Simptomi i znaci parazitskih bolesti

Laboratorija za parazitologiju i mikologijuMedicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu

Maj, 2012

Abdominalni bol

Entamoeba histolytica (amebni kolitis, infekcija jetre)

Giardia lamblia Cryptosporidium Crevni helminti (Ascaris, Strongyloides) Anisakis (imitira ulkus ventrikulusa/duodenuma))

Absces, Amebni (jetra)Absces, Amebni (jetra)

Entamoeba histolytica

Absces (filarije)Absces (filarije)

javlja se du limfatika ili u nivou limfnih lezda (obino sterilan)

Anemija Malarija (Plasmodium spp.)2.5 4.0 mil/mm srednje teka

Apendicitis

Ascaris lumbricoides Trichuris trichiura Enterobius

vermicularis

Ascit

Schistosoma spp. (fibroza jetre) Kala-azar (hronina

inf.)

Bronhijalna astma Ascaris visceralna migracija VLM

Kalabarski otociLoa loa ogranieni subkutani otoci (pruritus, bol)

Cerebralne kalcifikacije

Kong. toksoplazmoza Cysticercosis

agom

Trypanosoma cruzi

Hilurija

Limfatika filarijaza Wuchereria bancrofti Brugia spp.

Koma

P. falciparum Bolest spavanja PAM Cysticercosis

Konjunktivitis

Ochocerca volvulus Miyasis

Konvulzije Schistosoma,

Trichinella, Echinococcus, Cysticercus

Malarija Akutna toksoplazmoza Ascaris infekcija kod

dece

Dermatitis Leishmania spp. Schistosomiasis Strongyloides stercoralis Onchocerca volvulus KLM (Ancylostoma spp.) Sarcoptes scabiei & druge grinje Miyasis Pediculosis

Dijarea

Entamoeba histolytica Balantidium coli Giardia lamblia Crevne kokcidije(Isospora, Cryptospridium,

Cyclospora) Microsporidia Blastocystis hominis Crevni helminti Trichinella spiralis

Dizenterija

Entamoeba histolytica Balantidium coli

Kala-azar Falciparum malarija Strongyloidiasis Schistosomiasis

Edem

LokalizovanLoa loaTrypanosoma cruzi

(Romaa znak)

Drugi Bolest spavanjaMalnutricija izazvana

crevnim helmintima (Ancylostoma,

Fasciolopsis)

Afrika tripanozomijaza Afrika tripanozomijaza

Elefantijaza

Filariae (Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia timori, Brugia malayi)

Epididimitis, funikulitis, orhitis

Filariae

Groznica poviena TT Malarija Kala-azar Amebni hepatitis, fascioliasis, clonorchiasis, opistorchiasis Schistosomiasis Afrika i amerika tripanozomijaza Trichinellosis Filariasis

Hematurija

Schistosoma haematobium

Hemoglobinurija

Malaria (crnomokrana groznica /P. falciparum)

Hepatomegalija Amebni hepatitis Falciparum malarija Kala-azar VLM (Toxocara) Infekcije jetrenim

metiljima, ukljuujui istozomijazu

Splenomegalija Trypanosomiasis Kala-azar Malaria Schistosomiasis Sindrom tropske

splenomegalije (u oblastima u kojima su este malarija, kala-azar i istozomijaza)

Hidrocefalus i mikrocefalus

Kongenitalna T. gondii infekcija

Cysticercosis

Hiperpigmentacije

Kala-azar Onchocerca volvulus Pediculosis (hronina

infestacija)

Kerandel-ov znak

Bolest spavanja

(pritisak na dlan ili du ulnarnog nerva izaziva jak bol koji se javlja kratko vreme nakon prestanka pritiska)

Keratitis

Onchocerca volvulus Acanthamoeba

Leukocitoza Amebni hepatitis VLM Trichinellosis Strongyloidosis

Leukopenija

Kala-azar Malarija

Limfadenitis/limfangitis

Filariae T. gondii Bolest spavanja Amerika

tripanozomijaza

Limfocitoza

Bolest spavanja Amerika

tripanozomijaza

Melena Strongyloides

Meningoencefalitis

Bolest spavanja Amerika

tripanozomijaza Malarija PAM GAM Balamuthia

mandrillaris Angiostrongylus

cantonensis

Miokarditis

Trypanosoma cruzi T. b. rhodesiense Trichinellosis Akutna T. gondii

infekcija

Miozitis

Trichinellosis Sarcocystis

Subcutani noduli

Onchocerca volvulus (lie na lipome) Cysticercosis Echinococcus granulosus Sparganosis Miyasis Dirofilaria spp. (D. repens u Evropi)

Intestinalna obstrukcija/Peritonitis

Ascaris lumbricoides Angyostrongylus

costaricensis

Pneumonitis

Ascaris lumbricoides Strongyloides

stercoralis Ancylostoma

duodenale Schistosomiasis

Pruritus ani

Enterobius vermicularis

Taenia saginata

Retinohoroiditis

Toxoplasma gondii Onchocerca volvulus Toxocara Angiostrongylus

cantonensis

Uretritis /Vaginitis

Trichomonas vaginalis

Proteinurija

Malarija

IMUNSKI EFEKTORSKI MEHANIZMIIMUNSKI EFEKTORSKI MEHANIZMI

PARAZIT

PARAZIT

KOMPLEMENT

ANTITELA

M

B

Tc Th1 Th

2

NK

Prezentacija AG

Eosinophilia and Parasitic Infections

Eosinophils (Eo) are type of polymorphonuclear leukocytes found in human blood and tissue.

They have large intracytoplasmic granules that stain red with the dye eosin.

Eo originate in the bone marrow and circulate in blood before entering the tissues skin, GI tract, and lungs are major sites of eosinophil migration.

The surface of the Eo has receptors for IgG, IgE, and complement.

Elevation of the Eo count above the normal range is called eosinophilia.

Clinicians frequently conclude that a significant eosinophilia is present when the eosinophils exceed 5% of the total WBCs (normal range 2-4%).

Within the Eo granule toxic proteins (major basic protein, neurotoxin) are found. They are toxic for larval helminth parasites.

Eo bind to certain parasites and following adherence, the Eo degranulates, and the cytotoxic effects are observed.

The highest levels of eosinophilia occur in helminth infections in which larvae migrate in the tissues. Moderate to high levels of eosinophilia occur in the early stages of intestinal nematode infections that have an extraintestinal migration phase, filarial infections, and infections with blood stream or tissue dwelling trematodes. Higher levels of eosinophilia are seen in the early stages of infection.

The only occurence of significant eosinophilia with protozoan infections is seen with Isospora belli.

Simptomi i znaci parazitskih bolestiAbdominalni bolSlide 3AnemijaSlide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9DermatitisSlide 11EdemSlide 13Groznica poviena TTSlide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Subcutani noduliSlide 24Slide 25Slide 26IMUNSKI EFEKTORSKI MEHANIZMIEosinophilia and Parasitic InfectionsSlide 29