山东省高职高专英语应用能力三级考试讲座

主讲人：冯建民 部门：外国语学院

电话： 13406506372

山东省高职高专应用能力考试时间安排

8 ： 30 考生入场1 ）检查考生的证件 准考证，身份证，学生证

2 ）通知考生： BP 机、手机等通讯设备、文字资料不得带入考场。如已带入考场考生自己想办法解决，否则取消考试资格或以作弊处理。

3 ）通知考生在考试全过程中（ 9 ： 15-11:20 ） 不得中途离场。

8 ： 45

拆封试卷

9 ： 00 发放考试资料

试卷一与试卷二都有 A,B 卷之分，检查发到手的试卷是否一一对应。

把磁带放入录音机，播放考试指令。

（答题卡，试卷一，试卷二）

9 ： 15 听力开始考试考生禁止入场

10 ： 25 收答题卡和试卷一

（大约 5 分钟）

10 ： 30 开始做试卷二

10 ： 50 开始做作文

11 ： 20 收试卷二

考试结束

考试共需要 125 分钟

包括收答题卡和试卷一（用 5 分钟）

山东省高职高专英语应用能力 三级试卷分值比重 及其题型解析

考试一共有 5 部分 Part I Listening Comprehension (20 points, 20 minutes)

1-20

Section A Choosing Proper Responses (10 points)

Section B Conversations (5 points)

Section C Spot Dictation (5 points)

Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 points, 20 minutes)

21-40

Section A Grammar (10 Points)

Section B Vocabulary (5 points)

Section C Substitution (5 points)

Part III Reading Comprehension (30 points, 30 minutes)

41-57

Section A Passage Understanding (26 points, 2 points each)

41-53 Section B Short Answer Questions (4 points, 1 point each)

54-57

Part IV Translation (20 points, 20 minutes)

Section A ( 10 points) 英译汉 58-62

Section B ( 10 points) 汉译英 63-70

Part V Writing (10 points, 30 minutes)

★ 听力中的场景： 机场： airport airline( 航线；航空公司 ) ； board a plane( 登机 ) ； check-in( 机场登记处）； flight( 航班）； economy class( 经济舱 ) ； first-class( 头等舱 ) ； flight reservation( 机票预订 ) ； boarding card( 登机牌 ) ； take off( 起飞）； land （着陆）

餐馆： restaurant menu ( 菜单 ) ； dish ( 菜 ) ； salad ( 沙拉 ) ； bill ( 账单 ) ； sauce ( 调味品 ) ； pizza ( 意大利饼 ) ； order ( 点菜 ) ； beef （牛肉）； soup （汤）； waiter/waitress （男 / 女侍者）； mutton （羊肉）； sandwich （三明治）； coffee （咖啡）； carry-out （外卖的）； go Dutch （各自付账）； snack （快餐）； tip （小费）； be on one's own( 由某人请客 )

学校： school University （大学）； master （校长）； chemistry （化学）； class （班级）； blackboard （黑板）； library （图书馆）； grade （年级）； classroom （教室）； homework （家庭作业）； teacher （教师）； department （系）； examination （考试）； student （学生）； mathematics （数学）； mark （分数）； pupil （小学生）； physics （物理）； credit （学分）； subject/course （科目）

银行： bank savings （存款）； interest （利息）； interest rate （利率）； cash （现钞）； check/cheque （支票）； withdraw （取款）； deposit （存款）； open/close an account （开立 / 结束账户）； savings account （存款账户 / 储蓄账户）； deposit account （定期存款账户）； checking account （活期存款账户 / 支票存款账户）； put money into an account （往账户里存钱）； draw money out of an account （从账户里取钱）； cash a check （支票兑现）； traveler’s check （旅行支票）； credit card （信用卡）

商店： store （ shop ） department （部门）； cash register （收款机）； T-shirt （ T 恤衫）； supermarket （超市）； bargain （讨价还价）； jacket （夹克衫）； on sale （出售）； special sale （特价出售）； for sale counter （柜台）； brand （商标，牌子）； assistant （店员）； price （价格）； dress （外衣，礼服）； size （尺寸）

邮局： post office postage （邮资）； package （包裹）； overweight （超重）； airmail （航空信）； postcard （明信片）； telegraph （电报）； express mail （特快邮件）； postal code （邮政编码）； regular mail （平寄邮件）； registered letter （挂号信）

医院： hospital sore throat （嗓子疼）； cough （咳嗽）； flu （流感）； sneeze （打喷嚏）； fever （发烧）； prescribe （开药方）； vomit （呕吐）； chest pain （胸痛）； diagnosis （诊断）； treatment （治疗）； operation （手术）； blood pressure （血压）； pill （药片）； injection （注射）； surgeon （外科医生）； physician （内科医生）； dentist （牙医）； headache （头痛）

图书馆： library catalogue （目录）； reference room （资料室）； publication （出版物）； librarian （图书管理员）； library card （借书证）； reading room （阅览室）； loan desk （借书处）； renew （续借）； be due （到期）； be overdue （超期）； fine （罚款）

旅馆： hotel reservation （预定）； registration （登记）； lounge （休息大厅）； luggage （行李）； room service （客房服务）； room number （房间号码）； single room （单人房）； double room （双人房）； check in （登记住宿）； check out （结账退房）； suite （套房）； reception （登记处）； reception desk （前台）

听力

1.

A) No, thanks.

B) You are welcome.

C) I like it.

D) Sorry, you can't.

2.

A) Yes, please.

B) Certainly, I'm sorry.

C) Take care of yourself.

D) No, I don't.

3.

A) It's cloudy.

B) I don't like this kind of weather.

C) It likes rain.

D) It's raining.

4.

A) Good idea.

B) No, I don't like to go.

C) Yes, please.

D) I like.

5.

A) I don't like spring.

B) I like summer, too.

C) I prefer spring to summer.

D) I like spring and summer.

Section B

Conversation 2Questions 14 （ 9 ） to 15 （ 10 ） are based

on the conversation you have just heard.

14.

A) How much they enjoy their food.

B) The cause of their discomfort.

C) The disadvantage of sitting in the sun.

D) The good appetites.

15.

A) The meat. B) The peaches.

C) The soup. D) The fish.

Section C

Jim is my brother-in-law. He was (16) from a toothache last week. But he didn’t want to see a doctor. Finally, however, my mother-in-law (17)that she would go and see the doctor herself. She carefully explained that although her son had a lot of (18) , he was refusing to get treatment. Her son was (19) doctors. The nurse told her that they were used to dealing with this (20)fear and would be able to fit Jim in right away. “How old is your little boy?” she asked. My mother-in-law replied, “He’s 40 years old.”

基础实力 掌握基本的辨音基础，听到熟悉的音能在上下文中迅速确定

对应的单词，提高听力的敏感性。如： present ， pleasant pleasant [plezənt] adj. 令人愉快的 ,舒适的 vi. 满意 ,喜欢 vt. 使高兴 present [prezənt] n. 礼物 , 现在 adj. 现在的 , 出席的 ,当面的 v. 赠送，提出，呈现 pleasant situation 宜人的地方 present situation 目前形势；目前情况 The factory is in a very pleasant situation by the sea. 这个工厂坐落在海边一个宜人的地方。

英式英语和美式英语的区别 - （单词篇） 英国 美国秋天 autumn fall 图画 picture painting相片 photo picture 商店 shop store 公寓 flat apartment 电影 film movie 电梯 lift elevator汽油 petrol gas汽车 automobile car 饼干 cookie biscuit足球 soccer football

拼写篇 美国人是一个注重实用的民族，在其文字的拼写方面 , 他们也是采取了实用主义的态度。在美语的发展过程中，在拼写方面也曾出现过类似我国简化字的运动（ The simplified Spelling Movement ），删除了单词拼写中不发音的某些字母。拼写上的不同是英语与美语的又一差异。

① 英语单词中不发音的词尾： -me ， -ue

美式英语 英式英语公斤 kilogram kilogramme

目录 catalog catalogue

方案 program programme

对话 dialog dialogue

② 英语中的以 -our 结尾的单词，在美语中删去了不发音的字母 u

美式英语 英式英语举止 behavior behaviour

颜色 color colour

最爱 favorite favourite

风味 flavor flavour

③ 英语中以 -re 结尾，读音为 /ə/ 的单词， 在美语中改为– er 结尾，读音不变

美式英语 英式英语中心 center centre

纤维 fiber fibre

公尺 meter metre

剧场 theater theatre

词汇大纲要求掌握 3400 个单词和一定数量的词组的意义及基本用法

①扩充听力词汇量，大纲词汇不但在阅读中认识，听力中也要多认知。

②充分重视词性变化引起的读音差别 declare [diklɛə] ---declaration [dekləreiʃən] ； invite [invait] ---invitation [inviteiʃən] ； explain [iksplein] ---explanation[ekspləneiʃən]

语法词汇部分 基础实力 A ）掌握复习高中的基本语法知识 B ）熟悉大纲词汇表中单词的惯用搭配 技巧点拨 1. 纯三级词汇辨析，只要求明白词义。 2. 同义、近义词辨析 watch football game\TV see a film 找固定搭配，词伙关系 read a book\newspaper look at blackboard\picture 3. 以 re- 开始的前缀动词含义迥异 release, relate, relieve, retain A) release sth. to sb. 向某人公布，发布某事 e.g. release the good news to the students 向同学们公布好消息 B) relate... to... be related\relation to... 与…有关 C) relieve your headache ( 减轻头痛 ) D ） retain 书面语 （ keep ）

rise, arise, raise, rouse, arouse --rise (rose, risen) (vi)上升 （ n ）上升，上涨 E.g. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. give rise to ： lead to 引起 The food shortage gave rise to the serious problems. --arise (arose, arisen) Arise---appear （出现） . E.g. A new difficulty has arisen. arise (from) ： derive from 起因于，追本溯源 Accidents always arise from the carelessness. --raise 是上升（本义） A ） 举起 raise one’s hand (put up) B ） 提出 raise a question (put forward) C ） 抚养 raise children (bring up) D ） 筹集 raise funds --rouse 唤醒 I was roused by the sound of the alarm clock. --arouse 唤起 Arouse one’s interest/sympathy

1. He ____ several jackets and finally picked out a blue one. A. went on B. took on C. tried on D. got on 2. I don't think these books are ____ for young children. A. capable B. probable C. suitable D. reasonable 3. This terrible accident happened ____ the cold evening of Oct. 5,

1989. A. in B. to C. at D. on 4. More and more trucks are seen ____ between these two towns

these days. A. run B. be running C. to run D. being run 5. I'm going to attend the conference, but you ____ with me. A. needn't to go B. don't need go C. needn't go D. needn't going 6. The classroom needs ____. A. clean B. to clean C. to be cleaned D. being cleaned 7. She suggested ____ another day in the countryside. A. spend B. spending C. to spend D. will spend 8. ____ last Friday, he would have got to Paris. A. Would be leave B. Had he left C. If he is to leave D. If he was

leaving

31. How much does it ________ to take the online training course?

A) cost B) give C) pay D) spend 32. Mr. Smith used to smoke ________ but he has given it

up recently. A) immediately B) roughly C) heavily D)

completely 33. If you want to join the club, you’ll have to ________ this

form first. A) put up B) try out C) fill in D) set up 34. I bought a new shirt which is very _______ to the one

my brother had before. A) familiar B) similar    C) like   D) same 35. I from these comments that the income tax would

be increased. A) inferred B) implied C) suggested D)

hinted

36. At school, I was used to a timetable with homework in the evening.

A) useful B) accustomed C) absorbed D) adapted

37. Frank assured me that if I ever needed financial help I could always ask him for help.

A) turn off B) turn to C) turn down D) turn into

38. The old lady in my neighborhood goes to cinema from time to time.

A) always B) usually C) occasionally D) hardly

39. As is known to all, sun and water are essential to the growth of plants.

A) main B) necessary C) useful D) principal

40. If we can achieve this goal, our living conditions will be much better.

A) account B) amount C) accompany D) accomplish

语法省略 to 的情况感官动词：感觉： feel 倾听： hear, listen to 使役： make, have, let 观察： look at, see, watch, notice, observe (被动式： Sb.+be+V-ed+to+V) cannot help but, do nothing (anything) but, do not

hing except had better, would rather, rather than, would sooner,

cannot but, might (just) as well, do nothing than动名词 1 、 there's no use\good\difficulty\point+(in)+V-ing 2 、 It's no use\good\help\point\fun+V-ing 3 、 ...have difficulty\trouble (in) doing sth.

只能接动名词的动词： 心想实践两欣赏： mind, imagine, practice, enjoy, appreciat

e 逃避冒险两推迟： escape, avoid, risk, postpone, delay 错过建议两道歉： miss, suggest, pardon, forgive 防范阻止两饶恕： prevent, resist, apologize, excuse 承认停止含否认： admit, quit, involve, deny 忍受理解两完成： stand, understand, complete, finish Sb+ 动词短语 +V-ing 无法承受禁不住： can't stand, can't help 停止盼望忙放弃： leave off, look forward to, be busy, give up 推迟反对两习惯： put off, object to, be used to, be accustomed to 值得承认欲现身： be worth, admit to, feel like, devote to

客观题阅读理解

Passage One Good afternoon, and welcome to England. We hope tha

t your visit here will be a pleasant one. Today, I would like to draw your attention to a few of our laws.

The first one is about drinking. Now, you may not buy alcohol in this country if you are under 18 years of age, nor may your friends buy it for you.

Secondly, noise. Enjoy yourselves by all means, but please don’t make unnecessary noise, particularly at night. We ask you to respect other people who may wish to be quiet.

Thirdly, crossing the road. Be careful. The traffic moves on the left side of the road in this country. Use pedestrian crossings( 人行横道 ) and do not take any chances when crossing the road.

My next point is about litter (throwing away waste material in a public place). It is an offence(违法行为 ) to drop litter in the street. When you have something to throw away, please put it in your pocket and take it home, or put it in a litter bin.

Finally, as regards smoking, it is against the law to buy cigarettes or tobacco(烟草 ) if you are under 16 years of age.

I’d like to finish by saying that if you require any sort of help or assistance, you should contact your local police station, who will be pleased to help you.

Now, are there any questions?

41. The main purpose of this speech would be to ________.

A) prepare people for international travel B) declare the laws of different kinds C) give advice to travelers to the country D) inform people of the punishment for

breaking laws 42. How many laws are discussed in the

speech? A) Three. B) Four. C) Five. D) Six.

43. From the speech we learn that ________. A) in this country, if you are under 18 years of age, you

may not buy alcohol, but your friend can buy it for you B) you may not buy cigarettes or tobacco unless you are

above 16 years of age C) because the traffic moves on the left side of the road,

you must use pedestrian crossings when crossing the road D) you can’t make noise except at night 44. The underlined word “contact” (Para. 7) means

________. A) keep in with B) get in touch with

C) join D) report 45. Who do you think is most likely to make the speech? A) A policeman. B) A lawmaker. C) A teacher. D) A lawyer.

主观题阅读理解

Letter One Oct.4, 2005 Dear Mr. David Morgan, We refer to your company’s brochure( 小册子 ) dated 2

nd October, 2005. We are very interested in learning in greater detail abo

ut your product No. 1080 as shown on page 15 of the said brochure. Could you please supply us with the specifications, price, delivery and other relevant information so that we could further evaluate this product?

Since we intend to hold an internal meeting on 25th October to determine which company’s product we might purchase, we would like to have your reply by the 14th. Thank you for your immediate attention to this letter.

Yours sincerely, Yang Li

Letter Two Oct. 8, 20

05 Dear Mr. Yang Li, Thank you for your letter of October 4, 2005 reque

sting details about our product No.1080. While the specifications of the product are enclos

ed, our commercial terms including price and shipping are as follows ：

(1) Quantity: 100 units. (2) Price (CIF New York): US$100.00 per unit. (3) Payment Terms: L/C to be established within on

e week after order. (4) Shipment: Within one month after receipt of L/C. We hope the above is of interest to you and we loo

k forward to hearing a favorable reply from you in due course.

Sincerely yours, David Morgan

54. What is Mr. Yang Li’s purpose of writing the letter to Mr. David Morgan?

To get details about his company’s product ___________.

55. What does Mr. Yang Li ask for in his letter? The __________ and other relevant information

of the product. 56. When does Mr. Yang Li want to get the

information? ___________________. 57. Apart from the specifications of the

product, what else is included in Mr. David Morgan’s letter?

The company’s __________including quantity, price, payment and shipment.

句子翻译 （ 1 ）思维方式不同，词汇视点不一，使译文出错。两种不同的文化产生不同的思维方式。英汉民族在观察某些事物现象时，所取的角度是很不同的，如果翻译时不加倍小心，很容易出错。例如，中国人出于礼貌请对方先走、先吃、先做某事时 ,常说“您先请！”，而英语的说法却是“ After you ！”。就是说，同一举动，同一意思，由于视点不一，英汉的表达方式完全相反，汉语中用“先”表达的意思，英语中却用“后”表示。

（ 2）思维方式不同，表达结构不一，使译文生硬欠妥帖，甚至出现错误。在英语和汉语中，对事物都有肯定和否定的表达方法。一般情况下，英语为肯定表达时，汉语也首先考虑肯定表达，英语为否定表达时也是一样。但是，受两民族的不同的思维方式的影响，翻译一种语言的肯定形式常常表达的是另一种语言否定的意思，反之亦然。如果不注意，就会使译文与原文意思完全相反。

例如，“ He is the last man to reach there.”这句话如果译为“他是去那里的最后一个人”就错了，应该译为“他决不是会去那里的人。”原句中并没有否定词，也没有含否定意义的词，但被译为汉语时却要用否定形式，也就是说英语和汉语的表达结构不一致。又如“ Don’t you want to go？”回答为“ Yes, I do.” （不，我想。）或“ No, I don’t.” （是的，我不想。）如果把“ Yes, I do.” 译为“是的，我不想。”把“ No, I don’t.” 译为“不，我想。”就与原文意思完全相反。再如，“ The patient had a serious stomach.” 不能用汉语的“病人有严重的胃痛。”这样的句子来表达，而应译为“病人胃痛得很厉害。”。可见，英汉思维方式不同，表达结构不一，对翻译的影响很大。

（ 3）思维方式不同，句子语序各异，影响译文的顺畅、优美。由于思维方式的差异，英汉两种语言在语序安排上多有不同。汉语句子语序以逻辑为序，往往先因后果，先假设后推论，先叙事后表态，先说以前发生的事，再说最近发生的事，空间上，一般是从上到下，从大到小，由远及近，从大范围到小范围。谈问题由重要意义到次要意义，由一般到具体的顺序排列。而英语可以借助它的形态和丰富的关联词语，按意思和结构的需要，灵活安排，而且英民族在叙事时往往先说最近发生的事，再说以前发生的事。

例如，“Mike did not remember his grandmother who died of cancer when he was three years old .”( 迈克三岁时祖母死于癌症，所以不记得她。 ) 汉语先说以前发生的事即事情的原因——迈克的祖母死于癌症，再说最近发生的事即事情的结果——迈克不记得他的祖母。又如，“ I was unhappy when I heard the bad news.” （听到那个坏消息，我很不高兴。）如果把它译为“我很不高兴，当我听到那个坏消息时。”就显得很不顺畅，也不符合汉语的逻辑顺序。

比喻“着急”，汉语用“热锅上的蚂蚁”，英语却用 like a cat on hot bricks ( 热砖上的猫 )

比喻“说大话”，汉语说“吹牛”，可英语却用 talk horse. 汉语一般用牛来形容力气大；而英语中用 horse ，如， He is as strong as a horse. 汉语里指勤勤恳恳的人为“老黄牛”，英语是“ willing horse” 。

汉语里说“害群之马”，而英语则用“ black sheep” 。 指（虎）为（龙）： the “four tigers” of Asia译为“亚洲四小龙。”

指（鼠）为（鸡）： like a drowned rat译为“像只落汤鸡。”

Don’t trust him; he is a wolf in sheep’s clothing. She dropped a few crocodile tears over her husband’s death,

then got his insurance money and married again two weeks later.

It’s no use expecting him to stand up for himself; he is as scared as a rabbit.

英文书信主要有六个部分组成： 1. 信头（ Heading/Letterhead ） 写信人的地址（ Writer's address ）包括写信人的地址、邮政编码、电

话、传真号码及电子邮件网址等。一般写在信纸的右上角。 写信日期（ Date ）注意：写日期时不宜用缩写形式，日子最好采用基

数词。日期有两种表达方式如： 2009 年 5月 3日 May 3 ， 2009 或 3 May ， 2009

信头一般有齐头式和缩进式两种写法。写齐头式时，每行开头一律平起排齐。写缩进式时，每行开头向右缩进一、二个字母。如：

齐头式： Grade One English Department Donghai Campus Yantai Nanshan College May 3 ， 2009 缩进式： Grade One English Department Donghai Campus Yantai Nanshan College May 3 ， 2009

2. 信内地址（ Inside Address ） 收信人的姓名、职位、单位和地址。注意：在收信人名称之前，应冠以尊称。

信内地址写在信头下面一、两行处的信纸左边。 3. 称呼（ Salutation ） 收信人的称呼，自成一行，写在低于信内地址一、二行地方，与信内地址第

一行排齐。每个词的开头字母要用大写，或至少首词和专有名词的第一个字母要大写，末尾用逗号，但美国和加拿大英语则多用冒号。称呼语可以根据写信人与收信人的关系而定。现在标准的写法是在人名前加 Dear 。

Dear Sir---to a man whose name you do not know Dear Sirs---to a company Dear Madam---to a woman, whether single or married, whose name you don’t k

now Dear Sir or Madam---to a person of whom you don’t know neither the name nor

the sex 4. 正文（ Letter body ） 信的正文是书信的主体。信写得好与不好，表达的意思清楚与否，完全取于

正文。正文应位于收信人称呼的下方，隔一至两行。正文由两种书写格式，分别是首行缩进式（ indented ）和齐头式（ blocked ） .

5. 客套结束语（ Complimentary Close ） 应放在正文下面一、二行的位置，放在正文偏右的地方，注意不要延伸出正

文右端。客套语的第一个词开头字母要大写，末尾加逗号。客套语为写信人对收信人的谦称，相当于中文书信中“ ** 谨上”，“ ** 谨呈”，“ ** 谨启”等意思。客套语可以有不同的写法如： Yours. 你的。 Yours sincerely. 您忠诚的。Yours respectfully. 您恭敬的。 Yours very respectfully. 您非常恭敬的。 Yours truly. 您忠实的。

6. 署名（ Signature ）

信头（ Heading/Letterhead ）

信内地址（ Inside Address ）

称呼（ Salutation ）

正文（ Letter body ） ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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客套结束语（ Complimentary Close ） 署名（ Signature ）

Russel R.Buchanan 1416 Saybrook Road Hills, Massachusetts (617)944-8778 June 16, 2004 Mr. Hewlett Kauffman Institutional Equipment Inc. 521 Milwaukee Ave. Oxford, Ohio 45056

Dear Mr. Hewlett:

At the present convention in Detroit, I learned that Kauffman Institutional Equipment Inc. has an opening for a regional sales manager. Please consider me a candidate for

the job. I am sending you a summary of my qualifications. You will see that I have had several ye

ars’ experience in education (teaching and administration) and in sales and sales administration, so I feel that I know the educational community from both the inside and outside.

If you wish to telephone me, you may call (312)255-6537, which is the home office in Northbrook. The people there always know where to reach me.

Cordially yours, Russell Buchanan