Генетические последствия техногенных катастроф
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Transcript of Генетические последствия техногенных катастроф
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.. . . ..
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XX 1986 - . 50 . . 200 . 2 0,2 / (10 )1979 - --, , 1984 - () - . 30 1957 - ( .). 2,5 . . 15 . 2. - ()1950 - . ( ., ). . 2,7 . 1993 . 1050 . 134 : ,
-
: PubMed3 . - 23 . - 20 . - 200 . - 29 - ()105 ( ) - ???
-
:
-
:
-
?
-
:
1957: 108 2007: 10 - 60 /2 (530 )90Sr () Ca, , ,
1986: 18108 2007: 0.8 - 8 /2 (10- )137Cs (+) (5-10 )
-
1957-1960 . 1965 ( )
( )
,
-
(1965)
1
2.64
2.74.35.3
368.9
2.66
A.eupatoria
C.scabiosa
C.setosum
L.sibirica
0,2 /c
1,2 /
, %
1
L.sibirica
1 2 1 2 1
2.64
2.74.35.3
368.9
2.66
1
000
000
000
000
A.eupatoria
C.scabiosa
C.setosum
L.sibirica
1
2
, %
2
3,7 /
10.38.9
14.48.8
13.610
17.415.4
25.416.8
1511.6
27.114.9
26.611.2
22.59.8
25.514.9
34.312.8
27.77.8
32.89
2
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
3,7 /
,%
( 20 )
3
0.641.38 1 2
0.470.510100100100
0.210.691088.689.7104.7
1.572.563081.497.2103.2
1.081.196072.682.494.3
0.561.3210049.557.767.4
0.522.915016.34631.5
3.92.7
3
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
A.septentrionalis
C.scabiosa
L.martagon
Crepis tectorum
1976.
1978.
1979. 1981.
Pl.major
,%
000
000
000
000
000
000
1
2
,
, % .
A. septentrionalis () () .
-
(, 1973-1975)
1
0.731.75
1.541.962.34
12.22.4
1.551.7
0.60.71.4
0.30.6
0.2 /
1.2 /
, %
1
L.sibirica
1 2 1 2
2.64 18.712.47
2.74.35.30,411000010.5
368.93,11000016.111.5
2.66
1
000
000
000
000
A. eupatoria
C. scabiosa
C. setosum
L. sibirica
1
2
,%
2
00
00
00
Sr-90 , /
,%
3
3,7 /
10.38.9
14.48.8
13.610
17.415.4
25.416.8
1511.6
27.114.9
26.611.2
22.59.8
25.514.9
34.312.8
27.77.8
32.89
3
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
3,7 /
, %
1 2
0.731.75
1.541.962.34
12.22.4
1.551.7
0.60.71.4
0.30.6
1
2
, %
-
(, 1985)
1
0.7
1.1
2.38
2.1
3.26
4.18
4.01
4.24
, %
, /.
, %
R2 = 0,96
1
, /. , %
00.7
101.1
3002.38
4002.1
5003.26
9004.18
10504.01
15004.24
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
, %
, /.
, %
R2 = 0,96
2
, 50 , 100 , 40 , 40
65.526.178.858.4
150.9716.874.543
219.3
2
000
000
000
000
1
2
,
, %
3
, % , %
, 65.50.2
, 88.60
, 65.32.1
, 83.40
3
00
00
00
00
, %
, %
100
, %
.
1
0.048
0.175
0.109
0.124
0.529
0.491
A. septentrinalis L.
, /
, %
R = 0,96
1
Draba nemorosa L.
0.018
0.1580.45
0.1950.039
0.330.805
0.40.451
0.910.479
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Draba nemorosa L.
, /
, %
Draba nemorosa L.
2
, /A. septentrinalis L.
00.048
0.1970.175
0.2160.109
0.4330.124
1.10.529
1.240.491
2
00
00
00
00
00
00
A. septentrinalis L.
, /
, %
Androsace septentrionalis L.
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
A. septentrinalis L.
, /
, %
R = 0,96
3
1 2
11
2-0.64145425061
, / 054.5
0.19715.80.2212.5
0.19716.70.21630
0.21612.5
0.21630056.8
0.3727.90.19716.7
0.41827.90.19715.8
0.43318.70.4318.7
0.55317.71.248
1.215.3
1.248070.8
0.5517.7
0.4227.9
0.3727.9
1.215.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
, /
,%
A. septentrinalis L.
-
C. scabiosa L.,
-
C. scabiosa L.
-
:
( 1:1)
(Pinus sylvestris L.)
-
P. sylvestris L., 0,6710-3 (, 1989)
0,6710-3
106 /2- 10-3 10-312351620,390,3900,782-356641,11,802,8010-1360701,53,60,25,3015-2079492,040,36,3077900,50,100,60,2-0,4101991,41,002,41,5-2,0100691,22,103,32,5-380112,32,50,35,13,5-4,088153,75,50,69,818,5-20103652,66,80,810,2
-
P. sylvestris L., .
-
1957-1960 . 1965 - .
-
-2007:
-
-2007 55 /2
-
: 140 /2
-
-1988 . , 4
-
-2007 .
-
-2007 . , - 4
-
1957-1960 . 1965 . 1975 .
-
13 10
1
10.38.9
14.48.8
13.610
17.415.4
25.416.8
1511.6
27.114.9
26.611.2
22.59.8
25.514.9
34.312.8
27.77.8
32.89
3,7 /.
, %
1
L.sibirica
1 2 1 2
2.64 18.712.47
2.74.35.30,411000010.5
368.93,11000016.111.5
2.66
1
000
000
000
000
A. eupatoria
C. scabiosa
C. setosum
L. sibirica
1
2
,%
2
00
00
00
Sr-90 , /
,%
3
3,7 /.
10.38.9
14.48.8
13.610
17.415.4
25.416.8
1511.6
27.114.9
26.611.2
22.59.8
25.514.9
34.312.8
27.77.8
32.89
3
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
3,7 /.
, %
1 2
0.731.75
1.541.962.34
12.22.4
1.551.7
0.60.71.4
0.30.6
000
000
000
000
000
000
1
2
, %
-
Crepis tectorum L. () ()
1
0.30.6
5.94
2623.9
57.748
87.261.2
,
, %
1
0103060100
0.35.92657.787.2
0.6423.94861.2
1
00
00
00
00
00
,
, %
2
010203060100150
0.62.99.512.448.676
-10.746.89.930.967.888.3
-21.44.26.314.929.763.885
3
-
- : , ,
-
A. septentrinalis L. () ()
1
70.8
27.9
27.9
17.7
5.3
, /
, %
1
Draba nemorosa L.
0.018
0.1580.45
0.1950.039
0.330.805
0.40.451
0.910.479
1
Draba nemorosa L.
, /
, %
Draba nemorosa L.
2
, /A. septentrinalis L.
00.048
0.1970.175
0.2160.109
0.4330.124
1.10.529
1.240.491
2
00
00
00
00
00
00
A. septentrinalis L.
, /
, %
Androsace septentrionalis L.
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
A. septentrinalis L.
, /
, %
R = 0,96
3
1 2
11
2-0.64145425061
, /
0.19715.8
0.19716.7
0.21612.5
0.21630
0.3727.9
0.41827.9
0.43318.7
0.55317.7
1.215.3
1.248070.8
0.3727.9
0.4227.9
0.5517.7
1.215.3
0
0
0
0
0
, /
, %
-
1957-1960 . 1965 . 1975 . 1980 .
-
() - () Sod2 . scbiosa L.
I0,2106 /2III140106 /2ff0,3800,4250,1040,128fs0,5440,4540,5090,460ss0,0760,1210,3870,412 f0,6520,358s0,3480,642N79106
-
(Centaurea scabiosa L.) Lap
-
Lap C. scabiosa L., . 1979, 1982 1986
IIIIIIa0,260,340,270,17b0,650,590,500,61c0,090,070,130,12a0,0010,0010,020,01b0,010,01c0,0020,0030,070,08N970398390705
-
C. scabiosa L. ( )
WWaa2224,80,893120,31,53bb174168,61,03287282,51,02ab124136,90,91102153,60,66ac65,81,031813,41,34bc1212,01,005459,30,91bb0--14,40,23ba0--77,50,93bc02,1-12270,41,73ac0--5632,01,75cc0--1010,10,99aa0--02,7-bc0--37,40,41cc0--213,70,15
-
1957-1960 . 1965 . 1975 . 1980 . .
-
: (Hypochoeris maculate L.): - 55 /2, 50 - : ,
-
- : , , () 40% L1-S - (P=510-4): L1-S 26 , -
t/tt/++/+282260,211,6224,2
-
( ) 10-
-
, 1987
-
, 1988
-
, 1988
-
( ) 10- 1986-87 ()
-
: , 2007
-
- 1986 1987, 2004 2005, , -1500 0,2 F0F2F1
-
- ()
-
2- (F2)
-
. 012345678F0 -1986F1 - 1997F2 - 2004 , %0.5-1.0 5-10 10-20 >20
-
( ) 10- 1986-87 () 1988 . .
-
,
-
- - ,
-
(f : s) P. sylvestris L.,
, 106 /20,2-0,41,5-2,02,5-3,03,5-4,018,5-20Got164:560,5019:6122,05Got242:420128:1461,18300:41217,62198:2070,20186:1870,00114:30284,96Got395:1141,72311:2970,32340:3711,35182:1483,50136:1250,4662:874,19Est216:335,90Est3109:1010,30165:1680,0371:542,3164:710,36155:24821,4640:420,05Adh1188:1700,90302:3230,71235:3018,13173:1442,65132:1320112:1120Adh2155:1500,08225:2060,8466:893,41131:7912,88203:29416,6672:1097,56Gdh121:1160,10153:1500,03183:2489,8037:330,23163:1790,7597:831,10Mdh260:500,9117:324,60
-
. . .
: ( 5 ) .
, .
-
?
-
XX 1986 - . 50 . . 200 . 2 0,2 / (10 )1979 - --, , 1984 - () - . . 30 1957 - (), , . 500 2 , 131J 1957 - ( .). 2,5 . . 15 . 2. - ()1950 - . ( ., ). . 2,7 . ?1945
-
30- :100 . 90 . 175 . : , , , , . :
-
1949-1951 . , 2,7 . ., , 30- :17 . 1,5 . 1,5 ( )7 .
-
1995 - - : 9 125 . 1998 - : 2,5 . 1800 , 1993 - : 800 . ( )
-
: .. !..
-
00,050,10,150,20,250,30,351986198719901991199219931994199519961997199819992000-20012002-200320042006-2007 100 100 , . 20 -
-
. (-16) 00,0010,0020,0030,0040-0,50,5-11-1,5 , ,
-
:
STR (short tandem repeats) (ATG)n , n=10100. 10 .
VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) (ATTCGAACCGGTT)n , n=10200 n . 10% !
-
- , , , ( ),
-
- , . (=0,03)
VNTR (7 ) B6.72114787CEB11812719113CEB1521324107CEB2551332109CEB36198191MS131465117MS3101481118MS3201493119311044428612.9%4.9%
-
- - .
STR (11 ) (25 ) (28 )VNTR(5 ) (25 ) (28 )D3S135810D1S8000LPL20ApoB10VWA03D17S503D5S81802IgH02D19S43300D1S11110FGA01SE3303D18S5100Penta E10Penta D01CSF1PO0341324
-
20-40
-
, 1 : 1 1000 0,20,5 , ( - )