Введение Физические задачи первого этапа...
description
Transcript of Введение Физические задачи первого этапа...
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 1
Введение
Физические задачи первого этапа
Концептуальная схема установки MPD
«Барельная» часть MPD
Торцевые части MPD
Организационные аспекты
Заключение
Многоцелевой детектор
MMultiultiPPurposeurpose D Detector etector (статус проекта) В. Кекелидзе, ОИЯИ
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 2
Планируется исследовать свойства адронов в веществе и состояния ядерного вещества, включая поиск возможных проявлений:
- деконфаймента, - восстановления киральной симметрии, - фазовых переходов, - смешанной фазы и критической точки.
Исследования будут проводиться в процессах взаимодействий релятивиствских ионов
- с атомным весом от 1 до 238 (U92+) - путем сканирования по энергии реакции
в области SNN = 3-9 GeV Эти исследования важны как для понимания природы
взаимодействия тяжелых ионов, так и для решения вопросов космологии (эволюции Ранней Вселенной, формирования нейтронных звезд и др.)
Физическая мотивация
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 3
Physics motivation
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 4
Physics motivation
The phase diagram in terms of the reduced energy density
The trajectories calculated with hybrid model
o open markers: QGSM
steps:0.3 fm/c & 0.5 fm/c
• filled markers:evolution within
3D relativistic hydrodynamics
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 5
MPD
Collider NICA complex allocation
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 6
Collider NICA parameters
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 7
dedicated experiments
Fixed target experiments NA61 at SPS CERN and CBM at SIS100/300 GSI
advantages of collider experiments:
possibility to have 4acceptance !
energy scan do not introduce significant variation on critical density of detected
particles Collider experiments running at high energies: STAR & Fenix at RHIC BNL, ALICE at LHC CERN
STAR plans to run at low energies (SNN = 4-9 GeV, for U92+) Problem: luminocity falls down
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 8
Event-by-event fluctuation in hadron productions (multiplicity, Pt etc.)
HBT correlations indicating the space-time size of the systems involving π, K, p, Λ
(possible changes close to the de-confinement point)
Directed & elliptic flows for various hadrons
Multi-strange hyperon production: yield & spectra (the probes of nuclear media phases)
Experimental Tasks – the first stage targets
the effects to be studied on energy & centrality scanning:
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 9
longitudinal (z-axis) space limited by ~ 800 cm between collider optics
radial scale limited by engineering problems & cost
(R < 200 cm)
Initial constrains:
MPD – conceptual design
Solution:
compact solenoid with major parts of detector working in the magnetic
field
design of superconducting magnet with closed yoke geometry
to provide homogeneous magnetic field
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 10
~ 450
First stage of simulation based on UrQMD & GEANT4in the framework of MPD-Root shell:
Au+Au collisions with total energy of 4.5 + 4.5 AGeV Central interaction within b: 0 – 3 fm Minimum bias within b: 0 – 15.8 fm Collision rate at L=1027 cm-2s-1: ~ 6 kHz
Observables
all
B=0
<P>= 0.4 GeV/c
central collision |η| < 1, p >100 MeV/ccharged particle multiplicity (primary) momentum spectrum
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 11
Pseudorapidity spectra
Observables
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 12
Charged particles Multiplicity
Observables
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 13
General View
MPD – conceptual design
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 14limited by collider optics
2700
MPD – conceptual design
basic geometry preliminary
Defined as a compromise between:
-TOF requirement-tracker resolution
- magnetic field formation - the cost
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 15
Magnenic field
superconducting solenoidal magnet
magnetic field 0.5 T
cryostat inner radius ~ 1.5 m (region available for the detector)
iron yoke is used to form a homogeneous magnetic
field
color step 5 Gauss (~1 pm) - good homogeneity
feasible for TPC
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 16
Magnetic field
MPD – conceptual design
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 17
MPD – conceptual design
Towards 4p acceptance:to cover a wide pseudorapidity
range
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 18
Major tracker - TPC
+ Inner Tracker - silicon strip detector / micromegas chamber
for tracking close to the interaction region
+ Outer Tracker straw barrel (optional)
Time Of Flight RPC (+ start/stop sys.) for charged particle ID
ECAL shashlyk type - for e, , 0 reconstruction
MPD MPD Barrel part
tracking, precise momentum measurement &particle ID in the region -1 < <1
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 19
EE
400 V / cm
field cage
High Voltage electrode~ 25 kV
~80 000 readout channels
12 readoutChambers
Electric Field ~ 200 v/cm
Rout=110 cm
Rin=20 cm
TPC – major tracker
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 20
specification (preliminary)Outer radius ~ 110 cmInner radius
20 cmDrift length ~135 cmNumber of sections (each side) 12Total number of readout chambers 24 (12 – each side)Drift time ~ 20-30 sMultiplicity for charged particles (central collision) ~ 500Total pad/channels number ~ 80000dE/dx resolution ~ 6% (50 samples x 2cm)Special resolution ( x R x z) 3 x 0.4 x 3 mmMaximal rate 10 kHz
TPC – major tracker
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 21
Complementary detector for track precise reconstruction
in the region close to the interaction piont
Cylindrical geometry (4 layers) covering the interaction region ~ 50 cm along the
beam axis
Inner Tracker (silicon strips)
35 cm
Possible contribution to dE/dx measurements
for charged particles
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 22
Inner Tracker - MMGC (optional)
Number of double mesh chambers: 32
Covered area: 3,2 m2
N of RO channels: 20000
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 23
12 x 2 (R+L) double modulesoccupancy ~ 4%for segmented straw with the lengths: 330mm (central), 500 mm & 700 mm
FEE
FEE
70 50 33
FEE
FEE
70 50 33
OuterTracker - Straw barrel (optional)
to enhance tracking parameters in |η| < 1
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 24
Time of Flight
TOF Barrel system
TOF detector covers the region |η| < 1 with an acceptance ~ 93% The barrel surface ~ 30 m2 (length 4 m, radius of 1,3 m)The counters are placed in 12 modules, 560 counters in total The total number of readout channels is 27600Time resolution ~ 100 ps
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 25
Distribution of RPCs in the barrel
multigap RPCs distribution in the module box.
the basic element of RPC
multigap RPC counter is 7 cm x 67 cm,
it has 150 pads with size 2.3cm x 2 cm.
Time of Flight
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 26
Specification:
the RPC TOF system looks like barrel
with the length 4 m and radius of 1,3 m.
the barrel surface is about 33 m2
the dimensions of one RPC counter is 7 cm x 100 cm
it has 150 pads with size 2,3cm x 2 cm.
the full barrel is covered by 160 counters
the total number of readout channels is 24000
Time resolution ~ 100 ps
Time of Flight
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 27
Time of Flight track momenta
mass reconstruction for central events
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 28
Κ
πspectr N
NR
Κ
πplot mass N
NR
bluered
Time of Flight
momentum spectra ratios for primary K / particles
no essential bias on momentum
for the separation
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 29
Electromagnetic Calorimeter
0 1.0 2.0 GeV
photon energy spectrum 500 1000 1500 photon multiplicity
(from π0 decay in red)
requires high granularity:average occupancy in barrel for 3x3 cm crystals < 3%
Photons in the barrel
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 30
Electromagnetic Calorimeter
Requirements for 0 reconstruction
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 31
ECAL -Pb- scintillator 10x10 cm2 Module - 18 X0 ~ 30.6 cm
AMPD read-out
ECal Shashlyk
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 32
ECal PbWO4 (optional)
basic element -PbWO4 (3x3x16cm3), wrapped in Tyvek & coated with black tubea light detector is glued onto the outer face of the crystalOne module (24x24x22 cm3) - 64 crystals including light detectors & preamps The module has 0.5 mm thick walls of a folded Al plate fixed to the Al supportIn total 510 modules with 32640 crystals
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 33
End Cap Tracker Straw Wheels (stereo radial)
Beam Beam Counters for centrality determination & reconstruction of the interaction point
+ start /stop system for ToF
Zero Degree Calorimeter for centrality determination, measurement of fluctuations
MPD MPD End-Cap parts
for tracking & momentum measurement at | >1 + reaction plane determination
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 34
ECT straw wheels
occupancy /straw < 15 %
Carbon inner ring
Carbon outer ring
straw
Carbon inner ring
Carbon outer ring
straw
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 35
ECT straw wheel
Stereo wheel construction:
each stereo wheel contains4 layers of radial straws with different orientation
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 36
ECT straw wheel
Number of track hits = f(R)
is related to reconstruction efficiency
Pseudorapidity correlation with track hit numbers
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 37
Track reconstruction efficiency
TPC
ECT ECT
ECT complements TPC to extend pseudorapidity range
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 38
Pseudorapidy region: 1.5 4.5 (out of the TPC acceptance)
usable for centrality /min bias triggers
Beam Beam Counter
small tiles - within 12 cm diameter, large tiles x 4 larger .
R= 110 cm
Expected number of charged track accepted vs. impact parameter (Hijing predictions).
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 39
INR RAN
measurement of centrality: b ~ A - Nspect selection of centrality at trigger level
measurement of event-by-event fluctuations to exclude the fluctuation of participants
monitor of beam intensity by detecting
the neutrons from electromagnetic dissociation
εe / εh = 1 - compensated calorimeter
Lead / Scintillator sandwich
Zero Degree Calorimeter
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 40
Full beam intensity. -minimum 16 modules.
Zero Degree Calorimeter
XZ
Beam hole
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 41
DAQ & Computing
events ~2 10 10
disk space 10 000 TB PC’s ~ 1800L1 TTC
L2CTP
L0
DRE
LDC
DAQ NETWORK
DRE
LDC
DRE
LDC
GDC GDC GDC
TPC80 000ch4.5 GB/s
MICROMEGAS50 000 ch3 MB/s
ZDC300 ch55 MB/s
BBC78 ch
RPC27 600 ch20 MB/s
EMC41 700 ch70 MB/s
STRAW82 000 ch120 MB/s
MICROSTRIP215 500 ch3 MB/s
DDL
Au+Au6 000 ev/s
10 GbE
10 GbE
L1 TTC
L2CTP
L0
DRE
LDC
DAQ NETWORK
DRE
LDC
DRE
LDC
GDCGDC GDCGDC GDCGDC
TPC80 000ch4.5 GB/s
MICROMEGAS50 000 ch3 MB/s
ZDC300 ch55 MB/s
BBC78 ch
RPC27 600 ch20 MB/s
EMC41 700 ch70 MB/s
STRAW82 000 ch120 MB/s
MICROSTRIP215 500 ch3 MB/s
DDL
Au+Au6 000 ev/s
10 GbE
10 GbE
FEDL FEDL FEDLTRQ TRQ TRQ
DTTC
TTCL0DDL
READOUT CARD
FEC FEC FEC
FEDL FEDL FEDLTRQ TRQ TRQ
DTTC
TTCL0DDL
READOUT CARD
FEC FEC FEC
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 42
Engineering + auxiliaries
Require essential reconstruction of the intersection area to provide access for works & for necessary auxiliaries
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 43
Cost Estimation in k$(very preliminary)
Magnet - 3 138TPC - 9 500IT (SSD /MM) - 3 600 / 750OT - 4 000TOF - 4 000ECAL (shashlyk / crystal) - 5 624 / 14 356ECT - 7 900BBC - 390TDAQ - 3 000ZDC - 598Slow Control - 280Computing - 1 460Engineering - 2 000_________________ _________Total 41 490
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 44
At first approximation - all sub-detectors could be designed & constructed at JINR
based on the existing expertise & infrastructure
some sub-detectors could have alternative designs in order to provide possibility for potential collaborators to
substitute/accomplish corresponding groups in future
The first realistic draft of the Letter of Intent& the rough cost estimation =- are available
MPD – organizational aspects
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 45
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Institute for Nuclear Research Russian Academy of Science
Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, NASUk
Nuclear Physics Institute of MSU, RF
Institute of Allied Physics, Academy of Science Moldova
__________///________ open for extension
MPD – Collaboration
A consortium involving GSI, JINR & other centers for IT module development & production is at the organizational stage
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 46
MPD Collaboration
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 47
Письмо о намерениях (Letter of Intent) - подготовлено и доступно
Работа над проектом продолжается- моделирование с целью оптимизации параметров
-интенсифицируются R & D, (особенно по ключевым детекторам)
Ведутся переговоры по расширению участников проекта
и организации соответствующего сотрудничества
Проведен ряд организационных мероприятий с рамках ОИЯИ
с целью укрепления коллективов, участвующих в работе над проектом
Выделены дополнительные ресурсы для работы
Заключение
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 48
Spin Program at NICA
in preparation
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 49
Spare
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 50
Possible indication on phase transition
measurements of related yields for charged kaons & pions
Some enhancement is indicated in the energy region around ~ Елаб = 30 А ГэВ
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 51
Physics motivation
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 52
momentum spectra for various particles
π+ π-
K+ K-
0 2.0 GeV/c 0 2.0 GeV/c
Observables
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 53
Relative yield of Charged kaons
Observables
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 54
Elliptic flow, v2
Observables
14 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, Workshop at IHEP 55
In-medium properties of hadrons & nuclear matter equation of state will be studied
including a search for possible manifestation of de-confinement
and/or chiral symmetry restoration, phase transition, mixed phase & critical end-point
in collisions of heavy ion (over atomic mass range A = 1-238)
by scanning of the energy region SNN = 3-9 GeV
These investigations are relevant for understanding of
the physics of heavy ion collisions, the evolution of the Early Universe
& formation of the neutron stars .
Physics motivation