*

* adhesion cohesion

*

* 5 1. (CaO)2. (SiO2)3. (Al2O3)4 (FeO2 , Fe2O3)5. (CaSO4)

* (CaO) (limestone) (chalk) (marl) (SiO2) (Al2O3) (shale) (slate) (clay) (FeO2 , Fe2O3) (laterite) (CaSO4) (CaSO4)

*

3 1. (Preparing of Raw Materials)2. (Calcining)3. (Cement Mill)

* 2 1. (Wet Process)2. (Dry Process)

* (Wet Process) (Marl) (Clay)

() (Wet Process) (WashMill) (Slurry Mill) (Slurry) (Silo) (Slurry Basin) (Rotary Kiln)

*() (WetProcess) (Gypsum) (Cement Mill) (Cement Silo)

*

(Dry Process)

(Limestone) (Crusher) (Storage Yard) (Raw Mill)

(Raw Mill) (Raw Meal)

() (Dry Process)

*

() (Dry Process)

(Raw Meal Homogenizing Silo) (Rotary Kiln) (Preheater) 1200-1400 (Clinker)

*

() (DryProcess)

(Raw Meal Homogenizing Silo) (Rotary Kiln) (Preheater) 1200 -1400 (Clinker)

() (DryProcess)

(Crusher) (Raw Meal Homogenizing Silo)

(Rotary Kiln)

* (Major Compounds of Portland Cement)

(Tricalcium Silicate)3Ca.SiO2C3S (Dicalcium Silicate)2Ca.SiO2C2S

(Tricalcium Aluminate)3CaO.Al2O3C3A

4CaO. Al2O3.Fe2O3C4AF

*1. 2. 3. 4.

*

C3SC2SC3AC4AF

1. 2. 3. 4.

*

CaO-< 3.0%MgO0.1 - 5.5

* (Hydration of Cement)

* (Hydration of Cement) (C3S,C2S) Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH) Ca(OH)2 2(3CaO.SiO2) + 6H2O 3CaO.2SiO2.2H2O + 3Ca(OH)2 + Heat 2C3S + 6H2O C3S2H + 3 Ca(OH)2 (CSH) (gel)

* (Hydration of Cement) 3 Ca(OH)2 pH 12.5 (C3A) 3CaO.Al2O2 + 6H2O 3CaO.Al2O2.H2O C3A + 6H2O 3C3AH6

* (Hydration of Cement) (CAH) (C4AF) C3S C2S 4CaO.Al2O2.Fe2O2 + CaSO2.2H2O + Ca(OH)2 3CaO(Al2O3Fe2).3CaSO2

5 1 2 3

() 5 4

5

(Ordinary Portland Cement)

(High Early Strength Portland Cement)

(Sulphate Resistance Portland Cement)

1.4 (Oil Well Cement) : API Specification 10 A (API = American Petroleum Institute) :

(Oil Well Cement)

: .80:

1.5 (Mixed Cement)

(Mixed Cement)

2. (WhiteCement)

2.1 (White Portland Cement) : .133-2518 :

3. (Dry Mortar)

3.1 (Masonry Mortar): . 598-2528:

3.1 (Masonry Mortar)

3.2 (Plastering Mortar): .1776-2542

3.2.1 (General Plaster Mortar)

3.2.4 (Skim Coat) ( . )

3.3 (Floor Screed Mortar):

3.4 (Repair Mortar):

4. (Tile Adhesive)

4.1 (Tile Adhesive for Ceramic Tiles) : :

:: (Efflorescence)

4.2 (Tile Adhesive for Marble, Granite and Large Ceramic Tiles)

4.3 (Tile Adhesive for Application Over Existing Tiles) : 2 :

4.4 (Tile Grout) :

5110110210

*