm;rsm;? tvGJt,ltqrsm; yaysmufapvdkaom apwemjzifhþpmtkyfudk a&;om;jcif;jzpfygonf/

obm0,kwåd tm*r,kwåduif;rJhNyD; ,xmblwrusaom t,ltqrsm;udk ykxkZOfvlom;rsm; qkyfudkifpGJvef;onfudkxm;? omoemhEG,f0if &[ef;&SiftcsKdUyif þvGJrSm;aom tawG;tac:rsm;udkvufcH,HkMunfaeMuonfudk q&mawmfudk,fawGUBuHK&aom atmufygjzpf&yfuav;udkaxmufNyD; od&SdEdkifayonf/ q&mawmfudk,fawGUBuHKcJh&aom jzpf&yfav;onf {&m0wDwdkif;? armfuRef;NrdKUe,f? 0Jpkaus;&GmodkUw&m;a[m<upOfu BuHKcJh&jcif;yg/

tcsdefum; n (11)em&DcefU&SdNyD;? w&m;yGJNyD;NyDjzpfojzifh q&mawmf tem;,lusdef;pufaeNyD/uRefawmfESifh 0Jpkq&mawmfwdkUom rtdyfMuao;bJ pum;pNrDajymaeMuonf/ xdktcdkuf "r®pMum0wftoif;rS trsKd;orD;wpfOD; ausmif;ay:odkU a&;BuD;okwfjym wufvmNyD; -

]]OD;Zif;bk&m; wjcm;&Gmu w&m;emvmwJh udk,f0efaqmifwpfa,muf AdkufemNyD; ausmif;0if;xJrSm rD;zGm;rvdkUwJh bk&m;}}

]][ - ausmif;0if;xJ arG;vdkU b,fjzpfrvJ? ausmif;jyifrSm&SdwJh teD;qHk;tdrf wpftdrfudkjrefjrefac:oGm;NyD; arG;ay;vdkufaygh}}

ausmif;y&0kPfwGif;wGif arG;rSmudk pdk;&drfaom 0Jpkq&mawmfu uAsmu,m [efUwm;tBuHay;vdkufonf/

]]rvG,fbl; bk&m;? tajctaeqdk;aew,f? tcsdefr&Sdbl;}}ajymajymqdkqdk a,m*DtrsKd;orD; ausmif;ay:rS cyfokwfokwf qif;oGm;onf/ qif;oGm;

aom a,m*DtrsKd;orD;udkMunfh&if; udk,f0efaqmiftrsKd;orD;qD pdwfa&mufoGm;onf/ olUcrsm vG,fvG,fulul acsmacsmarmarmrS arG;Ekdifyghrvm;/ ]a,mufsm; azmifpD;? rdef;r rD;ae} qdkonfh pum;&Sdonf?opfqGJazmif tvkyform;rsm;ESifh tdrfaxmif&Sifrdef;rrsm; rD;zGm;&mwGif BuHKawGU&wwfaom tEÅ&m,frsm;udk EIdif;,SOfwifjyxm;onfh tqdktrdefUjzpfonf/ wu,fawmh ...

Page 7: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

]a,mufsm;azmifpD;} [k qdkaomfvnf; a,mufsm;wdkif; opfazmifvkyfom; r[kwfyg? avqefvIdif;BuD; touftEÅ&m,fESifheD;aom azmifvkyfom;tvkyfudk a,mufsm;jzpfwdkif; vkyfrpm;yg/ xdkUaMumifha,mufsm;trsm;pkonf tEÅ&m,fqdk;ESifh BuHK&cJygonf/ odkUaomf ]rdef;r rD;ae} qdkaom pum;rSmrlrdef;rom;trsm;pkESifh oufqdkiftusKH;0ifaeonf/

ykxkZOfwdkUobm0 t&G,fa&mufonfESifh tdrfaxmifom;arG; jyKMuonfjzpf&m vlrI'ku©toD;oD; &SdMuonfhteuf trsKd;orD;rsm;u a,mufsm;rsm;xuf 'ku©BuD;wpfckydkonfrSm udk,f0efaqmifjcif;ESifh rD;zGm;jcif;yif jzpfonf/ tdrfaxmifonfrdef;rwdkif; rvGJra&SmifomBuHK&onfh þtma0edu'ku©onf touftEÅ&m,fESifheD;ojzifh ]udk,f0efonfrdef;rrsm; wpfaeUvQifoHk;Budrf ocFsKdif;udkrsufapmif;xdk;onf} [k vnf;aumif;? ]rdef;rrD;ae? a,mufsm;azmifpD;} [k vnf;aumif; qdk½dk;&SdcJhayonf/ ]a,mufsm;azmifpD; rdef;rrD;ae} [k qdk½dk;pum;&Sdaomfvnf;? a,mufsm;jzpfNyD; azmifrpD;vQif &apumrl rdef;rb0&vmNyD; tdrfaxmifusonfESifh udk,f0efaqmifjcif;? rD;zGm;jcif;'ku©udkrl rdef;rwdkif; rvGJraoGBuHKawGU&rnf/

,ckyifMunfhyg tjcm;&GmrS w&m;em&efvmaom trsKd;orD;? rdrda&SUwGifyif tdrfaxmif&SifrwdkU awGUBuHK&rnfh'ku©udk awGUae&NyD/ aus;vufwGifaexdkifMuaom awmolawmifom;wdkUobm0NrdKUjyESifha0;orQ usef;rma&;A[kokw jynfhpHkrItm;enf;Muonf/ rdrduav;arG;rnfh&ufudkyif wdwdususod&Sd[efrwl/ xdkUaMumifhvnf; vrf;yef;qufoG,frI tqifrajy racsmarGUojzifh awmf½Hk"r®uxdursm;rvma&mufaom þvdka'orsKd;odkU wul;wu<ua&mufw&m;a[monfh q&mawmfaMumifh BuHKawmifhBuHKcJw&m;yGJudk tm;cJvma&mufw&m;em&mrS rarQmfvifhyJ ur®ZavvIyf&Sm;NyD; arG;zGm;csdefBuHKcJhjcif;jzpfonf/

udk,f0efaqmiftrsKd;orD;taMumif; pOf;pm;rd&mrS awmifawG;ajrmufawG;çawG;&if; tdyfraysmfawmhbJ t½kPfwufcsdefwdkifcJhonf/ q&mawmfudk t½kPfqGrf;uyf&if;rS nOfhOD;ydkif;u BuHKawGUcJh&aom tjzpftysufudk q&mawmftm; jyefvnfavQmufxm;vdkufonf/

]]q&mawmf? nuw&m;yGJtNyD; udk,f0efaqmifwpfOD; AdkufemvmvdkU ausmif;0if;xJrSmuav;arG;cGifhvmavQmufw,f bk&m;}}

]][m 'grsm; ausmif;xJac:NyD; rarG;ckdif;vdkufbl;vm;? 'DrSm ouFef;awGumNyD; tcef;vkyfay;vdkuf&if NyD;wmyJ[m}}

]]0Jpkq&mawmfu ausmif;0if;xJ rarG;eJUvdkU ajymwmeJU? jyefqif;oGm;wmyJ? b,frSmoGm;arG;vJawmh rodygbl;}}

q&mawmfonf 0Jpkausmif;q&mawmfbufodkUvSnfhNyD;]]'Dudk,fawmfvnf; rD;aecef;qdkwm a,mufsm;awGudk bkef;edrfhapwwfwJhae&mvdkU vufcH

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Page 8: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

]]vleJU wd&pämef b,foljrwfovJ}}]]vlu jrwfygw,f bk&m;}}]] [kwfNyD? 'Dawmh avmurSm acG;? aMumif? Muuf? 0uf? qdwf? EGm; pwJh wd&pämefawG&Sdw,f?

acG;awGaMumifawG om;usuav;arG;NyDqdk&if tdrfatmufrSm arG;wm&Sdovdk? tdrfay:rSm? tdrfcef;xJrSm?ukwifatmufrSm arG;Muw,f? 'Dtdrfom;awG bkef;edrfhukefa&maygh? aemufNyD; 0uf? qdwf? EGm;? MuufpwJh w&dpämefarG;wJholawG 0ufawG? EGm;awG? qdwfawG uav;arG;NyDqdk&if NcHxJudk udk,fwdkif*½kwpdkufqif;Munfh&w,f? tdyf&mae&moefU&Sif;atmif jyKjyifay;&w,f? 'gqdk 'DvlawGvnf; bkef;edrfhMurSmyJ}}

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Page 9: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 10: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 11: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 12: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 13: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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'Dvdk tmywfynwfNyD; wm;awmfrl&wmu owå0gtm;vHk;ay:rSm tnDtrQxm;awmfrlwJh]r[mu½kPmawmf} aMumifhyJ jzpfygw,f/ ½dk;½dk;u½kPm r[kwfygbl;/ r[mwyfxm;wJh ]BuD;us,fwJhu½kPm} yg/ 'D r[mu½kPmBuD;aMumifhyJ av;oacsFurÇmwpfodef;Mumatmif tqif;&J tyifyef;cHNyD;yg&rDawmfawGudk jznfhqnf;awmfrlcJhwmyg/

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Page 15: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

Ak'\0g'onf a0befydkif;jcm;NyD;rS vufcH&aom 0g'jzpf\/ ]0dbZÆ0g'}[k ac:\/ auorkwådt&yfü aeMuaom umvmrtEG,f0ifwdkUonf udk,fhbufudk,ufaom t,l0g'&SifawG aygrsm;vSojzifh rnfonfht,l0g'udk ,l&rnf[k rqHk;jzwfEdkif jzpfaeaMumif; Ak'¨udk avQmufxm;Mu\/ xdktcgAk'¨u -

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Page 16: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 17: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 18: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 19: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 20: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 21: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 22: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 23: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 24: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 27: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 28: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 29: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 30: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 31: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 32: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

bm0em yGm;rsm;olrsm;udk jzpfap w&m;&&ef orm"dav;wufvmonfESifh olwdkUxGuf&yfayguf 0dZÆmvrf;odkU rygygatmif qGJawmh\/

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(arwåm&Sif-a&Tjynfom\ r*fwm;zdkvfwm; tEÅ&m,frsm;)

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Page 33: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 34: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

uREfkyf pum;aMumifh olwdkUaomursm; w'*FaysmufoGm;NyD; &,farmMuonf/ olwdkU aexdkif&m &yfuGufESifhvrf;udk ar;jref;MunfhaomtcgwGifrS ausmif;rS OD;yÍöif;wpfyg;\ qGrf;cHtdrf jzpfaeonfudk od&\/ olwdkUoHk;a,mufwGif ESpfa,mufonf bGJU&ausmif;q&mrrsm; jzpf\/ xdkESpfa,mufwGifwpfa,mufu pdwf0ifwpm; ar;cGef;wpfck ar;vm\/

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ra&mufao;ygvm;[k ,ckacwf vli,frsm;twGuf tm;rvdktm;r& jzpfrd\/]]0dÓPfqdkwmudku r&Sdygbl;? vlwpfa,mufrSm tm½Hkudk rodwwfwJh ½kyfeJU? tm½Hkudkod

wwfwJh emrf 'DESpfrsKd;yJ &Sdygw,f? vG,fvG,fav; cGJcsif&if -jrifwmu ½kyf? odwmu emrf?Mum;wmu ½kyf? odwmu emrf?eHwmu ½kyf? odwmu emrf?pm;wmu ½kyf? odwmu emrf?xdwmu ½kyf? odwmu emrf?BuHawG;wmu ½kyf? odwmu emrf?

vdkU rSwfxm;aygh? 'DtxJu tm½Hkudk odpdwfemrfw&m;udkyJ ]0dÓOfaumif}vdkU rSef;qajymaeMuwmyg?ckvdk udkifjyMunfhvdkU&wmu ynwf½kyf? OwkZ½kyfaygh? ]cE¨mig;yg; tedpö-tNrJr&Sd}vdkU 0dyóem½I&wJhy&rwf½kyfuawmh taumiftxnf tvHk;tcJ? trIeftrTm;&,fvdkU r&SdMubl;? oabmw&m;rQyJ &Sdw,f?

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Page 35: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

]]'Dvdk tNrJwrf; jzpfysufaewJh ½kyfemrfw&m;awG[m aemufb0udk b,fvdk ul;oGm;ovJbk&m;? 'DrSm 0dÓOfaumifr&Sdbl;qdk&if tckb0jyKcJhwJh ukodkvfuH? tukodkvfuHawG&JU tusKd;udk b,foluoGm;cHpm;ovJ bk&m;}}

,if;uJhodkUaom ar;cGef;rsKd;udk pmtkyfwpftkyfwGif uREfkyf zwfcJh&\/ q&mBuD; OD;A*sDidka&;om;aom ]*rÇD&0dyóem½IzG,fusrf;} 'kwd,wGJwGif jzpf\/ q&mBuD; tar&duefa&mufpOfu ar;jref;Muaom ar;cGef;rsm;teuf wpfckjzpf\/ ,if;pmtkyfü ar;cGef;udkom azmfjyxm;aomfvnf; tajzudkum;a&;rxm;yg/ pmayA[kokw &Sdaomolrsm;twGuf tajzrSm rcJ,Of;[kom azmfjyxm;\/

pmayA[kokw r&Sdolrsm;twGufum; cJ,Of;aom ar;cGef;wpfckyif jzpf\/ Ak'bmom0ifwdkif;vnf; taotcsm odoifh\/ xdkUaMumifh pdwf&Snf&Snfyif &Sif;jy&\/

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aqGrsKd;rawmfwJh wjcm;ruRwfrvGwfolawGvnf; om"kac:Edkifygw,f? 'gaMumifh aooludk&nfrSef;NyD; vSLwJhtvSLudkawmh {uefrkcs jyKoifhygw,f? aoNyD; ewfjynfa&muf&ifvnf; csufcsif;yJpkwdeJU y#doaE¨[m wpfqufwnf; aewmaygh? pkwdqdkwm aowJhpdwf? y#doE¨qdkwm aemufb0rSmtopfjzpfwJhpdwf? olwdkUESpfckMum;xJrSm bmrSr&Sdbl;? csufcsif;yJ/

oN*ØK[frSmawmh ]teEÅ&ar0}qdkwJh ygVdeJU jyw,f? jrefrmvdkawmh ]csufcsif;}aygh? usefwJhi&JbHk? wd&pämefbHk? NydwåmbHkwdkUrSm jzpfr,fqdk&ifvnf; tMum;r&SdbJ csufcsif;oGm;jzpfwmyJ? tdrfem;rSm

Page 36: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

ckepf&ufaevdkU &EdkifwmqdkvdkU NydwåmbHkwpfrsKd;yJ &Sdw,f? 'DNydwåmbHkb0a&muf&if uRwfvGwfygapqdkwJhapwemeJU qGrf;oGwfwJh ukodkvfudk jyKMuwmjzpfw,f/}}

]]'Dbufb0u jyKcJhwJhukodkvfuH? tukodkvfuHawGudk [dkbufb0rSm 'Du ½kyfemrfvnf;ygroGm;bJeJU? b,fyHkb,fenf; cHpm;w,fqdkwmudk qufNyD; &Sif;jyygOD;bk&m;}}

]]ukodkvfuH tukodkvfuHawG jyKwJhtcg aZmapwemawGjzpfw,f? 'DaZmapwemawG[memrfw&m;jzpfvdkU jzpfNyD;ysufoGm;wm rSefayr,fh aemufb0rSm aumif;usKd;qdk;usKd;jzpfapr,fh tmedoifoabmw&m;awG usefaecJhw,f? 'Dapwemac: uHeJUcEm? 'ku© rodrIt0dZÆm? cEmopfudk vdkcsifrIwPSm'DoHk;yg;aygif;rdNyD; b0opfjzpfatmif zefwD;vdkufMuwmyJ}}

]]yHkpHeJU ajymMunfhr,f? ausmif;'umOD;eD aow,f? ausmif;vSLwJhukodkvfaMumifh ewfjynfrSmewfom; oGm;jzpfw,f? 'Dae&mrSm Ak'tvdkus,l&rSmu ewfom;jzpfoGm;wJhtcgrSm OD;eDb0u ½kyfw&m;?emrfw&m;awG ewfjynfudk wpfckrSygrvmbl;? 'gayr,fh OD;eD&JUaojcif;eJU uif;NyD;awmhvnf; ewfom;rjzpfEdkifjyefbl;}}

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'Dae&mrSm pOf;pm;&rSmu 'kwd,twdkifrSm awmufavmifaewJh rD;[m yxrtwdkifuul;vmwJh rD;awGvm;? 'kwd,twdkifu za,mif;om;udkavmifaewJh rD;awGvm; qdkwmyJ? wu,fhtrSefuyxrza,mif;wdkifu rD;awG[m 'kwd,za,mif;wdkifudk ul;rvmygbl;? 'gayr,fh yxrza,mif;wdkifurD;eJU uif;NyD;awmhvnf; 'kwd,za,mif;wdkif[m rD;rawmufEdkifygbl;/

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*VKefwHqdyf ouFef;acgufudk Munfhvdkufyg? ouFef;om;ay:rSm *VKefwHqdyfxifaeygw,f?oHjym;xlxlrSm *VKefwHqdyfxGif; tylay;NyD; ouFef;acgufay: zdcsvdkufwmeJU *VKefwHqdyf xifoGm;wmygyJ? 'Dvdk xifwJhae&mrSm ouFef;rSmxifaewJh *VKef½kyf[m oHjym;u*VKef½kyf r[kwfygbl;/

'gayr,fh oHjym;u*VKef½kyfeJU uif;NyD;awmhvnf; rxifEdkifygbl;? xdkUtwl ewfjynfuewfom;b0[m vlUjynfu ausmif;'umOD;eD r[kwfygbl;? ½kyfemrftopf xyfjzpfwmyg? 'gayr,fhvlUjynfu OD;eDeJUvnf; uif;NyD;awmh rjzpfEdkifygbl;? 'gu b0opfjzpfyHkudk wHqdyfwkH; OyrmeJU jyvdkufwmyg/

yJhwifoH Oyrmuawmh vIdPf*lBuD;xJrSm a[;ceJ wpfcsufatmfvdkuf&if yxrtoHuvIdPf*leH&Hudk ½dkufNyD; ]a[; a[;} qdkwJh 'kwd,? wwd, yJhwifoHrsm; ay:vmygw,f? 'kwd,? wwd,yJhwifoHrsm;[m yxratmfvdkufwJh toHr[kwfygbl;? topf topfxyfjzpfwmyg?

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'gayr,fh yxratmfoHeJU uif;NyD;awmhvnf; rjzpfEdkifygbl;? taMumif;tusKd; qufpyfrIuawmh &Sdaeygw,f? xdkUtwl ewfom;b0[m topfxyfjzpfwJh ½kyfemrfyg? vlUb0u ausmif;'umOD;eD&JU ½kyfemrfwpfckrS ygrvmygbl;? 'gayr,fh OD;eDb0u ½kyfemrfeJU uif;NyD;awmhvnf; rjzpfEdkifygbl;?'Davmufqdk&if 0dÓOfaumif ygroGm;bJ b0opfjzpfyHkudk rif;wdkUem;vnfavmufNyDvdkU xifw,f}}

]]rSefyg em;vnfygNyD bk&m;}}]]wu,f em;vnfoGm;w,f qdk&ifawmh odyf0rf;omygw,f? bmjzpfvdkUvJqdkawmh ½kyfemrf

wpfyg;yg;udk rysufrpD; tNrJwnfw,fvdkU t,lrSm;wJh oów'd|dcHae&if 0dyóemw&m; tm;xkwf&ifw&m;r&bJ jzpfwwfw,f? tckvdk &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; em;vnfoGm;w,fqdk&if r*fvrf;zdkvfvrf; yGifhoGm;wmaygh? 'DtcsufeJU ywfoufvdkU rdk;ukwfq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;u ]Ak'¨bmom0ifawG[m vlaowmeJUywfouf&if oów'd|d jzpfwwfw,f}vdkU ajymcJhwmaygh/

ar;/ / t&SifqE´rax&fonf ESpfaygif;av;q,fausmf udk,fwdkif jzpfysuf tedpö? 'ku©? tewå w&m;udk BudK;pm;tm;xkwfygvsufom;eJU bmaMumihf r*fzdkvf r&ygovJ/

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,lqwm bm'd|dvJ/ajz/ / oów'd|dyg/ar;/ / aMumif;usKd; ½kyfemrfw&m;awG[m bmrSr&Sdbl;? b,fawmhrS rjzpfbl;? jywfaew,fvdkU

,lxm;&if bm'd|dvJ/ajz/ / Oapä''d|dyg/ar;/ / Oyrm a0'emqdkwm zóvkyfvdkufawmh rjzpfbl;vm;/ajz/ / jzpfygw,f/ar;/ / tu,fí zócsKyfoGm;&if 'Da0'emav;aum/ajz/ / csKyfoGm;ygw,f/ar;/ / taMumif;aMumifh tusKd;jzpfwmudk jrifvdkufvdkU&Sd&if b,f'd|dpifrwkef;/ajz/ / Oapä''d|d pifygw,f/ar;/ / taMumif;csKyfvdkU tusKd;csKyfw,fvdkU od&ifaum/ajz/ / oów'd|d pifygw,f/ar;/ / a0'emaMumifh wPSmjzpfw,fvdkU od&ifaum b,f'd|d pifowkef;/ajz/ / Oapä''d|d pifygw,f/ar;/ / a0'emcsKyfoGm;vdkU&Sd&ifvnf; 'DwPSmvnf; olUocifu csKyfaygh? olUocifuvnf; csKyf&

awmhrSmyJqdkwm raocsmbl;vm;/

Page 38: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

ajz/ / aocsmygw,f/ar;/ / 'gusawmh b,f'd|d pifoGm;owkef;/ajz/ / oów'd|d pifoGm;ygw,f/ar;/ / aMomf ...taMumif;jzpfvdkU tusKd;jzpfwmyJvdkUodawmh bm'd|dpifowkef;/ajz/ / Oapä''d|d pifygw,f/

awmfNyD? 'Davmufqdk 'um? 'umrwdkU oów'd|dpifNyD/(rdk;ukwfq&mawmf? trSwf (4)usrf;pm? 'd|druGm&if edAÁmefrjrif)

vlav;rsKd;(1) vlwpf&mwGif ig;a,mufcefUonf tEkavmrcEÅDac: cE¨mig;yg;onf t0dZÆm? wPSm? uHaMumifh

jzpfonf/ wjcm;taMumif;aMumifh rjzpf paomtm;jzifh y#dpöorkyÜg'fÓPfü usufpm;onf/(2) aemufig;a,mufonf cE¨mig;yg; tedpö? cE¨mig;yg; 'ku©? cE¨ig;yg; tewåponfjzifh ½IyGm;vsuf

,xmblwÓPfü usufpm;onf/(3) vlwpf&mwGif av;q,fhig;a,mufcefYonf ½kyfemrfESpfyg;udk rysufrpD; tNrJwnf&Sdonf[k ,lq

aom oów'd|dü usufpm;onf/ oów'd|donf b0udkwyfrufaom avmb (wPSm)ESifh,SOfaomaMumifh pGefUvTwf&efcufonf/ r*fzdkvfudk t&aES;onf/

(4) usefav;q,fhig;a,mufonf ½kyfemrfESpfyg;udk aovQifjywfonf? bmrSrjzpfawmh[k ,lqaomOapä''d|dü usufpm;onf/ xdk'd|donf a'goESifh,SOf\/ tjypfBuD;\/ odkUaomf w&m;odvQifpGefUvGwf&ef vG,fulí r*fzdkvfudk t&jrefonf/

(rZÑdredum,f? 'DCecokwftzGifh)

edAÁmefjyóem  Ak'¨bmom0ifawG[m aowmeJU ywfouf&if oów'd|d jzpfwwfMuw,f/

edAÁmefeJU yufoufvm&if Oapä''d|d jzpfwwfMuw,f/ (rdk;ukwfq&mawmf)

rdk;ukwfq&mawmf\ w&m;acGwpfacGrS pum;wpfydk'fyif jzpf\/ vlaowmESifh ywfoufíoów'd|djzpfyHkudk &ufvnfjyóemaqmif;yg;ü &Sif;jycJhNyD;jzpfonf/ ,ck edAÁmefESifh ywfoufí Oapä''d|d tjzpfrsm;yHkudk &Sif;vif;ygOD;rnf/ yxra&Tusif q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;uvnf; edAÁmefESifhywfoufíAk'bmom0ifrsm; Oapä''d|dBuD;odkU ruyfa&mufap&ef ]*rÇD&m*rÇD& r[medAÁKwm'DyeD}[laom usrf;BuD;udka&;om;awmfrlcJhonf/

q&mawmfBuD;\ arwåm? apwemum; BuD;rsm;vS\/ usrf;pma&;om;&mü pmayrjynfhpHkolwdkUtwGuf tusOf;? pmayjynfhpHkolwdkUtwGuf tus,fqdkNyD; ESpfcef;a&;om;cJh\/ 'Gg&*dkPf;omoemydkiftk#fzdkq&mawmfBuD;onfvnf; 'umwpfOD;\ avQmufxm; awmif;yefcsuft& edAÁmefESifhywfoufí]pE´r@vokuúpmwef;}[laom usrf;pmi,fudk a&;om;awmfrlcJh\/

Page 39: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

v,fwDq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;onfvnf; ]edAÁmer*¾'DyeD} rnfaom usrf;udk a&;om;pD&ifawmfrlcJh\/ ,if;usrf;wdkUudk rSDjirf;udk;um;NyD;vQif yckuúL0dyóemoifwef; q&mBuD;OD;Muifa&T\ edAÁmefw&m;awmf (17)acG? oJtif;*lq&mawmfESifh rdk;ukwfq&mawmfwdkU\ edAÁmefw&m;awmfwdkUudk emMum;NyD;þaqmif;yg;udk a&;om;&jcif; jzpf\/

edAÁmefESifh ywfoufí omref Ak'¨bmom0ifrsm;yif rqdkxm;ESifh bmoma&; pma&;q&mtcsKdUyif rSm;,Gif;pGm a&;om;aeMuaomtcsufudk OD;pGmwifjycsif\/ xdka&;om;csufum; "r®y't|uxmüvmonfh ]oaAÁ "r®m tewåm}[laom *gxmwpfyg'udk axmufí edAÁefudk ]tewå}[k rSm;,Gif;a&;om;aeMujcif;yif jzpf\/

jrwfpGmbk&m;onf edAÁmefudk ]tewå}[k wpfBudrfwpfcgrQ a[mawmfrrlcJhay/ odkUqdkvQif,if;*gxmü ]oaAÁ "r®m tewåm}[lí tb,fhaMumifh a[mMum;cJhoenf;[k ar;vmjim;tHh/ þjyóemonf "r®y't|uxmvm *gxmoHk;yk'fvHk;udk azmfjy&Sif;vif;rS jynfhpHkrnfjzpf\/

yxr &[ef;ig;&monf awmxJwGif w&m;tm;xkwf&m olwdkUp½dkufESifh rudkufnDaomur®|mef;jzpfaeí w&m;xl;r&Muay/ Ak'¨xH vma&mufcsdefwGif olwdkUp½dkufESifh udkufnDaom -

oaAÁ ocFg&m tedpöm? ,'g ynm, yówd?tx edAÁE´wd 'kau©? {o ra*¾g 0dok'd,m/

]]tvHk;pHkaom ocFg&w&m;wdkUonf tNrJr&Sd/ (cE¨mig;yg;-tedpö)[k ynmjzifh ½Ijrif\/xdkcE¨mig;yg; 'ku©w&m;ü NiD;aiGU\/ þum; pifMu,faom r*¾ifvrf;aywnf;/}}

[k a[mMum;vdkuf&m *gxmtqHk;rSmyif &[ef;tyg;ig;&mvHk; &[EÅmjzpfMu\/ olwdkUonfa&S;,cifb0rsm;u tedpömEkyóemudk rsm;rsm;BuD; tm;xkwfcJhzl;aomaMumifh olwdkUp½dkufESifh udkufnDaomw&m;udk emMum;&ojzifh vG,fulpGm &[EÅmjzpfMujcif;aywnf;/ 'kwd,ajrmuf tyg;ig;&monfvnf; xdkuJhodkUyif a&mufvmjyef&m Ak'¨u olwdkUa&S;b0yg&rDrsm;udk MunfhawmfrlNyD; -

oaAÁ ocFg&m 'ku©m? ,'g ynm, yówd?tx edAÁE´wd 'kau©? {o ra*¾g 0dok'd,m/

]]tvHk;pHkaom tcFg&w&m;wdkUonf qif;&J\/ (cE¨mig;yg;-'ku©)[k ynmjzifh ½Iqifjcif\/xdktcg cE¨ig;yg;'ku©w&m;ü NiD;aiGU\/ þum; pifMu,faom r*¾ifvrf;aywnf;/}}

[k a[mMum;awmfrl&m tm;vHk;yif &[EÅmjzpfoGm;Mu\/ olwdkUonf twdwfb0rsm;u'ku©mEkyóemudk yGm;rsm;cJhzl;olrsm;jzpf\/ þESpf*gxmü ]oaAÁ ocFg&m}t& avmuDpdwf (81)? apwoduf (52)? ½kyf (28)udk aumuf,l&\/ avmukwå&mpdwf (8)yg;ESifh ,SOfbuf apwoduf (36)yg;rygao;onfudk owdjyKcJhyg/ wwd,ajrmuf &[ef;tyg;ig;&mvnf; a&S;enf;twdkif; a&mufvmMujyef&m Ak'¨u -

oaAÁ "r®m tewåm? ,'g ynm, yówd/tx eAÁE´wd 'kau©? {o ra*¾g 0dok'd,m/

]]tvHk;pHkaom pdwf? apwoduf? ½kyfw&m;tm;vHk;wdkUonf tpdk;r&? tESpfom&r&Sd (cE¨mig;yg; tewå)[k ynmjzifh ½Ijrif\/ xdkcEmig;yg; 'ku©w&m;ü NiD;aiGU\/ þum; pifMu,faom r*¾ifvrf;aywnf;/}}

Page 40: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

[k a[mMum;jyef&m tm;vHk; &[EÅmcsnf; jzpfMujyef\/ þaemufqHk;*gxmü a&S;ESpf*gxmuJhodkU ]oaAÁ ocFg&m}[k ra[mbJ ]oaAÁ "r®m}[k a[mawmfrljcif;rSm cE¨ig;yg;zGJU&aom w&m;rsm;tukef yg0ifapvdkaomaMumifh jzpf\/ a&S;ESpf*gxmü ]oaAÁ ocFg&m} t& avmuDpdwf? apwoduf?½kyfwdkUudkom ,lxm;&m cE¨mzGJU&mü yg0ifaom avmukwå&mpdwf? apwoduf usefae\/

cE¨mig;yg;zGJU&mü yg0ifaom ,if;avmukwå&mpdwf? apwodufonfvnf; ]tewåw&m;yifwnf;}[k odapjcif;iSm ]oaAÁ "r®m}[k ajymif;í a[mjcif;yif jzpf\/ þ&Sif;jycsufum; "r®y't|uxmq&m t&Sifr[mAk'¨aCmo\ tmabmfyifjzpf\/ ]oaAÁ "r®m}[laomyk'fudkMunfhNyD; edAÁmefudkygaumuf,lrdrSmpdk;aomaMumifh -

oaAÁ "r®mwd {w¬ yÍöu©cE¨m{0 t"dayÜwm - oaAÁ "r®m [laomydk'fü "r®m-t& cE¨mig;yg;zGJU&mü yg0ifaomw&m;wdkUudkom aumuf,l&rnf/

[k rSwfcsufjzifh zGifhjyawmfrlcJh\/ edAÁmefonf cEmzGJU&aomw&m; r[kwf/ cEmrSvGwfaomw&m;jzpf\/ xdk*gxm\tzGifh "r®y't|uxmudk aocsmjyefMunfhygav/ þum; t|uxmom"u,kwådjzifh ]edAÁmefonf tewåw&m;r[kwfaMumif;} &Sif;jycsufjzpf\/ ,ckwpfzef obm0,kwådjzifh tewåw&m;r[kwfaMumif; &Sif;jyOD;tHh/

avmuü wu,fht&Sdw&m;um; ]ocFwçw&m;} ESifh ]tocFwçw&m;} ESpfrsKd;om &Sd\/uH? pdwf? Owk? tm[m& [laom taMumif;w&m;av;yg;wdkU\ jyKjyifzefwD;rIudk cH&aom pdwf? apwoduf?½kyfw&m;oHk;yg;udk ]ocFw} w&m;[k ac:\/ xdkoHk;yg;udk ig;yHkçyHkvQif cE¨mig;yg;jzpf\/

xdktaMumif;w&m; av;yg;wdkU\ jyKjyifzefwD;jcif;rSvGwfaom edAÁmefudk ]tocFwçw&m;}[k ac:\/ cE¨mig;yg;rS tvGwfjzpf\/ tdk? em? ao uif;&m edAÁmefcsrf;omudk &vdkvQif ocFwjzpfaomcEmig;yg;udk rNrJjcif;-tedpö [lívnf;aumif;? qif;&Jjcif;-'ku© [lívnf;aumif;? tpdk;r& tESpfom&r&Sdjcif;-tewå [lívnf;aumif; cE¨mig;yg;udk tjypfjrifvmatmif ½Ityf\/

cE¨mig;yg; tjypfjrifrS? cE¨mig;yg;udk rkef;wD;rS? cE¨mig;yg;qHk;rS edAÁmefudk &rnfjzpf\/ þobm0,kwådt& tedpö? 'ku©? tewåonf tjypfjrif&aom w&m;rsm;jzpf\/ cEmig;yg;rSmom qdkcJhaomtjypfrsm; &Sd\/ edAÁmefum; ,if;tjypfrsm; wpfckrQr&Sday/ ocFwçw&m;ESifh tocFwçw&m;udk qefUusifbuf[k zGifhjycsuf&Sd\/

ocFwçw&m;onf tedpö tNrJr&Sd/tocFw edAÁmefonf edpö NrJ\/ocFwçw&m;onf 'ku© qif;&J\/tocFw edAÁmefonf okc csrf;om\/ocFwçw&m;onf tewå tESpfom& r&Sd/tocFw edAÁmefonf twå tESpfom& &Sd\/

wdwdusus jynfhjynfhpHkpHk a[mr,fqdk&if þuJhodkU a[m&rnfjzpf\/ odkUaomf xdkygVdawmfrsm;ü edAÁmefudk edpöom&? okcom&tjzpf a[maomfvnf; ]twåom&}tjzpfum; wdkuf½dkufa[mMum;awmf rrlcJhay/

Page 41: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

ra[m&jcif; taMumif;um; - wdw¬dwdkU,lqtyfaom ]twå}ESifh xifa,mifxifrSm;jzpfrnfpdk;aomaMumifhyif jzpf\/

þum; ]oaAÁ "r®m tewåm}ü edAÁmef ryg0ifyHkjzpf\/ Ak'¨bmom0if trsm;pkonf edAÁmefESifh ywfoufvmvQif Oapä''d|d t,l&SdyHkudk &Sif;vif;tHh/ rZÑdryPÖmoygVdawmf? 0päokwfü 0pä trnf&Sdolu Ak'¨tm; edAÁmefESifhywfoufí ar;cGef;wpfck ar;\/(1) jrwfpGmbk&m;? &[EÅmyk*¾dKvf aoNyD;onfhaemuf tb,fü jzpfygoenf;/ Ak'¨u oów'd|dESifh

NidaomaMumifh ajzzdkUroifhavsmf[k jrpfy,fawmfrl\/ oów'd|dESifh tb,fodkU Nidygoenf;/&[EÅm\ ½kyfemrfonf rysufrpD;bJ odkUr[kwf ½kyfomysufpD;NyD; emrfu rysufpD;bJ edAÁmefodkUa&mufoGm;ovdk ar;aomaMumifh oów'd|dESifh Nidjcif;jzpf\/

(2) &[EÅmyk*d¾Kvf aoNyD;aemuf tb,fodkUrQrjzpf? ra&mufawmhNyDavm/ þar;cGef;onfum; Oapä''d|dESifh NidaomaMumifh ajzzdkUroifhavsmf[k jrpfy,fawmfrl\/ Oapä''d|dESifh tb,fodkUNidoenf;/&[EÅmyk*¾dKvf aoonfESifh ½kyfemrf csKyfjywfoGm;onf/ edAÁmefcsrf;omudk cHpm;jcif;oabm r&Sd[k,lqaomaMumifh Oapä''d|dESifh Nidjcif;jzpf\/

,ckacwf Ak'¨bmom0iftrsm;pk\ t,ltqonf azmfjyyg t,ltqrsKd;jzpf\/ edAÁmef[lonf ½kyfemrfESpfyg; csKyfaysmufoGm;NyD; bmrQr&Sd [kom xifaeMu\/ a[majymol trsm;pkuvnf;]cEmig;yg; csKyfNidrf;oGm;wm edAÁmefaygh}[k rjynfhrpHk a[majymavh&Sd\/ xdkUaMumifhvnf; em,loltrsm;pkt,lrSm;Mujcif;jzpf\/ xdkt,ltqrsm;aMumifh edAÁmefudk wu,fvdkcsifol r&Sdoavmuf &Sm;yg;oGm;\/

&[EÅmyk*¾dKvf aooGm;jcif;? ½kyfemrf csKyfoGm;jcif;onf edAÁmefr[kwfao;ay/ ]orkapä'r&P}[k ac:\/ taoudk jzwfvdkufjcif;? taoudk &yfvdkufjcif;om jzpf\/ xdkodkU ½kyfemrfcsKyfNyD;onfESifh cEmudk,fur®Z½kyft<uif;tusef r&Sdaom ]tEkyg'daoo} edAÁmefcsrf;omudkom cHpm;jcif;jzpf\/

aet&SdefaMumifh cE¨mudk,f ylavmifaeolonf at;jrMunfvifaom jrpfa&twGif; oufqif;vdkufvQif tylNidrf;jcif;? at;jraomt&omudk cHpm;jcif; ESpfrsKd;jzpf\/

xdkUtwl &[EÅmyk*¾dKvf pkawjcif;? ½kyfemrfcsKyfoGm;jcif;onf cEm'ku©tyl Nidrf;jcif;ESifhwl\/edAÁmef\t&omudk oEÅdokctjzpfjzifh cHpm;jcif;onf at;jrjcif;jzpf\/

(*rÇD&m*rÇD&r[medAÁKwm 'DyeDusrf;rS yxra&Tusifq&mawmfBuD;ay;aom Oyrm)oVm,weoH,kwfygVdawmfwGif -

um,ó ab'g "r®a|m ocsø aemaywd a0'*l/]]&[EÅmyk*¾dKvf cEmysufpD;onfrS aemufü edAÁmefüwnfonfjzpfí owå0g[laom a&wGuf

jcif;odkU ra&muf? (ocsøaemaywd)}} [k a[mxm;awmfrl\/tu,fí ,ckacwf vltrsm;pk xifaeouJhodkU edAÁmefonf bmrQr&Sdaomt&m[k qdkvQif

ocsø aemaywd- owå0g[laom a&wGufjcif;odkU ra&muf[k a[mcJhrnfr[kwf/ eówd- aysmufysuf\/ew¬d- r&Sdponfjzifh a[mMum;cJhrnfjzpf\/ xdkuJhodkU eówdç ew¬dponfjzifh ra[mMum;onfudk axmufaomtm;jzifh ]edAÁmefonf bmrQr&Sdaomt&mr[kwf/ oEÅdokc- Nidrf;at;aom csrf;omtaejzifh wu,f&SdaMumif; jywfom;pGm rSwfom;&rnf/

Page 42: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

(3) &[EÅmyk*¾dKvf aoNyD;onfaemuf jzpfolvnf; jzpf? rjzpfolvnf; rjzpf[k rSwf&rnfavm/ þar;cGef;onf ]{upöoów0g'}ESifh NidaeaomaMumifh ajzzdkUroifhavQmuf[k jrpfy,fawmfrl\/{upöoów'd|dum; tcsKdUNrJ? tcsKdUrNrJ[k ,lqjcif;jzpf\/

(4) &[EÅmyk*¾Kvf aoNyD;onfaemuf jzpfonfvnf; r[kwf? rjzpfonfvnf; r[kwf[k rSwf&rnfavm/ þar;cGef;onf tr&m0dau©y0g'ESifh NidpGef;aomaMumifh ajzzdkUroifhavQmf[k jrpfy,fawmfrl\/ tr&mrnfaom ig;onf acsmaeaomaMumifh b,fae&mrQ udkifwG,fí r&ovdk ra&r&m[dkra&muf 'Dra&muft,ludk ]tr&m0dau©y'd|d}[k ac:\/

0päuonf edAÁmeft,ltqudk ÓPfrrDawmhaMumif; avQmufxm;ojzifh Ak'¨u &[EÅmyk*¾dKvf pkawNyD;aemuf edAÁmefcsrf;om cHpm;yHkudk rD;yHkBuD;Oyrmjzifh a[mjyawmfrl\/ avmifpmukefojzifhrD;yHkrSrD;rsm; Nidrf;oGm;\/ Nidrf;oGm;aom rD;awmufrsm;udk ta&SUt&yfodkU a&mufoGm;oavm? taemuft&yfodkU a&mufoGm;oavm ponfjzifhar;vQif ajzzdkU&m roifhavQmfay/

xdkUtwl cE¨mtopf rjzpfawmhojzifh 'ku©rD;Nidrf;oGm;aom &[EÅmudkvnf; b,ft&yfodkUa&mufonf? b,ft&yfodkUra&muf ponfjzifhajzvQif roifhavQmf[k &Sif;jyawmfrl\/

edAÁmef*kPf&nfrsm;tocFwH tewH temo0H?opöÍöyg&H edykPH ok'k'´oH/tZZÆ&EÅH "k0H tyavmudeH?ted'óeH edyÜyÍöH oEÅH/trwH yPDwH od0Íö acrH?wPSmu©a,m tpä&d,H tAÇKwH/teDwduH teDwd"r®H?edAÁmearwH ok*awe a'odwH/tAsmyaZÆm 0d&ma*g p?ok'¨d rkwåd tev,H/'DyH avPÍö wmeÍö?o&PÍö y&m,PEÅd / /

(oVm,we oH,kwfygVdawmf)

(1) tocFwH - rlv&if;u ocFwyif jzpfaomfvnf; tvGefodrfarGUvSojzifh ocFw[k odaMumif; rSwfaMumif; vu©PmrS uif;íaexaom/

(2) tewH - 'ku©pdkufysKd; wPSmrsKd;wdkU rwdk;rn§yf rvmEdkif&mvnf; jzpfxaom/(3) temo0H - i&JNydwåm ab;{&mudk cgcgjzpfapwwfonfjzpfí aMumuftyfvSpGm wPSm'd|d

paom toa0gnpfqdk; w&m;rsKd;wdkU rwdkufcsKd;Edkif&m jzpfxaom/

Page 43: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

(4) opöÍö - edAÁmef[laom trnfemr pum;rQomr[kwf edAÁmef[laom trnf&Sdonf tm;avQmfpGm Nidrf;at;jcif; y&rw¬oabmtm;jzifh wu,frSefBuD; rSefonf vnf; jzpfxaom/

(5) yg&H - cE¨mudk,fqdk; 'ku©tkd;\ jyifbuf 0#fqif;&J a&t,OfrS xGufajrmuf&m urf;0 urf;xdyfBuD;vnf; jzpfxaom/

(6) edykPH - txnfj'yf Oyg'frxifonfjzpfí tvGefodrfarGUpGmxaom/(7) ok'k'´oH - ynmÓPfjzifhaomfvnf; EIdif;csifhaxmufq odjrif&Edkifp&m vGefpGmcJ,Of;

xaom(8) tZZÆ&EÅH - Nidrf;at;jcif; oabmtm;jzifh ay:vmNyD;aemuf b,favmufMumaomfvnf;

b,fonfhumvrS &ifhtdkysufpD;jcif;vnf; r&SdEdkifxaom/wpfenf; - tZZÆ&EÅH - Nidrf;at;jcif; oDwdbm0 obm0tm;jzifh ay:vmNyD;aemuf urÇm

ysufrD;? urÇmysufavBuD; a&BuD;wdkUjzifhaomfvnf; azmufjyefwkefvIyfjcif;r&Sd yuwd NrJNrHpGm wnfaexaom/

(9) tyavmudeH - Nidrf;at;jcif;oabm jzpfay:vmNyD;aemuf b,fonfhumvrS tb,fwpfpHk wpfckaMumifh ysufpD;jcif; r&Sdxaom/

(10) ted'óeH - ewfrsufpdjzifhaomfvnf; pu©K0dÓPfjzifh rjrifpaumif;xaom/(11) edyÜyÍöH - tdkjyefem& ao&qif;&J azmufvGJcgcg oHo&mudkcsJUxGifwwfol wPSm? rme?

'd|dwdkU rjyLrvmEdkif&m jzpfxaom/(12) oEÅH - wpfq,fhwpfoD; rD;BuD;Nidrf;at;&mvnf; jzpfxaom/(13) trwH - rdrdxH wnfa&mufvmol y&dedAÁLwyk*¾dKvfwdkU\ rtdkçrao tNrJwnfpHae&m

vnf; jzpfxaom/(14) yPDwH - jrif& a&muf&olwdkU ra&mifh&JEdkifzG,f wu,fvGefjrwfawmfrlxaom/(15) od0Íö - BuD;jrwfaom *kPfusufoa& &Sdawmfrlxaom/(16) acrH - ab;cyfodrf; ukefNidrf;uif;a0;&mvnf; jzpfxaom/(17) wPSmu©a,m - ab;udkjyKwwf aMumuftyfvSpGm ajcmufwPSmwdkU\ ukef&mukefaMumif;vnf;

jzpfxaom/(rSwfcsuf) / / ½lywPSm? o'wPSm? *EwPSm? &owPSm? azm|AÁwPSm? "r®wPSm? wPSm

ajcmufrsKd;udk um&Hudkufatmif ]ajcmufwPSm}[k oHk;xm;jcif; jzpf\/(18) tpä&d,H - 'ge? oDv? bm0em paom taMumif;w&m;wdkUESifh ruif;aomfvnf; ,if;

taMumif;w&m;wdkUaMumifh jzpfyHk ocFwedrdwf t&dyfrxGuf ,if;ocFwyHk[ef ESifh tvGefa0;uGm vGefpGmxl;jrwfonfjzpfí tvGeftHhzG,fo&J tHhtJpavmuf jzpfawmfrlxaom/

(19) tAÇKwH - wpf&Hwpfqpf rjzpfzl;ao;bJ wpfcgwnf;om jzpfvmNyD;aemuf raysmufrysuf tNrJwnfaeonfvnf; jzpfxaom/

Page 44: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

(20) teDwduH - tvHk;pHk qif;&Jab;'Pf[lorQ b,f[mwpfckrQ r&Sdxaom/(21) teDwd"r®H - qif;&J&SdaomoabmrsKd;rS qefUusifbufBuD; jzpfíaexaom/

{wH {wm'doH - þodkUoabm&Sdaom w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfudk? edAÁmeH - edAÁmef[lí? ok*awe- jrwfpGmbk&m;onf? a'odwH - a[mMum;awmfrltyfNyD? aom"ar®m - xdkedAÁmef w&m;awmfonf?

(22) tAsmyaZÆm p - ab;&efwGufwm b,f[mwpfck aMumifhMup&m r&Sdonfvnf; jzpf\/(23) 0d&ma*g p - ab;&efjzpfaMumif; &m*taygif;rS aumif;aumif;BuD; uif;a0;&mvnf;jzpf\/(24) ok'¨d p - ab;&efvmbG,f toG,foG,faom tnpftaMu;rS uif;a0; pifMu,fonf

vnf;jzpf\/(25) rkwåd p - ab;&efxlxyf bHkoHk;&yfwdkUrS vSvSBuD; vGwf&mvnf; jzpf\/(26) temv,H - tvdkvdk0 tvHk;pHkvSojzifh b,f[mwpfckrQ rawmifhwm&mvnf; jzpf\/(27) 'DyH - y&dedAÁLwmyk*¾dKvfwdkU\ ykef;atmif;&mwnf&m uRef;BuD;ozG,fvnf; jzpf\/(28) avPH - y&dedAÁLwmyk*¾dKvfwdkU\ ab;rSvGwfaMumif; ykef;atmif;cdkem;&mvnf; jzpf\/(29) wmPH - rdrdü wnfa&mufvmol y&dedAÁLwyk*¾dKvfwdkUtm; ab;rvm&atmif wu,f

apmifha&SmufEdkifonfvnf; jzpf\/(30) o&PÍö - rdrdxHcdkrSD;vmol y&dedAÁLwyk*¾dKvfü ab;rqdkuf&atmif ab;wumudkaumif;pGm

zsufpD;wwfonfvnf; jzpf\/(31) y&m,PH - y&dedAÁLwyk*¾dKvfwdkU\ tvGeftuJ wnfae&m vJavsmif;&mjzpf\/ (0g) ab;udk

aMumufolyk*¾dKvfjzLwdkU\ wu,fab;rSvGwfaMumif; aumif;aumif;BuD;vJavsmif; wnfae&mvnf; jzpf\/

(yxra&Tusifq&mawmfBuD; ay;aomteufjzpf\)*kPf[lonf *kaP;rS jzpfay:vm\/ xdkUaMumifh *kPf&SdvQif *kaP;&Sdonf[k rSwftyf\/

*kaP;[lonf yk*¾dKvf? j'yf? oabmw&m;? t&m0w¬Kwpfckck jzpf\/ *kPf[lonf xdkt&mrsm;rS xGufay:vmaom pGrf;&nfowåd jzpf\/ azmfjyxm;aom (31)rsKd;aom *kPfwdkUonf edAÁmef[laom *kaP;rSxGufay:vmjcif;jzpf\/

edAÁmef[laom *kaP;r&SdbJESifh þ (31)csufaom*kPfrsm; xGufay:rvmEdkifay/ þoHk;csufESifhywfoufí opöoHcdyfü jyxm;aom OyrmrSm rSwfzdkUaumif;\/

c,rwåH eedAÁmeH?*rÇD&m 'dó 0gpawm/tbm0ó[d ukr®meH?avmraó0 t0gpawm/

(opöoHcdyf)½kyfemrfcE¨m ukefNidrf;umrQonf edAÁmefr[kwf? tb,fhaMumifhenf;[lrlum; ygVdawmfwdkUü

okedykPH? ok'k'´oH? tZZÆ&EÅH ponfjzifh edAÁmef\*kPfyk'frsm;udk a[mawmfrlxm;aomaMumifh jzpf\/

Page 45: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

xdkpum; rSef\/ bmwpfckrQr&Sdaom obm0w&m;udk eufeJonf? odrfarGUonf ponfjzifh*kPfwifajymqdkzG,f&m r&Sday/

Oyrmtm;jzifh r&Sdaom vdyfarT;udk &Snfonf? wdkonf? jzLonf ponfjzifh ajymp&mrvdkouJhodkUwnf;/ edAÁmefxif&Sm;yHkESifhywfoufí rdvdE´rif;ESifh t&Sife*odefwdkU\ tar;tajzu xyfqifhaxmufcHxm;\/ax&f / / rif;BuD;? aumif;uifESifh edAÁmefonf xif&Sm;&Sd\/ odkUaomf wpfpHkwpfckaom taMumif;

aMumifhrQ rjzpf/rif; / / 'DvdkqdkvQif t&Sifbk&m;onf r&Sdaomw&m;udk edAÁmef[k ñTefjyrdavNyD/ax&f / / rif;BuD;? edAÁmefonf &Sd\/ taem0dÓPfjzifh odtyf\/ pifMu,frGefjrwfaom? taESmifh

t,Suf tydwftyif uif;aom? umr*kPf tmrdo uif;aompdwfjzifh aumif;pGmusifh aom t&d,mwdkUonf edAÁmefudk odEdkifjrifEdkif\/

rif; / / t&Sifbk&m;? edAÁmefonf r&Sdw&m; r[kwfvQif edAÁmefudk Oyrmjzifhjyawmfrlyg? edAÁmefonf tb,fodkUenf;/

ax&f / / avonf tqif;? yHkoP²mef? tBuD;tao;? t&Snftwdk tb,fodkU&Sdygoenf; rif;BuD;/rif; / / avudk ñTefjy&ef rjzpfEdkifyg t&Sifbk&m;/ax&f / / odkUqdkvQif avr&Sdoavm? avonf r&Sdonfhw&m;avm/rif; / / avonf&Sdyg\/ avudkñTefjy&ef rpGrf;Edkifyg/ odkUaomf av&Sdonfudk ESvHk;om;ü odae

ygonf/ ESmoD;0ü wdk;xdaeygonf/ wdk;xdaom vu©Pmtm;jzifh odEdkifygonf/ax&f / / rif;BuD;? edAÁmefonfvnf; þodkUyifjzpf\/ Nidrf;csrf;rI&&Sdonfh vu©Pmtm;jzifh xif&Sm;

&SdaMumif; odEdkif\/ avuJhodkUyif tqif;tm;jzifhvnf;aumif;? yHkoP²meftm;jzifhvnf; aumif; ñTefjyí rjzpfEdkifyg/

rif; / / vufcHygNyD t&Sifbk&m;? qufíar;vdkonfrSm edAÁmefonf wnf&mt&yf &Sdygoavm/ax&f / / rif;BuD;? edAÁmefonf wnf&mt&yf r&Sdyg/rif; / / edAÁmefonf wnf&mt&yf r&Sdjim;tHh/ edAÁmefonf r&SdEdkif? edAÁmefudk rnfuJhodkUrsufarSmuf

jyKEdkiftHhenf;/ax&f / / rif;BuD;? edAÁmefonf tNrJtpGJ wnfaeonfhae&m t&yfonf r&Sdaomfvnf; edAÁmefonf

&Sd\/ aumif;pGmusifhaom ESvHk;oGif;rIjzifh edAÁmefudk rsufarSmufjyKEdkif\/ Oyrm rD;onf xif&Sm;&Sd\/ xdkrD; tNrJtpGJ wnfae&mt&yfonf r&Sdovdk jzpf\/ ausmufcJESpfvHk; cwfrS? 0g;ESpfvHk;yGwfrS rD;&ovdkjzpf\/ pMumrif;wdkU&tyfaom pMum &wem? rdzk&m;&wem? ol<u,f&wem? qif&wem? jrif;&wm tp&Sdaom &wemckepfyg; wdkUonfvnf; wnfae&m t&yfr&Sdygay/ rif;usifhw&m; aumif;rGefolxHodkU uyfa&mufvmMuukef\/ xdkUtwl edAÁmefonfvnf; oifhavsmfaom ESvHk;oGif;rIjzifh tm;xkwf usifhBuHaomolwdkUom edAÁmefudk rsufarSmuf jyKEdkifMuukef\/

Page 46: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

rif; / / vufcHygNyD t&Sifbk&m;/vkyfief;pOfudk Munfhí edAÁmefudk rD;ESifh Oyrmay;xm;jcif; jzpf\/ 0g;vHk;ESpfvHk; yGwfwdkuf

&mü rD;onf rnfonfh 0g;vHk;xJrSmrS r&Sd/ odkUaomf MumMumyGwfwdkufaomtcg rD;onf xGufay:vm\/xdkUtwl 0dyóemÓPfjzifh cE¨mig;yg;udk tedpö 'ku© tewå ½Iae\/ 0dyóemÓPfxJwGifvnf; edAÁmefr&Sd/ cEmig;yg;xJwGifvnf; edAÁmefr&Sd/ odkUaomf ½IyGm;zefrsm;vmaomtcg tcsdefusonfESifh edAÁmefonfay:vm&\/

xdkUaMumifh edAÁmefudk rD;ESifhOyrmay;jcif;onf vkyfief;pOfudkMunfhí ay;xm;jcif;[k qdkcJhjcif;jzpf\/

Nidfrf;at;rIcsrf;omtqif;? toH? teHU? t&om? tawGUtxd paom umr*kPfig;yg;onf cHpm;&aom

a0',dwokcrsm; jzpf\/ cHpm;&aom csrf;om[k qdkvdk\/ ykxkZOfrsm;onf oHo&m tqufqufua0',dwokc cHpm;&aom csrf;omwpfrsKd;om xyfcgwvJvJ cHpm;zl;Mu\/ edAÁmef\ ]oEÅdokc} Nidrf;at;aom csrf;omudkum; wpfBudrfwpfcgrS rcHpm;zl;cJhMuacs/

xdkUaMumifh umr*kPft&om cHpm;aom a0',dwokcudkom txifBuD;NyD; edAÁmeft&omcHpm;aom oEÅdokcudk txifrBuD;jcif; jzpf\/ xdkodkU tjyifyef;pdwfu txifrBuD;aomfvnf; twGif;pdwfu txifBuD;NyD; ESpfoufaejyef\/ vufawGUjytHh/ ykxkZOfvlom;wdkif; ESpfESpfNcdKufNcdKuf tdyfarmus&onfudk tvGefESpfouf\/

xdkUaMumifh urÇmay:wGif aps;BuD;ay;&aom tdyfaq;trsKd;rsKd; ta&mif;oGufaejcif;jzpf\/aocsmqef;ppfMunfhvQif tdyfarmusaecsdefü jrif? Mum;? eH? pm;? xd? od tm½Hkajcmufyg;cHpm;rI wpfckrSr&Sdawmhay/ xdkodkU a0',dwokc r&Sdaomfvnf; Nidrf;at;aom csrf;omwpfrsKd;udkum; cHpm;aeonfomjzpf\/ tm½Hkajcmufyg;rS vGwfaeaom avmuDcsrf;omwpfrsKd;[k qdk&rnfjzpf\/

tdyfaysmfaepOfü cHpm;&aom Nidrf;at;rIt&omav;udk ykxkZOfvlom;rsm; tb,frQavmuf rufarmMuoenf;qdkvQif tdyfarmusaeolwpfa,mufudk r&ruEId;NyD; aumif;ayhqdkaomtpm;tpmrsm;udk auR;aomfvnf; aus;Zl;rwifonfhtjyif tdyfa&;ysufatmifvkyfonf[k qdkum pdwfqdk;onfudkom awGU&vdrfhrnf/

]]tdyfaysmfwmrsm;uGm pm;&? aomuf&? jrif&? Mum;&? xdawGU&wmvnf; r[kwfbJeJUbmvdkUrsm; aumif;wmvJ}}[k ar;vQifum; Edk;vmolu wduspGm ajzqdkwwfrnf r[kwfacs/ ESpfNcdKufpGmtdyfaysmfjcif;onf tvGefaumif;\/ þtcsufudk tdyfaysmfolwdkif; od\/ odkUaomf olwpfyg; oabmaygufatmif jyefrajymwwf/

tb,hfaMumifh jyefrajymwwfoenf;[k awG;MunfhvQif cHpm;aeus usefavmuDtm½Hkrsm;xJwGif tdyfarmusjcif;ESifh wef;wlvdkufí aumif;aomtm½HkrsKd; r&SdaomaMumifh [laom tajzonfxGufay:vm\/ avmuDtm½HkxJwGif yg0ifaom tdyfarmus&onfh csrf;omonfyif tm½Hkajcmufyg;t&omudk cHpm;aom a0',dwokcxuf omvGefaeao;&m avmuDcsrf;omrSeforQudk vGefoGm;aom

Page 47: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

edAÁmef\ oEÅdokc- at;Nidrf;aom csrf;omrIu a0',dwokcxuf omvGefyHkudkum; ajymzG,f&myifrvdkawmhay/

rdzk&m;BuD;wpfOD;onf u&0dwfiSuf\ wGefusL;oHudk Mum;&onfESifh ]bk&m;&Sif\ toHqdkvQif þiSufoHxufydkí om,mrSmyJ} [laom o'g"mwfrsm; jzpfay:vm\/ xdko'gw&m;rS avQmufívu©Pm,mOfoHk;yg;odkUa&mufNyD; aomwmyef wnfoGm;\/ xdkodkU o'¨gw&m;udk tOD;rlí aomwmyefjzpfolrsm;udk ]o'¨g"k& aomwmyef}[k ac:\/

þyHkpHü u&0dwfiSuf\ toHomrIonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ toHESifhum; wu,fwlonfr[kwf/ odkUaomf Ak'toHawmf\ om,mrIudk tjcm;rnfonfhtoHESifhrQ EIdif;,SOfp&mr&Sdojzifh avmuwGif toHtomqHk;[k owfrSwfxm;aom u&0dwfiSufoHESifh EIdif;,SOf&jcif;jzpf\/ ,ckvnf; edAÁmef\at;Nidrf;aomt&omudk ykxkZOfrsm; rSef;qodEdkif&ef tjcm;EIdif;,SOfp&mr&Sdojzifh tdyfaysmfyHkESifh EIdif;,SOfjcif;jzpf\/

trSefwu,fwGifum; edAÁmef\t&omonf tdyfaysmfjcif; t&omxuf rsm;pGmomvGefjrifhjrwfvSyg\/ xkdUaMumifhvnf; bk&m;? yapöuAk'¨gESifh &[EÅmt&Sifjrwfrsm;onf eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;jcif;jzifhom tcsdefudk ukefvGefapMuukef\/ eda&m"ormywf 0ifpm;jcif;qdkonfrSm edAÁmef\Nidrf;at;aom t&omudk cHpm;awmfrlMujcif; jzpf\/

Ak'vufxufu &[EÅmt&Sifjrwfrsm;onf qGrf;cHwpfcgxGufNyD;vQif wpf0ufudkbkOf;ay;NyD;usefwpf0ufudk aeajcmufvSrf;xm;vdkufum eda&m"ormywf ckepf&uf0ifpm;onf/ 0ifpm;csdeftwGif;pm;jcif;? aomufjcif;? ,kdjcif;? aygufjcif; vHk;0r&Sdawmhonfhtjyif xdkifjcif; £&d,mykxfrSyif jyifjcif;?ajymif;jcif;rsm;vnf; rjyKawmhay/

xdktcsdefwGif pdwf? apwoduf? pdwåZ½kyfrsm; csKyfoGm;ojzifh xGufouf0ifoufyif r&Sdawmhay/ xdktcsdefonf Nidrf;at;aom edAÁmefcsrf;omudk cHpm;aejcif; jzpf\/ vlUcE¨monf tpmrpm;bJckepf&ufxuf ydkaeír&aomaMumifh ckepf&ufaphvQif eda&m"ormywfrS xvm&onf/

NyD;vQif tajcmufvSrf;xm;aom xrif;ajcmufudk a&pdrfNyD; bkOf;ay;um 'kwd,tBudrfea&m"ormywf ckepf&uf 0ifpm;jyef\/ xdkUaMumifh oEéd"dum&u odu©myk'f rynwfcifu q,fhav;&ufrSwpfBudrf qGrf;cHxGufawmfrlMuojzifh 'g,um? 'g,dumrrsm;rSm 'geukodkvf&rI tifrwef enf;yg;oGm;Mu\/

xdkUaMumifh Ak'¨u 'g,um? 'g,dumrrsm; ukodkvfwdk;yGm;a&;udkyg xnfhxGufawmfrlí&[ef;awmfrsm; ],m0umvdu (pm;zG,fcJzG,f)abmZOfrsm;udk aemuf&uftwGuf odrf;xm;vQif ygpdwftmywfoifhap}[laom oEéd"dum&u odu©myk'fudk ynwfawmfrlcJhjcif; jzpf\/

ÓPfynm BuD;rm;awmfrlaom bk&m;? yapöuAk'gESifh &[EÅmt&Sifjrwfrsm;onf ykxkZOfrsm;txifBuD;Muonfh umrcsrf;om a0',dwokcudk vHk;vHk;rcHpm;bJ edAÁmefcsrf;om\ oEÅdokc tNidrf;"mwfBuD;udk rvIyfr,Suf? rpm;raomuf? r,dkraygufbJ (7)&ufwdwd 0ifpm;awmfrlonfudk axmufaomtm;jzifh a0',duokcxuf oEÅdokcu rEIdif;omatmif omvGefaumif;jrwfonfrSm xif&Sm;vS\/

Page 48: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

bk&m;? yapöuAk'¨g? &[EÅmrsm;onf oEÅdokcudk (7)&uf? (168)em&Dwdwd rvIyfr,SufcHpm;EdkifMuaomfvnf; ykxkZOfrsm;onfum; olwdkUtxifBuD;onfh a0',dwokcudk (7)&uf qufwdkufrqdkxm;ESifh (7)em&D qufwdkuf cHpm;zdkUyif rvG,fulvSay/ MumvmvQif NiD;aiGUvmonfom jzpfonf/

rnfrQaumif;aom AGD'D,dkum; jzpfygap/ oHk;em&DMumavmuf xdkifMunfh&NyDqdkvQifyifanmif;nmudkufcJvmawmh\/ Zmwfum;wGif pdwfr0ifpm;awmhacs/ usef toH? teHU? t&om? tawGUtxd wkdUwGifvnf; xdkenf;wl (7)em&DMumatmif rvIyfr,Suf cHpm;zdkUqdkonfrSm rvG,fulvSay/ þtcsufudk axmufaomtm;jzifhvnf; oEÅdokconf a0',dwokcxuf omvGefaMumif;xif&Sm;\/

vGwfajrmufrIcsrf;omavmuDe,fxJwGif tm½Hkajcmufyg; cHpm;rIxuf omvGefaom csrf;omwpfrsKd; &Sdao;\/

xdkcsrf;omum; vGwfajrmufrIcsrf;om jzpf\/ a&m*grsm;pGmwdkUwGif Elema&m*gum; aMumufp&mtaumif;qHk;? pufqkyfp&m taumif;qHk;jzpf\/ Elema&m*gonfwpfa,mufonf q&maumif;? aq;aumif;ESifhawGUNyD; a&m*g &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; aysmufuif;oGm;\/

Elema&m*grS vGwfajrmufoGm;jcif;yif jzpf\/ xkdvGwfajrmufrIcsrf;omonf umr*kPfcsrf;om a0',dwokcxuf rsm;pGmomvGefaMumif;udk a&m*gwpfrsKd;rsKd; aysmufzl;olwdkif; vufcHrnfomjzpf\/ 1995 0ef;usifcefUu jrefrmwpfjynfvHk;eD;yg; 0Ja&m*g pGJMu\/

wifyg;awG? aygifawG ukwfvdkU rNyD;Edkifatmif ,m;\/ vufacsmif;rsm;wGif t&nfMunfzkrsm; ayguf\/ EkdifiHjcm;aq;? jrefrmwdkif;&if;aq;? aq;NrD;wdkrsKd;pHk vdrf;aomfvnf; aysmufuif;jcif;r&Sday/ rdk;NydKtrsm;qdkaom pum;twkdif; pma&;olvnf; xdk0Ja&m*gpGJ\/ xx ukwfzJhae&ojzifh aumif;aumif; rtdyf&aom nursm;\/ tvGef pdwfqif;&J\/ xdka&m*grS csufjcif;aysmufvdk\/

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raysmufbl;? ausmif;rSm oHCmq,fyg; a&m*gjzpfae&if q,fyg;vHk; wpfNydKifwnf;ukrS aysmufw,f?ig;yg;u ukNyD; usefig;yg;u rukbl;qdk&if aysmufoGm;wJh udk,fawmfig;yg;[m cPbJ? rukwJh udk,fawmfawGqDu jyeful;wmbJ? ta&jym;ay:rSmjzpfwJh a&m*grdkU ta&jym;a&m*gvdkU ac:w,f}}

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xdkol\ tBuHay;csufaMumifh ausmif;rS oHCm (7)yg; &efukefta&jym;aq;½HkodkU a&mufoGm;\/ xdkta&jym;aq;½Hkonf &efukefjynfolUaq;½HkBuD;ESifh rsufESmcsif;qdkif um;vrf;wpfbufrSm&Sd\/ aq;½HkodkUa&mufaomtcg q&m0efçq&mrrsm;u aocsmprf;oyfppfaq;NyD; aq;vnf;oHk;&ufcefUvmxkd;&ef ñTefMum;\/ aomufaq;? vdrf;aq; jynfhpHkatmifay;\/

xdkwGif vdrf;aq;vdrf;enf;rSm tHhMop&maumif;ovdk ñTefMum;csufwpfckrSmvnf; tawmfxl;jcm;\/ vdrf;aq;vdrf;&yHkum; acgif;ESifhrsufESmudkcsefxm;í usefwpfudk,fvHk;tESHU vdrf;&\/ xl;jcm;

Page 49: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

aom ñTefMum;csufum; xdkaq;vdrf;aom oHk;&uftwGif; a&vHk;0 rcsKd;&bJ xdkouFuef; wpfpHkwnf;udkom 0wfxm;&\/

wjcm; ouFef;udk vJcGifhr&ay/ oHk;&ufjynfhaomaeUwGif 0wfxm;aomouFef;udk a&;aEG;jzifhjyKwfNyD; avQmfzGwf&onf/ ydk;rTm;rsm;ao&ef[k qdk\/ xdkodkU xdk;aq;? aomufaq;? vdrf;aq;wdkUudkpepfwus vdkufemNyD; jyKvkyfvdkufonfESifh oHk;&ufjynfhaomtcg wpfausmif;vHk; 0Ja&m*g &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; aysmufuif;oGm;\/ csrf;omvdkufonfh jzpfjcif;/

tb,fuJhodkU csrf;omonf[kvnf; ajymrjywwf/ odkUaomf rnfonfhtm½Hk cHpm;rIESifhrQrwlatmif csrf;omonfum; trSefyif jzpf\/ trnfwyfvQif a&m*grSvGwfajrmufrIcsrf;om [komwyf&vdrfhrnf/ twdkaumufrSwfvQif ]vGwfajrmufrIcsrf;om} yif jzpf\/ edAÁmefü ,if;vGwfajrmufrIcsrf;omrsKd; {uef&Sd\/

edAÁmefudk ed-0ge[k yk'fcGJ\/ 0geum; wPSm? edum; uif;jcif;/ ESpfckaygif;vQif edAÁmefonfwPSmrS uif;jcif;[k t"dyÜg,f&\/ wPSmudk y"meenf;tm;jzifh qdkxm;jcif;jzpf\/ usefudavomtm;vHk; uif;onfomjzpf\/ þae&mü avb(ac:)wPSm uif;aomaMumifh csrf;omyHkudkoma&;rnf/

wPSmavmbonf ylavmifaomowåd&Sd\/ wPSmenf;enf;&SdvQif enf;enf;ylavmif\/wPSmrsm;rsm;&SdvQif rsm;rsm;ylavmif\/ qefUusifbuftm;jzifh wPSmenf;enf; yg;oGm;vQif enf;enf;csrf;om\/ wPSmrsm;rsm; yg;oGm;vQif rsm;rsm;csrf;om\/

xdkwPSm\ e,fy,fonf us,f0ef;\/ tem*grfjzpfonftxd b0udkvdkcsifaom wPSm(b0&m*gEko,) &Sdao;\/ &[EÅmjzpfrS wPSmtjrpfjywf\/ Ak'onf wPSmudk y,fpGefU&rnfhw&m;[kodom&ef ork',opömtjzpf a[mxm;cJh\/ wPSmudk yg;aprnfh? aysmufaprnfh enf;vrf;rsm;um;-

(1) 'gejyKjcif;?(2) "kwifaqmufwnfjcif;?(3) r*fav;yg;&atmif BudK;pm;jcif;wdkU jzpf\/

vSLbG,f0w¬Kwpfckudk vSLawmhrnfqdkvQif xdkvSLbG,f0w¬Ktay:ü wG,fwmaom wPSmudkowfNyD;rS vSL'gef;Edkif\/ xdkUaMumifh 'gejyKjcif;onf avmbwPSmudk wpfzufwpfvrf;rS aoatmifowfaejcif;[k odtyf\/ "kwif\t"dyÜg,fonf udavomudk cgwGufjcif; jzpf\/

udavomq,fyg;wdkUwGifvnf; wPSmudk t"ducgwGufay;\/ erlemjytHh/ ywåydkPf"kwifaqmifNyD; [if;? xrif;a&mum wpfcGufwnf;jzifh NyD;atmifpm;vQif [if;av;ig;cGufrSm jzpfay:rnfhavmbwPSm av;ig;rsKd;udk jzwfNyD;om;jzpfoGm;\/ wpfxyfwnf;ompm;aom {umoeduf"kwifudkaqmifvdkufrnfqdkvQif aemuf'kwd,wpfxyfrSmjzpfrnfh avmbwPSmudk jzwfNyD;om;jzpfoGm;\/

xdkUaMumifh 0dyóemudk tm;xkwfaeMuaom &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;onf wPSmjrefjrefukefap&ef? r*fzdkvfudk jrefjref&ap&ef "kwifwpfrsKd;rsKd;udk pGrf;EdkiforQ aqmifoifh\/ v,fwDq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;uqdkvQif -

]r*fzdkvf&vdkolrsm;onf "kwifwpfrsKd;rsKd;udk pGrf;EdkiforQ aqmifoifhonf/ "kwifaqmifzl;rSomvQif r*fzdkvfudk &onf/ ,ckb0 r*fzdkvf&oGm;olrsm;onf b0wpfckcku "kwifaqmifzl;olrsm;om

Page 50: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

jzpf\} [k a&;om;awmfrlcJh\/r*fav;yg;wdkUwGif aomwywådr*fudk&onfESifh umrbHkü b0rsm;pGmusifvnf&rnfh wPSm

udk y,fowf\/ ou'g*grdr*fudk &onfESifh umr*kPfudk wyfrufaom wPSmMurf;udk y,fowf\/odkUaomf umr*kPfudk wyfrufaom wPSmtEkpm; usefaeao;\/ xdkwPSmtEkpm;udk tem*grdr*fuy,fowf\/ odkUaomf jA[®mb0udk wyfrufaomwPSm (b0&m*gEko,) usefae\/ aemufqHk;usefaom xdkb0&m*gEko,udk t&[wår*fu y,fowf\/

Ak'u wPSmudk tb,fhaMumifh enf;rsKd;pHkjzifh yg;atmifçukefatmif y,fowfcdkif;&oenf;/wPSmavmb\ qdk;usKd;um; rsm;jym;vGef;aomaMumifh[kyif qdk&rnf/ ouf&Sdudkjzpfap? oufrJhudkjzpfappGJvrf;wyfrufaom wPSmjzifhaovQif NydwåmbHkodkUa&muf\/ xdkwPSmonf vlom;wdkUoEÅmefwGif tqrwef rsm;jym;pGm jzpfay:aeMurnfqdkvQif urÇmavmuBuD;wpfckvHk; 'kAÇdu©EÅ&uyfac: tiwfab;BuD;qdkufa&mufrnf jzpf\/

xdkwPSmavmbonf xdkUxuf tvGefrsm;jym;vmrnfqdkvQif urÇmavmuBuD; wpfckvHk;a&rsm;vTrf;NyD; ysufpD;&rnfjzpf\/ xdkUaMumifh Ak'u wPSmuif;atmif enf;trsKd;rsKd;jzifh BudK;pm;tm;xkwfcdkif;jcif; jzpf\/ wPSmavmbrS vGwfajrmufrIcsrf;omudk ay:vGifap&ef avmuOyrmwpfckjzifh jytHh/

aiGacs;xm;&m jyefr&ojzifh vlwpfa,mufonf tvGefylavmifae\/ aiGaMu;tay:wyfrufaom avmbu avmifNrdKufaejcif;aMumifh jzpf\/ avmbtay: taMumif;jyKí a'goyiful;vmum wpfzufvludk axmifusatmif w&m;pGJ&&if aumif;rvm;? acsmif;ajrmif; owfypf&&ifaumif;rvm;txd pdwful;\/

tdyfr&? pm;r& jzpfae\/ xdktcsdefrSmyif EIdif;csdefqifjcifEdkifaom tawG;wpfck ay:vm\?]'DavmufaiGav; qHk;oGm;vdkU ighrSm bmrSjzpfoGm;wm r[kwfbl;/ trIvkyf&if acs;xm;wJhaiGeJU rumrdatmif ukefvdrfhr,f/ vlowfrdvdkU axmifusoGm;&ifvnf; ighb0[m oHk;r&atmif ysufpD;oGm;NyD/}

]oluvnf; ay;EdkifpGrf;r&SdvdkU ray;wmbJ? vdktyfwJholudk pGefUBuJ&if umv'gejzpfw,fvdkUbk&m;&Sifuawmif a[mxm;awmfrlao;wmbJ? uJ jyefay;&ifvnf; ,lr,f/ jyefray;&ifvnf; vSLw,fuGm}[k pdwfavQmhcsvdkuf\/ xdkodkU pdwfavQmhcsvdkufjcif;onf acs;xm;aomaiGtay: wyfrufaeonfhwPSmudk y,fowfvdkufjcif;yif jzpf\/

xdkodkU pdwfavQmhcsvdkufonfESifh vGwfajrmufat;csrf;aom csrf;omwpfckudk cHpm;vdkuf&\/ t&yfpum;jzifhoHk;vQif pdwfonf av;vHxdkif;rIdif;jcif;r&SdawmhbJ ayghqif;oGm;\/ þum; acs;xm;aom aiGtay: wyfrufaomavmbrS vGwfajrmufrIcsrf;omyif jzpf\/ ,ck yHkpHESifh cyfqifqifjzpf&yfrsKd;rsm;udk vlwdkif; wpfrsKd;r[kwf wpfrsKd; BuHKzl;Murnfom jzpf\/

A[d'¨ ypönf;0w¬Ktay:rSm wyfrufaom wPSmrS vGwfajrmufjcif;onfyifvQif þrQavmuf csrf;omaevQif tZÑwå cEmig;yg;tay:wyfrufaom avmbrSvGwfajrmufaom edAÁmefcsrf;omqdkvQif tb,fuJhodkUaom t&mESifhrQ wdkif;wmvdkUr&atmif csrf;omrnfqkdonfudk rSef;qíodEdkifay\/xdkUaMumifh Ak'¨u -

Page 51: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

wPSm, Zm,aw aomaum? wPSm, Zm,aw b,H/wPSm, 0dyÜrkwåó? ew¬d aomaum ukawm b,H/

]wPSmaMumifh aomu jzpf&\/ wPSmaMumifh ab; jzpf&\/ wPSmrS uif;vGwfaomolum; aomuvnf; r&Sd? ab;vnf; r&Sd} [k a[mMum;awmfrljcif; jzpf\/

þae&mü wPSmuif;vGwfaomol[lonf &[EÅmyif jzpf\/ &[EÅmonf pGJvef;rIwPSmtm;vHk;udk y,fjzwfEdkifaomaMumifh aomutm;vHk;? ab;tm;vHk; uif;Nidrf;NyD; edAÁmefcsrf;omudk tjynfht0 cHpm;&jcif;jzpf\/

uREfkyfwdkUonf pGJvef;rIwPSmtm;vHk; r[kwfapumrl pGJvef;rItenf;i,fudk y,fjzwfEdkifvQifyif aomutenf;i,f? ab;tenf;i,fNidrf;NyD; edAÁmefcsrf;omtenf;i,fudk cHpm;&rnfomjzpf\/'kwd, urÇmppftwGif;u [D½dk&SD;rm;ESifh em*gpuDwGif tEkjrLAHk;BuJcscH&aomaMumifh vlrsm; odef;ESifhcsDNyD;aoaomfvnf; xdkowif;udkMum;&aom jrefrmtrsm;pku ][kwfvm;} ESifh ]aMomf}[laom pum;ESpfrsKd;omxGuf\/

1333ckESpfu 'vESifh&efukeful;aom wdk;at;oabFmepfí c&D;onf&m*Pef;rQ aoonfhowif;udk Mum;&onfESifh jrefrmrsm;\EIwfrS ]tdk ..jzpfrSjzpf&av} ]uHqdk;vdkufwmAsm}[laom rcsdwifuJ0rf;enf;yufvufjzpfonfh toHrsm; xGufay:cJh\/

tEkjrLAHk;'PfaMumifh *syefvlrsKd;rsm; odef;ESifhcsDíaopOfu aomurjzpfbJ? wdk;at;oabFmepfpOfu &m*Pef;rQaoaom jrefrmrsm;udkusrS aomujzpf&onfrSm tb,fhaMumifhenf;[k qef;ppfMunfhvQif tpGJtvef;wPSm &SdrSomvQif aomujzpfaMumif;rSm v,fjyifrSm qifoGm;ovdk xif&Sm;vSay\/

xdkUaMumifhvnf; tbd"r®w¬o*F[usrf;ü ]0geawm wPSm, edu©EÅwåm edAÁmeEÅd y0kpöwd-0ge[kqdktyfaom wPSmrSxGufajrmufwwfaomaMumifh edAÁmef}[lí zGifhjyjcif;jzpf\/

ed*Hk;csKyftaejzifh ta&;wBuD; rSmvdkonfrSm edAÁmef[lonf bmrQr&Sdaom tbm0ynwf?ew¬dabm ynwfrsKd; r[kwf/ wu,fht&Sdw&m; y&rwfrsKd;om jzpf\/ avmuwGif wu,fh t&Sdw&m;y&rwfum; av;rsKd;om &Sd\/ ,if;wdkUum; -

pdwf = tm½Hkudk odwwfaom oabmw&m;/apwoduf = pdwfudkrSDí jzpfwwfaom oabmw&m;/½kyf = azmufjyefwwfaom oabmw&m;/edAÁmef = tdk? em? ao uif;í Nidrf;at;aom oabmw&m;wdkUyif jzpf\/pdwf? apwoduf? ½kyf[laom a&SUy&rw¬w&m;oHk;yg; xif&Sm;&SdouJhodkU edAÁmefonfvnf;

xif&Sm;&Sdaom oabmw&m;om jzpf\/ ax&myg'gef ygVdawmf jrefrmjyef yxrwGJ pmrsufESm (1) rS(9) xdudk pm½Ioludk,fwdkif aoaocsmcsm zwfMunfhapcsif\/ bk&m;tavmif;awmf wdavmu pMumrif;BuD; jzpfawmfrlpOftcgu ajrjyifrS aumif;uifa&mufonftxd BuD;rm;jrifhx,faom ausmif;awmfBuD;udk wefcdk;jzifh aqmufvkyf\/

Page 52: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

xdkUaemuf ukwif? arGU,m? acgif;tHk;? vdkufum tpHktvifygaom tcef;rsm;udk bk&m;&Sifrsm; pHaezdkUtcef;? yapöuAk'grsm; pHaezdkUtcef;? &[EÅmrsm; pHaezdkUtcef;[k oHk;rsKd;oHk;pm;cGJí tcef;aygif;ra&rwGufEdkifatmif zGJUpnf;\/ tm;vHk;NyD;vQif edAÁmefwGif pH0ifaeMuukefaom bk&m;? yapöuAk'¨g?&[EÅmrsm;tm;vHk;wdkU þausmif;awmfBuD;ay:odkU acwåcP <ua&mufoDwif;oHk;&ef t"d|mefjzifhyifhaqmif\/

bk&m;? yapöuAk'g? &[EÅmrsm;onf vlUb0u yHko@mefrsm;twdkif; zefqif;NyD; wdavmupMumrif;BuD;\ ukodkvfawmfausmif;BuD;ay:odkU <ua&mufoDwif;oHk; tylaZmfcHawmfrlMuaMumif; Ak'¨udk,fawmfwdkif a[mMum;awmfrlcJh\/ xdkUaMumifh edAÁmef[lonf y&rw¬tm;jzifh xifxif&Sm;&Sm; &SdaMumif;,HkMunf&J0HhpGm rSwfom;tyfyg\/

edAÁmefudk bmr&Sd[kpmrMunfh zsef;umygVdESifh usrf;tvmudk&rf;umom z,f&Sm;tbm0 ,ljyefvQifrlrrSef pGJcsufurSm;,ruokwftvmudkOapä'g jzpfjim;rmefwHcGef axmifvTm;ygvdkUigwum; jiif;&Smb,fusrf;*ef b,fvdka[maomfvnf;olUoabm a&G;rQrygedAÁmefNrdKU jynfatmifjcmrSmpdaEÅ,sm *kPf&SdzdkUr,Hkonfh olUudkyifa[mzdkU rjrifavrD;cdk; wu,fxifvQiftyg,fwGif epfOD;awmhav; /

rSwfcsuf/ / Ak'¨vufxufu ,rutrnf&Sd &[ef;wpfyg;onf ,ckacwf Ak'¨bmom0iftcsKdUuJhodkUedAÁmef[lonf bmrQr&Sdaom avvdk rD;cdk;vdk oabmw&m;[k pGyfpGJajymqdk\/ xdkodkU edAÁmefudk r[kwfrrSefpGyfpGJajymqdkaom t,l0g'ESifhaovQif ,ru&[ef;onf tyg,fav;yg;odkUa&muf&rnf jzpf\/

xdkUaMumifh t&Sifom&dykwå&mu ,ru&[ef;udk ac:,lum edAÁmefonf bmrQr&Sdaomw&m;r[kwf? xif&Sm;&Sdaom w&m;jzpfaMumif; &Sif;jyaomtcgwGifrS ,ruonf Oapä'0g'rS vGwfumaomwmyef wnfoGm;cJh\/

Page 53: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

N*dK[fqdk;jyóem1999 ckESpfcefUu jzpf\/ uREfkyfonf vHk;csif;pmtkyfwpftkyf a&;&ef&Sdojzifh vlol&Sif;NyD;

at;csrf;aom aiGvJhuefawm&ausmif;odkU a&mufoGm;\/ xdkausmif;onf vSnf;ul;NrdKUe,f tpGefwGifwnf&SdNyD; awm&ausmif;rS t&yfav;rsufESm av;rdkifausmfywfvnftwGif; v,fuGif;BuD;om&Sdojzifholawmfpifrsm;tBudKuf wdwfqdwfrI&oudk tjynfht0 ay;pGrf;Edkifonfh ae&mwpfckyif/

a&S;ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmuwnf;u wl;xm;aom uefBuD;wpfuef\ trnfonfyif awm&ausmif;\emrnf jzpfoGm;jcif;yif/ ausmif;xdkifq&mawmf OD;Owå&onf aA'ifeu©wf 0goemygoljzpf\/odkif;wwfolonf awGUolwdkif;ESifh odkif;upm;csif\/ pma&;olonfvnf; tawGUtBuHKxl;ESifh BuHKwdkif;pma&;csif\/

xdkUtwl aA'ifq&mwdkif;onfvnf; &if;ESD;uRrf;0ifolwdkif;udk wGufcsufay;csifMu\/xdkUaMumifh uREfkyf\ arG;ouú&mZfudk ar;NyD; wGufcsufavawmh\/ tajzudk&onfESifh ol\rsufvHk;onfjyL;us,f 0dkif;pufvm\/ uREfkyfudkvnf; wjcm;urÇmuvmaom N*dK[fom;wpfaumiftvm; tHhMoxl;qef;pGm pl;pdkufMunfhav\/

]]OD;Z0e? t&Sifbk&m;u wu,fhN*dK[fqdk;xJ a&mufaewmyJ? 'DN*dK[fqdk;xJ a&mufolwdkif;vufatmufi,fom;awG&JU awmfvSefykefuefjcif;udk cH&w,f/ r[kwfw½kwfawG tpGyftpGJcH&NyD; t&SufwuGJtusKd;enf; jzpf&wwfw,f? 0rf;Adkuf tcGJtpdwfcH&wwfw,f/ 'grSr[kwf 0rf;AdkufrSm 'Pf&mtBuD;tus,f&udef;&Sdw,f/

'DN*dK[fcGift&qdk&if t&Sifbk&m;udk 'DyHkpHtwdkif;udk jrif&zdkUr&Sdbl;? t&Sifbk&m; wynfhawmfajymwmawG wpfckrS rjzpfbl;vm;bk&m;}}

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wpfcgrS rvGJao;bl;}}]]OD;Owå& pdwfrqdk;bl;qdk&if wpfckavmuf ar;Munfhcsifw,f}}]]bmvdkU pdwfqdk;&rSmvJ bk&m;? ar;ygbk&m; ar;yg}}]]'DN*dK[fqdk;xJ a&mufaevdkU apmapmuajymwJh raumif;usKd;awG jzpf&wm[m N*d[fqdk;

t"duvm;? tukodkvfuH t"duvm;}}]]N*dK[fqdk;u t"duayghbk&m;? tukodkvfuHvnf; tenf;i,fawmh ygwmaygh}}]]OD;Owå&u bk&m;om;awmf &[ef;wpfyg;jzpfaeNyD; [dELbmomuvmwJh aA'ifzufuae

bufvdkuf ajzaewmyJ? uJ ..N*dK[fqdk;u t"duqdkwmudk OD;Owå& b,fvdkoufaojyrvJ}}]]tJ'gawmh b,fvdkajz&rSef; rodbl; jzpfaew,f}}

Page 54: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 57: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 58: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 59: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 60: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

Vif;wjyóemtrsKd;? bmom? omoem ruG,faysmufzdkUtwGuf trsKd;om;wdkif;wGif wm0ef&Sd\/ jrefrmudk

urÇmu odaeMuonfrSm rdrdwdkUudk;uG,faom bmomw&m;aMumifh jzpf\/ Ak'bmomonf jrefrmwdkU\toufaoG;aMumjzpf\/ Ak'bmomw&m;rsm; jrefrmjynfu aysmufuG,foGm;rnfqdkvQif jrefrmwdkUonftoufr&Sdawmhaom ½kyftavmif;aumifESifh bmrQxl;awmhrnf r[kwfawmhay/

jrefrmh,Ofaus;rI rSeforQonf Ak'¨\ tqHk;trrS qif;oufvmjcif; jzpf\/ xkdUaMumifhAk'¨bmomESifh jrefrm? jrefrmESifh Ak'¨bmomonf cGJjcm;í r&paumif;ay/ jrefrmjynf&Sd Ak'¨\bmomw&m;rsm; ruG,faysmufa&;wGif ta&;BuD;aomtcef;u@rS yg0ifaeolrsm;rSm Ak'¨bmom0if &[ef;awmfrsm;yif jzpf\/

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Page 61: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

rsKd;aphrrSef yifroefNrdwfNrdKUESifh aumhaomif;NrdKUwdkUonf bmomjcm;wdkU trsm;qHk; vTrf;rdk;xm;&ma'ojzpf\/

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,ckvnf; bmomjcm;wdkUBuD;pdk;&m v,fa0;NrdKUe,f? {vmNrdKUav;odkU w&m;a[ma&mufcJhjyef\/ NrdKUay:ü oHk;n a[mtNyD;rSmyif ]½Hk;yif} [laom awm&Gmav;rS 'umoHk;a,muf a&mufvmNyD;olwdkU&Gmüvnf; w&m;a[may;&ef avQmufxm;vmMu\/ olwdkUpum;wGif xl;jcm;csufwpfck yg0ifae\/

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ax&0g'Ak'¨bmom0ifrsm; jzpfaeygvsuf uHESifhuH\tusKd;udk r,HkMunfbJ avmuDt,ltq twdwfedrdwfawGudk ,HkMunfaeMujcif;um; tHhMozG,faumif;vS\/ tdrfaxmifa&;? pD;yGm;a&;?vlrIa&;rsm; xdcdkufysufpD;jcif;onf Vif;waMumifhom jzpfonf[kqdkvQif tukodkvf 'kp½dkufrSeforQa&SmifMuOfp&m rvdktyfawmhyJ Vif;wçrem;atmifom a&SmifMuOf&awmhrvdk jzpfae\/

Page 62: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

xdkodkUqdkvQifvnf; vlUavmuysufpD;&efom &Sdawmhonf/ opömav;yg;ESifh wdkufqdkifMunfhvdkufvQif avmuDynwf owfrSwfcsufrSeforQ trSm;csnf;om jzpfawmh\/ wu,fhtrSefw&m;onfrnfonfhtcsdef? rnfonfha'orSMunfhMunfh rSefae&rnfom jzpf\/

Oyrmtm;jzifh -tdkvGeftm;BuD;aomaMumifh em&onf? emvGeftm;BuD;aomaMumifh ao&onf/ aocgeD;

teufa&mif i,facs;rsm;ygjcif;onf emusifrI rcsdrqHhtm;BuD;aomaMumifh jzpf\/ xdkUaMumifh ]tdk&jcif;?em&jcif;? ao&jcif;onf ]'ku©opöm - qif;&JaMumif; trSef} [k Ak'¨u a[m\/

rnfonfh EdkifiHu vlrsKd;udk MunfhMunfh tdk? em? ao &SdaomaMumifh 'ku©opömonf rSefae\/vlUbHk? ewfbHk? jA[®mhbHk rnfonfhbHkudk MunfhMunfh tdk? em? ao &SdaomaMumifh 'ku©opömonf rSefae\/okcopömtjzpf rSm;,Gif;ajymif;vJoGm;jcif; r&Sd/ wu,fhtrSefonf rnfonfha'o? rnfonfhumvwGifMunfhMunfh xdkuJhodkU rSefae&rnfom jzpf\/

ukodkvfuHonf aumif;usKd;udk ay;onf[l&mü rnfonhfEdkifiH? rnfonfhbHkrS? rnfonfhyk*¾dKvfrsKd;udkrqdk ukodkvfaumif;rIudkjyKvQif aumif;usKd;udkom ay;rnfjzpf\/ b,faomtcgrS azmufjyefajymif;vJjcif; r&Sday/ tukodkvfuHu raumif;usKd;udk ay;onfqdk&müvnf; rnfonfhEdkifiH? rnfonfhbHkrS? rnfodkUaom yk*¾dKvfrsKd;udkrqdk raumif;rIudk jyKvkyfvQif raumif;usKd;udkomay;rnf jzpf\/ b,faomtcgrS azmufjyefajymif;vJoGm;rnf r[kwfay/

þodkU b,faomtcgrS azmufjyefajymif;vJoGm;jcif;r&Sdaom trSefw&m;rsKd;udkom t<uif;r&Sd ,HkMunfoifh\/ xdkuJhodkUr[kwfbJ [dkae&mwpfzHk? 'Dae&mwpfrsKd; azmufjyefajymif;vJaewwfaomavmuDynwfcsuf rSeforQudkum; yHktyfí r,HkMunfoifh/ csifhcsdefíom ,HkMunfoifh\/ ,ck Vif;wem;vQif cdkufwwfonf[laom t,ltqudk qef;ppfjyay;tHh/

vlaorSpNyD; tykyftpyftm;vHk;udk pm;wwfaomaMumifh jrefrmEdkifiHol EkdifiHom;tm;vHk;Vif;wudk ]iSuf,kwf}[k owfrSwf,HkMunfxm;Mu\/ xdkodkU tykyftpyfudkpm;aomaMumifh ,kwfnHhonf[kowfrSwfvQif ig;ykyfajcmuf? ig;yd ponfudk pm;aom vlom;rsm;udkvnf; ]vl,kwf}[k owfrSwf&rnfyifjzpf\/ t&if;ppfvdkufuwnf;u rsKd;aphrrSef yifroef qdkaomoabmudk qef;ppfjyjcif;jzpf\/

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Vif;w tdrfacgifrdk;ay:em;NyD; taemufbufvSnfhí tefrnfqdkvQif xdktdrf&Sif csufcsif;BuD;yGm;rnf[k ,lqMu\/ awGUNyD r[kwfavm/ avmuDynwfcsuf[lonf wpfae&mwpfrsKd; trsKd;rsKd;ajymif;vJaeaom trSm;ppfppfomjzpf\/ wjcm;EdkifiHrsm;udktomxm;í jrefrmEdkifiHwGif;rSmyif awmifay:a'oESifh ajrjyefUa'owGif ajymif;jyefvefaeaom t,ltqwpfck &Sdao;\/

ajrjyefUa'ou wpfwDwl;iSufudk ]]iSufqdk;? iSuf,kwf}}[k owfrSwf\/ xdkiSufatmfoHudkMum;&vQif vlemaoonf[k owfrSwf,HkMunfMu\/ awmifay:a'ou vlrsm;um; xdkwpfwDwl;iSufudk

Page 63: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

vmbf&apaom ]iSufaumif;? iSufjrwf}[k owfrSwfonf/ ajrjyefUa'ou ZD;uGufudk ]vmbfaumif}[kowfrSwf,HkMunfonf/ awmifay:a'ou ZD;uGufudk ]iSufqdk;}[k owfrSwf,HkMunfjyefonf/

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xdkUaMumifh ESpfrsKd;vHk; ]rSm;onf} [k qdkcJhjcif; jzpf\/iSuft,ltqudk rSm;onf[k ,HkMunfvQif ]ukodkvfonf aumif;usKd;udk jzpfapNyD;? tuk

odkvfonf raumif;usKd;udk jzpfaponf} qdkaomtcsufudk rSefonf[kvufcHNyD; jrefrmjynfwpf0ef;rSVif;wçem;rdaom tdrfrsm;udk jyefvnftoHk;jyKEdkifMuygap/ /

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(a&T[oFmawm&wdkuf? pHausmif;q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;\ ty&d[med,usrf;tzGifhrS)

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olonf q&mrSm;udk qnf;uyfrdaomaMumifh ukodkvfçtukodkvfuHqdkwm r&Sd? xdktukodkvfuH\ aumif;usKd;? qdk;usKd;qdkwmr&Sd [laom t,ltqrSm;BuD;udk ,lqrdaomaMumifh wd&pämefwdkUudk&ufpufpGm owfjzwfaeaom rkqdk;BuD;tjzpfodkU a&mufaejcif; jzpf\/

bk&m;avmif;Oa'gif;rif; a[mMum;aomw&m;udk emNyD;aomtcgwGifrS ÓPfyGifhvif;NyD;opömav;yg;udk udk,fwdkifxdk;xGif;odum yapöuAk'¨g jzpfoGm;av\/ þtcsufudkaxmufí q&mrSm;rI

Page 64: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

onf rnfrQavmuftxd aMumufp&maumif;aMumif; xif&Sm;vSay\/q&mrSm;udk awGUNyD;rS q&mrSefudk awGUolonf aumif;vmEdkifao;\/ q&mrSefudk awGUNyD;rS

q&mrSm;odkU ajymif;oGm;olum; aumif;vm&ef rvG,fulawmhay/a&TjynfomNrdKUü q&mrSefudk awGUNyD;rS q&mrSm;odkU ul;ajymif;oGm;aom 'umwpfOD;udk

oHa0*&zG,f&m awGU&zl;\/ ol\trnfum; ]]udkndK}}/ tnmom;wpfa,mufyif jzpf\/udkndK yxrqHk; udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaom q&mawmfonf ax&0g'enf;usus aexdkifusifh

BuHol q&maumif; orm;aumif;yif jzpf\/owåu*kFwå&ygVdawmfwGif Ak'¨a[mMum;aom q&maumif;\ t*FgckepfcsufESifh udkufnD

olom jzpf\/ ,if; ckepfcsufum; -

q&maumif;t*Fg ckepfcsuf(1) oDv? orm"d? ynm? 'ge? a0,s0ZÆ (cspfzG,faom pum;&Sdjcif;)? tw¬p&d,m (aumif;usKd;udk aqmifjcif;) ? ormew¬wm (wef;wlxm;í qufqHjcif;) ckepfyg;ESifh jynfhpHkí ½dkaoxdkuf aom*kPf/(2) xdkckepfyg;ESifh jynfhpHkojzifh cspfcifxdkufaom yd,*kPf/(3) xdkckepfyg;ESifh jynfhpHkojzifh csD;rGrf;xdkufaom bm0eD,*kPf/(4) vGJrSm;aevQif qHk;rwwfaom 0wåm*kPf/(5) ar;orQudk 'dkifcHajzMum;ay;Edkifaom 0peu©r*kPf/(6) ½kyfemrf cE¨mESifhpyfí 'd|djyKwfatmif a[mMum;ay;Edkifaom *rÇD&uxHuwåm*kPf/(7) tusKd;rJhaom t&mXmeü rwkdufwGef; r,SOfpyfapjcif;wdkUyif jzpf\/

xdkq&maumif;t*Fgckepfcsufudk rSwfrdvG,fap&ef refvnfq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;u rCa'0vuFmopfwGif -

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[k a&;pyfawmfrlcJhjcif;jzpf\/ xdkUjyif udkndKudk;uG,faom q&mawmfonf -&[ef;udpö? ESpf"l&üvHkvtm;onf;? [dwf[efenf;íypönf;rodk? pdwfrwdkcifysKd BuD;yGm;aMumif;/

Page 65: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

[laom tcsufrSm;ESifhvnf; jynfhpHkonfh q&mawmfwpfyg;yif jzpf\/ xkdq&mawmfonftvdkavmbudk Nidrf;owfEdkif&um; 'um 'umrrsm;xHrS tvSLcHjcif; r&Sdacs/ wwftm;orQ olUtvdkvdkjzpfaom vSLzG,f0w¬Kudkom tvSLcHawmfrlavh&Sd\/ xdkUaMumifhvnf; ,if;q&mawmfausmif;rS rnfonfhtvSLcHjzwfydkif;rQ xGufay:vmavh r&Sday/

uxdef&moD a&mufvQif tcsKdUaomausmif;rsm;rS uxdeftvSLcHjzwfydkif;rsm;? toHcsJUpufrsm;jzifh ,lyu©E¨mvkyfaeMuaomfvnf; xdkq&mawmfausmif;rSum; rnfonfhjzwfydkif;? rnfonfhtvSLcHoHrS xGufay:rvmay/

]]ax&0g'enf;usus uxdef[lonf 'um 'umrrsm;tm; t&dyft>rufrQyif today;jcif; r&Sd&/ 'um? 'umrwdkUu tvdkufwod vSLrSom uxdefajrmufonf/ ajymrSvkyfaom uxdefonftmedoifysuf\}}[k xdkq&mawmfu Mo0g'ay;zl;\/

xdkUaMumifhvnf; ,if;q&mawmf ausmif;wGif wpfcgw&H uxdefv ukefcgeD;rS 'umay:wwf\/ ]]uxdef[lonf 'umcif;rS r[kwf? &[ef;wpfyg;yg;u oif;ydkifwpfxnfjzifh cif;vQifvnf;uxdeftmedoif&\}}[k rdefUzl;aom xdkq&mawmfonf tvdkufwod uxdefcif;rnfh'um ray:vQifudk,fwdkifcif;rnfhoabm &Sd\/

odkUaomf ]"ar®m [a0 &u©wd "r®pm&ð } w&m;udk apmifha&Smufaomoludk w&m;ujyefvnfapmihfa&Smufonfom jzpf\/ xdkq&mawmf ausmif;xdkifouf (13)ESpfausmftwGif;ü uxdef'umçray:aomESpf[lí r&SdcJhay/ wpfckaomESpfwGifum; wefaqmifrkef;vqef; ckepf&ufyif &SdcJhNyD/ uxdef'umray:aygufao;/

q&mawmfu aMumifhMuylyefrI r&Sd/ rEÅav;odkU nw&m;yGJ <ua&muf&ef jyifqifae\/xdktcsdefwGif udkndKonf ta&mif;t0,f tqifajyojzifh rvSLzl;aom uxdeftvSL'geudk jyKvkyf&efxdkq&mawmfausmif;odkU a&mufvm\/ udkndKu -

]]q&mawmf ausmif;rSm uxdef'umay:NyDvm;bk&m;}}]]ray:ao;bl; 'umBuD;}}]]'gqdk&if wynfhawmfudk uxdefouFef; vSLcGifhjyKyg bk&m;}}]]uv'ge jzpfaeawmh aumif;wmaygh 'umBuD;}}]]q&mawmf y&dowfb,favmufrsm; zdwfcsifvJbk&m;? uxdefeJUywfouforQ wynfhawmf

tukeftuscHyghr,f bk&m;}}þuJhodkU 'umu vrf;zGifhNyD; avQmufxm;vdkufrnfqdkvQif odu©moHk;yg;udk &SmazGaeaom

&[ef;wpfyg; r[kwfbJ? ypönf;av;yg;udkom tpOfwpdkuf&SmazGaeaom &[ef;wpfyg;jzpfygu y&dowfrnfrQ auR;rnf? taumif;qHk;ouFef;ESifhom uxdefcif;csifonf/ qGrf;ya'omyif? aq;ya'omyifrnfa&GUrnfrQ vkyfcsifonf paomtm;jzifh vdktyfwm tukefajymawmhrnfjzpf\/ xdkq&mawmf ajymvdkufonfrSm -

]]'umBuD; wwfEdkifoavmuf vSLyg? 'umBuD; vSLEdkifwmudkMunfhNyD; y&dowfudk csifhcsdefzdwfMuwmaygh? &[ef;awmfrsm;[m vSL'gef;r,fh 'um? 'umrypönf;udk tydkukefatmif rpDrHaumif;bl;?avQmhukefatmifom pDrHaumif;ygw,f}} [l\/

Page 66: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

udkndKonf ajcmufaomif;cefUvSL&ef &ufowfrSwfNyD; 0rf;ompGm jyefoGm;\/rdrdapwemuom rdrdaumif;usKd;udk ay;EdkifaMumif;? avmif;upm;rIudk rjyKvkyfoifhaMumif;

Mo0g' ay;vdkufaomtcgwGifum; udkndKtwGuf bmoma&;? pD;yGm;a&; todrsm;wdk;oGm;í taygif;vu©PmjzpfNyD;? q&mawmftwGufum; udkndKu cifrifMunfndKrI enf;oGm;um vSLrIwef;rI avsmhoGm;onfhtwGuf tEIwfvu©Pmjzpf\/ xdkodkU jzpfvmrnfudk q&mawmfum; odonfomjzpf\/

xdkuJhodkU rdrdtusKd;udk aemufwef;rSmxm;NyD; wynfh'umtusKd;udk a&SUwef;rSmxm;aomq&mrsKd;um; &SmrS&Sm;vS\/ ouf&Sdjzpfap? oufrJhjzpfap wefzdk;odrSom wefzdk;&Sd\/ wefzdk; rodvQifwefzdk; r&Sday/ pmtkyfwpftkyfwGif zwfzl;\/ awmawmiftwGif; tvGefacgifaom awm&Gm wpf&GmrSvlrsm;onf olwdkUteD;tem;rS ausmufwHk;rsm;udk zdkcaemuftjzpf vnf;aumif;? vloGm;vrf;tjzpfvnf;aumif; toHk;jyKMu\/

xdkuJhodkU toHk;jyKaeMuonfrSm bkd;pOfabmifquf MumvSNyD jzpf\/ wpfaeUwGif ausmufrsuf&wemtaMumif; em;vnfaom vlwpfpk xdk&GmodkUa&mufoGm;aomtcgwGifrS vrf;cif;ausmufrsm;?zdkcaemufvkyfxm;aom ausmufwHk;rsm;onf pdefwHk;rsm;? eDvmcJrsm; jzpfaeonfudk awGU&\/

þjzpf&yfudk axmufí -ouf&Sd jzpfap? oufrJh jzpfap wdkif;wmr&avmufatmif tESpfom&jynfh0í tzkd;wefyg

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xdkq&mawmf\ t"dutvkyfum; *Pef;ay;jcif;wpfckom jzpf\/ wjcm;tvkyf r&Sday/ouFef;0wfxm;wdkif; omoemh0efxrf; r[kwfay/ pmaytvkyf w&m;tvkyf[laom tvkyfESpfrsKd;teuf wpfrsKd;rsKd;udk vkyfrSomvQif omoemh0efxrf;[k qdk&\/ xdkESpfrsKd;teuf wpfckrSrvkyfbJ wjcm;aom aumuDtvkyfrsm;ESifh tcsdefukefaernfqdkvQif omoemtay:udk 0efxkyf0efydk;jzpfatmif 0ifípD;ae&ma&mufaomaMumifh ]omoemh0efpD;} [kom ac:&\/

Page 67: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

omoemjyK[lonfAk'\ tqHk;tr a[majymrIrsm;udk ]omoem}[k ac:\/ xdkomoemonf yd#uwfpmay

rsm;rSm &Sd\/ ]omoemjyK} [lonf udavomtylrsm;udk ukefcef;apEdkifaom xdktqHk;trrsm;udk vlom;wdkU\ ESvHk;tdrfodkU a&mufoGm;atmif a&;om;a[majym oGefoifjyojcif;yif jzpf\/ xdkUaMumifh Ak'pmayrsm;udk oiftH ydkUcsaeolrsm;? a&;om; a[majym jyoaeolrsm;onf omoemjyKtrnfcHxdkuf\/

xdkUaMumifh udk;awmifjynfh apwDav;wpfql wnfjyNyD; *Pef;ay; aiG&Smaeolrsm;onfomoemjyK trnfcHxdkufolrsm; r[kwfaMumif; xif&Sm;\/ todÓPf enf;olrsm;onf wu,fwrf;omoemjyKaeaom pmcsq&mawmfrsm;? w&m;a[m w&m;jyq&mawmfrsm;xuf bk&m;wnfjyaomawmxGuf&[ef;rsm;? bdk;awmfrsm;? &aohrsm;udk ydkítxifBuD; av;pm;Mu\/

pmcsq&mawmfwpfyg; jzpfzdkU? w&m;a[m w&m;jyq&mawmfwpfyg;jzpfzdkU yd#uwfpmayrsm;udk ESpfumvMunf&SnfpGm avhvmoif,l&\/ bk&m;wpfql wnfjyzdkUtwGufum; rnfonfh yd#uwfpmayrS oif,lp&m rvdkay/ tkwf? oJ? bdvyfajr&SdvQif bk&m;wnfí&onfom jzpf\/ vltHkvG,fovdkvmbfvmbvnf; qlNzdK;vG,f\/

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udkndKonf tajymaumif;aom *Pef;ay;q&mawmf\ pum;udk ,HkMunf\/ tMunfndKydk\/ xdk*Pef;ay;q&mawmf\ ajr§mufvHk;tcsKdUudk Munfhyg/

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Page 68: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

,HkMunfaewkef;yif/ xdkq&mawmfonf touftm;jzifh ajcmufq,fausmf&Sdjcif;? udk;axmifjynfhwnf&eftkwfjrpf csjyxm;jcif;wdkUaMumifh vlvdrfwpfOD;jzpfvdrhfrnf[k rnfolrQ xifrSwfrxm;Muay/

xdkq&mawmfudk ,HkMunf odrSwf udk;uG,faeonfrSm av;vausmfoGm;ayNyD/ udkndKum;ay;vdkufonfh *Pef;rsm; wpfcgrQ ygrvmaomtcg MunfndKav;pm;rItpm; a'go0ifvmawmh\/olcsrf;omorQaom aiGusyfodef;ESpfq,fausmfonfvnf; ukefcJhavNyD/ ]aocsmrodbJ ighudk bmvdkU'Dvdk pGyfxdk;cdkif;&wmvJ? rjzpfao;ygbl;? 'Dbkef;BuD;udk aocsmoGm;NyD; ar;MunfhOD;rS}[k awG;NyD; um;jzifhxGufcJh\/

ausmif;odkU a&mufaomtcg olUq&mawmfESifhtwl toHk;taqmifypönf;rsm;yg rusefawmhonfudk awGU&\/ olwdkUESifhpawGUuwnf;u csjyxm;aom apwDtkwfjrpfudkvnf; onftwdkif;awGU&\/ ]igwdkUvmwdkif; vSLaewJh tkwfzdk;? oJzdk;? bdvyfajrzdk;? xHk;zdk;awG b,fa&mufukefygvdrfh}[kudkndKwpfa,muf ,ckrSyif awG;rdawmhonf/

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(v,fwDq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;)

azmifa';&Sif;raumif;í wdkufNydKjcif;

,m'doH 0yÜaw ADZH?

wm'doH [&aw zvH/

uvsmPum&D uvsmPH?

ygyum&D p ygyuH/

- csKdaomrsKd;aphudk pdkufysKd;aomolonf csKdaomtoD;udk aqmif&\/

- cg;aomrsKd;aphudk pdkufysKd;aomolonf cg;aomtoD;udk aqmif&\/

- xdkUtwl aumif;aom(ukodkvftrI)udk jyKaomolonf aumif;aomtusKd;udk cHpm;&\/

- raumif;aom(tukodkvftrI)udk jyKaomolonf raumif;aomtusKd;udk cHpm;&\/

Page 69: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

Ak'¨bmom0ifwkdU xm;&Sd&rnfh tjrifrSef ig;rsKd;&Sd\/ ,if;wdkUum; -(1) ur®óuwm or®m'd|d tjrifrSef/(2) 0dyóem or®m'd|d tjrifrSef/(3) r*¾ or®m'd|d tjrifrSef/(4) zv or®m'd|d tjrifrSef/(5) ypöa0u©Pm or®m'd|d tjrifrSef/ wdkU jzpf\/

ur®óuwm orm'd|d tjrifrSef - [lonf azmfjyyg *gxmt"dyÜg,ftwdkif; ukodkvfvkyfvQif aumif;usKd;cHpm;&rnf/ tukodkvfvkyfvQif raumif;usKd;cHpm;&rnf[k jywfjywfom;om; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; ,HkMunfjcif;yif jzpf\/

oHk;q,fhwpfbHkom; tm;vHk;wdkUwGif azmufjyefwwfaom oabmw&m;&Sdonfh ½kyf"mwfESifhtm½Hkudkodwwfonfh oabmw&m;&Sdonfh emrf"mwfom&Sdonf[k &Sif;vif;pGm ,lqrdjcif;udk ]0dyóemor®m'd|d} [kac:\/

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y,fNyD;udavomESifh ry,f&ao;aom udavomrsm;udk jyefvnfí qifjcifMunfhjcif;udk]ypöa0u©Pm or®m'd|d} [k ac:\/

xdkig;rsKd;wGif Ak'¨bmom0ifwdkif;ü rjzpfrae&Sd&rnfh tjrifrSefum; ]ur®óuwm or®m'd|d} yif jzpf\/ tajccH ,HkMunfcsufjzpfonfh ur®óuwmor®m'd|d tjrifrSefrS r&SdvQif useftjrifrSefrsm;vnf; &SdvmEdkifrnf r[kwfay/ ajrjyifwGif aqmufvkyfxm;aom wdkufwpfvHk;onf tajccHazmifa';&Sif; raumif;vQif cPESihfNydK\/

xdkUtwl Ak'¨bmom0ifwpfa,mufonfvnf; ur®óuwmor®m'd|d[laom azmifa';&Sif; raumif;vQif twd'ku©a&mufwwf\/ b0ysufwwf\/ bmomajymif;wwf\/ xdkUaMumifh ur®óuwmor®m'd|d tjrifrSef&&ef pmtkyfaumif;rsm;udk zwfoifh\/ q&maumif;rsm;xH qnf;uyfar;jref;oifh\/

xdktjrifrSefudk odvG,fatmifrSwfenf;rSm tdrfaxmifa&;? pD;yGm;a&;? vlrIa&;? usef;rma&;tqifrajyjcif;onf raumif;rI tukodkvfuHaMumifh jzpfonf/ xdktukodkvfuHonf twdwfb0uaomfvnf;aumif;? ypöu©b0wGifaomfvnf;aumif; jyKcJhMujcif;jzpfonf/ wpfzef tdrfaxmifa&;? pD;yGm;a&;? vlrIa&;? usef;rma&; aumif;rGefaejcif;onf twdwfb0? ypöu©b0 wpfckcku jyKcJhaom ukodkvfuHaMumifhyif jzpf\/

tukodkvfonf rD;ESifhwl\/ ukodkvfonf a&ESifhwl\/ xdkUaMumifh tukodkvfrD;avmifvQifukodkvfa&ESifhom Nid§rf;&\/ aA'ifq&m? bdk;awmf? r,fawmf? ewfuawmfwdkUu rdrd\ tukodkvfrD;udkNid§rf;ay;Edkifvdrfhrnf r[kwfay/ ]]apwem [H bdu©a0 ur®H 0'grd}} [laom bk&m;a[m a'oemt&apwemudk uH[kqdkxm;&m bmoma&;wGif omru pD;yGm;a&;? vlrIa&;udpörsm;wGifyg apwemaumif;xm;vQif aumif;usKd;ay;rnf jzpf\/

Page 70: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

uH\ tusKd;ay;udk aocsmpGm em;rvnfojzifh b0ysufoGm;&aom rdom;pkwpfpktaMumif;udk vufawGUwifjycsif\/

olwdkUrdom;pkwGif zcifjzpfolqHk;yg;oGm;ojzifh tBuD;qHk;om;ESifhrdcifu OD;aqmifNyD; pD;yGm;&SmMu&onf/ olwdkUonf qdkifcef;wpfcef;iSm;um qef? qDESifh ig;ydwdkUudk t"duxm;a&mif;csonf/

om;trdESpfa,mufvHk; apwemvnf; xm;? BudK;vnf; BudK;pm;MuaomaMumifh a&mif;a&;0,fa&; atmifjrif\/ ydkvQHaom tjrwfaiGrsm;ESifh txufpuf atmufpuf0,fum tdrfwGif½HkaqmufNyD;AD'D,dk jyvdkufao;\/ zcifqHk;oGm;csdefwGif om;tBuD;qHk;av;u tm;udk;ae&ojzifh olwdkUrdom;pktwGuf0rf;omrd\/

olwdkUrdom;pk pD;yGm;a&;atmifjrifí vtwefMumNyD; wpfckaom&ufü xdkom;BuD; 0if;jrifhwpfa,muf uREfkyf\ausmif;odkU &Tifvef;wuf<upGm a&mufvm\/ pmtdwfwpftdwfESifhtwl tcsKd&nfykvif;rsm;? rkefUyHk;rsm;udk qufuyfvSL'gef;\/ xdkUaemuf 0if;jrifhu avQmuf\/

]]q&mawmf 0w¬KaiG 5000 uawmh ypönf;av;yg;twGuf vdktyfwJhae&mrSm toHk;jyKzdkUtaru avQmufxm;ckdif;ygw,f bk&m;? taruawmh qdkifucGmr&vdkU vdkufrvmwmyg bk&m;}}

]]rif;a&m aps;ra&mif;awmhbl;vm;}}]]aemuf av;ig;&ufqdk&if aps;vnf;ra&mif;? AD'D,dkvnf; rjyawmhbl;bk&m;}}]][ bmjzpfvdkUvJ[}}]]wynfhawmf tck csJa&mif;aewm tqifajyw,f bk&m;? a&mif;ay;cuvnf; aumfr&Sif

pm;eJU wGufvdkuf&if wpfygwfudk aomif;eJUcsD &w,fbk&m;? 'DMum;xJu wynfhawmfa&m rdom;pkygcsJxdk;Muwm tNrJvdkvdkaygufw,fbk&m;? 'gaMumifh wjcm;pD;yGm;a&;awG jzKwfypfNyD; csJyJvkyfawmhrvdkUbk&m;}}

toufESpfq,fausmfom&Sdao;aom armif0if;jrifhwpfa,muf Ak'bmom0ifwpfa,mufjzpfaeaomfvnf; uHESifh uH\tusKd;udkum; wu,fem;rvnfao;ay/ xdkUaMumifh olwdkUrdom;pktwGuf&ifav;rd\/ raumif;wmudk wm;jrpfzdkU q&mrSmwm0ef&Sd\/ xdkUaMumifhvnf; -

]]armif0if;jrihf? q&mjzpfwJh wdkU&[ef;awGrSm 'um? 'umrawGtay: usifh&r,fh 0wå&m;ajcmufrsKd;&Sdw,f? 'DajcmufrsKd;xJrSm raumif;rIvkyfaewmudk wm;jrpfzdkUeJU aumif;wmudk ñTefjyzdkUqdkwJhtcsufESpfcsufygw,f? 'gaMumifh uHtusKd;ay;eJUywfoufNyD; rif;odoifhwmav;udk enf;enf;ajymjyr,f}}

]]rSefyg? ajymjyygbk&m;}}]]rif;wkdU igwdkU[m b0oHo&m vnfvmMuwm MumNyDuG? b,fb0u pcJhw,fqdkwmudk

rodEdkifavmufatmif rsm;vGef;aew,f? 'gaMumifh pmayrSmawmh terw*¾ (rodtyfaom b0tp&Sdw,f)vdkU zGifhjyw,f}}

]]owå0gwpfOD;&JU b0aygif;[m b,favmuftxd rsm;jym;ovJqdkwm odcsif&if Ak'¨vufxufu OyomvuykPÖm;BuD;taMumif;udk avhvmMunfh&if odEdkifw,f? &mZN*dK[frSm OyomvuqdkwJhykPÖm;BuD;wpfa,muf &Sdw,f? oltoufBuD;vdkU aocgeD;usawmh olUom;udk xl;xl;jcm;jcm;rSmowJh}}

]]bmawG rSmowJhvJ bk&m;}}

Page 71: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

]]rSmwmu olao&if b,folUtavmif;rS rjr§Kyfzl;ao;wJhae&mrSm jr§Kyfay;&rwJh? 'gudkb,fvdk odEdkifrvJ? tazudk,fwdkif tckuwnf;u &Smay;ygvdkU ajymwJhtwGuf oabmwlNyD; ajrae&mvkduf&SmvdkufMuwm aemufqHk; *dZÑuk#fawmifay:txd a&mufoGm;w,f? awmifay:u ae&mvGwfav;wpfckudkawmh ykPÖm;BuD;oabmusoGm;NyD; olao&ifjr§KyfzdkUae&mtjzpf a&G;cs,fvdkufw,f}}

]]tm;vHk;NyD;wJhtcg awmifatmuf qif;vmcsdefrSmyJ Ak'uapmifhNyD; taMumif;pHkudk ar;jref;awmfrlw,f? taMumif;pHkudk odoGm;wmeJU Ak'udk,fawmfwdkif awmifay:vdkufwufNyD; OyomvuykPÖm;BuD; tavmif;jr§Kyfr,fhae&mudk MunfhawmfrlNyD; 'D*gxmudk a[mawmfrlw,f}}

Oyomvu emrmed? o[ómed pwk'´o/to®ð ya'ao '¹kmed? ew¬d avmau temrwH/

]]ykPÖm;BuD;? oif ,ckñTefjy&m ae&mXmeü Oyomvu[kyif trnfrSnfhxm;aom oif\tavmif;aumifaygif; wpfaomif;av;axmifwdwd jr§KyfESHoN*ØK[fcJhNyD/ þavmu&Sd ajrBuD;[lorQüvlaoaumif rjr§Kyfzl;ao;aom ae&m[lí wpfae&mrS r&Sday}}

(rSwfcsuf) tifrwef oHa0*&p&maumif;wJh a'oemyg? jznf;jznf; wpfacgufjyefzwfNyD;rdrdatmufuajrBuD;[mvnf; rdrd&JUtavmif;aumifaygif; aomif;eJUcsDNyD; jr§Kyfzl;cJhr,fqdkwmudk 0dyóemÓPfeJUyg qifjcifyGm;rsm;apcsifygw,f/

]] 'D*gxmtqHk;rSm Oyomvu ykPÖm;BuD;[m aomwmyef wnfoGm;w,f? 'Dom"uudkaxmufMunfh&if rif;wkdUigwdkU[mvnf; OyomvuykPÖm;BuD;vdk b0aygif;rsm;pGm usifvnfcJhMuwmtrSefyg? 'Db0rsm;pGmxJrSm vlrdkufb0a&mufNyD; tukodkvfvkyfcJhwJh b0awGvnf; trsm;BuD;yJ}}

]]vlvdr®mb0a&mufNyD; ukodkvfvkyfcJhwJh b0awGvnf; trsm;BuD;yJ? ukodkvfvkyfvkyf tukodkvfvkyfvkyf aumif;usKd;qdk;usKd;ay;r,fh aZmapwem ckepfcsuf ckepfcsufapmw,f? b0aygif;awmifra&wGufEdkifawmh aumif;usKd;qdk;usKd;ay;r,fh aZmapwemaygif;vnf; b,fa&wGufEdkifygawmhrvJ}}

]]aZmapwem ckepfcsufxJu yx0b0rSmtusKd;ay;wJh yxraZmapwemeJU 'kwd,b0rSmtusKd;ay;r,fh owåraZmapwemwdkUuawmh tcGifhtcgroifh&if tusKd;ray;EdkifawmhbJ ]ta[moduH}jzpfoGm;w,f? t&yfpum;eJUajym&&if tvum;jzpfoGm;wmaygh}}

]]wwd,b0upNyD; edAÁmefra&mufrcsif; aemufuçwaumufaumufvdkufNyD; aumif;usKd;qdk;usKd;ay;r,fh owåraZmapwemawGuawmh rysufpD;bJ tusKd;ay;&atmif tNrJapmifhaew,f? 'gudk&nf&G,fNyD; rCa'0rSm -

&Sifvlowå0g? xdkrsm;pGmum;ty&my&d,? uHudpöESifhuif;Muolbd? rnfr&Sd&SifhrodEdkifawmif;? uHqdk;aumif;udkOau©mif;&Gufí? tcsufoifh&mcH&pGm\/

Page 72: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

vdkU a&;pyfawmfrlcJhwmaygh? 'DowåraZmudk ty&my&d,HvdkUvnf; emrnfwyfw,f? tckypöu©rSm&SdwJh ykxkZOf vlom;wdkif;[m csrf;omcsifMuw,f? csrf;omatmifvnf; enf;vrf;trsKd;rsKd;eJUBudK;pm;aeMuw,f? 'gayr,fh vlwdkif;rcsrf;ombl;? &if;ESD;xm;wJh aiGaMu;taetxm;csif;vnf; wlw,f?BudK;pm;tm;xkwfwmcsif;vnf; wlw,f}}

]]'gayr,fh tusKd;ay;usawmhrwlMuwm[m twdwfu owåraZmukodkvfuHawG&JU yHhydk;rIcsif; uGmoGm;vdkUyJ? ypöKyÜefuHawG aumif;oxuf aumif;atmif BudK;pm;aezdkUu vlom;wpfa,muf&JUt"duwm0efyJ? twdwfuHawGudk arQmfudk;aezdkU aMumufvefUaezdkU rvdkayr,fh olwdkUpGrf;&nfudk todtrSwfawmh jyKxm;r,f? twdwfuH ypöKyÜefuHawG&JU tusKd;oGm;udk aocsmem;vnfxm;rS ax&0g'Ak'¨bmom0if wpfa,muftwGuf azmifa';&Sif;aumif;r,f/

or®mtmZD0usus pGrf;tm;&Sdoavmuf pD;yGm;&SmaeMuwm[m vlwpfa,mufpD avSmfwufwpfckpDudkifNyD; avSmfaeMuwmeJU wlw,f? 'DtcsdefrSm wpfOD;aomavSorm;u &Gufwdkufvdkufr,fqdk&ifavSmfwufwpfckudkom tm;udk;&wJh avSorm;udk cPeJUausmfwufoGm;rSmyJ? ½dk;½dk;avSmfwuform;[m&GufygoHk;vdkufwJh avSorm;udk b,fvdkrS r,SOfEkdifawmhygbl;}}

]]xdkUtwlyJ ypöu©b0 uH ÓPf 0D&d, oHk;yg;eJU vlESpfa,muf tNydKiftqdkif pD;yGm;&SmaeMuw,f? 'DtcsdefrSm wpfa,mufudk twdwfuHuyg axmufyHhvdkufawmh [dkwpfzufuvludk cPeJUausmfwufoGm;awmhwmaygh? ypöKyÜef uH ÓPf 0D&d, oHk;rsKd;eJU BudK;pm;aeMuol[m ypöKyÜef uH ÓPf 0D&d, tjyiftwdwfukodkvfuHyg aygif;vkdufwJhvludk b,fvdkrS rrDEdkifawmhbl;? &Gufa&m avSmfwufyg ESpfrsKd;vHk;oHk;aewJhvludk avSmfwufwpfrsKd;wnf; oHk;aewJhvlu b,fvdkrS rrDEdkifawmhovdkaygh/}}

]]ydkNyD;em;vnfatmif armif0if;jrihfudk om"uaqmifNyD; ed*Hk;csKyfajymawmhr,f? tcktcsdef[m armif0if;jrihfwdkUudk twdwfukodkvfuHuyg taxmuftyHh ay;aew,f? 'gaMumifh aps;a&mif;vnf;atmifjrifw,f? AD'D,dkjyvnf; atmifjrifw,f? tck csJa&mif;awmhvnf; atmifjrifw,f? 'Dae&mrSmarmif0if;jrihf oabmaygufxm;&rSmu csJwpfckwnf;aMumifh pD;yGm;a&; atmifjrifaewm r[kwfbl;qdkwmudkyJ}}

]]'Dawmh wdkU&JUoabmudk ajym&&if b,f[mvkyfvkyf pD;yGm;wufwmcsif;twlwl or®mtmZD0usus aps;a&mif;NyD; pD;yGm;wufwmudkyJ tm;ay;csifw,f? or®mtmZD0uswJh pD;yGm;a&;tvkyfqdkwm o&ufwdkU ydEéJwdkUvdk oufBuD;yif pdkufwmeJU wlw,f? ESpfBuD;yifrsm;[m wpfcgpdkufxm;wmeJUMumav toD;udk ydkpm;&avyJ}}

]]xdkUtwl ta&mif;t0,f tvkyfqdkwmvnf; Mumav rdwfrsm;av? pD;yGm;wufavyJ?csJvdk zJvdk wpfyGJwdk; pD;yGm;a&;tvkyfu &moDyif(wpfcgpm;) iSufaysmyif pdkuf&ovdkyJ? iSufaysmyif[mwpfcgoD;NyD;wmeJU tyifaowmyJ? avmif;upm;rIeJU ywfoufwJh pD;yGm;a&;[mvnf; cPom pm;&wmyg? aemufqHk;awmh udk,fh&SdwmawG ukefoGm;wmyJ? uJ tcsdefvifhaer,f? jyifcsifjyefawmhavuGm}}

]]wifyghbk&m;}}armif0if;jrihf jyefoGm;cJhNyD/ w&m;emy&dwfowf wpfa,mufwnf;udk a[m&onfhyGJ jzpfaomf

vnf; uREfkyfum; atmifjrifatmif ra[mEdkifcJhyg/ armif0if;jrifhum; &moDyifudktm;usNyD; ESpf&SnfyifESifh

Page 73: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

wlaom aps;a&mif;jcif;tvkyfudk jzKwfypfvdkuf\/ rdcifuvnf; b,fvdkrS rwm;Edkif/olUrdcif udk,fwdkifuvnf; csJcPcP aygufaeaomaMumifh om;bufudk cwfygygjzpfae

[efwlonf/ ajcmufvausmfausmfcefUom Mumygonf/ twdwfu ukodkvfuH tvSnfhNyD;oGm;í tukodkvfuH tvSnfha&mufavaomtcg 'dkifwGif &S,f,m0ifxm;aom armif0if;jrihfwpfa,muf ydkufqHukefatmif avsmfvdkuf&awmh\/

odkUaomf aemifwr&ao;/ aemufwpfBudrf NcHuGufwpfuGuffa&mif;NyD; 'dkifqufudkifjyef\/xdkwpfBudrfwGifvnf; atm*Pef;yif xyfrHxGufjyef&m tdrf&SdAD'D,dkatmufpufygrusef a&mif;NyD;avsmfaomfvnf; csJa<u;um; rausEdkif/ aemufqHk;wGif xdk;om;rsm;u owfygrnf wuJuJ vkyfaeaomaMumifhrdom;pkudkxm;um vufvGwf xGufajy;&avawmh\/

,ckawmh olUrdcifonf qdkifcef;r0,fEdkifawmhojzifh vrf;ab;wGif csa&mif;aom ysHusaps;onfb0odkU jyefa&mufae&avNyD/ armif0if;jrihfwdkU rdom;pktjzpfonfum; ax&0g'Ak'bmom0ifrsm;jzpfygvsuf tajccHjzpfaom ur®óuwmor®m'd|d tjrifrSefudk em;vnf vufcH usifhoHk;Edkifjcif;r&Sdojzihf b0ysuf&jcif;jzpf&um; ]]azmifa';&Sif; raumif;í? wdkufNydK&onf}} [kom qdkvkdufcsifygawmhonf/

"mwfvHk; jyóemyGwfvdkuf&if ajymifaqmifjyefawmh av;a&pdrfum aomufjyefawmhao;aygufw,fav;/ /

uREkfyfwkdUi,fpOfu zcifu rMumcP&Gwfjyavh&Sdaom "mwfvHk;pGrf;&nfjy *gxmav;yifjzpf\/ "mwfvHk;rSeforQwGif txufyg tpGrf;oHk;ckum; aocsmayguf &Sd\/ touf&Snfjcif; tm,kod'd?Opömaygrsm;jcif; "eod'd? vmbfvmbaumif;jcif; vmbod'd ponfwkdUum; "mwfvHk;wGif r&Sd? "mwfvHk;udkaqmifxm;ol\ yg;pyfwGifom &Sdwwf\/

&SiftZÆa*gP "mwfvHk;atmifí a&Tjzpfonfqdkaom taMumif;t&mrSmvnf; usrf;tcdkiftrm &Sdonfr[kwf/ zdkorm;wdkU\ EIwfxGufZmwfvrf;wpfckom jzpf\/ trSefESifha&maeaom trSm;udkvlwkdUonftqiftjcifr&Sd tuef;,Hk? t&rf;,Hk ,HkwwfMu\/ Oyrmtm;jzifh jrefrm&mZ0ifwGif bdk;awmfrif;w&m;(OD;0dkif;)onf wu,f&SdcJh\/

ax&0g' Ak'¨bmomudk arS;rSdeftm;enf;apEdkifaom wEÅ&? rEÅ& t&nf;BuD;vufusefynmrsm;jzpfonfh aA'if? "mwf½dkuf? tif;? tdkif? bdk;awmf? 0dZÆmtvkyfrsm;udk EdkifiHawmfwpf0ef; ydwfyifwm;jrpfcJhzl;\/ bk&iftqufquf NrdKU½dk;wHwdkif;atmufwGif jr§Kyfxm;Muaom tif;rsKd;pHkudk xkwf,lumjynfolrsm; a&SUrSmyif {&m0wDjrpftwGif;odkU ypfcsap\/

Page 74: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

xdktjzpfudk 0dZÆm? bdk;awmf*dkPf;0ifwdkU qwfqwfcg emcJhMu\/ qDpdkaeaom olwdkU\yg;pyfrsm; ajcmufaoGUoGm;cJh&aomaMumifhwnf;/ xdkUaMumifhvnf; aESmif;vlwdkU bdk;awmfrif;w&m;udk vlqdk;BuD;tjzpfjrifNyD; olwdkUbkd;awmfrsm;udk vlpGrf;aumif;tjzpf xifay:ap&ef vkyfZmwfwpfck xGifvkdufMu\/

xdkvkyfZmwfum; bdk;awmfrif;w&m;u bdk;bdk;atmifudkzrf;cdkif;NyD; taoowfyHk? bkd;bdk;atmifu olUtpGrf;jzifh vGwfajrmufatmif vkyfjyNyD; 0çvHk;udk zsufckdif;yHk? wpfvHk;zsufvdkufvQif ESpfvHk;ay:vmyHkyifwnf;/ bdk;awmfrif;w&m; trSefwu,f &SdcJhaomfvnf; bdk;bkd;atmifudk tjypfr&Sd tjypf&Smowfaom jzpf&yfum; wu,fr&SdcJhay/

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Page 76: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 77: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 80: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 81: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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Page 84: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

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ol<u,feJUa':ukvm;rwdkU&JU tvSLt*FgoHk;csufudk EIdif;,SOfMunfh&if vSLzG,f0w¬KrSmvnf; eEd,ol<u,fu

omw,f? ausmif;tvSLqdkawmh qGrf;tvSLxuf trsm;BuD;omwmaygh? tvSLcHyk*¾dKvfrSmvnf; eEd,

ol<u,fu omw,f? eEd,ol<u,fu oufawmfxif&Sm;bk&m;? a':ukvm;ru ½kyfyGm; r[kwfvm;}}

]]y"metusqHk; pdwfapwemusawmh twlwlyJjzpfaew,f? eEd,ol<u,fuvnf; ouf

awmfxif&Sm;bk&m;udk pdwfapwemtjynfheJU ausmif;vSLw,f? a':ukvm;ruvnf; Ak'¨udk,fyGm;½kyfwk

awmfudk pdwfapwemtjynfheJU qGrf;vSL'gef;w,f? ]oar pdwåH orH zvH} pdwfapwemcsif;wl&if tusKd;

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b,favmufaumif;aumif; rsKd;aphraumif;&if bmrSrjzpfxGef;awmhbl;}}

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arwåm&Sif (a&Tjynfom)

Page 85: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

Ak'¨bmom0ifwdkif;tusifhodu©m jzLpifoifh\/taMumif;um;Ak'¨bmom0ifwpfOD; raumif;wmvkyfvQifrdrdomru&wemoHk;yg;ESifh q&mygodu©musEdkifaomaMumifhyifwnf;/

rdrdudk,fawGU? q&mhudk,fawGUESifhrNyD;Ak'¨udk,fawGU ygVdawmf

t|uxmrsm;ESifh rudkufnDvQiftrSm;omjzpfonf/

bkef;uHBuD;rm;wdkif; &[EÅmr[kwf/&[EÅmwdkif;vnf; bkef;uHrBuD;rm;/ykxkZOfjzpfaomfvnf; 'ge&SdcJhvQifbkef;uHBuD;rm;\/

avmouwdórax&fonf&[EÅmjzpfaomfvnf; y&dedAÁmef0ifpHonftxdqGrf;wpfeyfrQ 0atmif bkOf;ay;roGm;cJh&/'ger&Sdonfhtjyif twdwfb0wpfcku£ómrpä&d,pdwfxm;jzifh &[ef;wpfyg;\vmbfvmbudkzsufqD;cJhrdaomaMumifhyifjzpf\/

aumif;uifysHEdkifwdkif;vnf; &[EÅmr[kwf/&[EÅmwdkif;vnf; aumif;uifrysHEdkif/bk&m;&Sifudk aoG;pdrf;wnfatmifvkyfaom?oHCmoif;cGJaom? ykxkZOfomjzpfonfh&Sifa'0'wfonf aumif;uifrSmysHEdkifcJh\/ua#ESifhcsDNyD;&Sdonfh oku©0dyóu&[EÅmrsm;onfaumif;uifodkU rysHEdkifMuay/

q&mawmf t&SifZ0e

arwåm&Sif (a&Tjynfom)

q&mawmf t&SifZ0e

arwåm&Sif (a&Tjynfom)

q&mawmf t&SifZ0e

arwåm&Sif (a&Tjynfom)

Page 86: အရွင္ဇ၀န-ေမတၱာရွင္(ေရြျပည္သာ)ေထရ၀ါဒမွတ္ေက်ာက္

q&mawmf t½SifZ0e arwåm½Sif (a½Tjynfom) \

]] xkwfa0NyD; pmtkyfrsm; }}

1/ rsuf&nfruscif odapcsif 2/ ,HkrSwfvdkU yHktyfrdolrsm;taMumif; (1) 3/ ,HkrSwfvdkU yHktyfrdolrsm;taMumif; (2) 4/ o&P*HktpGrf; tHhrcef; 5/ arwåmtpGrf; tHhrcef; 6/ oDvtpGrf; tHhrcef; 7/ pm&dwåowåd 8/ r*fwm;zdkvfwm; tEÅ&m,frsm; 9/ twGif;&efol10/ rdbarwåm&opmpkrsm; (rif;[def;xd0fESifhtwl)11/ jrefrmwdkU\touf12/ t½IH;r&Sdaom 'óe13/ Aprofitable Philosophy

14/ vli,frsm;twGuf *rÇD&0dyóem (1+2)15/ vli,frsm;twGuf *rÇD&0dyóem (3+4)16/ vli,frsm;twGuf *rÇD&0dyóem (5+6)17/ yg&rDxdkufaom'geESifh yg&rDrxdkufaom'ge18/ b0ESifh&if;&aom tawG;tjrifrsm; (1)19/ b0ESifh&if;&aom tawG;tjrifrsm; (2)20/ rd½dk;zvmAk'¨bmomESifh wu,fhAk'¨bmom (tdwfaqmif)21/ wu,fhAk'¨bmomESifh opöav;yg; (tdwfaqmif)22/ ausmif;tr ewforD;tvSBuD; (tdwfaqmif)23/ pkefvrf;ESifhqefvrf; (tdwfaqmif)24/ taojrwfcsif aoenf;oif (tdwfaqmif)25/ tpmpm;&if; r*fzdkvf&atmifusifhaqmifjcif; (tdwfaqmif)26/ arwåmjzifh pD;yGm;&Smjcif;27/ onmodESifh ynmod (ok'¨d0dyóemusifhpOf)28/ q&maumif;udk &SmazGjcif;29/ r*fzdkvf&rnfh orm"dtqifhqifh30/ udk;q,fhudk;urÇm idkcJh&olrsm;taMumif;31/ ax&0g'rSwfausmuf32/ vljzpf&jcif;\ t"du&nf&G,fcsuf