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2012 . 11, 106 71 .: 210-36.92.272 fax: 210-36.92.180e-mail: foundation@parliament.gr http://foundation.parliament.gr

ISBN: 978-960-6757-60-0

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(1054), - (1438-1439) (1453).21 15 - Sylvius Aeneus Piccolomini , .22 - 16o , , , - , . - , , 23 - . , - , 17 , (cultural) , 17 18 , . 18 a corporate entity of nations and states, possessing its own distinct attitudes and worths.24 1679 - aff aires de lEurope 1685 toutes les forces de lEurope jointes ensembles.25 1683, , , , , , . , , , .26 - .27

, -

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.125 [] . . (1821)126 (1822) .127 . , , , - [] .128 , - ,129 - (1827) .130

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[ ]

.138 , , alter ego . : [] , 139 140 141 , - ,142 , - 143 [ ], , ,144 - , 145 ;,146 , , ,147 - ;148 [] .149

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[ ]

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, , , .. - , ( : ), , - , . , .

- . , . , (), (), - (rent-seeking). , , - ! - , - .

. 1950 , - . - 1959: [] , , [: 0,2% ] , .13

[ ]

, , . , , - , - .

; , , , . , , () - , . , , .14

- , - . , . , 1950 1960, 1970 1980.

() , , - - . ( ) ! . - , Max Weber, . deus ex machina (), - .

[ ]

. : -

1963/1964-1967 -. , , - , - (1964-1965) .

- ( ) . .

, - 1963/1964 , -. , . , .

. (), 1964-1965, !15

, , - .. - , . , ! , Meynaud, . : , . .

[ ]

; - 1962, ( ) (. . 1) .

, 1964 1965 : - . - . () , .

- . , - . , .

, , , , , , , ,

. 1. (%) 1962-1969.: OECD (1969)

1959-1966, (6,4%, 6,3% 1951-1958).16 1966 - 7%. .17 ( - ) 8% (1965) 15,4% (1966). 1967 . - 1967 - 20% . (1966) 12%

[ ]

9% 1967 . . 1964-1965 .18

, .19

- , -, . - 20 , - .

-: 1963-1965 1965-1967 , .. - , () , , - .. - . , 1965-1967 , , .21

. - , - , .. .22 . , , - . a priori , , -, , - .

, , : .

[ ]

, - . , , , . . , -, , , , , , -. , - . ( ) . . . -, , - . .

, . - .

: -

, 1972 , ( 3% 1971 27% 1974) . . . 1973 - , .23 , - .

[ ]

. - 1973 : , . .

A.

1974-1981 - .24 , -. () - . , , . . . -, , , 15% (1973) 19,3% (1976) 24,6% (1981). , . . - , 1979 .

, : - , , -, .

- . , - , (, , ..) ,

[ ]

, .

: ; ;

, , , - .. , , , , , . 1977 . , - , .. Richard Clogg: - , , - .25

, . , 1960 , . , , , (1991-2000) (2001-2009). - .26 1970 .

1981 .

[ ]

B.

1980 ( ) , - - , , . . - .

, , . . 1980, 1979-1981, - - , - . , , , , ( ) . . ( ) .

1980 . 1989 31,9% 1990 (1996: 30,5%). - . - , , , ..

.

[ ]

( - ) . , . .27 - . , .28

- . .. () . , - : , - , , . , ( , - ..). - , - .

: 1985, , 1990, ! , -.

1980 ( 1990) -

[ ]

, , , , , .

, . , , . , , , , , . , , , . , , - ( ). , , . .

: , -

1990 - . . 1989 -. - ( ). - (1985-1986). 1991 ( , ). - .

.

[ ]

, . - 1996 status quo. .

( 1996-2000) ,29 - . , , - - , -. ( - ), (- ). ( ) . . - -- .

, , : 1990 , , (. . 1). - 1980, -. , ( ).

[ ]

. 1. ( ) 1993-2000. : .

, : - , ().30 - ( ).

2000 12 .

( vincolo esterno Kevin Featherstone), , , - ( [] ).31 , .

, - , . .32 2001.

[ ]

, , 1990, . ( ) 1999. ( ) - 1996-2002 16 . .33 , , . (1994 1998) (2002) .34

, ( ) .

, , . 1997, - status quo . . , -, , .35 . - .

2000 , - . - (.. - ,36 ..) . 2001. , .37 , , . , - -

[ ]

.. ( ). , - , , . - , , . .38

, . , , , 2 ().39

, , (-, , , , ..),40 , () .. .41

status quo - .42 () , , .43 .

, - . - , - , . , - , .44 , (1990-1991) (1997, 2005), -.

[ ]

, , . - . , - , - !45 - ( !), - . . : , , [] , - [] .46

20 , , ( - ), , , ( ). 2000 12o - , , , -.

. , - . . , - , ,

[ ]

, , .

- , . : .

, , 1996-2000 ( 2009) : - . , .

, , . - . , ( 1973), (1974-1979) , - (1979-1994/1995) - (1996-2000), .

, , . - . .

. , , -.

[ ]

1. 1979. 1990 , .

2. , ( 1997).3. . K , . -

( 1981), 119 . 4. . . , ( 1966),

33-34. (), ..

5. . Peter all, Th e Movement from Keynesianism to Monetarism: Institutional Analysis and British Economic Policy in the 1970s, : Sven Steinmo .. (.), Structuring Politics. Historical Institutionalism in Comparative Analysis (Cambridge 1992), 91-92.

6. . ndrea Boltho, Th e European Economy, Growth and Crisis (Oxford 1982, . 1985).

7. , . - 1944-2000 ( 2001), 180.

8. 1956 , . - . . . - (. .), . , ( 1992), . 1, 337-338.

9. , - . . . Nicos Mouzelis, Politics in the Semi-periphery. Early Parliamentarism and Late Industrialization in the Balkans and Latin America (London 1986), 199 .. - , . George Pagoulatos, Party, State and Patronage in Greece Today: A odern Case for Clientelism ( , Oxford 1993).

10. W.N. Mc Neill, Dilemmas of modernization in Greece, Balkan Studies 8 (1967), 303-316, 303.

11. Jean Meynaud, 1946-1965 ( 1965), . , 363 ..12. (. 7), 170-171 . 13. . ( -

), . ( 1997), 119-120.14. George Pagoulatos, Greeces New Political conomy. State, Finance and Growth from Postwar

to EMU ( Houndmills 2003), 42 ..15. , (

1992), 221. 16. , 1970. .

, 1945-1995 ( 1997) (. 7).

17. OECD Greece, Economic Survey 1969 (Paris), 5 .. . .

[ ]

18. OECD Greece, conomic Survey 1966, 5-6. 19. Nikos G. Pirounakis, Th e Greek economy. Past, Present and Future (London 1997), 34-37. 20. . (.), ( 1962). 21. . , 1965-1966 ( 2003). .

vanthis Hatzivassiliou, Greece and the Cold War. Frontline State 1952-1967 (London - New York 2006), 129-130 154-156.

22. OECD Greece, Economic Survey 1966, 31-32. , .

23. . icholas Craft s Gianni Toniolo (.), Economic Growth in Europe since 1945 (Cambridge 1996). Robert Law-rence Charles Schultze (.), Barriers to European Growth, a Transatlantik View (Washington 1987) Boltho (. 6).

24. . . Juan Linz lfred Stepan, Problems of Democratic Transistion and Consolidation. Southern Europe, South America and Post-Communist Europe (Baltimore - London 1996).

25. Richard Clogg, ( 1996), 189.26. , ( 2008),

173.27. . Mancur Olson, Th e Logic of Collective Action, Public Goods and the Th eory of Groups

(Cambridge 1965 1971).28. . , -. ,

, ( 1987), 88 ..29. 1980 -

1990-2004, . , ( 1998), 29 ..

30. () - () ( 105 /). , .

31. () - . . ().

32. Giandomenico Majone - , . . Giandomenico Majone, Dilemmas of European Integration: Th e Ambiguities and Pitfalls of Integration by Stealth (Oxford 2005). . , . , , ( 2006), . 6 (- ).

33. . OECD Financial Market Trends 82 (June 2002). 34. . : Kevin Featherstone Dimitris Papadimitriou, Ma-

nipulating Rules, Contesting Solutions: Europeanization and the Politics of Restructuring Olympic Airways (Paper presented to the Joint Sessions of the European Consortium for Political Research) (April 2005 .).

35. t .

[ ]

(1997) . evin Featherstone Georgios Kazamias Dimitris Papadimitriou, Th e Limits of External Empowerment: EMU, Technocracy and Reform of the Greek Pension System 1996-1998 (Paper for the Political Studies Association - UK 50th Annual Conference, London, 10-13 April 2000). ( ) ( ) .

36. 1996 , , - , , , ..

37. , ( ) ( 2007), 21 ..

38. , . - 2000 ( 2009).

39. . Michel Barnier 18 2002, . (28.5.2002). 2009 , . (8.4.2009).

40. , , 20% ! . , - () 4 - 2003. 1999 . . Transparency International, Th e TI International Corruption Perception index 1999. .

41. . Corruption Perception Index 2006, : Transparency International, Global Corruption Report 2007 (Cambridge 2007) Public Issue - , 2008 ( - 2009).

42. . Panos Kazakos, Europeanization, Public Goals and Group Interests: Convergence Policy in Greece, 1990-2003, West European Politics 27/5 (2004), 901-918.

43. , ; ( 2009), 48. 44. . Spyros Blavoukos George Pagoulatos, Fiscal Adjustment in Southern Europe: the Limits

of EMU Conditionality, Hellenic Observatory Papers on Greece and Southeast Europe (London, March 2008).

45. . - ( 1996) ( 1992).

46. , ( 2008), 21, 25 26. .