අනාගතයට සහතිකයක්

z

Tn w;g m;alrkakd jQ fuu ,shú,a, idïm%∞hsl

foaYmd,k fmdfrdka≥ ud,djlska Tíng .sh

nqoaêu;a l:ßldjl m%;sM,hls'

fuh iuia; YS% ,dxlsl ck;dj ;=< Ñrd;a ld,hla

uqΩ,af,a meje;s wfmalaIdjka" m%dr®:kdjka ms<sn|

flfrk ióCIKhkaf.ka o ksjer† o;a; iy ixLHd

f,aLkhkaf.ka ,nd.;a f;dr;=re o

Wmfhda.S lr.ksñka YS% ,xldfõ ms<s.;a úh;=ka yd w∞<

fCIa;%hka ys yi< w;a±lSï we;s

jD;a;slhka o tlaj wmf.a †.=ld,Sk foaYmd,k

w;a±lSfuka ,o mkakrfhka foaYfha wkd.; iqnfi;

i,ikq ms◊i úoHd;aulj ieliQ ,shú,a,ls'

fuu ,shú,a, wksjdr®hfhkau kshñ; ld, iSudjka ;=<

ls%hd;aul l< yels lreKqj,ska hqla; m%dfhda.sl

jev ms<sfj<ls'

wm i∞ úYajdih ;enQ talSh foaYhla ;=< ;dreKHh

flakaø fldg.;a iuia; YS% ,dxlSh cd;shg idOkSh

kejqï n,dfmdfrd;a;= we;s lr.kq jia fuh

wms Tng f.!rjfhka ms˙kukafkuq'

zwms lshk foa lruq' lrk foa lshuqZ'

mdr®,sfïka;= ue;sjrKh 2015

[ 3 ]

msgq wxlh

wÆf;kau mgka .uq .....................................................................................................................................................4

fodf<dia jeoEreï m%;sm;a;s ud,dj .................................................................................................................... 6

cd;sl tald.%;dj iy ;sridr ixys¢hdj ms<sn| m%;sm;a;sh .................................................... 7

¥IKh msgqoelSu iy wêlrKfha iajdêm;Hh iq/lSu ms<sn| m%;sm;a;sh ................10

wdr®:ßl l<ukdlrK m%;sm;a;sh ..........................................................................................................12

úfoaY m%;sm;a;sh ..............................................................................................................................................32

ksjdi yd bvï m%;sm;a;sh .........................................................................................................................33

wOHdmk m%;sm;a;sh .......................................................................................................................................35

fi!LH m%;sm;a;sh ..........................................................................................................................................39

md˙i˙l iy jk„ù m%;sm;a;sh .............................................................................................................41

ixialD;sl" l,d iy ikaksfõok lghq;= m%jr®Ok m%;sm;a;sh ........................................42

l%Svd iy ;reK lghq;= m%;sm;a;sh .................................................................................................... 44

ldka;d iy <ud m%;sm;a;sh .....................................................................................................................46

wdfhdack iy há;, myiqlï m%jr®Ok m%;sm;a;sh ................................................................48

foaYmd,k m%;sixialrK .......................................................................................................................................... 51

mgqk


[ 4 ]

wÆf;kau mgka .uq

wm wd uÛ

wm „j;ajk Y%S ,xld ud;DN+ñh jir 2"500 lg jeä fm%!V b;sydihlg ysñlï lshk

wNsudkj;a foaYhls'

fuu fm%!V b;sydih mqrd úiQ wmf.a uq;=ka ñ;a;ka †ú ysñfhka /lf.k wd foaYfha

wNsudkh" talSh;ajh" fN!ñl wLKav;djh ;j≥rg;a iqrlsñka rg b†˙hg f.khkakg wms

wem lem jkafkuq'

jir 2"500 l fm%!V b;sydih mqrd úfoaY l=uka;%K" úfoaY wdl%uK" ndOl iy ye,yemamSï

ueo f,a" l∫Ω fy,d „ú; m˙;Hd.fhka foaYh wdrlaId lr.;a ùr uq;=ka ñ;a;kag iy uE;

ld,fha° ;%ia;jd°kag tfrys udkqISh fufyhqfï° †ú ms¥ ishÆu rKúrejkag wms ysi kud

W;a;udpdrh mqo lrkafkuq'

jr®;udk ;;a;ajh

fï jkúg wm ud;DN+ñfha mj;skakd jQ wjdikdjka; jd;djrKh wms ishÆ fokd fyd¢ka

okafkuq' ;sia jirl hqO idmfhka ñ≥Kq wms" ksoyia ksjy,a foaYhla f.dvke.Sfï ldr®hhg

il%Shj odhl fjñka isá fudfydf;a wkfmalaIs; f,i is≥jQ rdcH ;ka;%fha fjkilg

uqyqK ≥kafkuq' f,hska l∫<ska †kQ foaYh mdjdfoñka" hqO ch.%yKh Wvqhál=re lrñka"

úcd;sl i;=re n,fõ. yuqfõ oKska jefgñka" ;sridr ixjr®Ok udj; wdmiq yrjñka"

udOH iodpdrh jkiñka" foaYmd,k ffjrh iy cd;sjdoh jmqrñka" uy nexl= ne∫ïlr

uxfld,a,h jeks uyd m˙udK ¥IK yryd ˙isfia cd;sl iïm;a uxfld,a,lñka" cd;sljd°

n,fõ. ur®okh lrñka" kS;sh wjkS;sh lrñka" wêlrKfha iajdêm;Hh flf,iñka wm

oEia yuqfõ †.yefrk fï fÄojdplh lsisfia;a u ck;dj úiska b,a,k ,o fjki fkdj"

°kjQ;a wlr®uKHjQ;a rchl wdlD;shls'

fjkig fjkila

wkfmalaIs; f,i WodjQ fï fjki fyj;a wúpdr iuh" rfÜ ≥jd orejkaf.a wkd.;h

iqrlaIs; ls¯u i|yd wdmiq yerúh hq;= ld,h oeka t<U we;' fuu wúpdr iuh jyd

ksudfldg rfÜ „j;ajk ishÆ ckfldgiaj,g i;=áka" iuÛsfhka iy idufhka „j;aùug

wjYH w°k cd;shla" kùk foaYhla iy iqyo iudchla we;s ls¯ug wms fkdms˙fy,d

wem lem fjuq'


[ 5 ]

• w°k cd;shla

cd;sl wdrlaIdj lsisúfgl mdjd fkdfok" iudc idOdrK;ajh iy;sl jQ"

ieug iudk kS;shla we;s" lsis≥ rglg .e;s fkdjQ" fkdne¢jQ" wNsudkj;a cd;shla

f.dvke.Su wmf.a wruqKhs'

• kùk foaYhla

ukd wdr®:ßl l<ukdlrKhlska hq;a kùk há;, myiqlïj,ska iukaú;" Yla;su;a

cd;sl wdr®:ßlhl m%;s,dN ieug idOdrKj fn° hk udkj flakaøSh wdr®:ßlhla

iy m%nqoaO" fi!LH iïmkak ck;djla ksoyfia „j;ajk fi!Nd.Hu;a foaYhla

f.dvke.Su wmf.a wruqKhs'

• iqyo iudchla

talSh rgla ;=< cd;sl iy wd.ñl ixys¢hdfjka hq;a" ñksidg fukau m˙irhg o

i;=kag o wdorh lrk iodpdrd;aul" l,dldó iy l%SvdYS,S ksoyia iudchla

f.dvke.Su wmf.a wruqKhs' tys° wmf.a ore mrmqrg o" fh!jk fh!jkshkag o"

ldka;djkag o" jeäysáhkag o f.!rjdkaú; wjldYhla wms iy;sl lrkafkuq'

tfuka u j;auka ≥r®odka; rcfha wufkda{ md,kfha m%;sM,hka f,i wo rg jeà we;s wka;

w.dOfhka f.dv.ekSu i|yd †.= ld,Sk ie,iqï wjYH jkakdla fuka u †fkka †k jr®Okh

jk mqrjeis .egÆj,g blauka úi∫ï ,nd †h yels úfYaI jevms<sfj<la o läkñka wjYH

nj wms úYajdi lruq'

tfyhska †kQ foaYh h<s f.dv.ekSu i|yd wm fodf<dia jeoEreï m%;sm;a;s ud,djla ilia

lf<uq'

tfukau ld,Sk wjYH;djla jk foaYmd,k m%;sixialrK ms<sn|j o wms .eUq˙ka idlÉPd

lr we;af;uq'

wms Tng f.!rj nyqudkfhka fï b†˙m;a lrkafka rg h<s f.dvke.Sfï foaYmd,k f∞f<dia

je≤reï m%;sm;a;s ud,dj yd fhda‚; foaYmd,k m%;sixialrKhs'


[ 6 ]

1' cd;sl tald.%;dj iy ;sridr ixys¢hdj ms<sn| m%;sm;a;sh'

^cd;sjdofhka ñ≥Kq cd;sl;ajhla - wd.ïjdofhka ñ≥Kq wd.ñl ksoyila'''&

2' ¥IKh msgqoelSu iy wêlrKfha iajdêm;Hh iq/lSu ms<sn| m%;sm;a;sh

^ieug iudk kS;shla - l%uj;a ksjer† md,khla'''&

3' wdr®:ßl l<ukdlrK m%;sm;a;sh

^msìfok wdr®:ßlhla - ck;d flakaøSh ixjr®Okhla'''&

4' úfoaY m%;sm;a;sh ^w°kjQ;a" fkdne¢jQ;a" ñ;%YS,SjQ;a úfoaY m%;sm;a;shla'''&

5' ksjdi m%;sm;a;sh ^ieug ksjila - ys;g iúhla'''&

6' wOHdmk m%;sm;a;sh ^ksoyia wOHdmkh ;=<ska m%nqoaO iudchla'''&

7' fi!LH m%;sm;a;sh ^ksoyia fi!LH ;=<ska kSfrda.Su;a iudchla'''&

8' md˙i˙l iy jk„ú m%;sm;a;sh ^.yfld< o" i;=ka o - fï yeu;a iqrlsuq'''&

9' ixialD;sl" l,d iy ikaksfõok lghq;= m%jr®Ok m%;sm;a;sh

^l,dfjka" ixialD;sfhka iy udOH ksoyfika TmakeÛ=Kq ixfõ° iudchla'''&

10' l%Svd iy ;reK lghq;= m%;sm;a;sh ^l%shdYS,S iy kSfrda.S ;reK mrmqrla'''&

11' ldka;d iy <ud m%;sm;a;sh ^†˙,shhs - ore le,hs - oefha „jkd,shhs'''&

12' wdfhdack iy há;, myiqlï m%jr®Ok m%;sm;a;sh

^foaYhls f.dvkef.k - fyg †kfh f,dj †kk'''&

w°k cd;shla" kùk foaYhla" iqyo iudchla

i|yd jQ fodf<dia jeoEreï m%;sm;a;s ud,dj


[ 7 ]

1' cd;sl tald.%;dj iy ;sridr ixys¢hdj ms<sn| m%;sm;a;sh

zcd;sjdofhka ñ≥Kq cd;sl;ajhla" wd.ïjdofhka ñ≥Kq wd.ñl ksoyilaZ

1'1 ;sia jirla mqrd uqΩ uy;a foaYhu ì,s.;a fn≥ïjd° l=˙re hqoaOh wjika fldg ieug

ksoyfia „j;a jkakg yels wdrlaIs; m˙irhla f.dvkef.k m˙† wms cd;sl wdrlaIdj

;yjqre lf<uq'

1'2 hqO iufha jdr®.sl iy wd.ñl mokï uq,a lr .ksñka ;%ia;jd°ka úiska is≥l<

>d;khka iy ysxikhkaj,g ;s; ;nd mqrjeishkaf.a jdr®.sl iy wd.ñl ksoyi

;yjqre ls¯ug wms iu;ajQfhuq'

1'3 ishÆ cd;sl;ajhkag idOdrKh bgqjk rdcH jHqyhla f.dvk.k w;r †kQ foaYfha

ksoyi" fN!ñl wLKav;djh iy talSh;ajh wms †úysñfhka iqrlskafkuq'

1'4 f,hska yd l∫<ska †kQ foaYh" fn≥ïjdohg iy cd;Hka;r w;fmùïj,g kej; ysi

Tijd úkdY lrkakg wms bv fkdfokafkuq'

1'5 Y%S ,xldj isxy, fn!oaO nyq;rhla fjfik" cd;sl yd wd.ñl úúO;ajfhka hq;a rgla

nj wms to;a ms<s.;af;uq' wo;a fyg;a ms<s.kafkuq'

1'6 ishÆ cd;sjd° l=uka;%Kj,ska ñ≥Kq" ishÆ mqrjeishkag ;u cd;sl;ajh ms<ssn|j

wNsudkhlska „j;aúh yels iudchla Y%S ,xldj ;=< f.dvk.k njg wms iy;sl

jkafkuq' ksoyfia ;u wd.u weoySug;a" ;u wd.ñl úYajdi u; lghq;= ls¯ug;a wjYH

lrk m˙irhla f.dvk.ñka mgq wd.ïjd° wdl,amhka u; flfrkakd jQ wd.ñl

ysxikhka ish,a,g wms ;s; ;nkafkuq'

1'7 Y%S ,xldfõ cd;sl m%Yakh úi£u i|yd talSh rgla ;=< ishÆ cd;Skaf.a whs;Ska ;yjqre

flfrk idOdrK foaYmd,k úi∫ula ,nd°fï wruq◊ka 13 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d

ixfYdaOkfhka Tíng fkdhk· m<d;a iNd iy m<d;a md,k wdh;k jvd Yla;su;a

flfrk foaYmd,k úi∫ula i|yd wj;Sr®K ùu" wmf.a wruqKhs' ta i|yd m<d;a iNd

iy mdr®,sfïka;= ksfhda‚;hka" cd;sl ;,fha foaYmd,k mlaI we;=Ω ishÆ mdr®Yajhka

iuÛ" rch m;aù udihla we;=<; idlÉPd wdrïN lrk w;r udi 6 la we;=<;

úi∫ula fhdackd ls¯ug wms iy;sl fjuq'


[ 8 ]

1'8 zcd;sl iqyo;d m%{ma;shlaZ ;=<ska ishÆu Y%S ,dxlsl mqrjeishkag idOdrK;ajh iy

iudkd;au;djh ;yjqre ls¯u i|yd mqΩ,a n,;, iy †ia;%sla uÜgfï hdka;%Khla

iys; zcd;sl iqyo;d fldñiulaZ msysgqùug wjYH kS;s iïmdokh kj mk;la yryd

y∫kajd fokafkuq'

1'8'1 zcd;sl iqyo;d fldñifïZ idud‚l;ajh i|yd ishÆ cd;sl;ajhka iy wd.ï

ksfhdackhla iy;sl lruq' uqΩ Y%S ,xldj u ksfhdackh jk m˙† fï fldñifï

idud‚lhka f,i iq≥iq úoaj;=ka iy wd.ñl kdhlhka f;dard m;als¯u

ir®jmdlaIsl mdr®,sfïka;= f;a¯ï ldrl iNdjla yryd ls¯ug lghq;= lruq'

1'8'2 fuu fldñiu †ia;%sla uÜgfuka úys≥Kq mqΩ,a cd,hla f,i l%shd;aul flfr®æ

fldñifï †ia;%sla uÜgfï idud‚l;ajh i|yd ishÆ cd;Ska iy wd.ï ksfhdackh

lrk úoaj;=ka iy kdhlhkaf.ka ie≥ï,;a lñgqjla tu †ia;%slalfha mdr®,sfïka;=

ksfhda‚;hka" m<d;a iNd iy m<d;a md,k wdh;k ksfhda‚;hkaf.ka iukaú;

ldrl iNdjla yryd m;aflfrkq we;'

1'8'3 fuu fldñifï †ia;%sla uÜgfï ksfhdackh f;dard.ekSu úfYaIfhka u ;reK

mrmqr flakaøfldg f.k is≥ lrkafkuq'

1'8'4 fuu †ia;%sla lñgq yryd tu m%foaYhkays fjfik úúO cd;slhka iy wd.ñlhkaf.a

whs;Ska ;yjqre fldg Tjqka w;r iqyo;dj jr®Okh ls¯u i|yd jeo.;a jk m%uqL

lreKq i|yd wjOdkh fhduqfldg tajd tu †ia;%sla lñgqj, tlÛ;djfhka hq;=j

cd;sl uÜgfï lñgqjg fhduq lrkafkuq'

1'8'5 ta i|yd cd;sl lñgqfõ tlÛ;djfhka hq;=j b†˙m;a flfrk wjika ksr®foaY

m<uq udi 6 ;=< b†˙m;a flfrk w;r tu ksr®foaY l%shd;aul ls¯ug wjYH

idud„h" ixialD;sl iy foaYmd,k m%;sixialrKhka jirla ;=< l%shd;aul

ls¯ug wms lghq;= lrkafkuq'

1'8'6 W.;a mdvï iy m%;sikaOdk fldñiï jdr®;dfõ ksr®foaY jirla ;=< l%shd;aul

lrkafkuq'

1'8'7 foaYmd,k n,mEïj,ska f;drj ishÆ mqrjeishkaf.a m%cd;ka;%jd° whs;Ska iy;sl

flfrk iod;ksl iduhla f.dvk.kafkuq'


[ 9 ]

1'8'8 m%cdjkag ;ukaf.a ;SrK .ekSfï bvm%ia:d mqΩ,a lr,Su Wfoid m<d;a md,k"

†ia;%sla yd m<d;a i|yd kj ;SrK .ekSfï jHqyhla ia:dms; flfr®' m<d;a md,k

wdh;k wdY%s;j y∫kajd ° we;s kj fldÜGdi u; mokïj Y%S ,xldfõ l=vdu

;SrK .ekSfï tall ia:dms; flfr®' tu l=vd tallj,g iq≥iq ;SrK .ekSfï

l%ufõohla y∫kajd †h hq;=fõ' tys° tu l=vd m%foaYfha jdih lrk ishÆ

fokdf.au Rcq iyNd.s;ajh ,efnk m˙† m%dfoaYSh iNdjg tu fldÜGdifhka

;rÛ l< ishÆ mlaI yd lKavdhïj, ksfhda‚;hkaf.ka iukaú; jk ck iNd

ia:dms; lrkafkuq'

1'8'9 m%dfoaYSh iNd iy m%dfoaYSh f,alï ldr®hd, iïnkaëlrK" †ia;%sla iïnkaëlrK

lñgqj, jHqyh iy m<d;a iNd i|yd iNslhka m;aùfï kj l%ufõohla

.eUqre iy úêu;a ixjdohlska miq y∫kajd°ug;a tu ;SrK .ekSfï iNd i|yd

wjYHjkakd jQ ksis n,h mej¯u uÛska cd;sl ixys¢hdjg wjYH ux fm;a fy<s

fmfy<s ls¯ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'


[ 10 ]

2' ¥IKh msgqoelSu iy wêlrKfha iajdêm;Hh iq/lSu ms<sn| m%;sm;a;sh

zieug iudk kS;shla" l%uj;a ksjer† md,khlaZ

2'1 rfÜ m%cd;ka;%jdoh iqrlsk iy ishÆ mqrjeishkaf.a f.!rjh iy whs;sjdislï

iq/flk wjHdc jQ úksúoNdjfhka hq;= l%uj;a md,khla ia:dms; lrkafkuq'

2'2 fuf;la mej;s ishÆ u rchkag t,a, jQ ishÆ mokï iys; fyda mokï úrys; fpdaokd"

mj;sk kS;s rduqj ;=< úksúoNdjfhka hq;=j úur®Ykh ls¯ug;a tys m%;sM, uyck;djg

fy<sorõ ls¯ug;a wms lghq;= lrkafkuq' fuu lghq;= wëlaIKh ls¯u ir®j mdlaIsl

úoaj;a lñgqjlg mjrkafkuq'

2'3 fuu úur®Yk lghq;=j, m%;sM,hla jYfhka fy<sjk jer†lrejkag mj;sk kS;s rduqj

;=< o~qjï lrk w;r ¥IK ur®okh uqjdfjka" kS;sh wjNdú;d lrñka" foaYmd,k

jdis ;ld uyck;dj fkduÛ heùfï mrudr®:fhka lghq;= l< foaYmd,k{hkag iy

ks,Od¯kag tfrysj mj;sk kS;s rduqj ;=< kvq mjrkafkuq'

2'4 foaYmd,k m<s.ekSï i|yd mj;sk kS;sfhka m˙ndysrj msysgqjd.kq ,enQ wdh;k

ish,af,ys wkd.; meje;au ;SrKh ls¯u fukau kS;sfha iajdêm;Hh w;a;fkdau;sl

f,i wjNdú;h lrñka tjka wdh;k msysgjQ mqoa.,hkag tfrysj .; hq;= kS;suh

mshjr ;SrKh ls¯u wêlrKhg mjrkafkuq'

2'5 rfÜ cd;sl wdr®:ßlhg úYd, ydkshla l< Y%S ,xld b;sydifha úYd,;u uQ,H

jxpdj jQ uy nexl= ne∫ïlr uxfld,a,h rfÜ ms<s.;a kS;shg yd l%ufõohkag hg;aj

úksúo Ndjhlska hq;=j läkñka m¯laIdjg ,la fldg" tu jxpdj ie,iqï l< iy

ls%hd;aul l< wdr®:ßl wmrdOlrejka ishÆ fokd ;rd;sru fkdn,d oeä o~qjï ,nd

fokafkuq' tfiau fuu uxfld,a,lrejkaf.a j;alï mjrd.ekSu olajd úys≥Kq kS;suh

l%ufõohla yryd Tjqka úiska rfÜ ck;djg wysñ l< remsh,a fldaá 6"000 lg jvd

jeä uqo, kej; whlr .ekSug;a tu uqo,a rfÜ ixjr®Ok ls%hdj,sh i|yd fhoùug;a

lghq;= lrkafkuq'

2'6 wms wêlrKfha iajdêm;Hh ieuúgu iqrlskafkuq' wêlrKfha ldr®hlaIu;dj jeäls¯u

i|yd wjYH udkj yd fN!;sl iïm;a ,nd°fï jev ms<sfj<la ilia lrkafkuq'

tfia u uyck;djf.a ld,h iy uqo,a kdia;s lrñka °r®> ld,hla wefoñka mj;sk

kvq läkñka wjika ls¯ug wjYH m%;sixialrK y∫kajd fokafkuq'


[ 11 ]

2'7 zisrlrefjda;a ukqIHfhdahZ hk Wodr ixl,amh fmroe˙j isrlrejka iy /|úhka

mqkre;a:dmkh ls¯u i|yd oekg mj;sk myiqlï jeä†hqKq ls¯ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

2'8 nrm;, wmrdO i|yd uydêlrK n,iSud uÜgñka rcfha kS;s{jreka ,nd°fï l%uh

jvd ldr®hlaIuj iy .=Kd;aulj lrkakg lghq;= lrkafkuq'

2'9 ishÆ rdcH wdh;k" fomdr®;fïka;=" ixia:d iy uKav,j, by< ;k;=re i|yd

flfrk m;als¯ï ir®jmdlaIsl mdr®,sfïka;= lñgqjlska wkqu; lr .ekSug wjYH

m%;smdok ilia lrk w;r" tu ks,hka orkakka Y%S ,dxlsl mqrjeishka ùu w;HdjYH

ksr®Kdhlhla úh hq;= njg kS;s.; lrkafkuq'

2'10 rdcH ks,Od¯kag foaYmd,k n,mEïj,ska f;drj ksoyia m˙irhla ;=< ;u rdcld˙

lrf.k hEug wjYH lrk kS;suh m%;smdok läkñka ilia lrkafkuq' ms<s.;a

wdh;ksl l%shdmámdàka wkq.ukh lrñka w∞< mk;a yd kS;s fr.=,disj,g wkqj

m˙md,kuh ;SrK .;a ks,Od¯kag tfrysj fm!oa.,slj ys˙yer ls¯ug ñka miq

lsisjl=g bv fkd,efnk fia Tjqkag kS;suh wdrlaIdj i,ikafkuq'

2'11 uyck;djg f;dr;=re ±k.ekSug we;s whs;sh wms ;yjqre lruq' uE; ld,fha is≥jQ

uy nexl= uxfld,a,h ms<sn| fldama lñgq jdr®;dj jdrKh ls¯u jeks udOH úfrdaë

lghq;= iïmQr®Kfhka m%;slafIam lrk w;r" mqrjeis whs;sjdislï fjkqfjka udOH

ksoyi iïmQr®Kfhka u iqrlsuq'

2'12 hymd,kh uqjdfjka is≥flfrk foaYmd,k ur®okhg ;s; ;nuq' Pkaohlg fmr

m%;sjd°ka w;awvx.=jg .kakd jQ" uv m%pdr ;=<ska whq;= foaYmd,k jdis .kakg W;aidy

lrkakd jQ" mqrjeishkaf.a m%cd;ka;%jd° whs;sjdislï ur®okh lrkakd jQ" NSIK hq.hlg

kej; w;jkkakd jQ m%jK;djhkaf.ka h<s rg ksoyia lr .kafkuq' m%cd;ka;%jdohg

.re lrk uyck u;hg ysi kuk foaYmd,k i∞pdrh kej; we;s lruq'


[ 12 ]

3' wdr®:ßl l<ukdlrK m%;sm;a;sh

zmsìfok wdr®:ßlhla" ck;d flakaøSh ixjr®OkhlaZ

3'1 jr®I 2005 ° weu˙ldkq fvd,r® ì,shk 25 la jQ o< foaYSh ksIamd†;h 2015 jk úg

weu˙ldkq fvd,r® ì,shk 75 la olajd ;=ka .=Khlska jr®Okh fldg· ksoyiska miq jir

yeg mylg;a jvd ld,hla" wvq wdodhï,dNS" wiu;a rdcHhla f,i ye¢kajQ Y%S ,xldj

jir 9 la jeks flá l,la we;=<; zue† wdodhï,dNSZ" ziu;a rdcHhlaZ njg m;als¯ug

wms iu;a jQfhuq' jir 9 lska jir 4 la mqrd rg ;=< ìysiqKq hqO jd;djrKhla ;sìh°;a

<Ûdlr .;a fuu wdr®:ßl jr®Okh ieneúka u wdYapr®hhla nj wmf.a úYajdihhs'

3'2 j;auka rcfha widr®:l wdr®:ßl l<ukdlrKfha m%;sM,hla f,i tl;ek m,ajk -

lvdjegqKq - wdmiaig hk wdr®:ßlh kej;;a k.disgqjd jr®I 2020 ° weu˙ldkq fvd,r®

ì,shk 100 la jQ o< foaYSh ksIamd†;hla iy weu˙ldkq fvd,r® 7"000 lg jeä" tal

mqoa., wdodhula blaujd hk fm!oa.,sl yd rdcH wxY taldnoaOj is≥lrk iS>% wdr®:ßl

ixjr®Okhla <Ûd lr.ekSug wms iy;sl jkafkuq'

3'3 ;sridr ixjr®Ok l%shdj,sh ;=<ska rdcH wdodhï ksr;=rej jeälr .ekSug mshjr .kakd

w;r rdcH úhoï o ksis f,i l<ukdlrKh lrkafkuq' uQ,H ixirKh yd fmd,S

wkqmd;h ksis f,i l<ukdlrKh lrñka" foaYSh yd úfoaYSh wdfhdaclhka †˙u;a

lrñka ixjr®Ok l%shdj,sh i|yd rcfha odhl;ajh Wm˙u jYfhka ,nd°ug lghq;=

lrkafkuq'

3'4 lDIsldr®ñl" ldr®ñl yd fiajd hk wxY ksfhdackh lrñka rdcH" fm!oa.,sl iy iajhx

/lshd wxYhka ;=<ska taldnoaOj kj /lshd wjia:d ,laI 15 la cks; lrkafkuq' Y%u

n,ldfha iEu mqrjeisfhl=g u ;u iq≥iqlug i˙,k /lshd wjia:djla ,nd fokafkuq'

fm!oa.,sl wxYh fukau rdcH wxYh o YS% ,xldj ;=< b†˙ jir 5 ;=< is≥ls¯ug

ie,iqï lr we;s iS>% ixjr®Ok ls%hdj,sfha iqúYd, ldr®hNdrhla bgqls¯ug kshñ;

neúka j;auka rch úiska wkq.ukh lrk rdcH fiajh lmamd≥ ls¯fï m%;sm;a;shg

b∫rdu fjkia m%;sm;a;shl msysgñka rdcH fiajh ldr®hCIu fldg iqrCIs; fldg

fmdaIKh ls¯ug wms iy;sl jkafkuq'

3'5 wdr®:ßl ixjr®Ok ls%hdj,sh ;=< lDIsldr®ñl" ldr®ñl iy fiajd hk ishÆ wxY

ksfhdackh lrñka m%uqL;d iy kjH;d ixl,am y∫kd.ksñka rg ;=< ixjr®Okfha

†Ydk;sh ;SrKh ls¯u i|yd úoaj;=kaf.ka ie≥ï,;a mdr®,sfïka;=jg j.lshk zcd;sl

wdr®:ßl WmfoaYl lñgqjlaZ msysgqjkafkuq'


[ 13 ]

3'6 wdr®:ßlfha iEu m%Odk wxYhlu b†˙ m%.ukh iy;sl ls¯fï wruqKska úfYaIfhka

y∫kd.;a m%Odk lafIa;%hka i|yd z;sridr ixjr®Ok cd;sl ie,eiaulaZ yryd jr®I 2020

jk úg <Ûdlr .; hq;= b,lal iy Wmdh udr®. ia:dmkh lrkafkuq' tu b,lal

iy Wmdh udr®. imqrd.ekSug wjYH lrk iïmQr®K rdcH wkq.%yh ,nd°ug lghq;=

lrkafkuq'

3'7 ck;d flakaøSh wdr®:ßl ixjr®Ok l%shdj,shla ;=< jdr®Islj 8] lg jvd jeä wdr®:ßl jr®Ok

fõ.hla mj;ajd .ksñka jr®I 2020 jk úg ≥.S ≥mam;alu Y%S ,xldfjka iïmQr®Kfhkau

;=rka lrkafkuq' Y%u n,ldhg jirla mdid tlajk ,laI 4 la muK jQ ;reK ;reKshkag

/lshd wjia:d o ta yd iudka;rj ìysjk wdr®:ßl l<ukdlrKhla ;=<ska ≥mam;alu yd

ú/lshdj iïmQr®Kfhka ;=rkafldg tajd ;j≥rg;a foaYmd,k igkamdG fkdjk rgla

f.dvk.kafkuq'

3'8 jr®I 2020 ° rdcH uQ,H" cd;Hka;r fjf<| yd uQ,H lghq;=" cd;sl Kh l<ukdlrKh

Yla;su;a lrñka whjeh ysÛh cd;sl wd∞hfuka 3] g yd rdcH Kh 65] lg wvq

uÜgulg f.k tñka hym;a idr®j wdr®:ßlhla f.dvke.Sug o wms lem fjuq'

3'9 l,dmSh jHdmdr flakaøia:dkhla

3'9'1 b†˙ jir 10 ;=< l,dmSh jHdmdr flakaøia:dkhla njg Y%S ,xldj m;als¯ug

wjYH ie,iqï úoaj;=kaf.ka yd jD;a;slhkaf.ka iukaú; mdr®,sfïka;=jg

j.lshk cd;sl wdr®:ßl WmfoaYl lñgqfõ iyNd.s;ajfhka iïmQr®K fldg ta

i|yd wjYH lrk uQ,H m%;sm;a;s yd kS;s m%;sixialrK ldf,daÑ;j y∫kajd

fokafkuq'

3'9'2 Y%S ,xldj ;=< oekgu;a b;d fyd¢ka kshdukh jk nexl= yd rlaIK iud.ï

l,dmSh yd f.da,Sh fjf<|fmd<j,g jHdma; ls¯u †˙u;a ls¯u" i|yd wjYH

lrk rdcH wkq.%yh ta i|yd b†˙m;a jk wdh;kj,g ,nd fokafkuq'

3'9'3 hqoaOh wjika jk úg wefu˙ldkq fvd,r® ì,shk 5'2 l fjf<|fmd< m%d.aOkSlrKh

;snQ Y%S ,xldfõ fldgia fjf<|fmd< 2014 wjika jk úg wefu˙ldkq fvd,r®

ì,shk 28 olajd 535] jr®Okh l<dla fuka" jir 2020 jk úg iuia; fjf<|fmd<

m%d.aOkSlrKh wefu˙ldkq fvd,r® ì,shk 100 olajd jr®Okh ls¯ug wjYH

meye†,s ie,eiaula b†˙m;a lruq'


[ 14 ]

3'9'4 Yla;su;a fldgia fjf<|fmd<la ;=< rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl wxYj, f,dl= l=vd

wdh;kj, m%d.aOk wjYH;d imqrd.ekSug bv ie,iSfuka cd;sl" m%dfoaYSh yd

.%dóh ixjr®Ok l%shdj,shg jeä odhl;ajh ,nd°ug bv i,ikafkuq'

3'9'5 fldgia fjf<|fmd< yryd ´kEu iud„h ia:rhlg wh;a mqrjeisfhl=g

,ehsia;=.; iud.ïj, fldgialrefjl= ù rgg we;sjk iS>% ixjr®Okh;a iuÛ

tu wdh;k ,nkakd jQ m%;s,dN N=la;s ú£ug wjia:dj i,ikafkuq'

3'9'6 Y%S ,xldfõ ixflakaøS N+f.da,Sh msysàu wdkhk wmkhk iy wfkl=;a fjf<|

lghq;= i|yd jdishla f,i fhdod.ekSug f,dalfha we;s m%Odk;u nyqcd;sl

iud.ïj,g wdrdOkd lrk w;r" ;u l,dmSh uQ,ia:dkhka Y%S ,xldj ;=<

msysgqùug wjYH ishÆ †˙.ekaùï ,nd°ug wms lghq;= lrkafkuq'

3'10 lDIslr®uh

3'10'1 ù iy t<jΩ j.dj

w' wdydr w;ska iajhxfmdaIs; cd;shla njg m;aùfï wmf.a °r®>ld,Sk wruqK

h:dr®:hla njg m;als¯fï m%Odk uQf,damdh f,i f.dùkag ,ndfok zfmdfydr

iykdOdrhZ b†˙hg;a mj;ajdf.k hkafkuq' tfukau ji úI ke;s f.dú;ek

m%p,s; ls¯u i|yd ridhksl fmdfydr yd m<sfndaO kdYlj,ska f;dr f.dú;ekla

i|yd úfYaI iyk ,nd fokafkuq'

wd' f.dúhdf.a îc whs;sh yd iqrlaIs;;djh iy;sl jk m˙† îc foaYShj ksmoùu yd

fnodye¯u ms<sn| rcfha j.lSu ;j≥rg;a iy;sl lrk kj kS;s rduqjla y∫kajd

fokafkuq'

we' zKh ke;s f.dúfhlaZ ixl,amh hgf;a f.dúhd fjf<|fmd< úh.ig ne| ;nk

Kh n˙ka uqojd .ekSug w;HdjYH jk" iykodhS f.dú Kh i|yd u jQ f.dú

ck nexl= l%uh h<s wrUkafkuq'

wE' ù j.djg we;s b,aÆu ksishdldrj mj;ajdf.k hdu yd w;rue†hkaf.a n,mEu

wju ls¯u i|yd ù lsf,dajla remsh,a 50 l iy;sl ñ,g .ekSug rch ue†y;a

jk w;r" oekg wr®nqohlg uqyqKmd isák l=vd yd uOH m˙udK iy,a fuda,a

ysñhka i|yd iyk ld,iSudjlg hg;aj rch ñ,° .;a ù f;d. ,nd°ug lghq;=

lrkafkuq'


[ 15 ]

b' iy,a iy nvb˙Û= ksIamdokfhka rg iajhxfmdaIs; jQ m˙†u ukd lDIslr®udka;

ie,eiaula yd l<ukdlrKhla ;=<ska jr®I 2020 jk úg uqxweg" lõmS" fidahd

fndaxÑ" l=rlalka iy W∫ jeks wfkl=;a wdydr fnda.j,ska rg iajhxfmdaIs;

ls¯ug lghq;= lruq'

B' wjqre≥ 10 lg jvd jeä ld,hla rcfha bvïj, lDIsldr®ñl lghq;= is≥lrñka

isá iqΩ f.dúhkag tu bvï iskaklalrj u ,nd °ug wjYH lghq;= iïmdokh

lrkafkuq'

W' úoHd;aul l%ufõohlg wkqj Y%S ,xldj lDIs md˙i˙l l,dm .Kkdjlg fnod

ta ta l,dmhg .e<fmk m,;=re yd t<jΩ wiajkq ,s;lg wkqj j.dls¯ug"

f.dùkag u. fmkaùu iy ;dlaIKsl myiqlï iemhSug lghq;= lrkafkuq' tu

fnda. foaYSh yd úfoaYSh fjf<|fmd< b,lal lrf.k iemhSug wjYH úêu;a

l%ufõohla ilia lrkafkuq'

W!' t<jΩ ñ, wvqfjka mj;ajd .ekSug úfYaIfhka Woõ jk f.dùkaf.a wiajkq

iqrlaIs;j l,a ;nd .ekSug wjYH rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl wxYh uÛska mj;ajdf.k hk

YS;d.dr myiqlï we;=Ω ;dlaIKsl Wmfoia iy iyfhda.h f.dúhka fj; ,nd

fokafkuq'

t' t<jΩ iqrlaIs;j" läkñka yd wvq úhoulska m%jdykh ls¯u i|yd úêu;a

hdka;%Kh ilia ls¯ug wjYH l%ufõohla ilia ls¯fï wruqKska uOH m˙udK

jHjidhlhkaf.a o iyNd.s;ajfhka hq;a lñgqjla yryd úêu;a jev ms<sfj<la

b†˙m;a lruq'

3'10'2 f;a j.dj

w' w;S;fha mgkau wfma m%Odk;u wmkhk fnda.h jQ f;a i|yd isá m%Odk

.ekqïlrejka jk reishdj" ueofmr†. wd† rgj,a j;auka rcfha ≥r®j, úfoaY

in|;d m%;sm;a;sh ksid Y%S ,xldfjka wE;aù isàu f;a i|yd fyd| ñ,la wo

fkd,eîug m%Odk fya;=jla ù ;sfí' tu ksid läkñka fuu fjf<| iïnkaO;d

wÆ;a lr f;a i|yd fjf<|fmd< m%jr®Okhg rcfha Rcq ue†y;aùu ,ndfouq'

tfiau f;a oÆ lsf,dajla i|yd re' 90 l iy;sl ñ,la ,nd fokafkuq'

wd' l=vd f;a j;=ysñhkag ;u j;=msáj, M,odj jr®Okh lr.ekSu i|yd wvq fmd,S

iyk f.ùï Kh l%uhla y∫kajd fok w;r" ta i|yd wjYH úoHd;aul {dkh

yd wê;dlaIKsl l%ufõohka y∫kajd°ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'


[ 16 ]

we' l=vd f;a j;=ysñhka b,lal lrñka Tjqkaf.a ksIamdok ms˙jeh wju ls¯u i|yd

wjYH hkaf;%damlrK ñ,° .ekSug wvq fmd,S iyk Kh l%uhla l%shd;aul

lrkafkuq'

wE' l=vd f;a j;= ysñhkaf.a uvq ilia lr .ekSu i|yd l=vd f;a j;= iñ;shlg

remsh,a 100"000 l uQ,HdOdrhla ms˙kukafkuq'

3'10'3 rnr®

w' rnr® i|yd jQ fjf<|fmd< m%jr®Okh i|yd m%Odku .ekqïlrejka jk Ökh

jeks rgj,a iuÛ oaùmdr®Yaùh ñ,° .ekSfï .súiqïj,g t<öug wjYH idlÉPd

rcfha ue†y;a ùfuka wdrïN lrkafkuq' tfiau rnr® i|yd remsh,a 300 l

iy;sl ñ,la ,nd fokafkuq'

wd' wmkhk lghq;= i|yd rnr® ñ,° .kakd yd Ndú; lrk by< m%ñ;slrKfha

lr®udka;Yd,d lsysmhla rg ;=< wdrïN ls¯ug foaYSh yd úfoaYSh wdfhdaclhkag

wdrdOkd fldg Tjqka ffOr®hu;a ls¯ug wjYH myiqlï ,nd fouq'

we' m%;swmkhkh i|yd rnr® wdY%s; w;rue† ksuejqï NdKav Y%S ,xldfjka ñ,°

.kakd iy rnr® wdY%s; wjidk NdKav ksIamdokh lrk foaYSh fukau úfoaYSh

wdfhdaclhkag Y%S ,xldj ;=< kj lr®udka;Yd,d weröug wdrdOkd lrk w;r"

Tjqkag wjYH lrk wdr®:ßl iyk ,ndfokafkuq'

3'10'4 fmd,a

w' fmd,a j.dfõ M,odhS;djh jeä ls¯u i|yd wjYH kj ixl,am yd ;dlaIKhka

ms<sn| mqyqKqj fmd,a j.djg iïnkaO jHdmd˙lhkag rcfha wkq.%yfhka

,ndfokafkuq'

wd' f;a" rnr® yd fmd,a j.djkag wod< ishÆ wK mk;a kQ;k wjYH;djhkag

.e<fmk m˙† jydu ixfYdaOkh fldg tu lafIa;%hkays jr®Okhg we;s kS;suh

.egÆ yd ndOd ksrdlrKh lr fokafkuq'

we' úfoaY rgj, wdOdr ,ndf.k f;a" rnr® yd fmd,a wdY%s; ishÆ mr®fhaIK wdh;k

kùlrKh fldg tajdg wjYH kQ;k ;dlaIKh uÛska m˙mQr®K ls¯ug lghq;=

lruq'


[ 17 ]

3'10'5 idïm%odhsl fkdjk wmkhk fnda.

w' oekgu;a f,dalfha Wiiau jr®.fha l=re∫ imhkafkl= jk Y%S ,xldfõ l=re∫

lr®udka;h m%jr®Okhg iïmQr®K fjf<| pl%hu wdjrKh jk m˙† m%jr®Ok jev

ms<sfj<la y∫kajd fokafkuq'

wd' l=re∫ ;e,Sug oekg mj;sk Y%u W!k;djh uÛ yerùu i|yd kj Y%u wdfoaYl

;dlaIKsl WmlrK ñ,g .ekSfï° tu ksIamdolhkag úfYaI n≥ iyk yd

iykodhS Kh myiqlï ,ndfokafkuq'

we' id†lald" lrdnq keá" fldfldajd iy mqjla jeks wmkhk fnda. ksIamdokh

lrkakka yd fjf<|dï lrkakka i|yd iykodhS ldrl m%d.aOk Kh l%ufõohla

y∫kajd fokafkuq'

3'10'6 iSks lr®udka;h

w' jir 2020 jk úg ,xldfõ iSks wjYH;dj foaYShj iïmQr®K ls¯ug yelsjk

m˙† iSks lr®udka;h †hqKq lruq' me,j;a;" fijk., yd ysÛ=rdk lr®udka;Yd,d

kùlrKh lrk w;r Wla j.dfõ M,odhS;dj jeä ls¯ug wjYH wê M,od îc

l%u yd kQ;k j.d l%u y∫kajd°ug rcfha iydh ,ndfouq'

wd' wkqrdOmqr" jõkshdj" uvl,mqj" uq,;sõ" ukakdru yd ìì, hk m%foaYj,

fylaghdr 120"000 la wÆ;ska Wla j.djg tl;= lrk w;r" ta m%foaYj,g kùk

lr®udka;Yd,d ,nd°ug lghq;= lruq' fuu.ska f.dú mjq,a 10"000 lg muK

w;sfr®l wdodhï udr®. Wodflfrk w;r Rcq /lshd 25"000 la muK ìysjkq

we;'

we' iSks lr®udka;fha w;=reM,hla f,i mqkr®ckkSh n,Yla;s m%Njhka ksIamdokh

fldg th cd;sl ú≥,sn, moaO;shg tlals¯ug lghq;= lruq'

3'10'7 j;auka rch úiska ksishdldrj ls%hd;aul fkdlrkq ,nk ù" f;a iy rnr® i|yd

iy;sl ñ, f.ùu kej; wrUuq' ms<s.; yels fjf<|fmd< idOlhka u; is≥jk

ñ, wvqùïj,° iy;sl ñ, ia:djrj mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd w;rue†hkag wjYH

lrk wdr®:ßl wkq.%yh rch u.ska ,nd°ug l%ufõohla ilia lrkafkuq'

3'10'8 f;a" rnr®" fmd,a iy wfkl=;a idïm%odhsl iy idïm%odhsl fkdjk wmkhk

fnda. i|yd wmkhk úúOdx.SlrKhg ,lals¯ug wjYH rdcH wkq.%yh ,nd°ug

wms lghq;= lrkafkuq' tfiau fuu wmkhkhka i|yd kj fjf<|fmd<j,a

wdlr®IKh ls¯ug cd;sl uÜgfï úfYaI{ ldr®hdxYhla msysgqjkafkuq'


[ 18 ]

3'10'9 ù j.dj" f;a" rnr® iy wfkl=;a fnda. j.d i|yd oekg mj;sk idïm%odhsl ñ,°

.ekSfï l%ufõoh fjkqjg kj hdka;%Khla y∫kajd °ug;a kj ñ, iQ;%hla wkqj

f.dúhdg iy md˙fNda.slhdg jeä iykhla ,efnk l%ufõohla y∫kajd °ug;a

mshjr .kafkuq'

3'10'10 mY= lr®udka;

w' mY= iïm;a ixjr®Ok uKav,fha ;dlaIKsl uÛfmkaùu hgf;a °mjHdma; i;aj

wNsckk f.dúm<j,a cd,hla msysgqùug" l=vd yd uOH m˙udK jHjidhlhka

†˙ .ekaùfï iyk jev ms<sfj<la wdrïN lrkafkuq' tfiau †hr ls˙ ,Sgrhla

i|yd remsh,a 70 l iy;sl ñ,la o ,nd fokafkuq'

wd' mY= ffjoH Wmdêh i|yd n|jd .kakd YsIH ixLHdj by< kexùfuka fuu

lr®udka;fha ixjr®Okh i|yd wjYH jD;a;slhkaf.a ixLHdj mqΩ,a lrkafkuq'

we' l=l=Ω ksIamdokfhka rg iajhxfmdaIs;j we;s ksid wfma ksIamdok i|yd bka†hdj"

ol=Kq wm%sldj yd ueofmr†. jeks fjf<|fmd<j,a ch .ekSug wjYH uQ,sl

myiqlï rcfha iydfhka ,nd°ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

wE' †jhsfka W;=re yd kef.kysr ck;djf.a idïm%odhsl mY= lr®udka;hla jk

tΩjka we;s ls¯u jr®Okh i|yd wjYH megjqka iEu mjq,lg u ,nd°ug jev

igykla wdrïN lrkafkuq'

b' ,laI 12 lg;a jeä ls˙ t<fokqka isáh;a y˙hdldrj †hqKq ù ke;s ls˙ lr®udka;h

k.d isgqùug cd;sl jev ms<sfj<la b†˙m;a lrkafkuq'

B' ls˙ lr®udka; ysñhka i|yd rcfha iyNd.s;ajfhka rg mqrd jHdma; ls˙ tl;=

ls¯fï cd,hla yd .nvdlrK uOHia:dk iuQyhla ia:dms; lrkafkuq'

W' foaYSh yd úfoaYSh wdfhdaclhkaf.a iyNd.s;ajfhka rg ;=< ls˙ ksIamdok

lr®udka;Yd,d wÆ;ska msysgqùug yd mj;sk lr®udka;Yd,d kùlrKh ls¯ug;a

tajd i|yd wjYH n≥ iyk ,nd°" md˙fNda.slhdg idOdrK ñ,lg ls˙ msá

,nd°fï jev ms<sfj<la ilia ls¯ug;a mshjr .;af;uq'


[ 19 ]

3'11 lr®udka; yd fiajd

3'11'1 lr®udka;hla wdrïN ls¯fï°" mqΩ,a ls¯fï° iy mj;ajdf.k hdfï° jr®;udkfha

n,d;aulj mj;sk úúO mk;aj, mj;sk mriamr;d fya;=fjka wmyiq;djhg

m;ajk lr®udka;lrejka uqyqK fok úúOdldr ndOd bj;alr Tjqka †˙.ekaùug

iy Bg myiqlï ie,iSug kj kS;suh rduqjla y∫kajd fokafkuq' ta i|yd mQr®K

n,;, iys; lr®udka; ixjr®Ok mk; f.k tkafkuq'

3'11'2 n≥lrKh ir, iy myiq ls¯u" rcfhka ,nd.; hq;= ishÆ wkque;Ska tla

jy,la hg° ,nd.ekSu iy ta i|yd .; lrk ld, rduq ksYaph ls¯u" wuqøjH

imhd .ekSu myiq ls¯u" udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh" m˙ir ixrlaIKh" kùk

;dlaIK Ndú;h" wmkhk fjf<|fmd<g myiq wj;Sr®Khla ,nd°u wd° ishÆ

lafIa;%hka fuu mk;ska wdjrKh lrkafkuq'

3'11'3 rfÜ iEu m%dfoaYSh f,alï fldÜGdihlg u tl ne.ska foaYSh iïm;a Ndú;d

jk lr®udka; yd w.h tl;=ls¯fï lr®udka; we;=Ω lr®udka;Yd,d 325 la wdrïN

ls¯ug foaYSh yd úfoaYSh wdfhdaclhkag wdrdOkd lruq' tu lr®udka;Yd,d

msysgqùug wjYH ishÆ wjirhka tl u jy,la hgf;a ,nd°ug lghq;= lrk

w;r" Tjqka †˙.ekaùug wjYH lrk myiqlï ish,a, ,ndfokakg lghq;=

lrkafkuq' fï yryd ;u „jk m%foaYh ;=<u l< yels /lshd wjia:d ,laIhla

W;amdokh lrkafkuq'

3'11'4 cd;sl lr®udka; moaO;sh ;=< kj oekqu yd foaYSh fidhd.ekSï †˙.ekaùu i|yd

;dlaIKsl mr®fhaIK úoHd.dr moaO;shla rgmqrd úYajúoHd, moaO;sh wdY%s;j

msysgqjkafkuq'

3'11'5 úúO úoHd{hska yd mr®fhaIlhka tjeks kj fidhd.ekSï yd ixjr®Ok lghq;=

i|yd †˙.ekaùug cd;sl mr®fhaIK yd ixjr®Ok wruqo,la msysgqjkafkuq' tu

wruqo, uÛska lr®udka;lrejkag yd mr®fhaIlhkag wjYH uQ,H iyh ,nd°ug

lghq;= lrkafkuq'

3'11'6 ks,a ihqre wdr®:ßlh

w' Y%S ,xldfõ uqyq≥ iSudj mqΩ,a lr .ekSu i|yd ckdêm;s uyskao rdcmCI iufha wm

l< b,a,Sulg wkqj tlai;a cd;Skaf.a id.r kS;shg wkqj Y%S ,xldfõ md,khg

hg;a uqyq≥ wdr®:ßl l,dmfha iSudjka wÆ;ska ksr®Kh ls¯fï°" Y%S ,xldjg b†˙fha°

whs;s ùug kshñ; uqyq≥ m%foaYh rfÜ iuia; N+ñ m%udKh fuka 23 .=Khla

muK fõ'


[ 20 ]

wd' fuu ;;a;ajh hgf;a wm ujqìfï" wdr®:ßl ixjr®Ok l%shdj,shg ks,a ihqr Wm˙u

jYfhka odhl lr .ekSu i|yd zihqr wmf.a fidhqrdhZ hk ixl,amh hgf;a

;sridr ixjr®Ok ie,eiaula b†˙m;a lrkafkuq'

we' fuu kj uqyq≥ iSudj ;=< we;s Lksc f;,a" .Eia yd Lksc je,s jeks iïm;a

.fõIKh ;=<ska ,xldfõ iuia; wdr®:ßlh úma,ùh fjkilg fhduq lrjkakg

lghq;= lrkafkuq'

wE' Y%S ,xldj l,dmfha ku †kQ .nvd" m%jdyk yd jákdlï tl;= ls¯fï

flakaøia:dkhla njg m;als¯fï wruqK uq≥ka muqKqjd .ekSug Wmldr jkq msKsi

fld<U" yïnkaf;dg" ;%sl=Kdu,h" lkalika;=fr® yd TÆú,a hk jrdhkag wod<

ixjr®Ok lghq;= läkï lr tajd jeä†hqKq lruq'

b' .dÆ jrdh úfYaIfhka u ixpdrl lr®udka;fha m%jr®Okhg wjYH myiqlï

imhk ixpdrl jrdhla f,i ixjr®Okh lruq'

B' fmr wmr fo†. rgj,a hd lrk m%Odk uqyq≥ udr®.hg b;d wdikakj msysgd we;s

yïnkaf;dg jrdh wdY%s;j keõ i|yd bkaOk iemhSfï lr®udka;h †hqKq ls¯u

;=<ska rgg úYd, wdodhula ,nd .ekSug lghq;= lrk w;r tu keõj,g" wfkl=;a

nvq NdKav yd iydh fiajdjka iemhSug l=vd yd uOH m˙udK jHjidhlhka

†˙u;a ls¯fï úfYaI jev ms<sfj<la ilia lruq'

W' fld<U yd yïnkaf;dg wdY%s; wx. iïmQr®K jrdh k.r folla b†fldg"

ixpdrl fydag,a" idmamq ixlSr®K" úfkdao uOHia:dk" m%or®Yk yd iïuka;%K Yd,d

myiqlï hkd†fhka iukaú; zl,dmSh fjf<| flakaø follaZ msysgqjkafkuq'

W!' oekgu;a b;d idr®:lj mqΩ,a lr we;s rg jgd msysá ëjr jrdhkays myiqlï ;j≥rg;a

jr®Okh fldg ëjr lr®udka;h rfÜ ck;djg fmdaIKh i|yd ,nd°ug muKla

fkdj rgg úYd, úfoaY úksuhla ,nd.; yels idr®:l wmkhk lr®udka;hla

njg o m;als¯u u.ska wm uqyq≥ l,dmh ;=< we;s u;aiH iïm;ska Wm˙u M,

fk,d.kakg lghq;= lrkafkuq'

t' ks,a ihqr" ixpdrl lr®udka;h m%jr®Okfha° fnfyúka m%fhdackj;a idOlhls'

;,auiqka yd fvd,aµska uiqka keröu" fldr,a keröu" r< l%Svd" lsñ≥ï" fndaÜgq

yd Tre me°u" úfkdaoh i|yd uiqka we,a,Su" ;%dickl l%Svd" fndaÜgq ;rÛ wd°

iuqødYs%; ixpdrl lghq;= i|yd iqúfYaIS rgla f,i cd;Hka;r ms<s.ekSula

,nd°ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'


[ 21 ]

ta' idïm%odhsl ëjr lr®udka;fha fhfok mjq,aj, fukau fuu lr®udka;hg

wj;Sr®K ùug leu;s orejka fjkqfjka ëjr ;dlaIKsl úoHd,hka wrUkafkuq'

tajd yryd ëjr lafIa;%fha kj m%jK;d" kj ;dlaIKhka" hkaf;%damlrK

Ndú;h" „ú;drlaIK l%ufõo" id.r kS;s" cd;Hka;r uqyq≥ iSud fukau u;aiH

iïm; ksjer†j fk,d .kakd iy /l n,d .kakd wdldrh o b.ekaùug lghq;=

lrkafkuq'

T' wka;r®cd;sl fjf<|fmd< ;=< u;aiH wiajkq wf,úh iïnkaOfhka u;=jk

wNsfhda.j,g uqyqK°u i|yd kj fjf<|fmd< fidhd hdfï jevigykla

wdrïN lrkafkuq'

´' lrj," Wïn,lv iy cdä ksIamdok lr®udka; i|yd ldka;d jHjidhl mx;shla

ìys ls¯u i|yd ldka;djkag úfYaI jQ iyk Kh l%uhla y∫kajd fokafkuq'

l' uqyq≥nv ëjr lr®udka;hg iu.dój ñ˙†h u;aiH lr®udka;h o †hqKq ls¯u

i|yd wNHka;r c,dY wdY%s;j mqΩ,a c, „ú ixjr®Ok jevms<sfj<la cd;sl

uÜgfuka l%shd;aul lruq'

.' ëjr m%cdjg ;u jD;a;sh i|yd kùk ;dlaIK l%ufõo fhdod.ekSu ffOr®hu;a

lrùu i|yd Tjqka fjkqfjka u b,lal.; iyk Kh l%uhla rdcH nexl= yryd

l%shd;aul ls¯ug lghq;= lrkafkuq' ëjr fndaÜgq yd WmlrK ,nd°ug l,an≥

Kh l%uhla y∫kajd fokafkuq'

c' wmf.a N+f.da,Sh msysàu jdishla lr .ksñka jrdh wdY%s;j fukau .eUqre

uqyqfoa o kdúl hd;%d wÆ;ajeähdj fukau keõ iy fndaÜgq ksIamdok lr®udka;

jeä≥r †hqKqjg úfYaI wjOdkh fhduq lrkafkuq'

g' f,dalfha by< wdodhï iys; jD;a;Ska f,i ie,flk kdúl lafIa;%fha úúO

/lshd i|yd oekqu yd mqyqKqj ,nd°ug id.r úYajúoHd,fha wOHhk wjia:d

mqΩ,a lrkafkuq'

v' Wmdh udr®.sl lr®udka;hla f,i áka udΩ lr®udka;h ixjr®Okh lrkafkuq'

ta i|yd u;aiH wiajekak nyq, m%foaY 5 l lr®udka;Yd,d wdrïN ls¯ug

wdfhdaclhkag myiqlï i,ikafkuq'

K' ks,a ihqre wdr®:ßlh ;=<ska b†˙ jir 5 ;=< kj iDcq iy jl% /lshd 400"000 la

W;amdokh ls¯ug lghq;= lruq'


[ 22 ]

3'11'7 ixpdrl mdrd°ihla

w' oekgu;a jirlg ixpdrlhska ì,shk 1'1 lskao weu˙lka fvd,r® á%,shk 1'5 lg

jeä wdodhulska o iukaú; jQ ixpdrl lr®udka;h f,dj úYd,;u lr®udka;h

fõ' ishjia .Kkdjl b;sydih mqrd ixpdrl mdrd°ihla f,i m%p,s;

úúOdldr jQ ixpdrl wdlr®IKhkaf.ka iukaú; wmf.a uõìfï wdr®:ßl ixjr®Ok

l%shdj,sfhys,d ixpdrl lr®udka;hg l< yels odhl;ajh w;suy;a h'

wd' jir 2020 jk úg ixpdrlhskaf.a meñ”u ñ,shk 4 lg by< kxjd ta ;=<ska

weu˙lka fvd,r® ì,shk 5 l wdodhula o iDcq iy jl% /lshd 350"000 lao cks;

ls¯u wmf.a wruqKhs'

we' fï i|yd wm rg ;=< mj;sk woaú;Sh iy úúOdldrjQ ms˙is≥ fjr< ;Srhka"

f,dal Wreuhka" foaYSh ffjoH iy iqj;d myiqlï" ixialD;sl iy l,d wx.hka"

iajdNdúl m˙irh" jk yd i;aj iïm; jeks ixpdrl wdlr®IKhka ms<sn| wjYH

cd;Hka;r fjf<| m%pdrhka ,nd°ug rchla f,i iDcqj u ue†y;a ùu ;=<ska

ixpdrl jHdmdrhg wjYH Wm˙u iyfhda.h ,nd°ug wms lghq;= lrkafkuq'

wE' ixpdrl lr®udka;h ;sridr uÜgfï mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd lreKq folla

iïnkaOj úfYaI wjOdkh fhduqúh hq;= nj wmf.a úYajdihhs' tkï"

÷ fuu lr®udka;fha m%jr®Okh uÛska ,efnk wdr®:ßl m%;s,dN rfÜ

mqrjeishkaf.ka úYd, m%udKhlg fn° hd hq;=h'

÷ fuu lr®udka;fha m%jr®Okh yryd is≥jk lsis≥ l%shdldrlulska m˙irhg

lsis≥ ydkshla is≥ fkdúh hq;=h'

b' ixpdrlhkaf.a wd.uk ú.uk lghq;= myiq yd ldr®hlaIu ls¯u i|yd Tjqka

wdlr®IKh ls¯ug jeä yelshdjla we;s k.r Y%S ,xldjg iïnkaO ls¯ug wjYH

.=jka fiajd mqΩ,a ls¯ug wms lghq;= lrkafkuq' ta i|yd f,dalfha ms<s.;a .=jka

iud.ïj,g wmf.a .=jka f;dgqm< iu. we;s iïnkaO;djh jr®Okh ls¯ug

wjYH ishÆ myiqlï iy iyfhda.h ,ndfokafkuq'

B' úfYaIfhka u fõ.fhka jr®Okh fjñka mj;sk Ökh m%uqL" reishdkq" ueofmr†.

i|yd wdishdkq l,dmSh ±jeka; ixpdrl fjf<|fmd< YS% ,xldjg wdlr®IKh

lr .ekSug úfYaI wjOdkhla fhduq lrkafkuq'


[ 23 ]

W' úfoaYSh ixpdrlhka fuka ;=ka .=Khla muK jk foaYSh ixpdrlhkaf.a

m˙fNdackh i|yd wjYH myiqlï .=Kd;aul Ndjfhka jr®Okh ls¯ug;a ñf,ka

myiq ls¯u;a wmf.a wruqKhs' fï i|yd oekgu;a rgmqrd úis¯ we;s iqΩ yd

uOH m˙udKfha ;dkdhï iy ksjdvq ksfla;khka m%ñ;s.; ls¯ug wjYH uQ,H

iyfhda.h iykodhS fmd,S l%uhla hgf;a" tajd mj;ajdf.k hk jHdmd˙lhkag


W!' ixpdrl lr®udka; m%jr®Okfha m%;s,dN .Dyia: wdr®:ßlhg ,nd°fï wruqKska

Y%S ,xldfõ fuf;la m%p,s;j ke;s kuq;a f,dalfha m%p,s; zixpdrl i;aldrl

ksjdiZ l%uh m%jr®Okh i|yd wjYH jHjidhl mqyqKqj" Kh myiqlï iy

m%pdrK iyh ,nd°ug wms lghq;= lrkafkuq' ta hgf;a m<uq jir ;=< ksjdi

25"000 lg wkq.%yh ,nd°ug n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjuq'

t' ixpdrl fydag,a j,g ú≥,sh iyk ñ,lg ,nd°u i|yd l%ufõohla ilia

lrkafkuq'

3'11'8 weÛΩï lr®udka;h

w' rgg úYd, f,i úfoaY úksuh Wmhd fokq ,nk weÛΩï lafIa;%fha fiajfha kshq;=

ldka;djka i|yd WmfoaYk fiajd uOHia:dk 10 la we;s flfrk w;r tjka †˙h

†hKsjrekaf.a iy †˙h mq;=kaf.a jD;a;Sh .re;ajh by< kexùu b,lal fldg.;a

úfYaI jevigykla l%shd;aul ls¯ug wjYH lghq;= tu lr®udka;fha kshq;=

wdh;kj, o" iyfhda.fhka l%shd;aul lrkafkuq'

wd' weÛΩï lafIa;%fha jir mylg jvd fiajfha kshq;= wh i|yd iyk fmd,S ksjdi

Kh fhdackd iy rlaIK l%uhla nexl= iy rlaIK moaO;sh yryd l%shd;aul

lrkafkuq'

we' .Dyia:" l=vd iy uOH m˙udK weÛΩï iy w;alï i|yd b,lal.;j úêu;a

f;d. fjf<| uOHia:dk ;=kla uyr.u" .ïmy iy ld;a;kal=ä m%foaYj,

msysgqjkafkuq'

wE' weÛΩï lr®udka;fha úúOdx.SlrKh yd kùlrKh i|yd wjYH kj ;dlaIK

yd l<ukdlrK oekqu ,nd .ekSu i|yd;a fiajl fiaúldjkag M,odhs;d jr®Ok

mqyqKqj ,nd °u i|yd;a tu lafIa;%fha kshq;= l=vd yd uOH m˙udK jHdmdrj,g rdcH

wkq.%yh ,nd°u i|yd l%uj;a jevms<sfj<la b†˙m;a lrkafkuq'


[ 24 ]

b' weÛΩï lr®udka;fha kshe,S isák fiajl fiaúldjkag úY%du jegqma l%uhla

läkñka y∫kajd°ug wdh;k ysñhka yd rlaIK iud.ï iuÛ tlaj kj

l%ufõohla y∫kajd fokafkuq'

B' foaYSh fjf<|fmd< fukau uOH iy wvq wdodhï ,nk ziyrd - wm%sldkqZ iy

z,;ska weu˙ldkq rgj,aZ b,lal lr.;a ;dhs,ka;fha nexfldla kqjr f;d.

fjf<|fmd< jeks f;d. fjf<|fmd<la ishÆ há;, myiqlï iys;j uyr.u

muqKqj m%foaYhg wdikakj msysgqjkafkuq'

W' niakdysr iy kef.kysr m<df;a m%p,s; w;ahka;% fmaI lr®udka; ksIamdok

f;d. wf,úh i|yd uOHia:dk folla we;s flfr®'

W!' uvl,mq †ia;%slalfha foaYSh fr†ms<s ksIamdok lr®udka;h †hqKq ls¯fuka l=vd yd

uOH m˙udK jHdmd˙lhka †˙u;a lrkafkuq'

3'11'9 m;,a yd mdIdK lr®udka;h

w' ueKsla i|yd cd;Hka;r fjf<|fmdf<a oekgu;a wm †kd we;s lSr®;skduh

mokï lrf.k ixpdrl yd wmkhk m%jr®Ok lghq;= yd iïnkaëlrKfhka

Y%S ,xldj f,dalfha m%uqL;u ueKsla fjf<| uOHia:dkh njg m;a lrkafkuq'

±kg wr®nqohlg ,laù we;s Ökh" reishdj yd ueofmr†. rgj,a jeks rgj,

fjf<|fmd<j,a kej; wdlr®IKh lr .ekSug rcfha ue†y;aùu ,nd

fokafkuq'

wd' ueKsla lr®udka;h †hqKq ls¯u i|yd wê;dlaIKsl iQlaIau lemqï ;dlaIKh jeks

kj ;dlaIK l%ufõo y∫kajd °ug wjYH †˙.ekaùï imhkafkuq'

we' wm i;= ñksrka" fmdiafmaÜ" hlv" hmia" Lksc f;,a" iajdNdúl .Eia iy Lksc

je,s hk iïm;aj, ksis M, fk<d.ekSu i|yd;a" w.h tl;= l< ksñ lr®udka;

ìysls¯u i|yd;a zcd;sl ;srir Lksc iïm;a lr®udka; m%;sm;a;shlaZ y∫kajd

fokafkuq'

wE' fuu lr®udka; jeä†hqKqj i|yd „j ;dlaIKh" kefkda ;dlaIKh" úoHq;a

;dlaIKh" frdfnda ;dlaIKh" f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh jeks kùk ;dlaIKhka

Ndú; ls¯u i|yd m¯laIK lghq;= †˙u;a lruq'

b' wvq wdodhï,dNS ;reKhka i|yd kshduk m;,a l%uh yryd rcfha bvïj,

lekSï lghq;= ls¯ug rdcH ueKsla ixia:dj yryd wjYH n,m;%o" iyfhda.ho



[ 25 ]

3'11'10 f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh

w' Y%S ,xldfõ wêfõ.S udr®. is;shug iu.dój uykqjr" .d,a," hdmkh" lgqkdhl"

;%sl=Kdu,h hk k.rj, kj zf;dr;=re ;dlaIK .ïudkZ rch úiska msysgqjk

w;r" tajdfha wdfhdackh ls¯ug" ;reK ;reKshka mqyqKq ls¯ug iy /lshd

W;amdokh ls¯ug fm!oa.,sl wxYh Wkka≥ ls¯u i|yd rdcH wkq.%yh iys;

úfYaI jevigykla l%shd;aul lrkafkuq'

wd' by< idlaIr;djhlska hq;= olaI yd nqoaêu;a ;reK mrmqrla ysñ wfma rfÜ

zoekqu uQ,slZ Y%u n,ldhla f.dvke.Su uÛska Y%S ,xldj f,dalh ;=< úoHd

yd ;dlaIK mr®fhaIK flakaøhla f,i ia:dms; ls¯ug wjYH miqìu ilia

lrkafkuq' f,dalfha oekqu yd kfjda;amdokh ms<sn| m%Odk; u úYaj flakaøhka

oyfhka tlla njg Y%S ,xldj m;als¯u wfma †.= ld,Sk wruqKhs'

3'11'11 b†ls¯ï lr®udka;h

w' rfÜ iS>% jr®Okhla n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk b†˙ jirj,° l,dmfha †hqKq rgj, yd

iu l< yels b†ls¯ï lr®udka;hla f.dvke.Sug odhl jk" lafIa;%hg iïnkaO

ishÆ fiajdodhlhka" b†ls¯ïlrejka yd b†ls¯ï Ys,amSkaf.a jD;a;Shuh .egÆ

úif|k foaYSh b†ls¯ï lr®udka; m%;sm;a;shla ilia lrkafkuq'

wd' b†ls¯ï lr®udka;fha kshq;= úúO Ys,amSkag ld,Sk mqyqKq wjia:d ,nd°ug;a"

yelshdjka wkqj úfoaY /lshd i|yd iïnkaO ls¯ug;a úfYaI jevms<sfj<la

ilia lrkafkuq'

we' cd;sl lr®udka; moaO;sh ;=< kj oekqu yd foaYSh fidhd.ekSï †˙.ekaùu i|yd

;dlaIKsl mr®fhaIK úoHd.dr moaO;shla rgmqrd úYajúoHd, moaO;sh wdY%s;j

msysgqjkafkuq'

wE' úúO úoHd{hska yd mr®fhaIlhka tjeks kj fidhd.ekSï yd ixjr®Ok lghq;=

i|yd †˙.ekaùug cd;sl mr®fhaIK yd ixjr®Ok wruqo,la msysgqjuq'

3'11'12 l=vd jHdmdr yd iajhx /lshd

w' rfÜ wdr®:ßlfhka 70] lg muK Wrfok l=vd yd uOH m˙udK jHdmd˙lhka

iïnkaOj lghq;= ls¯ug msysgqjd we;s úúO fomdr®;fïka;= yd wdh;k w;r

ukd iïnkaëlrKhla oekg is≥fkdjk ksid fï ishÆ rdcH wdh;k yd wod<

jHjidhlhka o ksfhdackh jk j.lSu iys; cd;sl iNdjla msysgqjkafkuq'


[ 26 ]

wd' ldr®ñl ixjr®Ok uKav,h jvd;a Yla;su;a fldg .Dy" l=vd yd uOH m˙udK

jHjidhlhkag wjYH mqyqKqj" ;dlaIKh yd fjf<|fmd< f;dr;=re myiqfjka

,ndfok jevigykla l%shd;aul lrkafkuq' tfiau w∞< lafIa;%hkays ksr;

olaI fiajl fiaúldjkag yd jHjidhlhkaf.a orejkag lafIa;%fha jr®Okhg

wjYH kùk ;dlaI◊l ±kqu ,nd°u i|yd rdcH wkq.%yfhka úfoaY ixpdr yd

wOHdmk myiqlï i,ikq ,efí'

we' ishÆu rdcH nexl= uÛska m<uq jir fol ;=< jd˙l wh fkdlrk úfYaI ixjr®Ok

Kh fhdackd l%uhla iyk fmd,shlg fuu lafIa;%fha Wkak;sh i|yd y∫kajd

fokafkuq'

wE' Y%S ,xld wmkhk ixjr®Ok uKav,h iïmQr®Kfhka u m%;sjHqy.; lr .Dy"

l=vd iy uOH m˙udK jHjidhlhkaf.a ksIamdok cd;Hka;r fjf<|fmd<g

fhduqls¯ug iydh ,ndfokafkuq'

b' .%dóh lDIslr®udka; yd wfkl=;a l=vd m˙udK ksIamdolhkaf.a ksIamdok

/ials¯u yd fnodye¯u i|yd l=vd f,d˙hla fyda jEka r:hla ñ,° .ekSu i|yd

jhi wjqre≥ 35 g wvq ;reK jHdmd˙lhka mkia oyilg iyk fmd,shla hgf;a

Kh uqo,la ,nd fokafkuq'

B' m%jdyk fiajdjka imhk ;%sfrdao ˙he≥rkaf.a y†is uqo,a wjYH;d imqrd .ekSu

i|yd remsh,a 100"000 l úfYaI wvq fmd,S iys; Kh m;la (Credit Card) rdcH

wkq.%yfhka ,nd fokafkuq' tfukau wjqre≥ 20 lska wdmiq f.jd ksu l< yels

,laI 30 la olajd jQ ksjdi Khla wvq fmd,shg ,nd fokafkuq'

W' ixpdrlhka nyq,j .ejfik m%foaYj, fiajd imhk ;%sfrdao r: kshuqjkaf.a

úfoaY NdId yelshdjka yd wfkl=;a jD;a;Sh yelshdjka †hqKq ls¯u i|yd

úfYaI mdGud,djka y∫kajd°fï úêu;a jevms<sfj<la wod< wud;HdxY

iïnkaëlrKfhka l%shd;aul lruq'

W!' u.S m%jdykfha b;d jeo.;a ldr®hNdrhla bgq lrk" mdi,a orejka m%jdykh

lrk jEka r:" ldr®hd, m%jdyk fiajd jEka r: yd .=jkaf;dgqm< u.S m%jdyk

fiajd jEka r: i|yd by< .=Kd;aul fiajdjla iemhSu iy iqrlaIs; nj Wfoid

w∞< ix.ï iu. idlÉPd fldg wÆ;ska n≥ iyk iys;j jdyk wdkhkh

ls¯ug wjia:dj i,id fokafkuq'


[ 27 ]

t' idudkH ck;djf.a m%jdyk wjYH;d bgqls¯fï° is≥lrkq ,nk fiajh we.ehSula

jYfhka ;%S ù,r®j, wu;r fldgia ishÆ n≥j,ska ksoyia fldg" ñ, my; ±óug

lghq;= lruq'

ta' ;%sfrdao r: ysñlrejl=" l=,S fudagr® r: fiajhlg ;u jHdmdrh jeä†hqKq lrk

wjia:djl° ñ,° .kq ,nk m%:u l=,S fudagr® r:h i|yd ;Sre n≥ iyk ,nd°ug

mshjr .kafkuq'

T' ;%sfrdao r:" gelais r: yd mdi,a jEka r: kshdukh ls¯u i|yd wdh;khla

ia:dms; lrkafkuq'

´' fm!oa.,sl nia r:" ;%sfrdao r:" gelais r:" mdi,a jEka r: yd ixpdrl" m%jdyk

wd° ishÆ lafIa;%j, ˙he≥rka i|yd 2015 whjeh uÛska fhdackd l< úY%du jegqma

iy „ú; rCIK l%uh rcfha wëlaIKh hgf;a l%shdjg kxjkafkuq'

l' rfÜ wdr®:ßlfha m%n, fldgila jk iajhx /lshd kshqla;slhkag wjYH mqyqKqj

iy ;dlaIK ±kqu ,nd°ug úfYaI wjOdkhla fhduq lrkafkuq' tfiau Tjqka

rfÜ wdr®:ßlhg ,ndfokakd jQ odhl;ajh rcfha we.ehSug ,lajk l%ufõohla

ilia lrkafkuq' m<uq jir ;=< fmd,S rys;j iy bkamiq iyk fmd,shg Kh

wdOdr ,nd°ug l%ufõohla ilia lrkafkuq'

.' ol=Kq fld˙hdj" cmdkh" b;d,sh iy ´iafÜ%,shdj jeks rgj,a iu. kj /lshd

.súiqï we;slr .ksñka b;d by< jegqma iys; kj /lshd 50"000 la W;amdokh

lrkafkuq'

c' furgg tjk ,o úfoaY úksuh m%udKh mokï lr.ksñka úfoaY /lshdj,

kshq;= Y%S ,dxlslhkag ;Sre n≥ rys; jdyk n,m;%hla ,nd °fï l%ufõohla ilia

lrkafkuq'

g' úfoaY /lshd kshqla;slhka i|yd „ú; rlaIKhla yd taldnoaO úY%du jegqma

l%ufõohla rch ue†y;a ùfuka y∫kajd fokafkuq'

v' iuDoaê jHdmdrh tu jHdmdrfha m%;s,dNlrejka iy wfkl=;a mdr®Yajlrejka

iuÛ iyfhda.fhka b†˙hg mj;ajdf.k hkq ,nk w;r" iuDoaê m%;s,dN

°ukdj, uqof,a jeäùula ls¯ug o lghq;= lrkafkuq' tfiau ishÆ iuDoaê,dNSka

i|yd if;di iy iuqmldr wf,úi,aj,° fhd∞.; yels úfYaI jÜgï m%;s,dN

,ndfok kj iuDoaê ldâm;la y∫kajd°ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'


[ 28 ]

3'11'13 rdcH fiajh m%;sixúOdkh

w' rfÜ wdr®:ßlh f.dvkexùfï° rdcH fiajh bgq lrk ldr®hNdrh ;SrKd;aul

fõ' tneúka uyck fiajhg lemjQ ldr®hCIu rdcH fiajhla ìys ls¯u Wfoid

rdcH m˙md,kh m%;sixialrKh lrkafkuq' fï iuÛu rdcH m˙md,khg w∞<

h,amek .sh kS;s fr.=,dis hdj;ald,Sk fldg Yla;su;a lrkq ,efí'

wd' miq.sh iufha rdcH fiajlhkag ,nd≥ka ishÆ úfYaI °ukd uQ,sl mähg tl;=

ls¯ug jyd mshjr .kafkuq'

we' rdcH fiajlhl=f.a wju uQ,sl jegqm re' 25"000 olajd jeä lrkafkuq' fï wkqj

1(4'25 wkqmd;hg rdcH wxYfha ishÆ fY%a◊ i|yd jegqma ixfYdaOkhka is≥jkq

we;' óg wu;rj ±kg f.jk „jk úhoï °ukdj remsh,a 10"000 olajd jeä

flfr®'

wE' ikakoaO fiajd yd fmd,sia fiajfha jegqma ixfYdaOk lñgq udi ;=kla ;=< msysgqjd

w∞< ishÆ jegqma jeä ls¯ï läkñka ,nd°ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

b' rdcH fiajfha kj jegqma jHqyhg wkqj we;sjk jr®Okhkag wkql+,j

úY%dñlhkaf.a jegqma o mj;sk úIu;djhka úi|ñka ixfYdaOkh lrkafkuq'

óg wu;rj rdcH fiajlhkaf.a jegqma jeäjk iEu wjia:djlu úY%dñlhkaf.a

jegqma o Bg wkql+,j ixfYdaOkh ùug wjYH úêúOdk y∫kajd fokafkuq'

B' yuq∞ yd fmd,sia ks,Od¯ka" .=rejreka" fy†hka we;=Ω fi!LH fiajd yd iïnkaO

jD;a;slhka" .%du ks,Od¯ka" ;eme,a fiajfha kshqla; ,shqï fnokakka jeks iudc

fiajd lghq;=j, kshqla; rcfha ks,Od¯kago l,ska ≥ka iyk ñ,g h;=re me†


W ' rdcH wdh;k uÜgfï msysgqjd we;s fiajl iqNidOl ix.ïj, uQ,H yelshdj

jr®Okh ls¯u i|yd tajdfha isák idud‚l ixLHdj wkqj Wm˙uh remsh,a oY

,laIhla olajd uqo,la wdrïNl wruqo,la f,i ,nd fok w;r" tu.ska rcfha

fiajlhskaf.a y†is uQ,H wjYH;djka fjkqfjka remsh,a 25"000 l fmd,S rys;

wdmod Kh uqo,la ,nd .ekSug wjia:dj i,ikafkuq'

W!' furg iy msgrg° Wiia wOHdmkh ,eîu i|yd ´kEu rcfha fiajlfhl=g

iy Tjqkaf.a orejkag remsh,a ñ,shkhl iyk fmd,S Kh l%uhla l%shd;aul

lrkafkuq'


[ 29 ]

t' ksjdi foam< Kh l%uh hgf;a ksjdi i|yd Kh ,nd fkd.kakd rcfha

fiajlhkag tA fjkqjg jdyk Khla ,nd .ekSug bv i,ikafkuq'

ta' rdcH ks,Od¯kag foaYmd,k n,mEïj,ska f;drj ksoyia m˙irhla ;=< ;u rdcld˙

lrf.k hEug wjYH lrk kS;suh m%;smdok läkñka ilia lrkafkuq' ms<s.;a

wdh;ksl l%shdmámdàka wkq.ukh lrñka w∞< mk;a yd kS;s fr.=,disj,g

wkqj m˙md,kuh ;SrK .;a ks,Od¯kag tfrysj fm!oa.,slj ys˙yer ls¯ug ñka

miq lsisjl=g bv fkd,efnk fia Tjqkag kS;suh wdrlaIdj i,ikafkuq'

3'11'14 fm!oa.,sl wxYh

w' rg ixjr®Okh ls¯fï l%shdj,sfha ° mqoa.,sl wxYfha ldr®hNdrh wka ljr∞g;a

jvd ;SrKd;aul nj wms jgydf.k isáuq'

wd' rdcH wxYfha is≥l< jegqma ixfYdaOkhkag iudka;rj fm!oa.,sl wxYfha

fiajlhkag widOdrKhla fkdjk m˙† Tjqkaf.a wju uQ,sl jegqm remsh,a 3"000

lska jeäls¯ug lghq;= iïmdokh lrk w;r" tu jegqma jeä ls¯fuka fm!oa.,sl

jHdmd˙lhska hï wiSre;djlg m;ajkafka kï th iukh ls¯ug wjYH rdcH n≥

iyk yd uQ,Huh iyfhda.h ,nd fokafkuq'

we' j;= lïlrejka i|yd jegqma †klg remsh,a 1"000 olajd jeä ls¯u iy tu f.ùu

i|yd lsishï rdcH wkq.%yhla wjYH fõ kï tu uQ,H wjYH;djh ,nd ° by;

jegqma jeä ls¯u fkdmudj is≥lrkafkuq'

wE' tfukau h,amek .sh lïlre kS;s hdj;ald,Sk ls¯u i|yd kS;s iïmdol

uKav,hla ia:dms; lrkafkuq'

b' rdcH wxYfha fiajfha kshqla; fkdjk ffjoH" bx‚fkare" kS;S{" .KldêlrK"

.Dy ksr®udK Ys,amSka" ñkqïfodare fiajd wd° jD;a;Shfõ°kag m˙ir ys;ldó

fudagr® r:hla ñ,° .ekSug ;Sren≥ iyk iys; n,m;%%hla ,ndfokafkuq'

3'11'15 wdr®:ßlh h<s mK .ekaùu

w' j;auka rcfha w¥ror®YS" wl%uj;a iy widr®:l wdr®:ßl" idud„h yd foaYmd,k

m%;sm;a;s ksid ì|jegqKq ia:djr;ajh yels blaukska h<s f.dvke.Sug lghq;=

ls¯u b,lal lrñka"

• cd;sl †ia;s%la yd .%dóh uÜgfuka k;r lrkq ,en we;s ishÆ f,dl= l=vd

ixjr®Ok jHdmD;Ska kej; läkñka wdrïN lrkafkuq'


[ 30 ]

• iqΩ m˙udK" uOH m˙udK yd uyd m˙udK fldka;%d;alrejkag rch uÛska

f.úh hq;= ysÛ uqo,a ish,a, 2015 foieïnr® 31 g fmr iïmQr®Kfhka f.jd ksu

lrkafkuq'

• rgmqrd lvdjegqK yd wlr®uKH jQ il,úO jHdmdr läkñka h<s f.dv.ekSu

i|yd uyd NdKavd.drfha Rcq wëlaIKh hgf;a rdcH nexl= yryd iykodhS f.ùï

fldkafoais hgf;a" wvq fmd,S Kh ,nd°fï l%ufõohla y∫kajd fokafkuq'

• ixjr®Ok jHdmD;Ska wlr®uKH ùu fya;= fldgf.k nr jdyk yd úúO

hkaf;%damlrK i|yd l,an≥ f.ùug fkdyelsj wirK ù isák l=vd yd uOH

m˙udK jHdmd˙lhkag w∞< jd˙l f.ùu i|yd rch ue†y;a ù iyk ie,iSug

l%shd lrkafkuq'

• widOdrK f,i /lshdj,ska bj;a lrkq ,enQ ishÆ rdcH fiajlhka ysÛ jegqma

iys;j kej; fiajfha msysgqjkafkuq'

• m%;sm;a;suh lreKq u;" widOdrKhg yd wjkS;shg tfrysj bj;a jQ ishÆ wjxl

rdcH fiajlhka kej; fiajfha msysgqjkafkuq'

• rdcH wdh;kj, ysÛ wr®:idOl uqo,a yd m%udo ù we;s °ukd jydu f.ùug

lghq;= lrkafkuq'

wd' mj;akd rcfha wufkda{ úfoaY m%;sm;a;sh ksid wfmka wE;ajQ wdishdkq iy

f.da,Sh wdr®:ßl n,j;=ka iuÛ kej; läkñka idlÉPd wdrïN lrk w;r"

lvd jegqKq rg h<s f.dvke.Sfï l%shdj,sh fõ.j;a ls¯ug Tjqkaf.a wdr®:ßl iy

foaYmd,k iyfhda.h ,nd.ekSug lghq;= lruq'

we' iy,a" m˙mamq" l=l=Ω uia" udΩ" lrj," fmd,a" úh<s ñ˙ia" iSks" <ore ls˙msá we;=Ω

ishÆ u w;HdjYH wdydr øjHj, ñ, idOdrK uÜgulg my; fy<k w;r" tu

w;HdjYH NdKavj, ñ, ia:djrj mj;ajd .ekSug wjYH m˙† ,xld if;di yd

iuqmldr fldama isá wdh;k mqΩ,a lrkafkuqq'

wE' iEu iuDoaê °ukd ,nk mjq,lgu rch uÛska .Eia ,smla" .Eia is,skavrhla iy

.Eia m˙fNdackh i|yd udislj remsh,a 350 la °fï jHdmD;shla wrUkafkuq'

b' tfiau iuDoaê,dNSka yg y†is frda.dndO ;;a;ajhla fyda wkfmalaIs; idOdrK

uqo,a wjYH;djhla we;s jQ úg Tjqkaf.a wksjdr®h b;s˙ls¯ï .sKqïj,ska 50] l

uqo,la laI◊lj ,nd .; yels l%ufõohla ilia lrkafkuq'


[ 31 ]

B' iajr®KdNrK wmkhkh †˙.ekaùu i|yd r;a;rka we;=Ω wuqøjH wdkhkfha°

úfoaY uqo,a .kqfokq myiq ls¯u i|yd úfYaI úfoaY úksuh .sKqï mj;ajd .ekSug

bv ,ndfok w;r tajd i|yd ;Sre n≥ wvq lrkafkuq'

W' 2015 jr®Ifha wm úiska wÆ;ska ilia lrkq ,nk by< uQ,sl jegqm mokï lr

.ksñka iy ishÆ úY%du jegqma úIu;d bj;a lrñka úY%dñl fcHIaG mqrjeishka

m%Yia; úY%du jegqma ;,hl msysgqjkafkuq'

W!' fcHIaG mqrjeishka i|yd ,x.u nia yd ≥ï˙h jdr m%fõYm;% rdcH wkq.%yfhka

fkdñf,a ,nd fokafkuq'

t' fcHIaG mqrjeishka i|yd T!IO j,g uilg remsh,a 3000l °ukdjla ,ndfok

w;r" nrm;, Y,Hlr®uhla i|yd remsh,a ,laI 5l Wm˙uhlg hg;a ffjoH

rCIKhla fkdñf,a ,ndfokafkuq'

ta' fcHIaG mqrjeishkaf.a remsh,a ,laI 25 la olajd jQ ia:djr ;ekam;= i|yd 15]

fmd,shla ,nd fokafkuq'

T' mdúÉÑ lrk ,o jdyk ^Hybrid we;=Ω& wdkhkh i|yd wÆ;ska mkjk ,o

widOdrK n≥ ish,a, wfydais lrk w;r" wod< jHmdrhka kej; h:d ;;a;ajhg

f.k taug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

´' m%dfoaYSh iNd n, m%foaYj, .Dyia: c, .dia;=j 50] lska o k.r iNd n,

m%foaYj, c, .dia;=j 25] lska o jydu wvq lrkafkuq'


[ 32 ]

4' úfoaY m%;sm;a;sh

zw°kjQ;a" fkdne¢jQ;a" ñ;%YS,SjQ;a úfoaY m%;sm;a;shlaZ

4'1 iEu rglg u ;u rg b†˙hg f.k hk †Ydk;sh ;SrKh ls¯ug;a" ;u úfoaYSh

in|;dj, uQf,damdhka ;SrKh ls¯ug;a mru whs;shla we;s nj wmf.a úYajdihhs'

4'2 Y%S ,xldfõ cd;sl wjYH;djka flakaøfldg .ksñka ;u úfoaY m%;sm;a;sh yiqrejd

.ekSu i|yd fkdne¢ úfoaY m%;sm;a;sh iy fkdne¢ cd;Skaf.a jHdmdrfha l%shdld¯

idud‚l;ajh w;HdjYH ldrKdjla jk nj wmf.a úYajdihhs' ;sia jirl ;%ia;jd°

hqoaOh wjika ls¯fï° wms uqyqK≥ka m%uqL;u úfoaY m%;sm;a;s wNsfhda.h idr®:lj

ch.; yels jQfha wm f;dard.;a fï ksjer† uÛ ksid nj wmf.a yeÛSuhs'

4'3 wi,ajeis bka†hdj iy wdishdkq ñ;=rka iuÛ in|;dj wmf.a úfoaY m%;sm;a;sfha Yla;su;a

wä;d,u lr .kakd w;r" ngysrg .e;s jQ úfoaY m%;sm;a;shla fjkqjg nyq flakaøSh" ir®j

†Ydjkag úys≥Kq úfoaY in|;d moaO;shla we;slr .ekSu wmf.a wruqKhs'

4'4 wdishdfõ fõ.fhka ixjr®Okh jk rgla f,i wdishdfõ wdfrdayKh jk f,dalfha

nyqflakaøSh;ajh iuÛ wms wkkH fjuq' Ökh;a bka†hdj;a ,nd.kakd jQ fõ.j;a

wdr®:ßl jr®Okfha fláld,Sk" uOHld,Sk iy †.=ld,Sk m%;s,dN Y%S ,xldjg ,nd

.ekSug yelsùu uy;a Nd.Hhla fldg wms i,lkafkuq' ngysr rgj,a iuÛ wmf.a

wdr®:ßl ne£ï ;j ;j;a Yla;su;a lrk w;r" f,dalfha ke.S tk fjf<|fmd< iy

wdr®:ßl ur®uia:dk iu. wmf.a in|;d oeälr .ksñka ixjr®Ok udjf;a fõ.fhka

b†˙hg .uka ls¯u wmf.a wruqK jkafka h'

4'5 Y%S ,xldfõ iaffj¯Ndjh iy fN!ñl wLKav;djh iq/lSu msKsi yeuodu;a fmkS isá

BRICS rgj,a ^n%iS,h" reishdj" bka†hdj" Ökh iy ol=Kq wm%sldj& iy NAM ^fkdne¢

cd;Skaf.a jHdmdrh& rgj,a iuÛ tlaù .=Kd;aul cd;Hka;r in|;d f.dvke.Su iy

jr®Okh ls¯u wmf.a m%;sm;a;sh jkafka h' ta w;ru wdishdj ;=< iy f.da,Shj kj

iïu;hka f.dvke.Su i|yd odhl fjñka fjk;a rgj, úfoaY m%;sm;a;sj, m%Yia;

l%shdldrlï yd w;aoelSï wOHhkh lrñka tajdhska wdNdih ,nñka b†˙hg .uka ls¯u

wmf.a wruqKhs'

4'6 Y%S ,xldfõ iaffj¯;ajh iy iajdêm;Hh iq/lSu i|yd jk läkï uQf,damdhsl úfoaY

in|;d l%shdoduhla wdrïN lrkafkuq' ta ;=<ska Y%S ,xldjg tfrysj t,a, ù we;s Bkshd

hqO wmrdO ms<sn| fpdaokdj,ska rKúrejka iy cd;sfha lSr®;skduh iq/lSug wjYH

ishÆ lghq;= läkñka wdrïN lrkafkuq'


[ 33 ]

5' ksjdi yd bvï m%;sm;a;sh

zieug ksjila" ys;g iúhlaZ

5'1 miq.sh jir kjh ;=< „j;aùug WÑ; m%ñ;slrKhg ,lajQ ksjdi" kd.˙lj iy

.%dóhj f.dvk.d ksjdi iy b†ls¯ï lafIa;%fha úYd, m˙jr®;khla ls¯ug wms iu;a

jQfhuq' tjka iqúYd, m˙jr®;khlg miqj;a Y%S ,xldfõ ñ,shk 20 la jQ ck.yKhg

„j;a ùug oekg we;s ksjdi ñ,shk 5'2 lska c,h" ú≥,sh iy wfkl=;a ikSmdrlaIl

l%ufõo iys;j „j;aùug iq≥iq m˙irhl msysgd we;s ksjdi .Kk ñ,shk 3'2 la nj;a

wms jgydf.k isákafkuq'

5'2 iEu mqrjeishl=g u ysig fijKla ,nd°fï j.lSu rch i;= nj m%;sm;a;suh jYfhka

ms<sf.k ta i|yd wjYH ishÆ iydhka ,nd fokafkuq'

5'3 rchg wh;a uy,a ksjdi iy ksjdi fhdackd l%uhkays „j;ajkakka yg tu ksjdij,

iskaklalr whs;sh ,nd foñka ta i|yd jeh jk Tmamq .dia;= we;=<;a ishÆ u f.ùï

rch úiska ±¯ug mshjr .kafkuq'

5'4 Y%S ,xldfõ l=,S ksjeishka" kj újdyl mjq,a we;=Ω ksjil whs;sh wysñ iEu fokdgu

;u m<uq ksji b†ls¯u fyda ñ,° .ekSu i|yd iyk fmd,shg remsh,a ñ,shk 4 olajd

jQ ksjdi Khla ,nd fokafkuq'

5'5 oekg mj;sk wvq myiqlï iys; ksjdi y∫kdf.k tajd m%ñ;slrKhlg ,lals¯u iy

ikSmdrlaIl myiqlï jeä†hqKq ls¯u i|yd ksjeishka †˙.ekaùfï wruqKska iykodhS

Kh myiqlï ,nd°ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

5'6 iEu †ia;%slalhlu y∫kd.;a wvq wdodhï,dNSkaf.a ksjdi m%Yakh úi£u i|yd b,lal.;

m%ñ;slrKhg ,lajQ kj ksjdi jHdmD;Ska rcfha úhoñka iE°ug wms fmdfrdka≥

jkafkuq'

5'7 j;= ,hska ldurj, „j;ajkakd jQ ishÆ u mjq,a ;ukag u ysñ ksjil m†xÑh i|yd

fhduq ls¯u yd Tjqkag wjYH ikSmdrCIl myiqlï iemhSu i|yd wmf.a rch úiska

wdrïN l< jevms<sfj< b†˙hg;a f.k f.dia läkñka wjika lrkafkuq'

5'8 oekgu;a rchg whs;s ksjdij, jir 10 lg jvd l=,shg fyda n≥ l%uhg isákd wvq

wd∞hï,dNS mjq,aj,g tu ksjdi iskaklalrju ,nd°fï jevms<sfj<la y∫kajd fouq'


[ 34 ]

5'9 ;D;Shsl wOHdmkh idr®:lj ksud lr we;s" udisl wju ia:ßr wdodhula ,nk ;reK

;reKshkag ksjil ysñld˙;ajh ,nd°u i|yd Tjqka b†lrk m<uq ksji i|yd rdcH

nexl= yryd wvq fmd,S" iyk Khla ,nd°ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

5'10 wmf.a mej;s rcfhka rKúrejkag ,nd≥ka iyk b†˙hg;a wLKavj ,nd foñka ksjdi

wysñ iEu rKúrejl=gu ksjila ,nd°ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

5'11 <uqka mia fofkl=g jeäfhka isák rKúre mjq,a i|yd kj ksjila f.dvke.Sug fyda

ñ,° .ekSug yd <uqkaf.a wOHdmk lghq;= i|yd iqúfYaIS Wmldr l%uhla y∫kajd°ug

lghq;= lrkafkuq'

5'12 úfoaY /lshdj, kshqla;jQjka i|yd remsh,a ñ,shk 4 la olajd jQ úfYaI iyk fmd,S

ksjdi Kh l%uhla rdcH nexl= yryd y∫kajd fokafkuq'

5'13 †hqKqjk fi!LH fiajd iu. ck.yKh jhia.;ùfï m%jK;dj wm y∫kdf.k we;s

neúka orejkaf.a /ljrKh fkdue;s jeäysáhka i|yd iEu †ia;%slalhl u kshñ;

m%ñ;shlg wkqj jeäysá ksjdi b† lrkafkuq'

5'14 wjqre≥ 30 hqoaOfhka wj;ekajQjka i|yd wjYH lrk myiqlï ,nd ° ksis jdiia:dk

;=< Tjqka m†xÑ lrjkafkuq'

5'15 bvï m%;sixialrK fldñIka iNdj hgf;a we;s bvïj, „j;ajk ishÆ fokdg tajdfha

whs;sh iy;sl lr .ekSug we;s ishÆ ndOd bj;alr tu bvïj, iskaklalr whs;sh

ishÆ f.ùïj,ska ksoyia fldg mjrd fokafkuq'

5'16 ksis m˙† Ndú;hg fkd.kakd rcfha bvï M,∞hS f,i rfÜ ixjr®Okhg fhd∞

.ekSu msKsi" tjeks bvï y∫kd.ekSug;a" tu bvï l%uj;aj Ndú; ls¯ug;a bvï

nexl=jla msysgqjkafkuq' tu.ska /lshd úrys; ;reK ;re◊hkag;a l=vd yd uOH

m˙udK jHdmd˙lhka yg;a fuu bvï ,nd°ug úksúo fmfkk l%ufõohla ilia

fldg kS;s.; lrkafkuq'


[ 35 ]

6' wOHdmk m%;sm;a;sh

zksoyia wOHdmkh ;=<ska m%nqoaO iudchlaZ

6'1 wms fï rfÜ ishÆu orejkag úYajúoHd,h olajd ksoyia wOHdmkh ,eîug we;s whs;sh

;yjqre lrñka rfÜ ´kEu m%foaYhl „j;ajk orefjl=g iudk wjia:d ,efnk m˙†

wOHdmk lafIa;%fha ksïj<Æ mqΩ,a ls¯ug iu;a jQfhuq'

6'2 Y%S ,xldfõ ksoyia wOHdmkh o" wOHdmk ksoyi o iqrlaIs; fldg fmdaIKh ls¯ug

wms †úysñfhka lemjkafkuq' iEu orefjl=gu w'fmd'i' idudkH fm< olajd mdi,a

wOHdmkh wksjdr®hh lrkafkuq' Wiia wOHdmkh" jD;a;Sh wOHdmkh fukau l=i,;d

jr®Okh i|yd orejka Wkka≥ ls¯fï m%;sm;a;shla wkq.ukh lruq'

6'3 rfÜ wkd.;h ndr.kakg isák ;reK mrmqrg Tjqfkdjqka úiska u f;dard.kakd úúO

lafIa;%hkays jeä≥r wOHdmkh ,nd .ekSug;a" l=i,;d jr®Okh lr .ekSug;a" †˙°u

i|yd jhi wjqre≥ 18 isg 25 olajd Y%S ,dxlsl iEu ;reKfhl=g yd ;reKshlg u

remsh,a 50"000 l m%odkhla ,nd fokafkuq' ms<s.;a wOHdmk fyda jD;a;Sh mqyqKq ls¯ï

wdh;kj, f.ùï lghq;= i|yd tu uqo,a Ndú; ls¯ug l%ufõohla i,ikafkuq'

6'4 rfÜ ishÆ orejkaf.a ksoyia wOHdmk whs;Ska" myiqlï jr®Okh ls¯fï wruqKska

zksoyia wOHdmk mqkr®„j wruqo,Z ia:dms; lrk w;r rdcH whjeh f,aLkh yryd

wOHdmkh i|yd m%uqL;ajhla ,nd°u i|yd lemjkafkuq'

6'5 iEu lsf,daógr® 2 l jmi˙hla u wdjrKh jk m˙† tla z<ud-ñ;=reZ m%d:ñl wOHdmk

iy †jd iq/l=ï uOHia:dkhla wdrïN lrkafkuq'

6'6 fmr mdi,a i|yd wjYH WmlrK ñ,g .ekSug iEu wkqu; fmr mdi,lgu

remsh,a 50"000 l fmd,S rys; Khla ,nd fokafkuq'

6'7 fmr mdi,a .=rejrekag remsh,a 5000 l udisl °ukdjla ,ndfokafkuq'

6'8 mdi,aj,g <uqka we;=<;a ls¯u fm<Uùu i|yd m<uq jirg we;=<;a jk iEu orejl=gu

miafjks fY%A◊h olajd n,mj;ajk m˙† jirlg remsh,a 1"200 ne.ska cd;sl b;s˙ls¯fï

nexl=fõ ;ekam;=jla wdrïN lrkafkuq'

6'9 Y%S ,xldfõ iEu †ia;%slalhlg u ck wkqmd;hg i˙,k m˙† iy iqms˙ cd;sl uÜgfï

mdi,a follg jeä m%udKhla ,efnk m˙† y∫kd.;a mdi,a jeä†hqKq flfrk

w;r †ia;%sla uÜgfuka iy .ï uÜgfuka y∫kd .;a wjYH;djka wkqj kj mdi,a

f.dvk.kafkuq'


[ 36 ]

6'10 bx.%Sis iy m˙.Kl wOHdmkh" fyg f,dalh †.aúch lrkakg fjr ork wfma ¥

mq;=kag w;HjYH fuj,ï nj wm jgydf.k isákafkuq' tneúka †jhsfka ishÆ mdi,a

wdjrKh jk m˙† bx.%Sis iy m˙.Kl wOHdmkh m%d:ñl mka;sj, isg u ,nd°ug

wjYH udkj iy fN!;sl iïm;a m%jr®Okh ls¯ug b,lal.; jevms<sfj<la y∫kajd

fokafkuq' fuuÛska jir 2020 jk úg rfÜ ≥jd orejkaf.a bx.%Sis iy m˙.Kl

idlaIr;djh 90] olajd by< kexùug wms b,lal.; l%ufõohla yryd lghq;=

lrkafkuq'

6'11 wfmdi Wiia fm< úNd.hg fmkS isák iEu orefjl=gu yd úYajúoHd, YsIH

YsIHdjlgu ;uqkaf.a lshd m˙.Klhla ñ,° .ekSu i|yd fmd,S rys; iyk Kh

uqo,la rdcH nexl= yryd ,nd°ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

6'12 idudkH fm< úNd.fhka .◊;h wiu;a jk ,laIhl muK jQ isiq isiqúhkag jir

folla ;=< .◊;h iu;aùfï tlÛ;djh u; Wiia fm< mdGud,djka ye≤¯ug

wjia:dj W∞ lrkafkuq' tfiau wfmdi id'fm< .Ks;h wiu;a jk YsIH YsIHdjkaf.a

wOHdmkh wvd, ls¯u fjkqjg jD;a;Sh mqyqKq wOHdmk úIhhka i|yd mka;s" mdi,

;=<°u wdrïN lrkafkuq' mdi,a yerhk Wiia wOHdmkh fkd,nk iEu <ufhl=gu

jD;a;Sh mqyqKqjla rch uÛska fkdñf,a ,nd fokafkuq'

6'13 iEu m%dfoaYSh f,alï fldÜGdihlg u Wiia fm< úoHd" .◊;" jdKsc" l,d iy

f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh we;=Ω ishÆ úIhka b.ekafjk k.rfha mdi,aj,g iudk ishÆ

myiqlïj,ska hq;= uyskafodaoh mdi,a wdrïN lrkafkuq' miq.sh ikaOdk rch úiska

wdrïN lrk ,o uyskaf∞aoh ;dlaIK úoHd.dr oyi iy uyskaf∞aoh ;dlaIK mSG

251 ys jev wjika fldg fuu jir wjika ùug fmr ±fha orejkaf.a whs;shg mjrd

fokafkuq'

6'14 rfÜ oejeka; ixjr®Ok l%shdj,shlg Rcqj odhlùug iu;a" oekqfuka yd mqyqKqfjka

ims˙ ;reK ms˙ila ìysls¯u i|yd wjYH wOHdmk m%;sixialrK b†˙m;a lrkafkuq'

6'15 úfYaI wjYH;d we;s orejka i|yd iEu †ia;%slalhl u f;dard.;a mdi,a ;=< iïm;a

uOHia:dk we;s lrkafkuq'

6'16 .%dóh mdi,aj, bx.%Sis" .◊;h" úoHdj" f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh" fi!kaor®h wOHdmkh" lS%vd

úIh Odrdjka i|yd .=re wNHdi,dNSka 50"000 la n|jd .ekSug lghq;= lrkafkuq'


[ 37 ]

6'17 úYajúoHd,j,g we;=Ωjk iEu YsIHfhl=g u fmd;am;a iy wOHdmk WmlrK

,nd.ekSu i|yd remsh,a 10"000 l YsIHdOdr uqo,la úYajúoHd,hg we;=<;a jk úgu

,nd fokafkuq'

6'18 uyfmd< YsIH;aj °ukdj re' 6"000 la olajd jeä lrkafkuq'

6'19 ffjoH" bx‚fkare" l<ukdlrK jeks úúO wxYj,ska f;dard.;a foaYSh úYajúoHd,

7 la wdishdfõ m%uqL;u úYajúoHd, 30 w;rg f.k tkakg wjYH lrk úfYaI m%;smdok

yd iydh ,nd fokafkuq' ta uÛska jirla mdid cd;Hka;r úYajúoHd,j,g fldaá

.Kka uqo,a úhoï lrñka úfoaY.; jk oi oyia .Kka foaYSh ¥ mq;=ka fï rfÜ u

r|jd .ekSug Wkka≥ lrkafkuq'

6'20 úYajúoHd, ;=< ishÆ mdGud,d" /lshd fjf<|fmd<g we;=Ωùug o" úYaj oekqu jr®Okh

ls¯ug o bjy,a jk m˙† hdj;ald,Sk fldg mQr®K kùlrKhlg ,lalrk w;r iEu

jir 5 lg u jrla mdGud,d hdj;ald,Sk ls¯u wksjdr®h lrkafkuq'

6'21 rcfha úYajúoHd,j,g n|jd .kakd YsIH ixLHdj 30] lska jeä lrkafkuq'

6'22 úYajúoHd,fhka msgjk ishÆu WmdêOd¯ka rdcH wxYfha fyda fm!oa.,sl wxYfha

jirl /lshd mqyqKqjla i|yd wkqhqla; lrk w;r" tu ld,h ;=< rch uÛska

remsh,a 5"000 l udisl °ukdjla ,nd fokq we;'

6'23 Wiia fm< iu;a ù úYajúoHd,j,g we;=Ωùfï jrï wysñjk YsIH YsIHdjkag rcfha

;dlaIK yd jD;a;Sh wOHdmk úoHdh;kj,ska /lshd yd iajhx /lshd i|yd wjYH

jeä≥r wOHdmkh ,ndfokakg lghq;= lruq'

6'24 ishÆu ;dlaIK yd jD;a;Sh wOHdmk úoHdh;kj,ska wOHdmkh iïmQr®K lrkakka

i|yd /lshd wjia:d W∞lr °u i|yd /lshd nexl=jla ksmqK;d wud;HdxYh hgf;a

msysgqjkafkuq'

6'25 Wiia fm< iu;a ù úYajúoHd,j,g we;=Ωjk" we;=<;a fkdjk jhi wjqre≥ 30 g

wvq ;reK ;reKshkag jeä≥r wOHdmkh i|yd iq≥iq mdGud,djka yeoE¯ug remsh,a

,laI 2 olajd jQ fmd,S rys; úfYaI wOHdmk Kh l%uhla y∫kajd fokafkuq' fuu Kh

uqo, iq≥iq /lshdjla ,eîfuka wk;=rej jir 5 la ;=< kej; whlr .ekSug lghq;=

lrkafkuq'


[ 38 ]

6'26 újD; úYajúoHd,hg we;=<;a jk /lshd úrys; wjqre≥ 35g wvq isiq isiqúhka i|yd

iyk ñ,lg mdGud,d ye≤¯ug wjia:dj ,nd fok w;r" Tjqkaf.a wOHdmkhg w∞<

m%jdyk lghq;= i|yd udisl jdrm%fõY m;%hla fkdñf,a ,nd °ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

6'27 jir mylg jvd fiajh lr we;s ú≥y,am;sjreka we;=Ωj jir úiail fiajd ld,hla

iïmQr®K lr we;s ishÆu .=reNj;=ka i|yd ;Sre n≥ iyk hgf;a jdyk n,m;%hla ,nd

fokafkuq'

6'28 .=re ú≥y,am;s jegqma úIu;d läkñka bj;a lrkafkuq'

6'29 ldr®ñl úoHd, iy úYajúoHd,j, rd;%s mdGud,d wdrïN fldg /lshdj, kshq;= jQjka

iy jeäysáhka i|yd wjia:d ,nd°ug lghq;= flfr®'

6'30 Wiia wOHdmkhg fhduqùug leu;s ishÆ uÜgïj, fmd,sia ks,Od¯ka yg wjia:d

ie,iSu i|yd ±kg mj;sk fmd,sia welvñh" Wmdê m%∞kh l< yels wdh;khla f,i

jr®Okh ls¯ug wjYH iïm;a ,nd°u iy fmd,sia ks,Od¯ka yg mdGud,d ye≤¯ug

wjYH wOHhk ksjdvq iy †˙ °ukd ,nd°ug lghq;= iïmdokh lrkafkuq'

6'31 ;u t†fkod jevlghq;=" ffoksl /lshd" jHdmdr fyda lDIslr®uhg odhl;ajh imhñka

ksjfia isg u wOHdmkh yeoE¯ug wjia:dj ,nd°u i|yd wka;r®cd,h Tiafia ish

mdGud,d yeoE¯ug úYajúoHd, wOHdmkh ,nk isiqka Wfoid ≥ria: wOHdmk wjia:d

mqΩ,a flfr®'

6'32 úYajúoHd, wdpdr®hjreka i|yd úY%du jegqma l%uhla y∫kajd °ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

furg iy msgrg° Wiia wOHdmkh ,eîu i|yd ´kEu rcfha fiajlfhl=g iy

Tjqkaf.a orejkag remsh,a ñ,shkhl iyk fmd,S Kh l%uhla l%shd;aul lrkafkuq'

6'33 jD;a;Sh wOHdmk lafIa;%h ksis m%ñ;slrKhlg ,lafldg foaYSh wjYH;d imqrd,kakla

fukau úfoaYSh wdodhï ,nd.; yels mqΩ,a fiajd lr®udka;hla njg m;als¯ug wjYH

cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla ilia lrkafkuq' fï yryd kj /lshd 50"000 la W;amdokh

lrkafkuq'

6'34 úYaj úoHd, l:ßldpdr®hjreka i|yd mr®fhaIK ls¯u i|yd ishÆ myiqlï iys;

mr®fhaIK wdh;khla (Research Institute) msysgqjkafkuq'

6'35 M,∞hS mr®fhaIK m%dfhda.slj ls%hd;aul ls¯u i|yd tAjdg w∞< jk rdcH iy fm!oa.,sl

wdh;k j,g fhduqlrk w;r tu mr®fhaIK i|yd f.ùulao is≥ lrkq ,efí'

6'36 jeú,s lr®udka; lafIa;%hg w∞< Wiia wOHdmk wdh;khla kqjrt<sfha msysgqjkafkuq'


[ 39 ]

7' fi!LH m%;sm;a;sh

zksoyia fi!LH ;=<ska kSfrda.Su;a iudchlaZ

7'1 2005 jifr®° mej;s Y%S ,xldj iuÛ iei£fï° 2015 jir jkúg fi!LH lafIa;%fha

ishÆ wxYj, lemSfmfkk jr®Okhla w;am;a lr.ekSug wms iu;aùuq'

7'2 2005 jifr®° wjqre≥ 73 la jQ Y%S ,xldfõ wdhq wfmalaIKh 2020 jkúg wjqre≥ 80 la

olajd jeä l< yels" <ore yd ud;D urK Wj≥rej,ska ;=rka jQ wdishdfõ w.%.KH

ksoyia fi!LH fiajd moaO;shla we;s ls¯ug wms n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjuq'

7'3 Y%S ,xldfõ iEu †ia;%slalhg u ishÆ myiqlïj,ska ims˙ wx. iïmQr®K frday,la

,ndfok w;r iEu m<d;lg u cd;Hka;r uÜgfï iqms˙ frday,la wms ,nd fokafkuq'

7'4 Y%S ,xldj mqrd úis¯ ;sfnk ishÆ m%dfoaYSh yd .%dóh frday,a rch ms<s.;a m%ñ;slrKhlg

hg;aj m%;sixialrKh lrkafkuq'

7'5 rcfha frday,aj,g wu;rj fm!oa.,sl frday,a o rg mqrd jHdma; ls¯u i|yd cd;sl

ie,eiaulg wkqj wjYH wkq.%yh ,ndfokafkuq'

7'6 jl=.vq frda.Skaf.a úfYaI wjYH;djla jk reêrh ms˙is≥ ls¯fï hka;% myiqlï iEu

frday,lgu ,nd fokakg lghq;= lrk w;r" widOH jl=.vq frda.shl= isák mjq,a

i|yd remsh,a 7"500 l udisl ffjoHdOdrhla ,nd fokafkuq'

7'7 wvq wdodhï,dNSka" jeäysáhka iy ffoksl jegqmg fiajh lrkakka b,lal fldg.;a

´kEu frday,la úiska ms<s.kq ,nk cd;sl uÜgfï rdcH wkq.%yh ,nk fi!LH yd

„ú; rlaIK l%ufõohla ia:dms; lrkafkuq'

7'8 rcfha yd fm!oa.,sl frday,aj, we;s ffjoH yd fyo mqrmamdvq .egÆ jir 5 la ;=<

uqΩukska u úi£u i|yd cd;sl jevms<sfj<la l%shd;aul lrkafkuq'

7'9 ud;D iy <ore fi!LH i;aldrl fiajdjka ;j≥rg;a †hqKq ls¯u fukau jeäysá

i;aldrl fiajd fjkqfjka mjq,a fi!LH fiaúldjka 25"000 la n|jd .efka'

7'10 oekg mk;lg muKla iSud ù iïmQr®Kfhka u wlr®uKH j we;s cd;sl T!IO

m%;sm;a;sh wjYH m%;sixialrK iuÛ l%shd;aul fldg ck;djg oe¯ug is≥ù we;s wêl

T!IO úhou ieneúka u wvq lrkakg lghq;= lrkafkuq'


[ 40 ]

7'11 2010 g fmr mej;s l=˙re hqoaOh iy foaYmd,ksl m%pKav Ndjfhka msreKq oYl

.Kkdjla fya;=fjka uyckhd uqyqK ° we;s udkisl mSvkld¯ ;;a;ajh iukh ls¯u

i|yd udkisl fi!LH flfrys m%uqL wjOdkh fhduqfldg" ck;djf.a udkisl fi!LH

iq/lSu b,lal lr.;a jevms<sfj<la wms l%shd;aul lrkafkuq'

7'12 úfYaI wjYH;d we;s wdndê; mqrjeishkaf.a myiqj i|yd †ia;%sla uÜgfuka Tjqkag

wjYH ishÆ myiqlïj,ska iïmQr®K m%ñ;slrKhlg ,lajQ wdndê; iyk uOHia:dkhla

msysgqjkakg lghq;= lrkafkuq'

7'13 Y%S ,xldfõ foaYSh ffjoH l%uj, wkkH;djh /l .ksñka cd;Hka;r ms<s.ekSulg

,lajk m˙† tu lafIa;%h †hqKq ls¯ug wjYH wkq.%yh iy m%;smdok ,ndfokafkuq'

7'14 fcHIAG mqrjeishka rcfha wkqu; ffjoHjrfhl=f.a ksr®foaY u; ,nd.kakd T!IO

i|yd úfYaI jÜgula ,nd°ug l%ufõohla y∫kajd fokafkuq'

7'15 wjqre≥ 65 g jeä fcHIaG mqrjeishkag T!IO ,nd .ekSug uilg remsh,a 3"000 la

iy nrm;, Y,Hlr®uhla i|yd Wm˙uh remsh,a 500"000 la ,nd .; yels ffjoH

rlaIKhla rdcH wkq.%yfhka y∫kajd fokafkuq'


[ 41 ]

8' md˙i˙l yd jk„ú m%;sm;a;sh

z.yfld< o" i;=ka o" fï yeu;a iqrlsuqZ

8'1 2005 jifr® isg is≥jQ oejeka; ixjr®Ok l%shdj,sfha° m˙ir ys;jd° m%;sm;a;s

m%uqL;djfhys,d i,lñka wms m˙irh ukdj iqrlskafkuq'

8'2 jdhq" c," mdxY=" Yío iy oDIaá hk zmxpúO m˙ir ¥IKh j<lajk cd;sl m%;sm;a;shlaZ

y∫kajd fokafkuq'

8'3 wkd.; ixjr®Ok l%shdj,sfha ie,iqï ieliSfï° i;d iSmdjdg;a m˙irhg;a whs;s

wjldYhkag ukdj .re lrñka ieuúg u lghq;= ls¯ug fmdfrdka≥ fjuq'

8'4 Y%S ,xldj y˙; foaYhla f,i mj;ajd .ekSfï wruqKska rfÜ mj;sk ishÆ jkdka;r

ñkqï fldg" udhsï i,l=Kq fldg úkdYùfï ;r®ckhg uqyqK md isák iajdNdúl

jkdka;r kej; m%;sIaGdmkh lrk w;r" rcfha yd fm!oa.,sl wxYfha bvï iq≥iq m˙†

Wmfhda.S lrf.k kj jk j.d jevms<sfj<la †h;a lrkakg lghq;= lrkafkuq'

8'5 m˙ir wdrlaIKfha jákdlu wkd.; ore mrmqrg jgyd°u b,lal fldgf.k m˙ir

wOHdmk úIh idudkH fm< úIh ksr®foaYhg y∫kajd °ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

8'6 wNhN+ñ iy uyd m˙udK jk úkdYhkag fukau jki;aj ixydrhkag j.lsj hq;=

pQ†;hka kS;sh yuqjg muqKqjd oeä o~qjï ,nd°ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

8'7 f,dalfha w;sru”h fjr< ;Srhkaj, Wreuh ,eîug Nd.H ,nd we;s wms" tajd u;= mrmqrg

odhdo ls¯u i|yd wjYH Yla;su;a fjr<drlaIl kS;s moaO;sh Yla;su;a lrkafkuq'

8'8 ck.yK jr®Okh iy kd.¯lrKh iuÛ ck;djg úYd, fi!LH ;r®ckhla

njg m;afjñka we;s li<" iïm;la f,i m˙yrKh l< yelsjk m˙† cd;Hka;r

m%ñ;slrKhlg hg;aj l<ukdlrKh ls¯ug;a tu li< n,Yla;s ksIamdokh iy

fmdfydr ksIamdokh ls¯u i|yd fhdod .ekSug;a lghq;= lrkafkuq'

8'9 m%ñ;shlska f;dr m<sfndaO kdYl iy ridhksl fmdfydr wdkhkh iy úls”u

kj;ajk kS;s iïu; lrk w;r" tu kS;s lvlrk mqoa.,hkag tfrysj oeäj kS;sh

l%shd;aul lrkafkuq'

8'10 wm rfÜ mj;sk jr®. lsf,daógr 65"610 l N+ñNd.h b†˙ jir 500 i|yd ie,iqï ls¯ug

wms lghq;= lrkafkuq' tuÛska rfÜ n,Yla;s" c," uxudj;a" f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok

cd,hka we;=Ω ishÆ moaO;Ska b†˙ wkd.;h i|yd ie,iqï lr" th ishÆ rchka úiska

.re l< hq;= rdcH m%;sm;a;shla njg m;alrkafkuq'

8'11 rcfha fyda fm!oa.,sl wjYH;djlg lmd fy,kq ,nk iEu .ilg u kj .ia 2 la

iq≥iq ia:dkhl isgqùu wksjdr®h lrkafkuq'


[ 42 ]

9' ixialD;sl" l,d iy ikaksfõok lghq;= m%jr®Ok m%;sm;a;sh

zl,dfjka" ixialD;sfhka iy udOH ksoyfika TmakeÛ=Kq ixfõ° iudchlaZ

9'1 ;sia jirl l=˙re hqoaOfhka ;r®ckhg iy m˙ydkshg ,lajQ il,úO cd;Ska iy

wd.ïj,g wdfõKsl ixialD;sl iy l,d Wreuhka kej; f.dvkexùug lemS fmfkk

jevfldgila bgqls¯ug wms iu;aùuq'

9'2 l,d ksr®udK ìysls¯u †˙.ekaùug rdcH iy fm!oa.,sl wxYfha odhl;ajfhka fmd,S

rys; fyda wvq fmd,S Kh uqo,la ,nd°ug fmdfrdka≥ jk w;r" l,d ksr®udKj, nqoaêuh

foam< whs;sh iq/lSu i|yd jk kj kS;s fr.=,dis y∫kajd °ug;a tu whs;Ska iq/lSug

rdcH wkq.%yh hgf;a kS;s iyk fiajhla l%shd;aul ls¯ug;a lghq;= lrkafkuq'

9'3 ixialD;sh iy l,djg <e† u;= mrmqrla ìysls¯u i|yd mdif,a isgu wfma ≥jd

orejkaf.a idys;H iy l,d yelshdjka m%jr®Okh ls¯u i|yd b,lal.; jevms<sfj<la

l%shd;aul lrkakg lghq;= lrkafkuq'

9'4 kdgH" iskudlrKh" ix.S;h iy ckikaksfõokh hk úIhhka jeä≥r yeoE¯u i|yd

úYajúoHd, úoHdh;k wrUkafkuq'

9'5 idïm%odhsl l,djka" igka l%u iy wNdjhg hk l,d uQ,dY%hka wdrlaId ls¯ug iy

m%jr®Okh ls¯ug hqfkiaflda jeks wka;r®cd;sl wdh;k iuÛ tlaù lghq;= lrkafkuq'

tfiau fuu idïm%odhsl l,djka iy igka l%u kjf,djg Wreu ls¯fï wNs,dIfhka

iy tajdg fjf<ofmd<la ilia ls¯fï wruqKska ixpdrl jHdmdrh iuÛ fïjd noaO

ls¯ug wjYH lghq;= i,ikafkuq'

9'6 kj l,d ksr®udK ìysls¯ug;a" m%jr®Okh ls¯ug;a wjYH ishÆ myiqlï iys; l,d

ixlSr®K iEu †ia;%slalhla u b,lal lrñka msysgqùug wms lghq;= lrkafkuq'

9'7 udOH ksoyi" iudchl b†˙ m%.ukhg w;HjYH idOlhla fldg wms i,lkafkuq'

jr®;udk Y%S ,xldfõ fndfyda iajdëk mdr®Yajhka b,a,d isák wdldrhg ishÆ udOH

i|yd wdpdr Or®u moaO;shla y∫kajd °u i|yd wjYH rdcH wkq.%yh ,nd°ug wem

lemjkafkuq' rdcH udOHhka o tu wdpdr Or®u moaO;sh wkqj fufyh jkafkuq'

9'8 udOHfõ°kaf.a jD;a;ShuhNdjh ;yjqre lrñka Tjqka ms<s.;a jD;a;slhka ms˙ila

njg m;als¯u i|yd wjYH wOHdmksl yd ffk;sl miqìu ksr®udKh ls¯ug lghq;=

lrkafkuq'


[ 43 ]

9'9 m%dfoaYSh udOHfõ°ka uqyqK fok m%dfhda.sl jD;a;Sh .egÆ ksrdlrKh lr .ekSu

i|yd ue†y;ajk w;r" Tjqkag wjYH jD;a;Sh fuj,ï ,nd.ekSu i|yd fmd,S rys;

Kh rdcH nexl= yryd ,nd fokafkuq'

9'10 l,dlrejka fjkqfjka wm úiska l%shd;aul l< jr®;udk rch úiska k;r lr oud

we;s fmd,S rys; jdyk Kh remsh,a 1"500"000$- olajd jeä lr ;Sre n≥ iyk hgf;a

kej; l%shd;aul lrkafkuq'

9'11 l,dlrejka iy udOHfõ°ka i|yd rdcH wkq.%yh u; msysgqjkq ,enQ úY%du jegqma

l%uhla iy ffjoH rlaIKdjrKhla ,nd°ug wms lghq;= lrkafkuq'

9'12 cd;Hka;r uÜgfï iskud iïudk Wf<,la jdr®Islj rdcH wkq.%yfhka meje;aùug

lghq;= lrkafkuq'


[ 44 ]

10' l%Svd iy ;reK lghq;= m%;sm;a;sh

zl%shdYS,S" kSfrda.S iy fm!reI;ajfhka hq;= ;reK mrmqrlaZ

10'1 †kQ foaYh iq/lSfï j.lSu;a" wms Wodlrk ;sridr ixjr®Okfha mQr®K m%;s,dN ,eîfï

whs;sh;a we;af;a ;reK mrmqrg nj wms ;†ka u úYajdi lrkafkuq'

10'2 °r®>dhqI we;s l%shdYS,S ;reK mrmqrla ìysls¯u i|yd wemlem fjñka l%Svdjg

wka;r®cd;sl ch.%yK /ila tlalr ,ndfoñka tod l< úYd, fufyh wkd.;fha

Bg;a jvd fyd¢ka bgqlrk njg wms iy;sl fjuq'

10'3 ;reK" ;reKshkag kj /lshd wjia:d ,nd°u iy Tjqkaj M,odhS f,i Y%u n,ldhg

odhllr .ekSfï wruqKska wjqre≥ 20-25 w;r jhia iSudfõ ;reK" ;reKshka i|yd

rfÜ uqΩ /lshd wjia:dj,ska wju jYfhka 10]la j;a mj;ajd .ekSu m%uqL lghq;a;la

nj wms úYajdi lruq' fuu /lshd wjia:d m%udKh ,nd°ug fm!oa.,sl wxYh †˙.kajk

w;r ta i|yd rdcH wxYfhka wdor®Yhla imhkakg lghq;= lrkafkuq'

10'4 kj rch n,hg m;a ù udi yhla ;=< rdcH wxYfha /lshd 60"000 la ;reK mrmqr

fjkqfjka ,nd fokafkuq'

10'5 ;reK jHjidhlhska" wdfhdaclhka iy kj ksmehqïlrejka i|yd rdcH wkq.%yfhka

°mjHdma; mqyqKq jevigyka wrUkafkuq' rfÜ ixjr®Okh i|yd ;reK ;reKshkaf.a

ienE odhl;ajhla ,nd.ekSfï wruqKska Tjqkaf.a kjH woyia Wlyd .ekSfï

l%ufõohla mdi,a" Wiia wOHdmk wdh;k iy jevìï yryd ilia lrkafkuq'

10'6 iEu orefjl= u l%Svdjg wdlr®IKh ls¯u i|yd Y%S ,xldfõ iEu mdi,lg u m%ñ;shlska

hq;a l%Svdx.Khla ,nd°ug lghq;= lruq' tfiau iEu †ia;%slalhlg u wx. iïmQr®K l%Svd

msáhla" .Dyia: l%Svdx.Khla yd msyskqï ;gdlhla ,nd°ug wms lghq;= lrkafkuq'

10'7 iEu l%Svdjla i|yd u l%Svd úfYaI{hska ìysls¯fï wruqK fmroe˙j l%Svd úIhhka Wmdê

uÜgu olajd wOHhkh lrkakg myiqlï imhuq' f;dard.;a l%Svdj,ska cd;Hka;r

uÜgfï l%Svlhka ìysls¯ug wjYH m%;smdok ,nd° cd;Hka;r uÜgfï l%Svd mqyqKq

mdi,a wdrïN fldg rdcH wkq.%yh hgf;a mj;ajdf.k hdug;a lghq;= lrkafkuq'

10'8 cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla ;=< y∫kd.;a l%Svd /ila jD;a;Sh uÜgug †hqKq fldg l%Svdjg

úfYaI l=i,;d olajk ;reK ;reKshkag l%Svdj /lshdjla njg m;alr .ekSfï

wjia:dj Wodlr fokafkuq'


[ 45 ]

10'9 jHdhdu iy l%Svd lghq;=j, kshq;= kSfrda.S iïmkak ;reK ms˙ila ìysls¯ug wjYH

m%uqL;djhla fldg i,ld iEu m%dfoaYSh fldÜGdihlgu Yd¯˙l iqj;d uOHia:dkhla

,nd fokafkuq'

10'10 kj f,dj úiauhka oelSug wjia:dj ,ndfoñka †ia;%sla uÜgfuka f;dard.kakd ,o

úúO olaI;dj,ska hq;= ;reK ;reKshka 500 lg jirlg f,dj †hqKq rgl fm!reI

jr®Ok pd˙ldjla ne.ska ,nd°ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

10'11 u;al=vq" u;aøjH Wj≥r iyuq,ska u ;=rka ls¯ug cd;Hka;rh iuÛ taldnoaOj mqΩ,a

wdrlaIs; jevms<sfj<la l%shd;aul lrk w;r" u;al=vq" u;aøjH fjf<odug iDcqj fyda

jl%j iïnkaOlï we;s pQ†;hskag mj;sk kS;s rduqj ;=< Wm˙u o~qjï ,nd°ug lghq;=

lrkafkuq'

10'12 wvq wd∞hï,dNS mjq,aj, wÆ;ska újdy jk ;reK ;re◊hka i|yd remsh,a 200"000 l

fmd,S rys; hq.†ú ;s<sK iyk Kh l%uh jydu l%shd;aul lrkafkuq'

10'13 iEu ;reKfhl=g yd ;re◊hlg u ;u m%:u jdykh ñ, ° .ekSfï° rdcH nexl=

yryd iyk fmd,shlg Khla ,nd .; yels l%ufõohla ilia lrkafkuq'

10'14 iEu ksjilg u fn%daânEkaâ (Broadband) myiqlï ,nd ° ;reK ;re◊hkag

Tka,hska fjf<|fmd< (Online Market) y∫kajd°u' óg iu.dój /lshd úrys; ;reK

;re◊hkag ;dlaIK mqyqKqj ,ndfok w;r tuÛska remsh,a 30"000 isg 100"000 olajd

udisl wd∞hula ,nd .; yels jk mQr®Kld,Sk yd wr®Old,Sk /lshd we;s lrkafkuq'

jir 3 la ;=< ñ,shkhlg /lshd wjia:d fï uÛska we;slrkq ,efí'


[ 46 ]

11' ldka;d yd <ud m%;sm;a;sh

z†˙,shhs" ore le,hs - oefha „jkd,shhsZ

11'1 jr®I 2005 isg ldka;d iy <ud whs;sjdislï iq/lSug;a ldka;djkaf.a w;ñg

irels¯ug;a" jHmdr wjia:d mqΩ,a ls¯ug;a wod<j jeo.;a mshjr /ila .ekSug wms

iu;aùuq'

11'2 Y%S ,xldfõ wdr®:ßl iy ixialD;sl l%shdj,sh ;=< ldka;djf.a f.!rjh wdrlaId lrñka

Tjqkag iu;eka ,efnk m˙† wms lghq;= lrkafkuq'

11'3 hqO ìh ≥rel<d fiau ojfia meh 24 mqrd ldka;djkag ìfhka iy ielfhka f;drj rfÜ

´kEu ;ekl .uka l< yels wdrlaIs; m˙irhla we;s ls¯ug wms lghq;= lrkafkuq'

11'4 iEu orefjl=g u w'fmd'i' idudkH fm< olajd wOHdmk myiqlï ,nd°u wksjdr®h

flfrk w;r" wOHdmkh ,eîug uQ,H myiqlï fkdue;s orejka i|yd rcfha úfYaI

YsIH;aj l%uhla y∫kajd °ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

11'5 uj" mshd fyda fofokd u frda.d;=r ù fyda wysñj isák mjq,a iy úfYaI wjYH;d we;s

orejka isák mjq,a i|yd orejkaf.a wOHdmk yd iqnidOk lghq;= fjkqfjka Wm˙uh

remsh,a 5"000 la jQ úfYaI wdOdr uqo,la udislj m%∞kh lrkafkuq'

11'6 ieu †ia;%slalhla u ksfhdackh jk m˙† iajhx /lshd wdrïN lrkakg fjr ork

ldka;djka 50"000 lg jHdmdr oekqu" mqyqKqj iy remsh,a 50"000 olajd fmd,S rys;j o

remsh,a 50"000 isg ,laI 2 olajd iyk fmd,shlg o Kh ,nd°ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

11'7 iEu m%dfoaYSh f,alï fldÜGdihlg u m%ñ;slrKhg ,lajQ †jd iq/l=ï uOHia:dkhla

,nd fokafkuq'

11'8 .eìKs ud;djka iy ì<s∫ka i|yd oekg msysgqjd we;s ud;D iy <ud idhk cd;sl

m%ñ;slrKhlg ,lafldg wx. iïmQr®K iy kùk tajd njg m;alrk w;r" fkdlvjd

idhkj,g meñfKk .eìKs uõjrekaf.a ore m%iQ;sfhka miq orejd yodjvd .ekSug

wjYH uQ,sl øjH ^WKqj;=r fnda;,a" kems" ;=jd" inka wd†h& uq,a udi 6 ;=< fkdñf,a

,nd fokafkuq'


[ 47 ]

11'9 <ud fmdaIKh jeä†hqKq ls¯u i|yd uõls˙ ,nd°u †˙ .ekaùug;a" .r®N” ldka;djkag

yd uõjrekag ls˙" ì;a;r" t<jΩ" m,;=re yd ;%sfmdaI ,nd°fï úfYaI jevms<sfj<la

mjq,a fi!LH fiajh uÛska l%shd;aul ls¯u yd wvq wd∞hï,dNS .eì◊ uõjrekag

remsh,a 1"500 l udisl °ukdjla ,nd fokafkuq'

11'10 ;%súO yuq∞ iy fmd,sia fiajdj,g wh;a mjq,aj, ;=kajk orejd fjkqfjka ms˙kukq

,nk remsh,a ,laIfha °ukdj ,laI fol olajd jeä flfr®'

11'11 úfoaY.; ldka;d Y%ñlhka i|yd Wm˙u jegqmla" Wm˙u myiqlï iy wdrlaIdj iy;sl

ls¯fï jevms<sfj<la ;dkdm;s ldr®hd, yryd l%shd;aul ls¯ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

11'12 .Dyia: ysxikhg ,lajQ iy foudmshka ñh.sh fyda †lalido jQ orejkag rdcH wkq.%yh

iys; cd;sl m%ñ;slrKhg ,lajQ fkajdisld.dr myiqlï ,nd°ug lghq;= lrkafkuq'

11'13 ia;%S ¥IK iy <ud wmfhdack kvq lghq;= läkï ls¯u i|yd m%uqL;ajhla ,ndfok

w;r fpdaokdj,g jer†lrejka jk pQ†;hkag blaukska ovqjï l%shd;aul ls¯ug wjYH

kS;s m%;smdok ilia lrkafkuq'

11'14 ;sia jirl hqoaOh ksid „ú; wysñ jQ rKúrejkaf.a jekaoUqjkag ;u „jfkdamdh

i,id .ekSu i|yd /lshd fyda .Dyia: jHdmdr wdrïN ls¯fï wjia:d ie,iSug lghq;=

lrkafkuq'

11'15 fn≥ïjd° ;%ia;jdoh iy 87" 88" 89 NSIK iuh ksid mshd wysñ jQ orejkaf.a /ljrKh

i|yd;a urKh iy i∞ld,sl wdndê; ;;a;ajhka fya;=fjka m%Odk „jfkdamdh wysñjQ

mjq,a i|yd;a udislj remsh,a 5"000 l °ukdjla m%∞kh flfr®'


[ 48 ]

12' wdfhdack yd há;, myiqlï m%jr®Ok m%;sm;a;sh

zfoaYhls f.dvkef.k" fyg †kfh f,dj †kkZ

12'1 Y%S ,xld b;sydifha fmr fkdjQ úrE ;rï rfÜ iEu m%foaYhla u wdjrKh jk m˙oafoka

w;s oejeka; há;, myiqlï ixjr®Okhla miq.sh jir lSmfha is≥jQ nj wms mjikafka

uy;a wNsudkfhks'

12'2 hqoaOh wjika ls¯fuka b;du flá ld,hla ;=< fld<U k.rh ol=Kq wdishdfõ

w,xldr u iy ms˙is≥ u jd◊c k.rhla njg;a" Y%S chjr®Okmqr fldaÜfÜ oel=ïlΩ

yd l%udkql+, m˙md,k k.rhla njg;a m;al<dla fuka Y%S ,xldfõ †ia;%slal 22 u

wdjrKh jk m˙† l=vd k.r 500 la w,xldr" wx. iïmQr®K k.r njg ixjr®Okh

lrkafkuq'

12'3 há;, myiqlï ixjr®Okfha uE;ld,Sk w;aoelSï fhdod.ksñka Y%S ,xldj 2020 jk

úg ol=Kq wdishdfõ iqms˙;u iy kùk;u há;, myiqlï ysñ rg njg m;alrk njg

wms iy;sl fjuq'

12'4 mj;sk rch úiska b;d u w¥ror®YS f,i ì| oud we;s úfoaY wdfhdaclhskaf.a

úYajdikShNdjh kej;;a f.dvke.sh yels cd;Hka;r iïu;hkag wkql+, wdfhdack

m%;sm;a;shla y∫kajd°ug wms lghq;= lrkafkuq'

12'5 b†˙ jir my ;=< fld<U isg uykqjr yryd W;=fr® hdmd mgqk olajd †fjk zW;=re

wêfõ.S udr®.hZ W;=r - ol=K hdlrñka f.dvk.kafkuq'

12'6 hdmkfha k,a¨r® lkaoidñ foajd,h" ;%sl=Kdu,fha fldafkaYajrka foajd,h" y,dj;

uqkafkaYajrï foajd,h iy foúkqjr Wmq,ajka foajd,h hk isõfldka foajd, jkaokdjg

myiqfjka hdyels m˙† l;r.u ≥ï˙h udr®.h ;%sl=Kdu,h olajd †.= lrkafkuq'

12'7 Tfí ksjfia isg meh 6 lg wvq ld,hl° Y%S ,xldfõ ´kE u ;eklg hd yels jk m˙†

ishÆ m%Odk k.r hd lrk †hqKq uydudr®. moaO;shla ilia lrkafkuq'

12'8 u;a;, .=jkaf;dgqm< yryd kef.kysrg iïnkaO jk wëfõ.S udr®.h Tiafia ixpdrl

wdlr®IKh †kd we;s kef.kysr yd ol=Kq ixpdrl l,dmj,g myiqfjka <Ûdúh yels

m˙† u;a;, cd;Hka;r .=jkaf;dgqm< iy yïnkaf;dg jrdh wdY%s; j cd;Hka;r

uÜgfï úfkda∞iajdo WoHdkhla ^äiaks,ka;h jeks& ie,iqï lrkafkuq'


[ 49 ]

12'9 ixpdrl jHdmdrh m%jr®Okh ls¯u i|yd wNHka;r .ukd.uk myiqlï ixjr®Okh

ls¯u wruqKq lr .ksñka l=vd .=jka hdkd ^Sea Plane& c,h u; f.dvneiaùfï ceá

,xldj mqrd f;dard.;a c,dY yd l,mq wdY%s;j b† lrkafkuq'

12'10 2020 jk úg Y%S ,xldfõ iEu k.rhla u tys wkkH;djh iq/flk wdldrhg

ixjr®Okh fldg iuia; Y%S ,xldj u m˙ir ys;ldó" ms˙is≥" oel=ïlΩ" wx. iïmQr®K

k.rj,g m%isoaO rgla njg m;alrkafkuq'

12'11 Y%S ,xldfõ we;s iEu l=vd k.rhlg u ixjr®Ok ie,eiaula b†˙ jir 5 ;=< l%shd;aul

fldg tajd wx. iïmQr®K k.r njg m;als¯ug iu.dój †jhsfka iEu kd.˙l

m%foaYhlu m˙md,k f.dvke.s,s" fydag,a" ksjdi jHdmD;s" kd.˙l WoHdk" úfkdao

lghq;=" k.r w,xlrK jHdmD;s fyda ñY% ixjr®Ok lghq;=j,ska hq;a m˙ir ys;ldó

iy „j;aùug iq≥iq ienEu k.r njg m;alruq'

12'12 Y%S ,xldfõ iEu .ula u wdjrKh jk m˙† ishÆ m†xÑlrejkag myiqfjka <Ûdúh

yels ≥rlska m˙md,k" fi!LH iy wdr®:ßl fiajd uOHia:dk we;s ls¯ug wms lghq;=

lrkafkuq' iEu .ula iy k.rhla u wdjrKh jk m˙† ú≥,sh" c,h" uxudj;a iy

c, niakd c,dmjyk l%u iys; wx. iïmQr®K uQ,sl wjYH;d moaO;Ska ieliSug wms

mshjr .kafkuq'

12'13 ,xldfõ iEu ksjilg u jir 2 la ;=< k, c,h ,nd° úfYaIfhka u ±kg ms˙is≥

mdkSh c,h fkdue;s mjq,a úis ,laIhlg iyk i,ikafkuq' jl=.vq frda.h nyq,

W;=reueo m<d; jeks m%foaYj, ck;djg läkñka ms˙is≥ mdkSh c,h ,nd°u fuys°

m%uqL;djh .kq we;'

12'14 foaYmd,k jdis Wfoid l,ska l,g fjkia lrkq ,nk kd.˙l m%foaYj, m†l

fõ†ldfõ fjf<|dï ls¯ug wjir fkd°ug;a ta i|yd oekg b†lr we;s ia:dkhka

jvd;a myiqlï iys;j mqΩ,a ls¯ug;a lghq;= lrkafkuq'

12'15 wêfõ.S udr®.j,g iïnkaOjk m˙† ksoyia fjf<| l,dm 12 la ia:dms; lrkafkuq'

12'16 fuu w;s oejeka; há;, myiqlï ixjr®Okh iy úfoaYSh wdfhdack ;=<ska f.dvkef.k

wdr®:ßlfha m%;s,dN ìï uÜgfï uyck;dj fj;;a l=vd yd uOH m˙udK jHdmd˙lhd

fj;;a .,d hk m˙† mqΩ,a wdr®:ßl moaO;shla f.dvke.Sug wms lghq;= lrkafkuq'


[ 50 ]

12'17 ±kg kd.˙lj mj;sk wêl jdyk ;onoh wju ls¯u rcfha m%uqL j.lSï f,i i,ld

tA i|yd wjYH uQf,damdhsl l%ufõohka y∫kajd °ug;a udr®. ixjr®Ok lghq;= läkï

ls¯ug;a wjYH mshjrhka .kq ,efí'

12'18 jr®;udkfha ldr®hd,hSh iy wfkl=;a fm!oa.,sl m%jdyk lghq;=j, ksr; jkakd

jQ u.Skag b;d u myiqfjka" wvq ld,hlska iy udkisl wd;;shlska f;drj .uka

ìuka hdug wjia:dj Wodlr °u m%uqL;d ldr®hhla f,i wms i,lkafkuq' tu wruqK

we;sj wmf.a rch úiska úêu;aj ie,iqï l< wêfõ.S ;ks fma<s .%dóh udr®. iy

iqfLdamfNda.S nia fiajd we;=Ω w;s kùk" ´kEu †hqKq rglg iu l< yels uÜgfï

b;d †hqKq m%jdyk moaO;shla b;du blaukska f.dvk.kafkuq'

12'19 miq.sh jir 10 ;=< uydudr®." ≥ï˙h udr®. ixjr®Okh lrñka kùk myiqlï we;s

niakej;=ïfmd< iy ≥ï˙hfmd< úYd, m%udKhla b†lrñka l< jevms<sfj< ;j≥rg;a

b†˙hg f.k hkafkuq' wdndê;hka" .eì◊ uõjreka iy <orejka iuÛ .uka lrk

uõjreka i|yd jQ úfõld.dr iEu m%Odk niakej;=ïfmd<lu iy ≥ï˙h ia:dkhlu

we;s lrkafkuq'

12'20 ±kg we;s ueksx t<jΩ f;d. fjf<|fmd< mj;akd N+ñh Ndú;d lrñka" msgfldgqj

uOHu iy fm!oa.,sl niakej;=ïfmd<" fldgqj ≥ï˙h ia:dkh yd taldnoaO lr" fjf<|

l=á" nexl= YdLd" úfõld.dr" wdmkYd,d jeks myiqlïj,ska iukaú; cd;Hka;r

uÜgfï u.S mr®hka;hla njg m;alrkafkuq'


[ 51 ]

foaYmd,k m%;sixialrK

1' f.!rjkSh foaYmd,khla

1978 ° tlai;a cd;sl mlaIh úiska rgg y∫kajd ≥ka kj ue;sjrK l%uh yd or|~q

úOdhl ckdêm;s l%uh ksid foaYmd,k lafI;%fha oreKq lvd jeàula is≥jQ nj rgu

ms<s.;a ldrKhls' fuu ;;a;ajh fjkia ls¯u furáka ;%ia;jdoh ;=rka ls¯fuka

wk;=rej wm úiska .;hq;= mshjrla jQ läkï ixjr®Ok b,lal idlaId;a lr.ekSug

±rE W;aidyh ;=< wm yg tu lghq;a; w; miq jQ nj ksy;udkSj ms<s.kafkuq'

tfukau tu ;;a;ajh ksjer† ls¯u Wfoid wm mlaIh miq.sh udi yh ;=< Okd;aul

mshjrhka ;=<ska wem lem jQ nj isysm;a ls¯ug leue;af;uq'

foaYmd,k lafIa;%h f.!rjkSh ;;a;ajhg f.k tau mshjr ;=kla uÛska is≥úh

hq;af;ah

m<uq mshjr - úOdhl ckdêm;s Oqrfha n,;, ixfYdaOkh ls¯uhs' úOdhl n,;,

mdr®,sfïka;=j wj;lafiare lrk uÜgulg my< jeàfuka foaYmd,k{hka tfyhshka

;;a;ajhlg m;ajk neúka bka rg uqojd.ekSfï wjYH;djh ;†ka u;=ù ;sì◊' tu

;;a;ajh ksjer† lr.ekSu wm mlaIh uÛska wkjYH f,i m%udojQ nj wms ms<s.kafkuq'

tuksid tu ;;a;ajh fjkia ls¯u i|yd ckdêm;s;=ud úiska ±rE m%h;akh idr®:l

lr.ekSu Wfoid wms wêIaGdk f,i ∞hl jQfjuq' tfy;a ck;dj ≥ka wkque;shg

m˙ndysrj hñka tu m%h;akfhka whq;= m%fhdack .ekSug tlai;a cd;sl mlaIh fjr

±rE nj meye†,sh' tys† ckdêm;s OQrh whq;= f,i ≥r®j, lr" tu n,;, w.ue;sjrhd

fj; mjrdf.k" rg wia:djr ;;a;ajhlg f.k taug ±rE m%h;akh mrdchg m;alr

úOdhl ckdêm;s OQrh i;= wkjYH n,;, muKla isud ls¯ug wms fmruqK f.k

lghq;= lf<uq'

fojk mshjr - foaYmd,k lafIa;%h f.!rjkSh ;;a;ajhlg f.k taug w;HdjYH jQ

fojk m%Odk wx.h jkafka mdr®,sfïka;=jg hym;a ksfhda‚;hka f.k taug yelsjk

m˙† ue;sjrK l%uh ixfYdaOkh ls¯uhs' ta i|yd kj mdr®,sfïka;=j ±rE m%h;akhg

kdhl;ajh °ug wm ikaOdkh fmruqK .;a w;r tu m%h;akh tlai;a cd;sl mlaIh

úiska lvdlmam,a lrkq ,eîh' ta wkqj ó<Û uy ue;sjrKfhka miq 20 jk wdKavq

l%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh uÛska ue;sjrK l%uh ixfYdaOkh lr Bg wkqrEm ue;sjrK

mk;la iïu; lrk w;r Pkao m%foaY iSud udhsï ksr®Kh ls¯ug lghq;= flfr®'


[ 52 ]

ue;sjrKhg b†˙m;a jk wfmalaIlhka i|yd my; i|yka wx.j,ska iukaú;

ksr®Kdhl we;=<;a kj ue;sjrK mk; mdr®,sfïka;=fõ ° udi 3 la we;=<; iïu;

lrkafkuq'

1' wmrdO jrola i|yd isr|~qjulg ,la jQ fyda w;aysg jQ ysr o`vqjulg ,la jQfjl=

fyda fkdúh hq;=h'

2' w,a,ia yd ¥IK ms<sn| fpdaokdjlg jrolre fkdjQjl= úh hq;=h'

3' u;aøjH" u;ameka" iQ≥" leisfkda" .◊ld uvï we;=Ω i∞pdr úfrdaë lr®udka;hkays

fhfokakka yg ue;sjrKj,g ;rÛ ls¯ug fkdyels úh hq;=h'

4' m˙irh jekiSug fyda foaYmd,k n,h whq;= f,i Ndú;d lrkakg fyda rgg

w.;s.dó uQ,H .súiqïj,g meñ”ug iïnkaO jQ whg fyda ue;sjrKj,g ;rÛ

ls¯u fkdyels úh hq;=h'

5' ue;sjrKhg fmr ishÆ wfmalaIlhska ish j;alï m%ldYhg m;al< hq;= w;r

ue;sjrK jHdmdr i|yd uqo,a ckkh lrk wdldrh;a úhoï is≥lrk wdldrh;a

ms<sn| iSudjka mekúh hq;= jk w;r Bg w∞< meye†,s m%ldYhka ue;sjrKhg fmr

yd miq wfmalaIlhka úiska b†˙m;a l< hq;=h'

f;jk mshjr - jr®;udk Y%S ,xldfõ foaYmd,k lafI;%fha ms˙ySu wdmsg yerùu i|yd

w;HdjYH f;jk idOlh kï mlaI wNHka;rfha m%cd;ka;%jdoh ia:dms; ls¯uhs'

±kg Y%S ,xldfõ we;s m%cd;ka;%jdohg w∞< m%Odku m%Yakhla jkafka mlaI ;=<

m%cd;ka;%jd° ixúOdk jHqyhla fkdue;s ùuhs' tu ksid ñ<Û uy ue;sjrKfhka miq

udi ;=kla we;=<; b†˙m;a lrk ue;sjrK mk;g mlaI ;=< wju m%cd;ka;%jdoh

;yjqre ls¯ug w∞< fldkafoais ud,djla we;=<;a fõ' tys° mlaIj, idud‚lhkag yd

ls%hdld˙lhkag tu mlaIj, ;SrK .ekSfï jHqyhg Rcqj iïnkaOùug we;s whs;ssh

;yjqre ls¯u w;HdjYH fldkafoaishla njg m;aflfr®' tu ;SrK .ekSfï uKav,

jHjia:dkql+,j /ia fkdjkafka kï tu mlaIj, ,shdm†xÑh ue;sjrK fldñiu úiska

wfydais ls¯ug w∞< úê úOdk o we;=<;a l< hq;=fõ' tu ;SrK .ekSfï uKav,j,

ixhq;sh i|yd we;s ksr®Kdhl o b†˙m;a l< hq;= w;r" tys° ;reKhkag yd ldka;djkag

ksis bv m%ia:d ;sìh hq;= jk w;r ienE iq≥iqlïj,g wjia:dj ,nd †h hq;=h'

mdr®,sfïka;=j ;=< n,hg m;aj wdKavqj msysgqjk mlaIj,g ;uka leìkÜ uKav,fha

° rg fjkqfjka .kakd ish¨ foaYmd,k ;SrKj,g tu mlaIj, m%Odk ;SrK .kakd

uKav,j, wkque;sh ,eî ;sìh hq;=h' ula ksido h;a tu mlaI n,hg m;a ls¯ug tu


[ 53 ]

mlaI wem lem j jev lrk kuq≥ n,hg m;aùfuka miq ;SrK .ekSfï whs;sh tu

mlaIfha weu;s uKav,fha idud‚lhkag muKla ysñùu jr®;udk foaYmd,k iïm%∞h

njg m;aù we;s ksidh'

2' ck;d fiajhg lemjQ ldr®hlaIu ms˙is≥ rdcH fiajhla

miq.sh tlai;a ck;d ksoyia ikaOdk rdcH md,k iuh ;=<° ±jeka; läkï há;,

myiqlï ixjr®Ok l%shd∞uhla is≥jQ nj fkdryils' tuÛska rg mqrd iqúYd, há;,

myiqlï ixjr®Okhla is≥úh' fuu fõ.j;a ixjr®Ok l%shd∞uh idlaId;a ls¯u Wfoid

wkq.ukh l< Wml%uj, wvq Æyq`vqlï we;s njg úfõpkhla úh' fndfyda úg ksr®oh

f,i yd w;sYfhdala;sfhka b†˙m;a jQ úfõpkhkag i;H f;dr;=re wdY%s;j meye†,s

ms<s;=re ,nd°fï fukau wvqmdvq ilid .ekSfï jQ m%udohkaj, wjika m%;sM,h jQfha

tlai;a ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkfha ckdêm;s OQr wfmalaIl .re uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d

2015 ckjd˙ ui mej;s ckdêm;sjrKfhka mrdchg m;aùuhs' tmuKla fkdj bkamiq

rgg uqyqK °ug is≥jQfha b;du fYdapkSh ;;a;ajhlgh' miq.sh udi yh ;=< †h;a jQ

†k ishfha jevms<sfj<g kdhl;ajh ≥ka tlai;a cd;sl mlaIhg tfrysj jxpd" ¥IK

yd wldr®hlaIu;djh ms<sn| nrm;, fpdaokd b;d oreKq f,i b†˙;a úh'

fujka jgmsgdjla ;=< rdcH fiajfha ldr®hlaIu;djh jeä†hqKq jk yd jvd;a úksúo

fmfkkiqÆ ;SrK .ekSfï l%ufõohla rg ;=< ia:dms; ls¯u w;HdjYH lreKla ù

we;' tu wNsfhda.h ndr .ekSug Y%S ,xld ksoyia mlaIh m%uqL tlai;a ck;d ksoyia

ikaOdkh ±ä fia wêIaGdk lrf.k isà' fuu kj l%ufõoh ia:dms; ls¯u mshjr

lsysmhlska is≥ lrkq ,efí'

m<uq mshjr - iajdëk fldñIka iNd ia:dmkh ls¯u'

rdcH fiajh foaYmd,k weÛs,s .eiSïj,ska uqojd .ekSu Wfoid iajdëk fldñIka

iNd ia:dmkh ls¯u wksjdr®h wx.hla fõ' tys† iajdëk fldñIka iNd ia:dmkh

ls¯ug w∞< wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh is≥lr Wmdh udr®.sl jYfhka jeo.;a

lafIa;%j,ska" wksis foaYmd,k weÛs,s .eiSïj,ska uqojd.ekSug wms ∞hl jQfhuq' tys°

17 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh hgf;a b†˙m;a lr ;snQ fldñIka iNdj, ;snQ wvqÆyq~q

≥r,d kj fldñIka iNd 19 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh hgf;a y∫kajd°ug ,eîu wm

,o ch.%yKhls'

miq.sh iufha újdohg ,lajQ tla m%Odk fya;=jla jQfha rcfha ;SrK .ekSfï jHqyfha jQ

≥r®j,;djhkah' tu ;;a;ajh fjkia ls¯u Wfoid 19 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh uÛska


[ 54 ]

.;a mshjr rg ;=< n,d;aul ls¯ug läkï mshjr .;hq;= fõ' tfukau W∞ ù we;s

kj ;;a;ajh ;j≥rg;a jeä†hqKq ls¯u i|yd kj úêl%u o y∫kajd†h hq;= fõ' ta wkqj

my; ±lafjk mshjr ld, igykg wkqj wms lghq;= lrkafkuq'

• jHjia:d∞hl iNdj ia:dmkh lr jev weröu - udi 1 la we;=<;

• iajdëk fldñIka iNd ia:dmkh ls¯u* - udi 2 la we;=<;

* ^ue;sjrK fldñIka iNdj" rdcH fiajd fldñIka iNdj" cd;sl fmd,sia fldñIka

iNdj" ú.Kk fiajd fldñIka iNdj" Y%S ,xld udkj ysñlï fldñIka iNdj" w,a,ia

fyda ¥IK fpdaokd úur®Yk ls¯fï fldñIka iNdj" uqo,a fldñIka iNdj" iSudksr®Kh

fldñIka iNdj" cd;sl m%iïmdok fldñIka iNdj&

• f;dr;=re mk; iïu; lr n,d;aul ls¯u - udi 2 la we;=<;

• ú.Kk mk; iïu; lr n,d;aul ls¯u - udi 2 la we;=<;

tfukau rfÜ ixjr®Ok jHdmD;s l%shd;aul ls¯fï° ,;a w;a±lSï ;=<ska fmkajQ

wvqmdvqlï wkd.;fha° is≥ fkdùu i|yd úêu;a cd;sl m%;sm;a;s iuq∞hla ia:dmkh

ls¯ug wms lghq;= lrkafkuq' tys° ck;djf.a ienE wjYH;djhka f;areï .ekSu" rfÜ

iajdNdúl iïm;aj,ska rgg Wm˙u m%;s,dN ;sridr f,i ,nd.ekSu" fidndoyug jk

n,mEu wju ls¯u" rfÜ ia:djrNdjhg yd iqrlaIs;Ndjhg jk n,mEula we;s fkdjk

njg j.n,d .ekSu yd rfÜ iuia; wdr®:ßl ixjr®Okhg rel=,la ùu wd° lreKq fj;

wjOdkh fhduqlr cd;sl m%;sm;a;s udi yhla ;=< iïmdokh lrkq ,efí' ta i|yd

cd;sl m%;sm;a;s Wmdhudr®. iy ie,iqï iïmdok iNdjla ia:dms; flfr®' tu m%;sm;a;s

u; mokïj mia wjqre≥ ie,eiaula o iïmdokh flfr®'

fojk mshjr - rdcH jHjidh l<ukdlrKh

¥IK iy jxpdj,g fpdaokd ,en we;s rdcH jHjidh" úêu;a f,i l<ukdlrKh

ls¯u wo ojfia w;HdjYH ldrKhla ù we;' tla mfilska rdcH fiajfha l=i,;dj,

W!k;djhka ksid nrm;, wldr®hlaIu;djhlg f.d≥re ù we;' wfkla w;ska rdcH

jHjidhhka mqoa.,SlrKh lr tajd ish foaYmd,k ys;j;=kaf.a Ok W,am;a njg

m;als¯ug tlai;a cd;sl mlaIh leiljñka isà' tu wksis jHdhduh i|yd 2001

foieïnr®- 2004 wfma%,a iy 2015 ckjd˙ - cqks tlai;a cd;sl mlaI rdcH md,k

iuhkays msUqrem;a ieliqKq nj rgu okakd lreKls'

tu rgg wys;lr W;aidyhka mrdchg m;alr Wmdh udr®.sl jYfhka jeo.;a rdcH

foam< mqoa.,sl wxYhg uxfld,a,lEug bv fkd° /l.ekSu Y%S ,xld ksoyia mlaIh


[ 55 ]

m%uqL tlai;a ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkfha m%uqL j.lSula fõ' wm rdcH jHjidhhka

mqoa.,SlrKh fkdlr ldr®hlaIu yd mdvq fkd,nk rchg wh;a jHjidhka yd fiajdjka

f,i mj;ajdf.k hdu i|yd l%ufõohla y∫kajd ≥ka w;r Bg uÛfmkaùu Wfoid

Wmdhudr®.sl jHjidh l<ukdlrk wdh;kh jeks kj hdka;%Khka y∫kajdfokq

,eîh' tfukau uqo,a wud;HdxYh wdY%s;j o rdcH wdh;k wêlaIKh i|yd tall

rdYshla ia:dms; lr we;' rg b†˙fha we;s kj wNsfhda.j,g uqyqK °u Wfoid jvd

úêu;a jHqyhka iy l%ufõohka ia:dmkh ls¯fï wjYH;djhg Y%S ,xld ksoyia mlaIh

yd tlai;a ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkh lem ù isà' tneúka Bg w∞<j uqo,a wud;HdxYh

wdYs%;j ia:dmkh lr we;s wdh;k ish,a, m%;sixúOdkh lr taldnoaO hdka;%Khla

y∫kajd fok w;r" wOHlaIl uKav, m;als¯ï yd jd◊cuh l%shdj,sfha iajdëk;ajh

;yjqre ls¯u i|yd rdcH jHjidh l<ukdlrK fldñIka iNdjla ia:dmkh ls¯u o

uy ue;sjrKh ch.%yKh ls¯fuka miq udi 3 la we;=<; is≥ lrkq ,efí'

f;jk mshjr - rcfha NdKav yd fiajd ñ, ° .ekSfï l%shdj,sh úêu;a ls¯u

rcfha ±jeka; ixjr®Ok jHdmD;s i|yd ±kg mj;sk NdKav yd fiajd ñ, ° .kakd

m%iïmdok l%shdj,sfha wdrïNfha isg wjidkh olajd úksúo fmfkkiqÆ wdldrh

;yjqre ls¯u w;HdjYH ldrKhls' ta ñ, ° .ekSfï l%shdj,sfha iEu wjia:djl°u

¥IKh i|yd bvlv we;s ksidh' ±jeka; jHdmD;sj, ;dlaIKsl ;lafiare ilia lrk

wjia:dfõ° u ;uka iuÛ iïnkaOlï we;s iemhqïlrejkag jdis iy.; jk f,i ñ,

° .ekSfï fldkafoais ilia ls¯ug yelshdj we;s neúka tu ;lafiare b;d flá l,la

;=<° úur®Ykh ls¯u Wfoid l=i,;d iïmkak jD;a;slhka ixÑ;hla rcfha l%shdj,sh

i;=j ;sìh hq;= fõ' tfukau ,enqKq ñ, .Kka we.hSfï°" wNshdpkd we.hSfï° iy

miqj is≥jk ú.Kk l%shdj,sfha° úksúo fmfkkiqÆ Ndjh iy;sl ls¯ug wms mshjr

.kafkuq' tuÛska ixjr®Okh wvd, lrkakdjQ wksis m%udoh o j<lajkafkuq'

isõjk mshjr - rdcH fiajlhkaf.a l=i,;d jr®Okh

rdcH fiajh mqrd me;s¯ we;s wldr®hlaIu;dj jr®;udk iudch uqyqK° isák nrm;,

.egÆjla fõ' tu ;;a;ajhg fya;=mdol jQ lreKq rdYshla we;s w;r tu tla tla .egÆjg

fjk fjku ms<shï fh°u w;HjYH fõ' tys° rdcH fiajlhkaf.a l=i,;d wvqlu tla

m%uqL .egÆjla ù we;s nj ia:ßrh' ta i|yd rdcH fiajhg n|jd .ekSfï isg Tjqkf.a

iyc yelshdjka ms<sn| ie,ls,su;a ù rdcH fiajlhkaf.a l=i,;d jr®Okhka olajd jk

iEu w†hrhla fj;u wjOdkh fhduqjk m˙† úêu;a jevms<sfj<la ilikafkuq'


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“wms fuu m%;sm;a;s m%ldYkfha i|yka iEu lreKlau bgq lrkafkuq'

tu lreKq bgqls¯u wëlaIKh ls¯ug;a

ta iïnkaOj ksr;=reju uyck;dj oekqj;a ls¯ug;a

zm%;sm;a;s wëlaIK iy miq úmrï lñgqjlaZ msysgqjkafkuq'''∑”

අනාගතයට සහතිකයක්

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Transcript of අනාගතයට සහතිකයක්