( )

4.1 node4.1(a)2aba6Vb43A4.1(a)3cd(b)(c)loop4.1(a)abcda246V23A6V

4.2 KCL4.2i1i2i3i4KCL i1 (i2) i3i4 = 0 i2-i2(4.1)-i2 KIRCHHOFFS CURRENT LAW (4.1)

KIRCHHOFFS CURRENT LAW KCL(4.1)-1

-i1i2i3i4KCL (4.1) i1 + i3 + i4 = i2-i1 + i2 - i3 - i4 = 0(4.2)(4.2)(4.1)-i24.2(4.2)KCL

4.14.3 KCL4.3iAns-7

KIRCHHOFFS VOLTAGE LAW KVL4.4abcdaaV1V2V3V4KVLV1 + V2 + V3 V4 = 0(4.3)KVL4.4aKVLV4 - V3 V2 V1 = 0(4.3)(4.3)-1

4.4 KIRCHHOFFS VOLTAGE LAW

4.24.5 KVLAnsV = 4KVL4.5V

4.5cb4VKVLKVLV + 6 + 2 = 12(4.5)(4.4)(4.4)12V + 6 + 2KVLRIIRV=IR

CERIES CIRCUITS KCL4.6(a)4.6(b)4.6 (a)(b)

4.7IV1V2KVL4.7 V1 + V2 = 12(4.6)IRV1 = 2IV2 = 4I(4.6)2I + 4I = 12 6I = 12I = 2

CERIES CIRCUITS 4.8 (a)(b)4.8(a)KVLIRV = V1 + V2 = R1I + R2IV = (R1+R2) II(4.7)

CERIES CIRCUITS 4.8(b) 4.8(a)4.8(b)RTVI4.8(b)I(4.7)4.8RTR1R2(4.8)(4.9)

4.9 CERIES CIRCUITS R1R2RT4.9RT

4.10 N4.94.10NN=24.8(a)KVL(4.10)(4.11)

4.11(a)KVL(4.12)IR(4.13)

4.11 (a), (b) (4.12)VT4.11(a)VT(4.14)

(4.15)(4.13)(4.12)IRT(4.16)(4.14)(4.15)4.11(b)4.11(a)(4.16)I=2RT(4.16)I

4.12 (a), (b)PARALLEL CIRCUITSKVL4.12(a)4.12(b)

PARALLEL CIRCUITS4.13VV4.13IR1R2VI1I2(4.17)(4.17)(4.18)

4.13 PARALLEL CIRCUITS

4.14 (a)4.13,(b)4.134.14(a) RTIV(4.19)PARALLEL CIRCUITS

(4.20)(4.18)(4.19)(4.20)(4.21)4.14(b)PARALLEL CIRCUITS

4.34.15 (a), (b)4.15(a) VI1I2 V =15 AnsI1 =3.75 I2 =1.25

N4.16RTKCL(4.22)4.14(a)4.16(4.19)(4.20)(4.23)

4.16 NRT(4.20)N=2RT

4.44.17 (a), (b)4.17(a)RTV(4.23)RT=24.17(b)Ans6

RTR1=R2(4.21)(4.24)

NR1(4.23)(4.25)N=2(4.24)N

4.18 (a), (b) 4.18(a)VKCL(4.26)

(4.27)(4.28)RT(4.29)

(4.26)ITIT(4.30)(4.28)(4.30)(4.26)(4.31)4.18(b)4.18(a)(4.29)RT=3(4.30)IT=5(4.31)V=15 (4.31)V

POWER IN SIMPLE CIRCUITS

4.54.19 4.19PTR1P1 R2P2(4.32)

4.5I(4.29)

4.64.20 4.20

4.6325P320P4

4.74.21 4.21P P1 = 48Ans P2 = 24 P3 = 72