ဘာလဲဟဲ့ ... ေမာင္စြမ္းရည္

bmvJ[JharmifpGrf;&nf

armifp Gr f;7nf Õ aqmif ;y g ;aygi f;csKy f

awmfvSefa&; pmayr*~Zif;

1? rukudr2? udkvSpdk;ESifh raexGef;3? udkatmifaZmf[def;4? ukdrif;aiG5? udk0if;óudif6? udkatmifarmf[def;7? udkxGef;+idfrf;8? udkatmifrsdK;ausmfESifh r,k,kcdkif9? udk0if;ckdifxGef;ESifh rcifoD&dbdk10? udkcifarmifaZmfESifh oef;aX;0if;11? udkausmfrdk;wifhESifh eef;rdkifxGef;12? udkausmfausmfEdkif13? rpef;jrifhEG,f14? udkrsKd;rif;15? armifwifxGef;16? udkxG%f;jrifhESifh rauoDodef;17? udkat;pdk; (yDwm)18? udka0atmif19? udkEdkifxGef;20? udkqefeDESifh rrdk;OD;21? oD&dol22? OD;ausmf0if; (tm[m&)23? udk0if;rsdK; (tm[m&)24? armif&Jatmif (tm[m&)25? udkoef@ZifxGef; (tm[m&)26? udkatmifEdkifausmf (tm[m&)27? omEdk;xGef; (udkouf)28? udkpdk;ydkif29? udkaZmfrif;AdkvfESifh tif'defqdkif;cef@ (N Ding Seng Hkam)

30? udkzkef;jrifhodef;ESifh rwifEG,f0if;

q&marmifpGrf;&nf. “bmvJ[JharmifpGrf;&nf”pmtkyfudk atmufygxkwfa0olrsm;ujynfolŒpmay/ awmfvSefa&;pmaytjzpf pDpOfwifqufvdkufonf?

1? bmvJ[Jh armifpGrf;&nf 62? bmvJ[Jh EdkifiHa&;orm; 103? bmvJ[Jh ygwDEdkifiHa&; 164? bmvJ[Jh 'Drdkua&pD 195? bmvJ[Jh apm&SefAJv,l; at&SefAJv,l; 236? bmvJ[Jh w&m;Oya' 267? bmvJ[Jh 'dkif,mavmh 308? bmvJ[Jh ESpfzufvHk;avsmh 359? bmvJ[Jh xdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifr_ 3710? bmvJ[Jh wrwfom; 3911? bmvJ[Jh qef&Sif 4212? bmvJ[Jh 'Dzufwdk 4513? bmvJ[Jh 'D*sL;&D; 4914? bmvJ[Jh [D;±kd;a0g&Spf 5615? bmvJ[Jh yk*~Kdvfudk;uG,fr_ 6016? bmvJ[Jh uGefjrLepf 6417? bmvJ[Jh ykqdef±kd; 6818? bmvJ[Jh ta=umufw&m; 7219? bmvJ[Jh vl}uD;z,f 7620? bmvJ[Jh 135 rsKd; 8021? bmvJ[Jh tarhac:oH 8322? bmvJ[Jh tbac:oH 8723? bmvJ[Jh rD'D,mtufopf 9024? bmvJ[Jh owif;orm; 9325? bmvJ[Jh o}uFef 9626? bmvJ[Jh tmZmenf 10027? bmvJ[Jh taumifAavmif 10428? bmvJ[Jh trsKd;om;ae@ 10729? bmvJ[Jh t=uHay; 11030? bmvJ[Jh +idrf;csrf;a&; 11431? bmvJ[Jh pnf;urf;&SdwJh 'Drdkua&pD 11632? bmvJ[Jh trsKd;om;tusKd;pD;yGm; 12033? bmvJ[Jh vl@tcGifhta&; 123

rmwdumxkwfa0olrsm;eJŒ opPmawmfvSefa&;pmaytiftm;pk&JŒtrSm 4

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bmvJ[Jh armifpGrf;&nf

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aemifESpfaygif;rsm;pGm jzwfoef;+yD;wJhtcg (odk@r[kwf) q,fpkESpfrsm;udk jzwfoef;vm+yD;vdk@ ordkif;udk orifvnfjyef jyef=unfhwJhtcg 21 &mpkt0if 10 pkESpfywf0ef;usif&Sdowif;rD'Dorm;wcsKdŒ/ ynmwufwcsKdŒ&JŒ ðyjyifzmax;a&;rsm;udk tJ'Dtwdkif;yJ jyefawG@jyefjrifae&rSmjzpfw,f?

tJ'DazmufjyefwJh tiftm;pkawGeJ@ azmufjyefwJhpmayudk t&yfom;tawG;/t&yfom;ta&;eJ@ q&m}uD; armif;pGrf;&nfu ckcHacsycJhjcif;jzpfw,f? r[mbGJ@& wuUodkvfausmif;qif; r[mynmausmfrsm;&JŒ cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmr_tpkpk[m aemufqHk;awmh tkyfpdk;zdESdyfolbufu&yfwJh/ azmfvHzm; pmay/ azmufjyefwJhpmayyJ jzpfoGm;cJhygw,f? trsKd;om;jynfolvlxkeJ@ zufqpfppftkyfpkt=um;/ jyef;xefwJh yÉdyuQwkdufyGJxJrSm jcHpnf;±dk;ay:rodromxkdifvkduf=uygw,f? xdkifvdk@&atmif oabmw&m;wckudk xlaxmifqkyfudkifxm;=uygw,f? owif;rD'D,mqdkwm bufrvkduf&bl; b,fol@bufurS r&yfwnf&bl;/ryg&bl;/ vGwfvyfpGm&yfwnf&r,fqkdwJh uajrmufuajcmuftawG;tac:rl0g'udk qkwfudkif=uygw,f? aemufqHk;awmh &efol@bufudkckeful;oGm;=uygw,f? vlxkwkdufyGJeJ@vlxkudkqef@usif &efoleJ@yl;aygif; (rodromuae/ ododomom yl;aygif;) &efoleJ@twl rdrdwdk@&JŒtusKd;pD;yGm;udkjr‡ifhwif&if; &efoleJ@twlwuGazmufjyefoGm;wJhtqifhudk rsufpda&SŒrSma[mwa,muf a[mwa,muf a&mufoGm;=uwmyg? vlxk&JŒ&efoljzpfoGm;=uwmyg?

xyfajym&if vlxkbufur&yfwnfovdk ' Dazmufjyefa&;tiftm;pkr SmawmfvSefa&;qkdwm r&Sdygbl;? vlxkwkdufyGJvnf;r&Sdbl;? vlxkwdkufyGJr&SdwJhtwGuf vlxkvGwfajrmufatmif b,fvdkpGrf;aqmif±kef;uef v_yf&Sm;=u&r,fqdkwJh tawG;tac:pdwf"mwfvJ r&Sdbl;? tjyeftvSefoabmt& awmfvSefa&;r&Sdvkd@vJ tckvkd azmufjyefa&;avmufaumifawGjzpfoGm;=uwmyg?

tckvdk &efoludktnHhcHa&;pmay/ ppftm%m&Sifpepfzsufodrf;a&;qkdwJh vlxkvrf;pOfudk qef@usifwJhpmayudk vlxkpmay/ awmfvSefa&;pmayu wkef@jyefckcH=uygw,f?tawG;tac:tvif;a&mifay;+yD; awmfvSefa&;udkjr‡if hwif=uygw,f? jynfol@pmay&JŒ

xkwfa0olrsm;eJŒ opPmawmfvSefa&;pmaytiftm;pk&JŒtrSm

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q&m}uD; armifpGrf;&nfu azmufjyefwJhpmay/ azmufjyefwJhtiftm;pkudk wckjcif; qGJxkwfjyygw,f? em;&Gufudk wHawG;qGwf+yD; vlxka&SŒrSm xkwfazmfjyoygw,f? odrfar$@wJhenf;y&d,m,feJ@rsufESmzHk;cGmcsygw,f? aemufwcku Eke,fwJh/ tawG;tac: pHrrSDwJh/ EdkifiHa&; a&csdefedrfhusaeao;wJhawmfvSefa&;orm;awG/ EdkifiHa&;orm;awGudk ol&JŒpmayeJ@ vrf;jyjr‡ifhwifay;ygw,f? tacsmiform;pmay/ azmufjyefwJhpmayudk &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; odjrifvmapovdkyJ/ vlxkvGwfajrmufa&;vrf;a=umif;udkydkvdk@ &Sif;vif;vmapcJhw,f/ ydkvdk@ wufºuGvmapcJhw,f? 'ga=umifh q&m}uD; armifpGrf;&nf&JŒ pmayvuf&mrsm;udk xkwfa0vdkufjcif;jzpfw,f?

aemifrSm ordkif;ynm&Sifrsm;/ pmayokawoDrsm;u q&m}uD;armifpGrf;&nf&JŒ pmayudktuJjzwf rSwfwrf;wifygvdrfhr,f? avmavmq,f EdkifiHa&;pmayusrf;wapmifjzpfwJh 'Dpmtkyfudkxkwfa0olwdk@taeeJ@ jynfol@pmaytjzpf rSwfwrf;wif±Hkomru awmfvSefa&;pmaytjzpfeJ@yg OD;!Gwfvdkufygw,f? ,ae@umvrSm jynfya&'D,dkÏmewck&JŒ t}uD;tuJqdkolu q&m}uD; armifpGrf;&nf&JŒa[majymcsufrsm;/ pmayrsm;udk rxkwfv$ifhzdk@ jynfwGifzufqpfppftkyfpktwdkif;yJ uef@owf ydwfyifcJhayrJh/ ppftm%m&Sifpepf zsufodrf; a&;/ vlxkvGwfajrmufa&;/ 'Drdkua&pDa&;twGuf wpdkufrwfrwfa&;om;oDuHk;aeaom jynfol@pma&;q&m armifpGrf;&nfum; rðzHay? aemufqkwfroGm;cJhay? pmayjzifhwdkufyGJ0if vsufyg? jynfol@pmayudk a&;jc,foDukH;vsufyg? tJ'D a&'D,dkÏmeuvGJvdk@ q&m&JŒ pmayvuf&mrsm;um; wESH@wvsm; jrpfra&pD;tjzpf w'D;'D; pD;qif;aevsufyg? 'DtwGufvJ *k%f,lvdk@rqHk;yg?

wdkufyGJjyif;xefwJh ,ae@umvrSm jynfol@pmay/ awmfvSefa&;pmayudk tav;teufOD;xdyfxm; xkwfa0&if; wdkufyGJ0if=u&rSmjzpfw,fvdk@ opPmtiftm;pktaeeJ@ cH,lxm;w,f? 'ga=umifhq&m}uD; armifpGrf;&nf&JŒ “bmvJ[Jh armifpGrf;&nf”pmtkyfudk awmfvSefa&;vrf;jypmay usrf;wapmiftjzpf xkwfa0vdkufygw,f?

jynfol@pmay[m t"Ge f @& Snf =um cd ki fcef @r Smjzpfw,f?jynfol@pmay[m t"Ge f @& Snf =um cd ki fcef @r Smjzpfw,f?jynfol@pmay[m t"Ge f @& Snf =um cd ki fcef @r Smjzpfw,f?jynfol@pmay[m t"Ge f @& Snf =um cd ki fcef @r Smjzpfw,f?jynfol@pmay[m t"Ge f @& Snf =um cd ki fcef @r Smjzpfw,f?azmufjyefwJ htawG;tac:eJ @pmay[m ,drf;,d ki f òy dvJ usqH k ;oGm;rSmjzpfw,f?azmufjyefwJ htawG;tac:eJ @pmay[m ,drf;,d ki f òy dvJ usqH k ;oGm;rSmjzpfw,f?azmufjyefwJ htawG;tac:eJ @pmay[m ,drf;,d ki f òy dvJ usqH k ;oGm;rSmjzpfw,f?azmufjyefwJ htawG;tac:eJ @pmay[m ,drf;,d ki f òy dvJ usqH k ;oGm;rSmjzpfw,f?azmufjyefwJ htawG;tac:eJ @pmay[m ,drf;,d ki f òy dvJ usqH k ;oGm;rSmjzpfw,f?q&m}uD; armifp Gr f ;&nf use f;rmygap? touf&mausmf& Snfygap?q&m}uD; armifp Gr f ;&nf use f;rmygap? touf&mausmf& Snfygap?q&m}uD; armifp Gr f ;&nf use f;rmygap? touf&mausmf& Snfygap?q&m}uD; armifp Gr f ;&nf use f;rmygap? touf&mausmf& Snfygap?q&m}uD; armifp Gr f ;&nf use f;rmygap? touf&mausmf& Snfygap?

jynfol@pmayud k wpd kufrwfrwfa&;om;ðypkum awmfvSe fa&;twGufjynfol@pmayud k wpd kufrwfrwfa&;om;ðypkum awmfvSe fa&;twGufjynfol@pmayud k wpd kufrwfrwfa&;om;ðypkum awmfvSe fa&;twGufjynfol@pmayud k wpd kufrwfrwfa&;om;ðypkum awmfvSe fa&;twGufjynfol@pmayud k wpd kufrwfrwfa&;om;ðypkum awmfvSe fa&;twGufqufvuf a&SŒ± _vrf; jyEd ki fygap?qufvuf a&SŒ± _vrf; jyEd ki fygap?qufvuf a&SŒ± _vrf; jyEd ki fygap?qufvuf a&SŒ± _vrf; jyEd ki fygap?qufvuf a&SŒ± _vrf; jyEd ki fygap?

xkwfa0olrsm;e J @xkwfa0olrsm;e J @xkwfa0olrsm;e J @xkwfa0olrsm;e J @xkwfa0olrsm;e J @opPmawmfvSe fa&;pmaytiftm;pkopPmawmfvSe fa&;pmaytiftm;pkopPmawmfvSe fa&;pmaytiftm;pkopPmawmfvSe fa&;pmaytiftm;pkopPmawmfvSe fa&;pmaytiftm;pk

'DZifbm 31/ 2006'DZifbm 31/ 2006'DZifbm 31/ 2006'DZifbm 31/ 2006'DZifbm 31/ 2006(2007 udk óudwJ h n)(2007 udk óudwJ h n)(2007 udk óudwJ h n)(2007 udk óudwJ h n)(2007 udk óudwJ h n)

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jynfya&mufArmrsm;u armifpGrf;&nfbmvJqdkwm odyfrod=uygbl;?ausmif;oHk;pmtkyfxJrSm ygbl;w,fqdkwmavmufyJ Za0Z0g od=uygw,f?wu,fawmh “armifpGrf;&nf bmvJ”qdkwm ta&;r}uD;ygbl;? “bmvJ[JharmifpGrf;&nf”qdkwmudk od&ifyJ jynfya&muf Armrsm;tzdk@ vHkavmufyg+yD?

wu,fawmh 'DxJu ta=umif;t&mawGudk a&'D,dkawGu toHv$ifh&mrSmaum jynfyxkwf *syef/ udk&D;,m;/ tar&duef tajcpdkuf pme,fZif;av;awGrSma&m uGefysLwm uGef,ufawGrSma&m ñuHovdk azmfjycJh+yD;yg+yD? jynfya&mufArm vl}uD;/ vli,f/ vlvwf awmfawmfrsm;rsm;udk ar;=unfhwJh tcgrtm;vdk@q&m/ wcgwavawmhjzifh em;axmifrdyg&JŒvdk@ ajz=uygw,f?“wcgwav”qdkwmvJ “wcg”eJ@ “wav”yJ jzpfzkd@rsm;ygw,f? tvkdufrodbJ ar;rdwmudkyJ tm;emp&mawG jzpfukefygw,f? (ckvdk a&;rdwmvJtm;emrdjyefygw,f?)'gayrJh tm;wufp&maumif;wmu jynfwGif;aomw&SifawGu bmawGudkb,fvdkyJ ajym=uygtHk;vdk@ tcsdefvk+yD; tm;yg;w& ajymoHawG =um;&jyefawmh tm;wuf&ygw,f? 'Dvdkqdkawmh jynfwGif;uvlawGrSmtcsdeftm;awG rsm;ae=uovm;vdk@ jyifyvlawGeJ@,SOf+yD; awG;rdjyefygw,f?u|efawmfwkd@ toHv$ifhwm jywfoGm;&if aiGukefa=u;uscH+yD; bmjzpfvdk@vJ/

bmvJ[Jh armifpGrf;&nfbmvJ[Jh armifpGrf;&nf

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AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;tvdkt& jrefrmvdk

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r[kwfaybl;? AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;tvdkt& jrefrmvdk “jynfol@tpdk;&pepf”vdk@qdk&ygw,f?

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armifpGrf;&nf Ò 2006 *|ef 2 e,l;a,muf

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2626262626


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r&ygbl;?

“

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2 72 72 72 72 7


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ay;zdk@qdkwm aoewfeJ@vkyfvdk@ r&ygbl;? jynfolvlxkqDu qif;oufwJhtm%meJ@ ðypk=uyfrwfxm;wJh w&m;Oya'eJ@ xlaxmifrSom&ygw,f? ppfAdkvfawG ajymovdk aoewfeJ@ 'Drdkua&pD xlaxmifr,fqdk&if urBmtoacsFqHk;awmif &rSmr[kwf/ 'gvJ olwdk@ odw,f? olwdk@uvJ urBmtoacsF tkyfpdk;zdk@yJ&nf&G,faeygw,f?

olwdk@ wckck r[kwfwm vkyfcsif&if “wnfqJOya't&”vdk@ !¸ef;qkdavh &Sdygw,f? +Adwdo#tpdk;& vkyfor# wdkufzsufayr,fh olwdk@ vdkcsif&if+Adwdo#wdk@&JŒ tdENd,tuf Oya' ta[mif;taqG;awGudk aemufa=umif;jyef+yD;yifhulr#ifawG z,f&Sm;&Sif;ygw,f? &efukefrSm u|efawmfwdk@&yfuGuf (0*~D&yfuGuf)qdkwm jynfvrf;r}uD;ab;uyg? b,fvdkrS usL;ausmf&yfuGuf rjzpfEkdifyg?ajr0,f tdrfaqmufolawGxJrSm AdkvfrSL;a[mif;wdk@/ w&m;ol}uD; (wdkif;tqifh/!¸efrSL;tqifh)wdk@/ trwfwdk@/ ausmif;q&m/ pma&;q&m/ q&m0efwdk@yg&Sdygw,f? jrLeDpDy,fOya'eJ@tnD 0,f,laqmufvkyf/ aexkdif=uwmawG jzpfygw,f? tjypf&Smvdk@r&awmh 1830 ausmfu tdENd,tufOya'udk wcgrSroHk;zl;bJeJ@ xkwfoHk;ygw,f?

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2828282828


EdkifiHa&;acgif;aqmifawGudk owfzdk@ =uHwmtxd bmw&m; Oya'rS r&Sd/ rpD&if/ta&;r,lygbl;?

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ppfwyfuusif;ywJh trsKd;om;nDvmcHudk trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyfuw&m;r0ifvdk@ rwufwmyg? ausmcdkif; vkdufwmrSefwmaygh/ olwdk@ac:wJh nDvmcH

rSm olwdk@bmoma&G;xm;wJh udk,fpm;vS,fu tzGJ@csKyfudk,fpm;vS,f xufrsm;atmifxdyfacgufa&G;xm;+yD; tEkdifusifhzkd@vkyfwmyg? 'gudk tzGJ@csKyf u vufcH&if tzGJ@csKyf[m ordkif;w&m;cHjzpfrSmaygh iwHk;&JŒ? tckawmh ordkif;w&m;cHu w&m;Oya'ta=umif; ememajymaewJh w&m;r0iftpdk;& etz ppfAdkvfcsKyfawGyJqkdwmv,fjyifrSm qifrJ}uD; uif;+rD;aumufaxmifovdk xif&Sm;ae+yDr[kwfvm;?w&m;0ifcsif&if tzGJ@csKyfu vrf;zGifhzdwfac:wm vufcHyg? u|efawmf[m Oya'ynm&SifvJr[kwf/ EkdifiHa&; o±kyfcGJol tuJjzwfolvJ r[kwf? t&yfom;^m%f“qifajc”orm;oufoufyg? t&yfom;qifajceJ@udkyJ etzppfAdkvfawG[miz,fvefu ajymif;jyefqdkovkd Oya'pum;ajymaewm odomxif&Sm;vSygbd?jynfolawG tHkºuGr_}uD;udk rapmifhbJ w&m;0ifatmifom tjrefvkyfayawmh?“w&m;0if”qdkwJh pum;udk “w&m;0ifajymcGifh”&atmif vkyfygav?

armifpGrf;&nf Ò 24 ar2006 e,l;a,muf

- tm[m&pmapmif trSwfpOf (64) ZGefv/ 11/ 2006

udk,fvufrcHwJhOya'eJ@ olrsm;udk rw&m;rajymoifh?'ga=umifh etz [m Oya'pum;awGudkOya'rvdkufemEkdifbJ rajymoifhbl;?

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bmvJ[Jh 'dkif,mavmh“'dkif,mavmh”qdkwm t*Fvdyfpum;vHk;yg? t*FvdyfuvJ acgr/ a&mr

pum;vHk;udk ,lxm;wmeJ@wlyg&JŒ? b,fuyJ,l,l ESpfOD;ESpfzuf pum;ajymqdk=uwmudk 'dkif,mavmhvdk@ ac:wmygyJ? ‘'Dpum;vHk;udkrsm; usKyfwdk@vJodygh/ cifAsm;&Sif;jyp&mrvdkygbl;’vdk@ 'Dpmzwfv#if zwfjcif; òidjiifrdolvJ &Sdaumif;&Sd rSmyg? [kwfuJhæ rdwfaqG? cifAsm;u òrdŒay:ae+yD; t*FvdyfpmawG bmawG oifcGihf&zl;&ifawmh[kwfwmaygh? Armpum;om wwfzl;/ zwfzl;wJh trsm;jynfolawGu odcsifrSodrSmyg? z,f'&,fqdkwJh pum;vHk;t"dym,fudk rod0dk;0g;eJ@ “'g[m jynfaxmifpkòzdcGJzdk@jynfru cGJxGufa&;” vkyfwm? 'ga=umifh wdkif;jynf}uD; acsmufxJuszdk@ vufwvHk;

bmvJ[Jh 'dkif,mavmh

tvdkrSm ppfwyfu u,frS jzpfr,fvdk@qdk+yD; olwdk@u u,fwifvdkuf&wmwJh?tJovdkeJ@ Adkvfae0if; vufwvHk;=um;vkyfvdk@ zuf'&,fqdkwJh pum;wvHk;eJ@ EdkifiH}uD;bHk;bHk;vJcJh&ygyaum? wcsKdŒ ppfAdkvfppfom;awGuawmif tJovdk txifrSm;aewmyg?

'geJ@ +yD;+yDvm;qdkawmh r+yD;ao;bl;? aemufwufvmwhJ ppfAdkvfawGuvJz,f'&,fudpPrSm olwdk@ u,fwifcJh&ovdk &Spfav;vHk;udpPrSmvJ olwdk@ 0ifu,fvdkuf&wmwJh? tJovdk ,Hk=unfpGJ+rJae=uygw,f? z,f'&,frlqdkwmudk wcsKdŒuckxufxd bmrSef;rod=uao;ygbl;? wu,f rodwmyg? u|efawmfar;=unfhzl;vS+yD?

jynfaxmifpk}uD;xJu cGJxGufa&;rlvdk@yJ ajz=uwmawG trsm;}uD;yg?trSefu cGJxGufa&;r[kwfygbl;? tar&duefjynfaxmifpkwdk@/ tdENd,jynfwdk@[mjynfaxmifpkrlawGygyJ? wGJae=uwmygyJ? ck u|efawmfwdk@ tar&duefz,f'&,f

z,f'&,fqdkwJh pum;vHk;t"dym,fudk rod0dk;0g;eJ@ “'g[mjynfaxmifpkòzdcGJzdk@ jynfru cGJxGufa&;” vkyfwm?

'ga=umifh wdkif;jynf}uD; acsmufxJ uszdk@vufwvHk;tvdkrSm ppfwyfu u,frS jzpfr,fvdk@qdk+yD;

olwdk@u u,fwifvdkuf&wmwJh?

3 13 13 13 13 1


jynfaxmifpkrSm acwWae=uwmyJ? 'ga=umifh jynfru tultnDay;ygw,f?jynfe,fwckuwckudkajymif;&if jynfe,fawGuvJ tultnD xyfaqmif;ay;=uygw,f? jynfe,ftvdkuf qHk;jzwfcGifhawG&Sd=uygw,f?

qdkcsifwmu z,f'&,fqdkwm cGJxGufa&;r[kwfbl;? Armppftm%m&SifawGuom tm%mcGJa0 ray;csifvdk@ jynfe,fawGudk tkyfcsKyfr_qdkif&m wdkif; c±dkifawGvkyfypfcJhwmyg? qdkcsifwmu ae&mwum t*Fvdyfpum;awGoHk;&if em;rvnfawmh±_yfukef+yD;tusKd;enf;wwfw,f qdkwmygyJ? 'gha=umifh 'dkif,mavmhqdkwmudk jzpfEdkif&if ESpfzufaqG;aEG;yGJ 'grS[kwf ESpfOD;ESpfzufn‡dEd_if;yGJ pojzifh jynfoltrsm; em;vnfoabm aygufapEdkifrJh pum;vHk;udkyJ oHk;apcsifygw,f? t*FvdyfpmwwfwJh vlcsif;uawmh t*Fvdyf vdk n‡yfajymajym/ t*Fvdyfvdkcsnf;ajymajym &ygw,f? ygVdvdkóudufvdk@ ygVdoHk;cJhwmawGvJ wyHk}uD;?

'dkif,mavmhqdkwJhpum; wGifus,fvmwmu ppftpdk;&eJ@ trsKd;om; 'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyfwdk@ awG@qHkaqG;aEG;=uzdk@ vdktyfwmu pwifygw,f? trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf[m jynfolvlxku rJtrsm;qHk;ay;+yD; a&G;cs,fxm;wJh jynfol@udk,fpm;vS,ftzGJ@ jzpfygw,f? ppftpdk;&u tm%mvktpdk;& jzpfygw,f? 'D-csKyfrSmu jynfolvlxktrsm;pk&JŒ axmufcHcsufudk tiftm;ðyygw,f? ppftpdk;&uawmh aoewfvufeufudk tiftm;ðyygw,f?

aqG;aEG;=ur,fqdk&if wzufeJ@wzuf r,HkouFm jzpfwwfygw,f? 'ga=umifhwzufeJ@wzuf tuJcwfzdk@ jyifqifzdk@tcsdef twdkif;twmwck vdktyfygw,f?tJ'gu ‘,Hk=unfr_wnfaqmufa&;umv”vdk@ ac:cJh=uygw,f? 'Dae&mrSm t*Fvdyfpum;vHk;wvHk; xyf0ifvmw,f? ‘x&efpfay&ifpD’wJh? wzufpD&JŒrl0g'awG[m zefvdkrSefvdk xkwfcsif;aygufjrif&atmif =unfvifae&r,fwJh? bmudkrS vufaemuf ypf+yD;udkifqkyfuG,f0Sufxm;wm r&Sd&bl;/‘0SufzJ’ qdkwmrsKd; r&Sd&bl;? yGifhvif;&r,fvdk@qdkvdkygw,f? yGifhvif;ygqdkwm ±dk;om;r_udk awmif;qdkwmygyJ? trsKd;om;a&;twGufyg?

ppfwyfu tm%modrf;w,fqdkwm vufeufeJ@vk,lwmyJ? trsm; jynfolu wcJeuf rJay;xm;wJh=um;u vk,lw,fqdkuwnf;u r±dk;om;bl;vdk@ qdk&r,f?'gha=umifh ppfAd kvfawGrSm rvHkrvJ pdwf&Sd=urSmyg? olwdk@vJ OD;aESmufeJ@vlyJ?rvHkrvJpdwfa=umifh ‘igwdk@u tav#mhay;vdkufvdk@ jynfolawGu igwdk@udk jynfol@w&m;cGif wif=u&if 'kuQa&mufacs&JŒ’vdk@qdkwmrsKd; awG;=u&SmrSmygyJ? 'gayrhJtm%m/ &mxl;/ aiGa=u;vmbfvmb qdkwmawG avmbrjzwfEdkifawmhvJ a'gouyfrSmqdkwm "rRwmyJ? ckvdk 0tDvmwJhtcgrSmawmh t=uyftwnf;awGuvJjzpfvmwma=umifh olwdk@vJ aphpyfaqG;aEG; ausat;csifrSmygyJ? udk,fh txifayghav?raqG;aEG;=ucifrSm óudwifowfrSwfcsufawG/ awmif;qdkcsufawG rxm;=uzdk@eJ@,Hk=unfr_wnfaqmufzdk@qdkwmudkawmh ESpfzufoabmwlxm;+yD;=u[ef wlyg&JŒ?

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,Hk=unfr_wnfaqmufbdk@ qdkwJhtxJrSm wzufeJ@wzuf b,fauG@ a&muf&ifb,fwufeJ@ avSmfrvJqdkwmvJ ol@bufudka&m udk,fhbuf twGufygwGuf=utHk;rSmyg?

'Dae&mrSm wcsKd@u vl}uD;vlaumif;aveJ@ ESpfzufvHk;twGuf ‘r#r#ww’jzpfapzdk@ avoHrsKd;eJ@ ‘eifwef - eifwef’vdk@ 0ifajym=uwmrsKd;vJ awG@&ygw,f? 'gvJ w±kwfpum; r[kwfbl;aemh? ESpfzufvHk;awmfyg/ wefygArmvdkajymwm? 'gayrJh tJ'Dpum;uvJ ‘vlvnfvkyf&m’usae w,fvdk@tm;emyg;emeJ@ ajym&ygawmhr,f? ppfwyfu tm%modrf;xm;w,f/a&G;aumufyGJudk todtrSwf rðybl;? a&G;aumufcH jynfol@udk,fpm;vS,fawGu

rvHkrvJpdwfa=umifh ‘igwdk@u tav#mhay;vdkufvdk@jynfolawGu igwdk@udk jynfol@w&m;cGif wif=u&if'kuQa&mufacs&JŒ’vdk@ qdkwmrsKd; awG;=u&SmrSmygyJ?

vkyf&rJh trsKd;om;nDvmcHudkvJ ppftm%m&Siftvdkus óudwifa&;qGJ+yD;ZGwfvkyfaew,f? 'D-csKyfygwDudkvJ òrd@e,f±Hk;awG ydwfypfw,f? qdkif;bkwfðzwf/"gwfyHkðzwf/ ±Hk;pmzdkifawGodrf;w,f? pme,fZif;orm;awGeJ@ acgif;aqmifawGukdaxmifxJxJhxm;w,f? OD;wifOD;/ a':pk/ OD;0if;wif pwJhyk*~dKvfawGudk vlxkeJ@tqufjzwfxm;w,f? 'gu ppfwyfbufrSmyg? uJ 'D-csKyfbufrSm bmav#mhp&m usefovJ? awG@qHkaqG;aEG; ('dkif,mavmh)vkyfyg? ESpfzuf pdwfcsrf;omap&ygr,f? olrem/ udk,frem +idrf;csrf;ap&r,f? aemufqHk;awmh oifykef;acs=ur,fvdk@xd ajymxm;ygw,f? tJ'Dawmh 'D-csKyfbufu bmav#mhp&m&Sdao;vJ? tJovdk ‘eifwef eifwef’ ajymwJh yk*~dKvfudk u|efawmfu 'D-csKyfrSmbmav#mhp&m &Sdawmhvdk@vJ? OuUÏ}uD;OD;atmifa&$wdk@rSm cg;0wfykqdk;yJav#mhp&m&Sdawmhw,fvdk@ ajymcJhzl;ygw,f?

aqG;aEG;yG J ac:&wm[m tcsdefapmifh&/ tcsdef,l&wwfygw,f?'gha=umifh pdwf&Snf&w,f? apmifhEdkiftusdK;&Sdqdkor_wfvm;? 'Dvdkpdwf&Snfonf;cHwmudkyJ wcsdK@u ‘udk,fhbufurSefygvsufeJ@ bma=umifhtnHhcH&wmvJ’vdk@tm;rvdk tm;r&jzpf=uygw,f? 'gu udk,fa&;udk,fwm &efjzpf=uwmrsKd;r[kwfygbl;? EdkifiHa&;yg? emp&m&Sd&if jynfolvlxkemrSmyg? acgif;aqmifcsif;pD;csif;xdk;wdkufyGJ r[kwfbl;? trdkufòydif&wJhae&mrsKd; r[kwfbl;? ZGJowWdòydif&wJhae&myg? ESpfzufpvHk;u udk,frSefw,fxifwmudk ‘cscif;’=u&wmyg?‘opPmqdk’=u&wJh yGJrsKd;/‘opPmrD;eif;yGJ’qdkwmrsKd;yg? rSefwJhvluopPmðy&ifrD;[m rylygbl;wJh? rD;eif;&J&if eif;vSnfhprf;qdk+yD; opPmqdk/ pdefac:wJhyGJyg?

3 33 33 33 33 3


[kwfuJh/ 'gvJ enf;wenf;ygyJ? bufpHku qef@usif=u&if aumif;wmygyJ/ 'gayrJhvufeuf/ vlol/ aiGa=u;/ tcsdef/ ae&m pwmawG wGufq&tHk;rSmyg? txl;pOf;pm;&rSmu 'gvJ topftqef; r[kwfbl;? wdkif;&if;om; olykefrsKd;pHkeJ@ Auywdk@[m ESpfaygif; 50 avmuf ykefuefcJh=uwmyJ? bma=umifh ratmifjrifao;ovJ?tJ'g xnfhwGuf&ygr,f? 'gjzifh bmvkyf&rvJ? 'D-csKyfu +idrf;csrf;wJhenf;/ vlxkenf;eJ@ aqG;aEG;csifwmyg? ‘'dkif,mavmh’yg? 'dkif,mavmhu csufcsif;jzpfrvmbl;?wcsKd@u pdwfr&SnfEdkifawmhbl;? 'gvJ jzpfwwfwJh obm0 ygyJ? 'gayrJh ordkif;qdkwmOHKzGqdkajymif;vJapqdk+yD; vkyfvdk@r&bl;? pdwf&Snf&rSmyJ?

ck-ppfwyf[m trsKd;om;nDvmcH ZGwfac:+yD; olvdkcsifwmudk ‘w&m;0if’jzpfzdk@ ‘rw&m;’ vkyfae&w,f? rJtrsm;qHk;&xm;wJh jynfol@udk,fpm;vS,fawGrygbl;? olwdk@pdwfóuduf xdyfacgufa&G;xm;wJh vlawGeJ@ vkyfaewmudkyJ vkyfvdk@r&Edkifatmif jzpfaew,f? olwdk@rSmvJ tcsif;csif; tm%mvk/ &mxl;vk=uvdk@pdwf0rf;uGJvmaew,f? tm%m pnf;pdrf,pfrl;&if; bk&if±l; ±l;+yD; tdk;eif; cGufeif;vJjzpfvmaew,f? rsKd;cspfol&Jaumif;wpk ppfwyfxJu xGufay:vmwmrsKd;udkvJpdk;&drf&rJh tcsdefa&mufaew,f? 'gayrJh olwdk@rSm tm;wufp&mu w±kwf/ ±k&Sm;eJ@tmpD,Hwdk@u axmufcHxm;w,f? (Armh o,HZmwawGudk ukefatmifxkwf,l=ur,f?)

'D-csKyfbufrSm trSefw&m;&Sdw,f? vlxk&Sdw,f? ukvor*~eJ@ tar&duefeJ@ Oa&myEdkifiHawG udk,fhbufu &Sdaew,f? “qdkif&Sif”ydwfqdk@r_ &Sdw,f? qdkif&SifeJ@atmifEdkifyghrvm; rar;eJ@? 'DwckxJeJ@awmh atmifEdkifrSm r[kwfbl;qdkwm aocsmw,f? 'gayrJh 'g&Sdae&if ppfwyfoduQmusaer,f? tusyftwnf;awG awG@wefoavmufawG@r,f? vHk;0 zGifhxm;wmeJ@pm&if enf;enf;yJjzpfjzpf ydwfqdk@xm;wm&Sdaewm aumif;wmygyJ? aemufqHk;awmh ESpfzuf vdyfcJwnf;vJ jzpfaew,f?ESpfzuf ‘wufr& qkwfr&’jzpfaew,f? =um&if ‘bmomv0g’ae=uwJh EdkifiHa&;pdwfr0ifpm;awmhbl;vdk@ xifae&wJh vlxk[m cg;pnf;cHae&wJh pm;0wfaea&;'kuQ/a=umuf&GHŒae&wJh 'kuQawGudk pdwfr0ifpm;vdk@ r&awmhwJhtwGuf 0kef;ueJ aygufuGJoGm;Edkifw,fqdkwm vlwdkif;awG;vdk@&w,f? ppfwyfuvJ yaxG;vrf;pOft&

vla=umufawGeJ@ rrSefwJ hvlawGrvkyf&JwJhyGJrsKd;? 'dkif,mavmhrvkyf&ifbmvkyfapcsifovJqdkawmh wcsKd@urajymwwfbl;? u|efawmfwd k @utJ'Dar;cGef;&JŒtajzawGudk =um;csifwm? =um;0if+yD; tmacsmifwmr=um;csifbl;? wcsKd@uawmh ajymw,f? vufeufeJ@ awmfvSefr,fwJh?

‘eifwef eifwef’ ajymwJh yk*~dKvfudku|efawmfu 'D-csKyfrSm bmav#mhp&m

&Sdawmhvdk@vJ? OuUÏ}uD;OD;atmifa&$wdk@rSmcg;0wfykqdk;yJav#mhp&m&Sdawmhw,fvdk@

ajymcJhzl;ygw,f?

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‘wnfhwnfhypf’rSmyJ? 'Dvrf;a=umif; ra&mufatmif vkyf&r,fhenf;uvJawG@qHkaqG;aEG;wJhenf;yJ &Sdw,f? udk,f pdwf"gwfuswmeJ@ jynfolvlxkudkawmhtjypfwif rapmvdkufaveJ@? jynfol@bufu ordkif;wm0ef rauswm&,fvdk@r&SdcJhygbl;? jynfolawG t&rf;yJaygufuGJrSmrsKd; rjzpfatmif óudwifpnf;±Hk; ae=uzdk@uawmh vkyfvdk@&wJhenf;eJ@ vkyfae=uwmvdk@ ,Hk=unfygw,f? v#KdŒ0Sufenf;,l*sDenf;aygh? tzGJ@zG J@p&m rvdkbJ/ udk,fhenf;eJ@udk,f vkyfae=u[ef&Sdwmaumif;w,f?

ckaetcgrSm ESpfzufawG@qHk tajz&SmEdkif&if ESpfzufvHk;twGuf aumif;rSmyJ? txl;ojzifh ppfwyf&JŒoduQm jyefrwfvmrSmyJ? EdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m vlqdk;*dk%f;}uD;b0u u|wfoGm;rSmyJ? 'DvdktcgrSm =um;0ifay;zdk@&m ta&;}uD;qHk;ygyJ? jrefrmhordkif; tprSmuwnf;u &Sif'domygarmuQvdk/ póudoljrwfvdk =um;0ifaqmif&Gufay;olawG &SdcJhygw,f? jrefrmhtpOftvmrSm yHhoulq&mawmf/yef;wl;}uD; oHC&mZm pwJh oHCmawmf}uD;awG =um;0ifwm &SdcJhovdk ckvJoHCmhem,u q&mawmf}uD;awGeJ@ q&m}uD;ocifudk,fawmfrd_if;&JŒ om;wynhfawGjzpf=uwJh tarvlxk a':trm/ uAsmq&m}uD; '*kefwm&m/ q&myg&*l/ q&mewfarmuf OD;bkef;ausmf/ a'gufwmvSaz/ qvdkif;xGef;oef;/ jrefrmhtvif;OD;oef;!Gef@wdk@vdk jynfolav;pm;wJh yk*~dKvfawG pkaygif;=um;0if=u&ifvufcHEdkif=urJh tajctaewdkifaeyg+yD? ppfAkdvfcsKyfawG[m b,favmufyJrdkuf±dkif;w,fqdkOD;awmh oHCmhem,u q&mawmfrsm;udkawmh zrf;qD;vkyf=uHowfjzwfwmrsKd; vkyfavmufatmif xyf+yD; rrdkuf±dkif;Edkifygbl;? 'dkif,mavmhqdkwm ArmhtpOftvmrSm r&SdcJhwm r[kwfygbl;? &Sif'dom ygarmuQupwJhyk*H tpOftvmyg? bk&m;udk,fawmfwdkifyJ a&m[eDjrpfa&vkyGJrSm v,form;awG aorukefatmif u±k%mawmfxm;+yD; =um;0ifcJhvdk@ +idrf;csrf;a&; &cJhzl;ygw,f? azyk&Sdef(1919)/ azykodrf;(1920) jrefrmjynfqdkif&m vef'ef rsufESmpHknDtpnf;ta0;yGJ (1932)/ yifvHknDvmcH(1947)/ (jynfwGif;+idrf;csrf;a&; aqG;aEG;yGJrsm;(t}udrf}udrf) vkyfcJhwmawG[m 'dkif,mavmhtpOftvmawGyJ r[kwfvm;? tpOftvmr&Sdvdk@ rvkyfaumif;bl;vdk@vJ b,fbk&m;rSra[mcJhygbl;?udk,fhvlwdk@? arwWmydk@wmudk tdrfxJausmif;xJu tjyifxGuf+yD; arwWm&yf=u&ifESpfzuf aqG;aEG;yGJ jzpfoGm;Edkifygw,f? opPmeJ@ arwWmudk ,Hk=unf+yD; onf;cHpdwf&Snf&ygvdrfhr,f? q&mawmf}uD;rsm; arwWma&SŒxm;zdk@ tm;xkwf=unfh=uygpdk@vdk@ pdwful;,Of=unfh=uygpdk@? ?

armifpGrf;&nf Ò- tm[m& pmapmif trSwfpOf (61) rwfv/ (12) &uf 2005

3 53 53 53 53 5


bmvJ[Jh ESpfzufvHk;av#mh“[dkbuf'Dbuf ESpfzufvHk;uav#mh=uyg”wJh wu,hfjyufvHk;ygvm;?

'Dpum;udk &,fp&mjyufvHk;vdk@ qdkvkduf&ayrJh wu,fhawmh &,fp&m r[kwfyg?idkcsifp&maumif;vSygw,f? wcsKd@ EkdifiHa&;ynm&Sifvdk@ olwdk@udk,folwdk@ xifae=uolawGu ajymwJhpum;yg? bmav#mh&rvJAsmæ wdk@?

cktcg jrefrmhEkdifiHa&;[m wufr&qkwfr& uef@vef@}uD;jzpfae+yDwdkif;oljynfom;awG emvSyg+yDwJh?

'Dpum;[mrSefwJhpum;rdk@ tm±Hkpdkufp&maumif;vSygw,f? [kwfuJhwufr& qkwfr&eJ@ 'kuQjzpfaeygw,f? 'gudk b,fvdkxGufayguf &Sm&rvJ/

bmvJ[Jh ESpfzufvHk;av#mh

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“[dkbuf'Dbuf/ ESpfzufpvHk;u av#mh=uyg”wJh?

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ckppfwyfu“trsKd;om;nDvmcHqdkwm}uD;”udk wzufowfvkyfaew,f?(vkyfae&Smw,f)? 'DcsKyfrygbl;? 'g[m 'DcsKyfu wif;rmovm;? 'DcsKyfutav#mhray;wmvm;? pOf;pm;=unfhyg? ppfwyf&JŒ ajcvSrf;}uD; 7 vSrf;eJ@/ajcvSrf;i,f 104 vSrf;udk =unfhyg? t&ifwcg &yfem;vkduf&wkef;uvJ 'gyJ?aemufxyfvmawmhvJ 'gyJ? bmrS av#mhrxm;bl;? olwdk@ pdwfóudufa&;xm;wJh

wcsKd@ EkdifiHa&;ynm&Sifvdk@olwdk@udk,f olwdk@ xifae=uolawGu ajymwJhpum;yg?bmav#mh&rvJAsm æ wdk@?

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“ajcvSrf;”awGyJ?1? ppftpdk;&tzGJ@rSm“ppfwyft}uD;tuJ”awGudk a&G;aumufyGJr0ifbJ xdyfu &mxl;ay;&r,f?2? 'D=um;xJ olwdk@rauseyf&if tpdk;&tzGJ@udk ppfAdkvfcsKyfu tcsdefra&G; zsufodrf;Ekdifw,f? wenf; ajym&&if &mxl;}uD;awGomru &mxl;i,fawGudkyg ppfwyfutcsdefra&G;jyef+yD; odrf;,lEkdifcGifh&Sd&r,f (0g) tm%modrf;r,f?3? jynfe,fawGudkvJ rkef@zJhau|;ovdk acgif;aqmifwpkudk enf;enf; pD;yGm;a&;vkyfcGifhay;r,f? EkdifiHa&; tm%mawmh vHk;0ray;bl;?

tJ'gawGudkwcsufrS rav#mhwJhtjyif wzufrSm&SdwJh1? 'DcsKyfacgif;aqmifawGudk zrf;xm;w,f?(Oya'rJh)2? 'DcsKyf±Hk;awGudk ydwfxm;w,f?(Oya'rJh)3? 'DcsKyfpmapmif pme,fZif;vkyfcGifhawG ydwfxm;w,f? (Oya'rJh)4? 'DcsKyfrJEkdifxm;wmudk vHk;0 todtrSwfrðybJ tm%modrf;xm;w,f?(Oya'rJh)

tJ'gawGu ppfwyfu vkyfxm;wmawG? 'DcsKyfu cHae&wmawGyg?wzufowf ESdyfpufor# cHae&wmawGyg? 'DcsKyfu w&m;0if rJEkdif tpdk;& jzpf&rSmyg? awG@qHkn‡dE_dif;ygvdk@ urBmod/ Armod/ vlod/ ewfod/ jA[Rmod qdkovdk ppfwyfudkyef=um;xm;wmyg? bmrS awG@qHkp&m rvdk? 'dkif,mavmhrvdk? ppfwyfpDpOfor#emcH&r,f? 'D=um;xJ acgif;aqmifawGudk 'DyJ,if;rSm aoa=umif;=uHvkdufao;w,f?

uJæ 'D-csKyfu av#mhr,fqdkygawmh? av#mhr,fpum;awmifajymzdk@tcGifhta&; ray;ygbl;? 'geJ@rsm; av#mhæ av#mhæ av#mh wJh? OD;vGif taeeJ@bmrSav#mhp&mr&Sdbl;? ol@vlawG onf;rcHEkdifvdk@ ajym=u/ qdk=uvkyfvm&ifppfwyfu&efrlrSmpkd;vdk@ udk,fhvlawGudkyJ xkwfypfae&&Smw,f? oem;p&myg?bmav#mh&rSmvJ? ynm&Sdw&m;ol}uD;rif;wdk@/ 'D-csKyfu bmav#mh&rSmvJ?OD;vGifrSmqdk&if av#mhp&mykqdk;yJusefygawmhw,fAsKdŒ?

armifpGrf;&nf Ò- opPmawmfvSefa&;pmayr*~Zif; trSwf (6) =o*kwf/ 2005

- tm[m&pmapmif trSwf (68) atmufwdkbm 8/ 2006

ppfwyfeJ@ trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf ('DcsKyf)? ppfwyfeJ@'DcsKyf? vlemrnfeJ@ajym&&if ckvufawG@ ajyma&;qdkcGifh

&SdaewJh AdkvfcsKyfoef;a&$eJ@ OD;vGif? b,folawGu b,fvdkwif;xm;ovJ? b,folawGu bmawGrav#mhovJ?

3 73 73 73 73 7


“xdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifr_awG rvkyfoifhbl;wJh”aeygtkH;/ b,folu b,fol@udkxdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifr_ vkyfaevdk@wHk;/ b,fol@‘xdyf’udk b,folu ‘wdkuf’aevdk@vJ?

usKyfajymyg&ap/ cifAsm;wdk@ ajymcsifwJhpum;udk usKyfem;vnfwJhtwkdif;jyefajym=unfhyg@r,f?

ck[mu“ppfwyfudk trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyfu xdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifaew,fwJh” uHeJ@ uwWm; vGJrsm;ae=u+yDxifygw,f t&yfuwdk@? u|efawmfajym&wmvJ xyfaeyg+yD? trsKd;om; 'Drkdua&pDtzGJ@csKyf('DcsKyf)rSm acgif;aqmifawG tzrf;qD;txdef;odrf;cHae&w,f? axmifxJ aoolao=uw,f/ zsm;=u em=uw,f?t±dkuftESuf txktaxmif; txdk;t}udwf tuefta=umufawG cH=u&w,f?'DcsKyftzGJ@u rJEdkif+yD;(tjywftowfEdkif+yD;)w&m;ojzifh &±Sdxm;wJh tm%mudkvHk;0rtyfbJ ppfwyfu vufeufeJ@ wdkufcdkufowfjzwf+yD; vk,lxm;w,f/ ygwD±Hk;awG ydwfxm;wm cH&ao;w,f/ 'gqdk&if b,fol@xdyfudk b,folu wdkufaeovJ? xdyfudk aoewf'ifeJ@ xkwmudk b,folawG cHae&ovJ? wcsKd@u “jynfolvlxk trsm;pku pdwfóudufa&G;+yD; rJay; tm%mtyfxm;wmudk xm;vdkufygawmh/ a&G;aumufyGJ jyefvkyfygawmhwJh/ aeygOD;jynfolvlxkw&yfvHk;u rJay;xm;wm}uD;udk b,folu b,fvdkzsufay;&rvJ/b,folrSvJ a&G;aumufyGJzsufcGifhr±Sd? tJ'gudk ppfwyfu ZGwfroda,mifaqmif+yD; a&G;aumufyGJudk todtrSwfrðybJ vkyfaewmr[kwfvm;? jyefa&G;&if ‘w&m;r#w’ygr,fvdk@ ppfwyfu tmrcHrSmvm;? b,fwkef;u tyfr,fajymvdk@vJ/ppfwyfudk tyfzdk@ajymaewm r[kwfvm;/ uJæ b,folu‘xdyfwdkuf’vkyfaeovJ? wcsKd@uvJ ppfwyfeJ@ yl;aygif;vdkufygwJh/ b,fvdk yl;aygif;+yD; bmvkyf&rSmvJ? ‘yl;owf’ygwJh? OD;odef;azjrifhvdk EdkifiHa&;orm;}uD;uawmif yl;owfzd k @ ajymcJ hao;wmwJh? yl;owfw,fqdkwm 'Drkdua&pDtpdk;&tzGJ@wGif;udk0if+yD; yl;aygif;rSom jzpfEd ki fwmyg/tm%m&SifeJ @ yl;vJ iyl;yJjzpfw,f/OD;odef;azjrifhwdk@/ ocifcspfarmifwdk@/Auy ocifwifjr/ Adkvf&JxGwfwdk@[m

bmvJ[Jh xdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifr+bmvJ[Jh xdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifr+

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bmvJ[Jh armifpGrf;&nfrqveJ@ yl;owfcJhwm atmifjrif& J Œvm;/ ud k,fy J‘towfcH’c J h&w,f r[kwfvm;/ Adkvfae0if;uxkwfypfwmapmvdk@ ajrmif;xJa&muf roGm;wmyg/ olwdk@u 7csufeJ@ tcsuf 104 csufwdk@udkvHk;0 rav#mhygbl;vdk@ ajymxm;wm yl;&ifvJ 7 csuf eJ@ tcsuf104 csufyJ&r,f/ tJ'g ,lvdkufygvdk@ wdkufwGef;+yD;‘yl;’cd kif;aewm “ppfuíefcHcdkif;wm”yJ r[kwfvm;? yl;wm rqef;bl;/ tm;&SdoleJ@ tm;rJhol yl;&if “tyl;”cH&olu “tayguf”jzpfoGm;rSmygyJ/ [dk *sDpDbDatacwfu yl;owfw,fqdk+yD; 5000 (ig;axmif)pm;&mxl;awG 0ifyl; vdkuf=uvdk@/ q&m}uD; ocifudk,fawmfr_dif;uqdk&if “awmifusa&EGm;ESpfaumif r0ovdky”qdk+yD; yl;owfwJh ol@wynfh Ed kifiHa&;orm; awGudkuavmifc|efeJ@ xdk;cJ h&ao;wmyJ? yl;owfvdk@ b,fwkef;u atmifjrifvdk@vJ?EdkifiHa&;tm%mray;bJ t±dk;t&if;udkufcGifhom ay;wmudk b,fvdk vkyf+yD; yl;owfvdk@&rSmvJ? ppfwyfudkxdyfwifay;/ “yl;”awGudk t±dk;t&if;ay;/ +yD;awmh uefxkwfwmawGjrifw,fr[kwfvm;? “yl;”cdkif;wm[m “yif;”wmygyJ? ppfwyfzuf “yif;”aewmyg?

wcsKd@u Oyrmay;w,f? vlrdkufawGeJ@pum;ajym&if wJhwJhrajymygeJ@wJh/oG,f0dkufajymygwJh? aoewfeJ@ wJhwJhypfaewJholawGudk pum;eJ@ wJhwdk;jyefajymzdk@roifhbl;wJh/ qHk;r=uw,f// 0g;vHk;udk "m;eJ@ckwf&if wJhwJhrckwf&bl;wJh/ apGapmif;av;ckwfygwJh/ oG,f0kdufajymygwJh// aeygtkH; 'Drdkua&pDay;zdk@wm0ef b,fvdkapGapmif;+yD;ajym&rvJajym? ajymenf;oifay;=uygtHk;? apwemxm;+yD; t=uHay;=uwm aus;Zl;wifp&myg// t=uHay;p&mu ESpfzuf±SdwJh[mudk bmjzpfvdk@ ppfwyfudkt=uHray;bJ/'DcsKyfudkcsnf; t=uHay;ae=u&wmvJ? 'Drdkua&pDvdkcsifw,f/ vl@tcGifhta&;vdkcsifw,f/ vGwfvyfa&;vdkcsifw,f/ tJ'Dpum;awGudk oG,f0dkuf+yD; b,fvdkajym&rvJ//xdyfwdkufrjzpfatmifajymenf;av; pOf;pm;ay;=uyg?

“[dk[mvdkcsifw,f”vdk@ ajym&rvm;/“[dk'if;vdkcsifw,f”vkd@ ajym&rvm;?oDv&Sif bJOaysmufovdkajym&rvm;? udk,fhvlwdk@ t=uHay;wm aus;Zl;wifw,f?'gayrJh ppfwyfudkvJ wJhwJhrypfzdk@ t=uHay;ygtHk;/ apmif;ypfygvdk@// ppfwyfuawmhwJhwJhajymwmvJróuduf/ apmif;ajymwmvJ róudufygbl;// ajym=unfhygvm;?

armifpGrf;&nf Ò azazmf0g&D 27/ 2005

- tm[m&pmapmif trSwfpOf (51) arv 8/ 2005

“[dk[mvdkcsifw,f”vdk@ajym&rvm;“[dk'if;vdkcsifw,f”vkd@ ajym&rvm;?oDv&SifbJOaysmufovdkajym&rvm;?

udk,fhvlwdk@ t=uHay;wm aus;Zl;wifw,f?'gayrJh ppfwyfudkvJ wnfhwnfhrypfzdk@

t=uHay;ygtHk;/ apmif;ypfygvdk@//

3 93 93 93 93 9


jrefrmEdkifiHtpdk;&&JŒ 0ef}uD;tzGJ@rSm &mxl;av;yHkwyHkudk ppfwyfua&G;aumufyGJr0ifbJ olwkd@udk ay;ygwJh? wusyf&JŒ av;yHkwyHkqdkwm wrwfom;yg?'ga=umifh owif;pmq&m}uD; a=u;rHkOD;aomif;u “wrwfom; ygvDref”vdk@r=umc%ac:wm =um;&ygw,f?

bma=umifh‘wrwfom;’udk vdkcsif&ovJ? olwdk@ppfwyf qifajcuwdkif;jynfudk t&yfom;awG tkyfcsKyf&if rtkyfcsKyfwwfvdk@ acsmufxJuszdk@tajctaeukd r=umc% a&mufa&mufoGm;&w,fwJh? acsmufxJuscgeD;vufwvHk;tvdkudka&mufwdkif; ppfwyfu r=umc%u,fu,f&wm 'kuQrsm;owJh? 'ga=umifh wcgwnf;u,fwifwJh taeeJ@ Armhtem*wfrSm ppfwyfuyJxm0&/ tpOft+rJ/ vufrv$wfwrf;(ajcrºuGwrf;) tkyfcsKyfrSjzpfawmhr,fwJh?‘'Drdkua&pD’ay;wJhtaeeJ@ a&G;aumufyGJvkyfay;r,f? t&yfom;awGyJ a&G;aumufyGJ 0if=u? ppfwyfua&G;aumufyGJr0ifbJ 0ef}uD;tzGJ@&JŒav;yHkwyHkudkyJ olwdk@udkay;ygwJh? tukefrawmif;bl; avmbr}uD;bl;aygh? 'gayrJh tck,lxm;wmwusyfom;yg?

“a&G;aumufyGJr0ifbJ”qdkwJhpum;udk owdðyrd=urSmyg? a&G;aumufyGJ[m'Drdkua&pD&JŒ ta&;}uD;wJh udpPyJ? a&G;aumufyGJr&Sd&if 'Drdkua&pD r&Sdbl;aygh?a&G;aumufyGJr0ifbJ tm%mtpdwftydkif;wckudk vdkcsifw,fqdkwmu 'Drdkua&pDeJ@ qef@usifwJhtjyif/ ppfwyf[molwdk@udk,folwdk@ jynfol&JŒ tqHk;tjzwfukdrcH&Jvdk@qdkwJh t"dy`m,fa&mufygw,f? owWd&Sd&if udk,fhudk,fudk,f ,Hk=unf&ifa&G;aumufyGJ0if+yD; jynfol&JŒtqHk;tjzwfudk cH&J&ygr,f?

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rcH&Jvdk@qdkwJh t"dym,fa&mufygw,f?

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awGjzpfaew,f r[kwfvm;? EdkifiHa&;orm;uawmh t,ltq n‡dr,f? róuduf&if r[efbl;qdk&if av;ESpf=umawmh a&G;aumufyGJeJ@ ðzwfcsz,f&Sm;vdk@ &w,fav?ppfwyfuawmhjzpfEdkif&if woufvHk;tkyfcsKyf+yD; EdkifiHawmf&JŒ tqDtESpfawGudk0g;rsKdpkyfoGif;aecsifwmudk;? 'ga=umifhvJ wdkif;jynfacsmufxJuszdk@ vufwvHk;tvdkudk a&mufoGm;&wm r[kwfvm;? 'ga=umifh jynfolu toufaoG;ac|;eJ@&if;+yD;z,f&Sm;zdk@ tm;xkwf=u&wm r[kwfvm;? òrd@tkyfrif;u,frS axmifvHk;vHk;usqdkovdk ppfwyfu,frS trGJqHk;Ed kifiH/ owif;vGwfvyfcGif h r&S dqHk;Ed kifiH/vl@tcGifhta&; r&SdqHk; EdkifiHtjzpf usqif;oGm;&w,f r[kwfvm;?

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ckawmif;wJh wrwfom;qdkwmuaum bmvJ? tif'k deD;&Sm; b,fvrf;av#mufvdk@ b,fblwm a&mufoGm;ovJ? AdkvfcsKyfql[mwkd&JŒ vrf;tdkvrf;ysufudk ArmAdkvfcsKyfawGu vdkufaewmyJ? tqHk;usawmh AdkvfcsKyfql[mwdkvdk jzpfoGm;&rSmygyJ? wrwfom;qdk+yD; ta&;}uD;qHk;xdyfwef;&mxl;awGudkawmif;xm;wm owdðyrd=urSmyg? 0ef}uD;csKyf/ umuG,fa&;0ef}uD;/ jynfxJa&;0ef}uD;vdk[mudk awmif;wmyg? u|efawmfwdk@ Armh±kd;&mvlxkyHkjyifrSm nDtukdESpfa,muf tarGcGJwJhyHkjyif&Sdygw,f? tpfudk}uD;u “nDav;&m/ rcGJbJ twlae=u+yD; tarGypPnf;awGudk wvSnfhpDr#wcGJa0 oHk;pGJ=uwmayghwJh? apmifudk aqmif;wGif;rSm tudk}uD;,lr,f/ aEGusawmhnDav;,l”wJh? “Edk@pm; EGm;r}uD;udkawmh a&S›ydkif;udknDav;,l/ tudk}uD;u aemufydkif;yJ,lyghr,f”wJh?“ jrufau|;awmh nDav;ayghEdk@n‡pfawmhtudk}uD;”vdk@ qdkvdkwmyg? 'DvkdygyJ ppfwyfu jynfoleJ@ tm%mcGJa0&mrSm olwdk@u av;yHkwyHkqdkwJh wrwfom;udk awmif;wmrSef; tvGefwHk;wJh

tkyfcsKyfwmr[efbl; rtkyfcsKyfwwfbl;wJh?[kwfuJhvm;? olwdk@ ta=umif;jywmu EkdifiHa&;orm;awG rnD!Gwf=uvdk@ wdkif;jynf}uD; òyduGJ+yD; acsmufxJuszd k @ r=umc%óuH&owJh?[kwfuJh/ rnD!Gwf=uwm trSefyg? rnD!Gwf=uwm obm0yg? rdom;pkwpkrSmawmifwa,mufeJ@wa,mufnD!Gwfzd k @ cufygw,f? olwd k @ppfwyfrSmvJ Ad kvfae0if;eJ @Adkvfatmif}uD;/ Adkvfoef;a&$eJ@Adkvfcif!Gef@/Adkvfcif!Gef@eJ@AdkvfwifOD;wdk@ b,frSm nD!Gwf=uvdk@vJ? c%c%wyfwGif; tm%modrf;r_

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r[kwfvm;?

4 14 14 14 14 1


ppfAdkvfawmif rw&m;rSef;odomygw,f? wu,fu wrwfom;qdkwm wckvHk;(wusyfom;) udkawmif;aewmyg? bkef;}uD;ausmif;u aomufa&uefrSmav;yHkwyHkawmif;+yD; ajcaq;zdk@ =uHolvdkygyJ?

wcsKd@uvJ enf;&Sm=unfh=uw,f? av;ESpfavmuffoufwrf;xm;+yD;wrwfom;ay;=unfhaygh? aemufav;ESpfus ig;rl;om; aemufav;ESpfuswpfyJom; tJovdkppfwyfqD uwdawmif;+yD; wjznf;jznf;av#mhoGm;ayghwJh?w,fcufygvm; [±kdŒ? tckqdk&if wusyfom;ay;+yD; aygif;ay;&wmudku

av;ESpfaygif; av;}udrf&SdcJh+yD? av;ESpfav;}udrfqdkwm“ESpfcd&Sm ESpfcg&Sd”cJhyg+yD?tazu“orD;&,f av;ESpfavmufaygif;=unfhaygh róuduf&ifuGmaygh”qdkovdkjzpfae+yD? ck[mu rkqdk;zdk/ "m;jyAdkvf/ t&uform;rSef;od&ufeJ@ av;ESpfavmufaygif;=unfh&rvkd jzpfraebl;vm;? olwdk@&JŒ wrwfom;udk“uGefrGef;qifh” (com-mon sense)t&yfom;awG; awG;=unfhwmygAsm? ppfom;awG;vJ r[kwf/ynm&SdawG;vJ r[kwfygbl;? tvdkav;[Jh wrwfom;? bmvJ[Jh wrwfom;?

armifpGrf;&nf Ò2006 =o*kwf 25

- tm[m&pmapmif trSwfpOf (67) pufwifbm 10/ 2006- opPmawmfvSefa&;pmayr*~Zif; trSwf (11) Edk0ifbm/ 2006

olwdk@&JŒ wrwfom;udk“uGefrGef;qifh”(common sense)t&yfom;awG;awG;=unfhwmygAsm? ppfom;awG;vJr[kwf/ ynm&SdawG;vJ r[kwfygbl;?

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EdkifiHwumrSm ppftm%m&SifawG t=urf;zufzdESdyftkyfcsKyfaevdk@ 'Drdkua&pDr&Sd/ vl@tcGifhta&; r&Sdjzpfae&if wjcm;EdkifiHwEdkifiH/ 'grSr[kwf EdkifiHtrsm;utJ'D tm%m&Siftkyfpkd;wJh EdkifiHukd ta&mif;t0,f rvkyfbl;/ toGm;tvm rvkyfbl;/ &if;ESD;jr‡KyfESHr_ rvkyfbl;/ tm%m&SifawGudkvJ jynf0ifcGifhADZm ray;bl;?tJovdkrqufqHbl;qdk+yD; '%fcwfOya'jyÏmef;+yD; rqufqHpwrf; vkyfwmudk“qef&Sif”vkd@ t*Fvdyfvdkac:wm r[kwfvm;? tar&duefjynfaxmifpku ppfwyftkyfpdk;aewJh Armjynfudk tJovdk rqufqHpwrf; Oya'jyÏmef;xm;ygw,f?

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'Dawmh &Spfav;vHk;vli,fu “t=uyfudkifwmawmh[kwfyg&JŒ/ =uyfwmujynfolawGr[kwfvm;”wJhæ u|efawmfu“at;æ jynfolawG =uyfwmrSefw,f? 'gayr,fh ppftpdk;&rSmvJ &if;ESD;jr‡KyfESH olawGrvm/ urBmvSnfhc&D;onfawGtvmenf;awmh oduQmuswJhjyif aiGa=u;&vrf;&aygufawGvJ ydwfukefwmaygh/tpdk;&vJ t=uyfawG@wmaygh? jynfol=uyfwnf;wmuawmh qef&Sifrvkyfcifuwnf;u =uyfwnf;vdk@ trGJqHk;EkdifiHtjzpf a'0gvDcHcJh&wm r[kwfvm;? qef&Sifvkyfvdk@ tckrS=uyfwnf;oGm;wm r[kwfbl;av? aumif;yg+yD tckrSyJ =uyfwnf;

bmvJ[Jh qef&SifbmvJ[Jh qef&Sif

4 34 34 34 34 3


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armifpGrf;&nf Ò2006 =o*kwf21

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ysufwmygyJ?tpdk;&awGeJ@ywfoufvdk@ ArmawG&JŒ

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“'Dzufwdk”tpdk;&vdk@ ac:w,f xifyg&JŒ?

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tif;æu|efawmfwdk@ jrefrmpm/ jrefrmpum;rSm EdkifiHjcm;pum;vHk;awGvJawmfawmfrsm;vmae+yD? zufqpfwJh/ 'Drdkua&pDwJh/ uGefjrLepfwJh/ qdk&S,fvpfwJh/zuf'&,fwJh? bkrod brodeJ@ pum;vHk;csif; rdwfzufjzpfvdkuf/ &efzufjzpfvdkufeJ@ygyJ? 'Drkdua&pDqdkwm acgr/ a&mr pum;wJhAs? zufqpf qkdwmuvJ tDwvDqdkvm;/*smr%Dqdkvm;// ckoHk;vmjyefwJh “'Dzufwdk”/ “'D*sL;&D;” qdkwmawG uawmh vufwifpum;qdk xifyg&JŒ? Adkvfae0if;vkyfvdk@ zuf'&,fqdkwm cGJa&;vm; wGJa&;vm;rodbJcHvkduf&+yD;+yDav? 1962 u ul'Dwmvkyfvdkufwm 1988 txdqdkawmh ESpfaygif;tpdwf oHk;q,f?

ckwcg trsK d;om;'Drd kua&pDtzG J @csKyfu ppftpd k;&[m w&m;r0ifbJ“'Dzufwdk”jzpfaewmudk =um;jzwfw&m;0iftpdk;&tjzpf (pyful;rwful;) w&m;0iftpdk;&tjzpf owfrSwfay;r,f? “'D*sL;&D;” jzpfatmifvkyfay;r,fvdk@ urf;vSrf;a=unmwmudk owif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJwckrSm t&Snfrar#mfrSef;bJ/ ausmfqef;u tawmf&rf;oGm;cJ hygw,f? bmrSta=umif;rjyefbJ 'D-csKyf[m w&m;r0ifolawGeJ@qufoG,fwm awG@&w,fvdk@ jyL;jyL;+yJ+yJ xyfvkyfaejyef w,f? “iz,fvefuajymif;jyef ykd;vdk; yufvufvef”qdkwmvdk vkyfaejyefw,f? 'Dzufwdkqdkwm olwdk@yJ?w&m;r0ifbJ tm%m vkxm;wmvJ 'if;wdk@yJ? tJ'g rsufESmajymif wdkuf+yD;olrsm;awGud k w&m;r0ifolawGwJ h? trsK d;om;!¸ef @aygif;tpd k;&qd kwma&m/v $ w f a w m f u d k , f p m ; ð y a u m f r w DqdkwmawGa&m tm;vHk;[m jynfolvlxkua&G;aumufyGJeJ@ a&G;cs,fxm;wJh yk*~dKvfawGeJ@zGJ@pnf;xm;wmawGyg? w&m;0iforS odyf0ifvd k @qd k&rSmyg? w&m;r0ifwmu olwdk @yg?ppftm%m&SifawGyg?

jynfyu vlawGuvJ tm;vHk;[m

'Dzufwdkqdkwmolwdk@yJ? w&m;r0ifbJtm%m vkxm;wmvJ 'if;wdk@yJ? tJ'grsufESmajymifwdkuf+yD; olrsm;awGudk

w&m;r0ifolawGwJh?

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+i dr f ;c sr f ;a&;orm;awGyg? a'gufwm p de f0i f ; wd k @ / a':pe f ;pe f ; wd k @qd kwm¶kyf&Sifum;awGxJrSmyJ AHk;awG/ 'kH;awG/ aoewfawGudk jrifzl; =u&wmyg? Armod/urBmodyg? olwdk@[m t=urf;rzufol/ +idrf;csrf;a&;orm;awGyg? bkef;}uD;utpausmif;om;tqHk; vrf;v,facgifrSm vltkyfeJ@¶kdufowf/ aoewfeJ@ ypfowfaewJhvlawGu olwyg;udk t=urf;zuform;vdk@ pGyfpJGwmvJ 21 &mpk&JŒ urBmh[mo}uD;/urBm h jyufvH k ; }uD; jzp faeyg +y D ? ' D-cs Ky fud k uGe f jrLep fe J @ aygi f ;owJ h ? tckw¶kwfuGefjrLepfeJ@ aygif;aewm b,folawGvJ/ urBmu odygw,f?

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“ty`rma'e/ or`ma'x”? “or*~geH/ wayg/ okacg”

armifpGrf;&nf Ò 3/ {+yD/ 2006

bkef;}uD;utp ausmif;om;tqHk; vrf;v,facgifrSmvltkyfeJ@¶kdufowf/ aoewfeJ@ ypfowfaewJh vlawGuolwyg;udk t=urf;zuform;vdk@ pGyfpJGwmvJ 21 &mpk&JŒ

urBmh[mo}uD;/ urBmhjyufvHk;}uD; jzpfaeyg+yD?

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bmvJ[Jh “'D*sL;&D;”bmvJ[Jh “'D*sL;&D;”

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5 15 15 15 15 1


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ckvdk a':atmifqef;pk=unfu 'Drdkua&pDa&;twGuf ta&;awmfyHk

6 36 36 36 36 3


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armifpGrf;&nf Ò 11 &uf/ Zlvdkif/2005? e,l;a,muf

- tm[m&pmapmif trSwfpOf (57)Edk0ifbmv/ (6) &uf 2005

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“vlxkacgif;aqmif”vdk@ a':pkudk usKyfwdk@u+rdef&nf,Suf&nf ac:qdkw,f?

ordkif;ay;acgif;aqmif? ta&;awmfyHkuarG;xkwfwJh acgif;aqmif? 'Drdkua&pD

udk,fpm;ðyacgif;aqmif?

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armifpGrf;&nf Ò 8 ZGef 2006 e,l;a,muf

- tm[m& pmapmif trSwfpOf (65)Zlvdkif/ (9) &uf 2006

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armifpGrf;&nf Ò Zlvdkkif 21/ 2005/ e,l;a,muf

- tm[m& pmapmif trSwfpOf (55)pufwifbmv/ (11) &uf 2005

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armifpGrf;&nf Ò 17 ar 2006

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8 98 98 98 98 9


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armifpGrf;&nf Ò 5 ZGef 2006 e,ll;a,muf?

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“t&if;&SifEdkifiHu pme,fZif;oabmw&m;awG ravhvm&if qdk&S,fvpfEdkifiHawG oGm;avhvm&rSmvm;? b,frSmvJ cifAsm;wdk@ qdk&S,fvpfEdkifiHqdkwm”vdk@ u|efawmfhudk jyefar;=u&ifvJ u|efawmftajz& tawmf=uyfrSmygyJ? u|efawmfajymcsifwmu tus,f}uD;/ trsm;}uD;awmh r[kwfvSygbl;?tajctaeudk enf;enf;yg;yg; oHk;oyf=unfhrdvdk@yg? tenf;qHk;awmh t&if;&Sifr[kwfwJh EdkifiHawGupme,fZif;qdkif&m “tufopf”yJ qdkygawmh? q&mh q&m}uD;awG&JŒ tawG@tñuHawGeJ@ tqdktrdef@awGudk avhvmod&Sdxm;=uzdk@ygyJ? ,kwfpGtqHk; udk,fhEdkifiHArmjynfu q&m}uD; ocifudk,fawmfrd_if;/q&m}uD;a&$Oa'gif;/ 'D;'kwfOD;bcsdK/ OD;ykuav;/ ol&d, OD;odrf;armif/ vlxkOD;vS/ vlxk a':trm/ OD;0if;wif/OD;xif}uD;/ armifxif/ OD;cifarmifvwf/ a':cifrsKd;cspf/ *sme,fausmfrrav;/ a=u;rHk OD;aomif;/ jrefrmhtvif; OD;oef;!Gef@/ vlxkarmifopfvGif/ vlxkarmifrJ/ vlxkpdef0if;/ ,lyDtdkif OD;boef;/ OD;,karmif/umwGef; OD;b*srf;/ OD;azodef;pwJh pme,fZif;orm;awG&JŒ pmawGudk avhvmpkaqmif;=u/ usrf;ðy=u&ifjrefrmh owif;pmq&mwdk@&JŒ owif;pm0g'awG/ pme,fZif;tufopfawG xGufvmrSmrvGJygbl;? uJ æ aemufqHk;wckyJ ajymygawmhr,f? pme,fZif;tufopfxJuayghAsm? “rD'D,morm;[mbufrvdkufbl;”qdkwJh pum;ygyJ? u|efawmfwdk@ jynfya&mufvmwJhtcg u|efawmfwdk@&JŒ pmaytawG@tñuH/ b0tawG@tñuHawGudk yGifhyGifhvif;vif; wifjycGifh&vdk@ u|efawmfwdk@ 0rf;om=u&w,f?toHv$ifhXmeawGrSm tywfpOf yHkrSefajym =u&wmvJ &Sdovdk/ zkef;eJ@ AsL;=uwmawGvJ &Sdygw,f?(bDbDpDuvGJ+yD; AsL;a=u;/ AsL;cray;bJ acgif;yHkjzwfae=uwmawGudk aemifrSajymygr,f? udk,f,Hk=unf&majymcGifh&wmeJ@ acsvdkufygw,f?) tJovdk a&;=u&/ ajym=u&wJhtcgrSm owif;orm;awGu u|efawmfwdk@ ajymwm róuduf&if “q&ma&/ u|efawmfwdk@ rD'D,morm;qdkwm bufrvdkuf&bl;”qdkwJh pum;eJ@

9292929292


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rD'D,mtufopfu bufvdkuf&ygw,f? rSefwJhbuf/ w&m;wJhbuf/ 'Drdkua&pDbuf/ zdESdyfcHjynfolbuf?

bufrvdkufzl;qdkwJh pum;u vSyayr,fh r=um;csif/ r=um;yg&apeJ@? ?

armifpGrf;&nf ÒZefe0g&D 17/ 2006e,l;a,muf

- tm[m&pmapmif trSwfpOf (60) azazmf0g&Dv (5)&uf 2005

rD'D,mtufopfubufvdkuf&ygw,f? rSefwJhbuf/w&m;wJhbuf/ 'Drdkua&pDbuf/

zdESdyfcH jynfolbuf?

9 39 39 39 39 3


'DESpf 2006 ckESpfxJrSmyJ ADGtdkatu pum;0kdif;wckrSm owif;orm;wdk@&JŒoabmeJ@ ywfoufwJh pum;0kdif;wckudk yg0ifaqG;aEG;cGifhñuHcJhygw,f? ADGtdkatu udkcifarmifpdk;ar;wmudk owif;pmeJ@ywfoufwJh vloHk;OD;u ajzygw,f? Armowif;or*~u udkarmifarmifjrifh&,f/ u|efawmf&,f/ wjcm;u|efawmfeJ@odyfrodwJh vlwOD;&,fyg0ifygw,f? vlxkpdef0if; vludk,fwdkifyg0ifaqG;aEG;wm r[kwfayrJht&ifuodrf;xm;wJh ol@toHwckudk zGifhjywm yg0ifygw,f?

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'Dae&mrSm &Jabmfoli,fcsif;vlxkpdef0if; ajymzl;wmwckudk owd&ygw,f? bufvdkufw,fqdkwm owif;tcsuftvuf/ tjzpftysufawGudkwifjy&mrSm udk,fvdkcsifwJhbufudk qGJa&;oifhw,fvdk@ajymwm r[kwfygbl;wJh/ Oyrm um;wkdufr_wck&JŒ owif;udkazmfjyw,fqdk&if xHk;pHtwkdif; b,fae&m/

bmvJ[Jh owif;orm;bmvJ[Jh owif;orm;

9494949494


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aemufwcku trSwfrxifbufvkdufwmrsKd;yg? txufrSm ajymcJhovdk “ygwDEkdifiHa&; uif;&Sif;w,f”qdkwJh pum;rsKd;udkoHk;rd&if 'g[m ppftpdk;& etz u txl;oHk;wJhpum;yg? wu,fawmh EkdifiHa&;qdkwm ygwDtzGJ@tpnf;r&SdbJ vkyfvdk@r&ygbl;? ppfwyfu “ygwDEkdifiHa&;”qdkwmudk “trsKd;om;EkdifiHa&;”qdkwm&JŒ qef@usifbufvdk@ajymcsifwmyg? “ygwDEkdifiHa&;”qdkwJh a0g[m&udkoHk;&if “ppfwyfEkdifiHa&;”qdkwJh a0g[m&udkvJ oHk;&ayvdrfhr,f? ygwDEkdifiHa&;uif;&Sif;a=umif; a=unm&if ppfwyfEkdifiHa&;eJ@vJ uif;&Sif;a=umif; a=unm&awmhrSmyJ? wu,fawmh 'Dvdkpum;awGeJ@yJ owif; pmrl0g'a=unmp&m rvdkygbl;? a=unmvJ r,Hkbl;? udk,fra=unmvJ udk,fhowif;pmu bmqdkwm wae@uspmzwfy&dowfu odvmrSmygyJ?

wcsKdŒowif;pmu uGefjrLepf/ autdkifat/ autif'DtdkpwJh vufeufudkif+yD; tpdk;&eJ@ wzufwvrf;u ykefuefjcm;em;aeolawGudk tpdk;&uac:wJhtwdkif; “aomif;usef;ol/ a&mifpHkolykefawG”pojzifh oHk;wwfovdk wcsKdŒu“awmfvSefa&;orm;awG”vdk@ oHk;wwfygw,f? 'gvJ bufvdkufwmwrsKd;ygyJ? ‘trsKd;om;opPmazmuf’/ ‘jynfajy;’/ ‘ykqdef±kd;’qdkwmawGvJ bufvkdufwJh ppftpdk;&pum;vHk;awGyg? owif;orm;u trSwfwrJh roHk;oifhygbl;? óudufwJhbufvkduf+yD; oHk;vdku oHk;Ekdif

9 59 59 59 59 5


ygw,f? pum;aemufw&m;yg pum;xJu Zmwdjyqdkwm owdxm;zdk@ygyJ?aemufwcku owif;wckudk xnfhoifhrxnfhoifh qHkk;jzwfyHkygyJ? a,bk,stm;jzifh jynfolvlxk

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armifpGrf;&nf Ò 5 pufwifbm 2006

9696969696


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armifpGrf;&nf Ò jynfol@tjrif 4 ar 2006

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ajrmufudk&D;,m; axmufvSrf;a&;orm;awG[m tvGefnHhygw,f? olwdk@utmZmenfae@rSm Armxdyfwef; acgif;aqmifawGu tmZmenfaus;Zl;&SifawGudkrarhravsmh vma&muf*g&0ðy=ur,fvdk@ xifxm;yHk&ygw,f? EkdifiHjcm;{nfhonfawG

bmvJ[Jh tmZmenfbmvJ[Jh tmZmenf

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udkvJ tmZmenfAdrmefudk ydk@ay;=uavmufatmif ,Ofaus;r,fvdk@ xifxm;yHk&ygw,f? Armjynf ppftm%m&SifawGrSm *g&0 ed0gww&m; r&Sd=uawmhbl;? Adkvfae0if;wdk@ wcgrStav;rðyzl;bl;? AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;qdkwm vGwfvyfa&;zcif/wyfrawmf&JŒzcifqdkwm arhypfcsif=uw,f? jynfolawGudkvJ aus;Zl;arhzdk@ ZGwfvkyfaew,f? 'gudk udk&D;,m;wdk@rod/ t&ifuawmh atmifqef;yHkukd aiGwusyfwefrSmyJcsefxm;w,f? atmifqef;udk olawmif;pm;&JŒcGufxJrSmyJ jrifcGifh&atmifvkyfcJh&muckawmh vHk;0azsmufypf=u+yD; ysOf;rem;=uyfajy;rSm atmifqef;a=u;±kyf/ atmifqef;aps;/ atmifqef;vrf;qdkwm awG@&SdrSm r[kwfbl;? vrf;qHk vrf;r vrf;av;cGrSmAdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;oef;a&$&JŒ a=u;±kyfudk tD&wfrSm qwf'ef[lpdefa=u;±kyfvdk vkyfxm;rvm; rodbl;? (vkyfxm;&if aumif;r,f/ aemiftcg vJyif;óud;uGif;pGyf+yD; qGJòzdcs&wmaygh?)

wu,fawmh ocifudk,fawmfr_dif;/ AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;/ AdkvfAxl;/ OD;oef@wdk@vdkyk*~dKvfawG&JŒ tkwf*lawG/ ausmuf±kyf/ a=u;±kyfawG[m vrf;qHkwumrSm &Sdae&rSmyg?ckawmh &Sd+yD;om;awGudkawmif vkdufzsufae=uav&JŒ? tmZmenfqdkwJh*k%fudka&mtvGefyJ remvdkjzpfae[ef&Sdygw,f? u|efawmfwdk@ rE Wav;rSmqdk&if tmZmenfAdrmef&Sdaewmudk vlrod=uawmhbl;? ck tmZmenfvrf;ac:wJh 26 bDvrf;ay:rSm1938 ckESpf oydwf/ (1300 jynfh ta&;awmfyHkumv)u csDwufqENjyvm=uwJhoHCmawmf/ ausmif;om;awGudk t*Fvdyfta&;ydkifu aoewfeJ@ ypfowfwm;qD;vdk@tmZmenf 17 OD; usqHk;cJ h&w,f? usqHk;ol 12 ESpf&G,f ausmif;om;av;armifwifatmifqdkwm a&mifaypl;av;eJ@yg? &efukefrSm Adkvfatmifausmfwa,muftoufay;cJhwmudk rEœav;u 17 a,muf qufvuftoufay;cJhygw,f? tJ'D*lAdrmefudk cktcg csKHEG,fydwfaygif;eJ@ jrifraumif;atmifjzpfaeyg+yD? rEœav;eJ@tr&yl&oGm;vrf;ab;rSm&Sdwmudkawmif vlrodawmhygbl;? tJ'Dwkef;u“wyfrawmf”qdkwmwaumifw+rD;rS r&Sdao;bl;? oHCmeJ@ ausmif;om;awGuyJ toufpGef@cJh=uwmav?ckawmh olwdk@ ppfom;awGomv#if EkdifiH&JŒaus;Zl;&SifwJh? EkdifiHtkyfcsKyfa&;rSm olwkd@ygrSjzpfrSmwJh? awmif;jcif;awmif;&if oHCmeJ@ausmif;om;u awmif;&rSmayghaemf?

vGwfvyfa&;&cgeD; 1947 *sLvkdif 19 rSm usqHk;cJhwm tmZmenftm;vHk;9 OD;yg? t"duvkyf=uHwmuawmh zqyv OuUÏOD;atmifqef;udkyg? vkyf}uHcH&olawGxJrSm ppfAdkvfawG rygbl;? *VKefapmu yk*~dKvfa&;remvkdr_eJ@ vkyf=uHcJhwJh '%f&m'%fcsuftusKd;quf[m usqHk;wJhtxJu 'D;'kwfOD;bcsKdqdkwm trsKd;om;aumvdyfrSm b}uD;r_dif;eJ@twl jrefrmpmq&mvkyfawmh vcrrSefvkd@ rpm;avmuf raomufavmufjzpfaecsdefrSm "mwkxGufukefawGxkwfvkyf toufqufcJh&olyg? "gwkaA'udkvJ vufawG@ toHk;csEkdifatmifwwfygw,f? 'D;'kwfOD;bcsKdqdkwm jrefrmpmjrefrmr_ynm&Sif tc|eftrGefyk*~Kdvf}uD;wOD;yg/ ygoGm;&Smygw,f? q&m}uD;csKd[m0dZ…mynm&Sif/ tEkynm&SifjzpfayrJh wuUodkvfrSm ody`H,lcJ holyg? ArmawGudk

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+yD;aemuftcgrSm OD;odef;azjrifheJ@ OD;atmifqef;wdk@vJ yg0ifa&;om;vm=uygw,f?'D;'kwf*sme,fxkwfrS “'D;'kwfOD;bcsKd”trnf&vmcJhwmyg? 0wˆK/ uAsmawGvJa&;ygw,f? pmajymif pmavSmifawGvJ a&;ygw,f? r[m*DwudkvJ wnf;jzwfcJhygw,f? Armacgif;aygif;eJ@ cg;awmifajr‡mifatmifusKduf+yD;awmhvJ “pudwf”pD;cJhygw,f? t*FvdyfawG rsufvHk;jyL;atmifpD;jyEkdifwmyg?

ocifjrqdk&if q&mpHolykefup+yD; emrnfxGufvmolyg? q&mpHbufua&SŒaevdkufcJh&mu EkdifiHa&;avmurSm ocifjzpfvmygw,f? zufqpfawmfvSefa&;ajratmufacgif;aqmif}uD;wOD;ygyJ? OD;&mZwfeJ@ OD;b0if;wdk@uawmh trsKd;om;ausmif;u ausmif;tkyf}uD;awGyg? ajzmifhrwfwnf=unf+yD; udk,fusKd;pGef@vkyfcJh=uwJhrsKd;cspfEkdifiHa&;orm;}uD;awGtjzpf ausmf=um;ygw,f? p0fpHxGef;wdk@ ref;bckdifwdk@qdkwmvJ usOf;ajrmif;wJh rsKd;cspfpdwf"mwfudkc0gcs+yD; jynfaxmifpk}uD;xlaxmifa&;rSmAdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;eJ@twl vufwGJyl;aygif;aqmif&GufolawGtjzpf jynfolu av;pm;cJh&olawG jzpfygw,f?

AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;&JŒ EdkifiHa&;acgif;aqmifyDor_/ EkdifiHa&;okcrdef*k%fajrmufr_u tJovdk pGrf;aqmifr_ toD;oD;&Sd=uwJh jynfcspfEkdifiHa&;orm;}uD;awGudk &SmazGa&G;cs,fpkpnf;+yD; OD;aqmifEkdifr_pGrf;&nfygyJ? vlwOD;&JŒ twW}uD;r_ tjrifusOf;ajrmif;r_awGa=umifh 'Dvkdt&nftcsif;aygif;pHkeJ@ jynfh0wJhvlpk}uD; wpkvHk;udk acgif;aqmifolygwygwnf; qHk;±_H;oGm;&yHk[m tvGefa=uuGJ0rf;enf;p&m aumif;vSygw,f?

Adk kvfcsKyfatmifqef;[m t=urf;zuftkyfcsKyfwJh zufqpf*syeftpdk;&udkt=urf;zuf+yD; vufeufudkifawmfvSefcJhw,f? jzpfEkdif&if wkdif;jynf&JŒtem*wfa&;/jynfolawG epfemqHk;±_H;r_rjzpfa&;twGuf aphpyfaqG;aEG;wJh 'dkif,mavmhenf;udkpepfwusjyifqif+yD; pdwf&Snfvuf&SnftoHk;csygw,f? acwfopfordkif;rSm t*Fvdyftpdk;&eJ@ pm;yGJ0kdif;xkdif+yD;aqG;aEG;cJhwJh OD;atmifqef;&JŒ “'kdif,mavmhtpOftvm”[mtvGef}uD;rm;cJhygw,f? yifvHkpmcsKyf[mvJ vGwfvyfa&;twGuf wHwm;cif;ay;±Hkru'Drdkua&pD jynfaxmifpktwGufvJ tkwfjrpfcsay;cJhwm r[kwfvm;? yifvHkpmcsKyfudkvJ'dkif,mavmhac: aphpyfaqG;aEG;enf;eJ@yJ csKyfqdkEkdifcJhwm r[kwfvm;?

AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;[m wyfrawmf&JŒzcifyg? ol&JŒppfaoemywd&mxl;udk

tdkif;pwkdif;&JŒ E_dif;&"rRudk Ak'<&JŒ a[wkypPa,m0g'eJ@ E_ di f;,SOfrdwfqufay;cJ holyg? 'D;'kwf*sme,fwnfaxmif+yD;vGwfvyfa&;wdkufyGJ0ifcJhvdk@ 'D;'kwfOD;bcsKdtrnfwGifygw,f?

'D;'kwf*sme,fqdkwm trsKd;om;aumvdyfysufrS xlaxmifwmyg? q&m}uD;csKd&JŒ wynfh&if; OD;Ekudk ta=umif;ðy

Armjynf ppftm%m&SifawGrSm *g&0ed0gww&m; r&Sd=uawmhbl;? Adkvfae0if;wdk@wcgrStav;rðyzl;bl;? AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;qdkwm vGwfvyfa&;zcif/ wyfrawmf&JŒzcifqdkwm arhypfcsif=uw,f? jynfolawGudkvJ

aus;Zl;arhzdk@ ZGwfvkyf aew,f?

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zqyvwGif;rSm zufqpfawmfvSefwkef;u a&SmifawmifawmifvkyfcJhwJh EkdifiHa&;orm;wcsKdŒu 0ifar$awmh zqyv}uD; tufa=umif;ay:cJhygw,f? 'gudkaphpyfzdk@ “vuf0Jorm;vli,fawG nD!Gwfzdk@vdkw,f”/ “pm;zm;awG nD!Gwfwm rvdkcsifbl;”vdk@ aºuG;a=umfvdkufwmeJ@wòydifeuf AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;udk t*Fvdyfe,fcsJŒorm;eJ@wuG wudk,faumif;twWEkdifiHa&;orm;awGu tjref&Sif;ypfzdk@óud;pm;awmhwmygyJ? AkdvfcsKyfeJ@wuG jynfcspfEkdifiHa&;acgif;aqmif}uD;awG/ wnf=unfajzmifhrwftwWuif;wJh acgif;aqmif}uD;awGusqHk;oGm;cJhwm[m ESpfaygif; 50 ausmftxd tzwfqnfvdk@r&Ekdifawmhygvm;? vli,frsKd;qufopftzGJ@tpnf;awG/ EkdifiHa&;tzGJ@tpnf;awG/ ausmif;om;oHCmawGudk wckrusefòzdzsuf+yD; jrefrmhEkdifiHa&;udk oif;uGyf/ jrefrmhordkif;udk jymcsa&ar#mvkyfwmudku|efawmfwdk@owdðy+yD; nD!Gwfr_eJ@ jyefvnftzwfqnf&ygvdrfhr,f? EkdifiHa&;tjrifwdktjrifusOf;cJhwmawG/ rnD!GwfcJhwmawGudk oifcef;pm,l+yD; tcsdefjrefjrefeJ@jyifqif+yD;tjrifus,fzdk@/ tajrmftjrif}uD;zdk@ óud;pm;=u&ygvdrfhr,f?

1988 ckESpfrSm EkdifiHa&;rJh tm%m&Sifppfzdeyfatmufu jynfolvlxkw&yfvHk;±kef;xcJh&+yD? ±kef;vufpeJ@qufr±kef;&ifawmh v,fwDq&mawmfbk&m;}uD;trdef@&Sdovdkæ

cGifhomwkef;rS r±kef;csifv#if t±_H;eJ@jyif&Sdao;avvdrfhvm;?cGifhomqJrS rcJcsifv#if tvGJeJ@jyif&Sdao;avvdrfhvm;?cGifhomcdkufrS rvkdufcsifv#if trdkufeJ@jyif&Sdao;avvdrfhvm;?

vdk@yJajymvkduf&ygawmhr,f? tJ'gudkomtvGwfusufxm;=u/ *gxmvkd&Gwfzwf=uygpdk@?tmZmenfAdrmefudk jynfolpHknD/ pdwf&Sdvuf&Sd/ vGwfvGwfvyfvyf tav;ðy

Ekdif=ur,fh ae@wae@udka&mufatmifrvkyfEkdif&if/ jynfya&mufArmawGvJ jynfyrSmyJArm rvkyfawmhbJ Zmwfjr‡Kyfvkduf=uygpdk@?

uG,fvGefol tmZmenftaygif;udk tav;ðy&if;?uG,fvGefol tmZmenftaygif;udk tav;ðy&if;?uG,fvGefol tmZmenftaygif;udk tav;ðy&if;?uG,fvGefol tmZmenftaygif;udk tav;ðy&if;?uG,fvGefol tmZmenftaygif;udk tav;ðy&if;?

armifpGrf;&nf Ò 2006 Zlvkdif 19/

- jynfol@tjrifpmapmif

b,folrSrsufapmif; rxkd;0Hh/ rxkd;Ekdifygbl;? 'gayr,fh 'Dppfwyftm%mudkpGef@+yD; zqyv OuUXtjzpfeJ@ EkdifiHa&;vkyfcJ hygw,f? “Ek difiHa&;vkyfcsif&ifppfwyfuxGuf”vdk@ vrf;jycJhwm[mtvGef}uD;rm;wJh/ aumif;jrwfwJherlemtpOftvm}uD;yg? tajrmftjrif}uD;ygayw,fvdk@ vlwkdif;csD;rGrf;&wmyg?

EkdifiHa&;tjrifwdk tjrifusOf;cJhwmawG/rnD!GwfcJhwmawGudk oifcef;pm,l+yD;

tcsdefjrefjrefeJ@jyifqif+yD;tjrifus,fzdk@/ tajrmftjrif}uD;zdk@

óu;pm;=u&ygvdrfhr,f?

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“taumif”qdkwJh pum;vHk;[m ArmjynfrSm uav;vl}uD;ra&G; oHk;pGJae=uwmudk owdðyrdcJhygw,f? jyefpOf;pm;=unfhvdkufawmh 'Dpum;vHk;[m rqvppftpdk;& vufxufuwnf;u 'Dae@xd acwfpm;aewJh pum;vHk;ygvm;vdk@oabm&vmcJhygw,f? pma&;q&mawG/ ynm&SdawG wDxGifoHk;pGJ vmcJhwmr[kwfbJt&yfom;jynfolvlxk=um;u ay:xGufvmwJhpum;vHk;vdk@yJ ,Hk=unf&ygw,f?av;pm;&ygw,f?

ck u|efawmfajymvdkwJh “taumif”u ±kd;±dk;rlvpum;vHk; “taumif”r[kwfygbl;? txl;oHk; “tD'D,H”pum;vHk; “taumif”udk qdkvdkwmyg? u|efawmftxl;owdðyrdvmwmu u|efawmfjynfyudk xGufrvmciftcsdefuav;uyg?

bmvJ[Jh taumifAavmifbmvJ[Jh taumifAavmif

u|efawmfhajr;udk ausmif;óudausmif;ydk@&if; =um;rdcJhwmyg? u|efawmfh ajr;wufwJhausmif;u &efukefyifr wuUodkvf}uD;&JŒa&SŒu rlvwef;ausmif;yg? t&ifwkef;uawmh vkdif;abmufac:wJh wuUodkvfrmvD/ ygeD/ xrif;csuf/ wHjrufpnf;vSnf;pwJh atmufajc 0efxrf;wef;vsm;awGu uav;awGaewJh wJukyf/ wJpkwf/wef;vsm;awGeJ@ausmif;yg? ckawmh ESpfxyfwkdufwef;vsm;}uD;jzpfae+yD; awmf0ifausmif;ac:wJh “taumifAavmif”awG&JŒ om;ajr;awGrS aecGifh&wJh ynma&;wuUodkvf avhusifha&;ausmif;&JŒ tqG,ftyGm;jzpfaevdk@ tawmft&Sdeft0g}uD;ae+yDaygh?

tJ'D rlvwef;ausmif;&JŒ 0ifayguf0rSm vl}uD;rdbawGu ausmif;óudae=uwJh=um;rSm u|efawmfvJ&yf+yD;ai;ae&if;u =um;vkdufrdwJhpum;u “[Jh æ'Dausmif;rSm tcka&mufaewJh ausmif;tkyf q&mr}uD;&JŒa,musfm;u taumifwJhawmh”ygwJh? 'geJ@ pdwf0ifpm;+yD; qufvufem;pGif haerdygw,f? “[Jh æ ol@

“taumif”qdkwJh pum;vHk;[m ArmjynfrSmuav;vl}uD;ra&G; oHk;pGJae=uwmudk owdðyrdcJhygw,f?

jyefpOf;pm;=unfhvdkufawmh 'Dpum;vHk;[m rqvppftpdk;& vufxufuwnf;u 'Dae@xd acwfpm;aewJh

pum;vHk;ygvm;vdk@ oabm&vmcJhygw,f?

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a,musfm;u taumifr[kwfbJ 'Dvdkausmif;udk a&mufvmrvm;at&JŒ/ igvJxifawmh txifom;yJ/ aeygtHk; b,fu bmaumifwJhvJ[Jh”vdk@ wa,mufujyefar;vkdufygw,f? tar;cH&wJh trsKd;orD;u 'Dvdkowif;OD; owif;xl;rsKd;udkigrdk@odwmqdkwJh[efyefrsKd;eJ@ ab;bDudk0ifh=unfhvkduf+yD; “tvdkav;/ ,D;wD;,m;wm;rrSwfvkdufeJ@/ taumifrS t}uD;}uD;awmh/ AdkvfcsKyf}uD;armifat;&JŒ yDat &JŒr,m;}uD;ygwJhawmf”vdk@ jyefajzvdkufygw,f? “tdk;rdkifa*gh&Sf/ r,m;}uD;qdkawmh tJ'DyDatu r,m;i,fawGeJ@ayghaemf”vdk@ jyefar;jyefygw,f? “t,f/ ‘taumif}uD;uawmf’rdk@ ajymvdkufwmygat&,f/ ti,f&Sdr&Sd/ igb,fodyghrvJ”pojzifh ajymae=uav&JŒ? “uawmf”qdkwJh pum;udkvJ “*a':”vkd@ xHk;pHtwkdif; toH rxGufbJu-oH/ w-oH t&if;twdkif; xGufvkdufwmudkyg =um;&jyefawmh bmompum;avhvma&;0goemygwJh u|efawmfhrSmxyfqifh+yD; acwfoHk;pum;wck rSwfom;vdkuf&jyefygw,f? “uawmf”qdkwm rlvtoHtwkdif;xGuf&if =uufratmfoH jzpfvmjyefw,f r[kwfvm;?

aemufw&ufESpf&uf=umawmh tJ'Dausmif;ayguf0rSmyJ olwdk@&JŒrdbawGtóudvmrSmudk apmifhar#mfae=uwJh ausmif;om;i,fwpk&JŒ=um;xJrSm &yfaerdjyefawmh 'Dpum;udkxyf=um;&jyefygw,f? tJ'DxJu uav;wa,mufu “tdrfuum;uvJ =umvkdufwmuGm/ ckxufxd rvmao;bl;? yg*s,f±kd tpdrf;}uD;uG/ =unfhay;=uprf;”vdk@ tmus,f tmus,fajymvkdufygw,f? wjcm;uav;wa,mufu“bwfpfy±kd tpdrf;}uD;qdkwm igwkd@b,fodrvJuG”vdk@ jyefajymygw,f? wjcm;uav;wa,mufu “yg*s,f±kdum;}uD;udk ajymwmyguGm/ ol@tazu taumifAavmifrdk@vdk@ pD;EkdifwmuG”wJh? 'Dawmh yg*s,f±kd tóudapmifhaewJhuav;u “r[kwfygbl;uGm/ightzdk;urS taumifuG”wJh? 'DawmhrS u|efawmfydk+yD;owdxm; pOf;pm;rdvmygw,f?“taumifqdkwJhpum;[m om;ajr;awG&JŒ vl&m0if/ awmf0ifr*Fvm pum;jzpfaeyga&mhvm;”vdk@?

tdrfusawmh jrefrmt*Fvdyftbd"mefudk jyef=unfh&w,f? taumifqdkwm“taumiftxnf”vdk@vJ oHk;w,f? taoaumifudkvJ“taumif”vdk@ac:w,f?“nnf; taumif/ igh taumif”/ “ol@taumif”pojzifhvJ oHk;w,f? ±kuQeJ@ owWcGJ

tdrfusawmh jrefrm-t*Fvdyftbd"mefudk jyef=unfh&w,f? taumifqdkwm “taumiftxnf”vdk@vJ oHk;w,f?

taoaumifudkvJ“taumif”vdk@ac:w,f?“nnf; taumif/ igh taumif”/

“ol@taumif”pojzifhvJ oHk;w,f?

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'gu pum;tjzpfajymwmyg? jynfoluawmh ESpfb,favmuf=um=umppfoHcGmatmufu vGwfajrmuf+yD; 'Drdkua&pD&&Sda&;udk aoG;oH&if;cJh/ &if;qJ&if;vwWH@om?

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2? ppfwyfu cef@xm;ol[lor# pnf;urf;&SdwJh vlawmfawGtjzpfeJ@ rif;wdk@vufcH=ua[h?

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olwdk@udk,fwdkif pnf;urf;r&Sd=ubJeJ@ “pnf;urf;&SdwJh 'Drdkua&pD”qdkwJh pum;

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vlawGu “trsm;jynfolawG a&G;aumufxm;=uwmawGr[kwfyg”qdkwJh pum;udk xnfhajymwm[m jynfolvlxkudk

wrifapmfum;vdkufwmom jzpfygw,f?

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udk 'if;wdk@ bmjzpfvdk@ xyfcgwvJ ajymae=u&ygovJ? 'g[m jynfolawGudk apmfum;aewm/ &Spfav;vHk;ta&;awmfyHkudk apmfum;aewmyg? olwdk@ ppfwyfydkif odrf;ydkufxm;wJh jynfol@±kyfjrifoH=um;uae+yD; “vd_if;}uD;avxef jzpf&yfrSef”qdkwJhowif;um;udk v$ifhwifjyocJhygw,f? azmufxGif; vk,ufwm/ acgif;jzwfwm/tqdyfcyfwm pwJh jzpf&yfawGudk 'Drdkua&pDqENjy jynfolawGu usL;vGefcJh=uav[ef jyowmygyJ? tJ'Duwnf;u olwdk@tm%modrf;csifvdk@ jyifqifae+yDqdkwmudk 0g&ifhEd kifiHa&;orm;awGeJ@ ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawGu óudwif&dyfrdvdk@owdxm;=uzdk@ ajymcJh=uzl;ygw,f?

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qENjywJh jynfolawG[m EdkifiHa&;0g&ifhae=uyg+yD? ppfwyfu aESmifh,SufzsufqD;r,fqdkwmvJ odxm;ygw,f? Axl;uGif;rSm tzsuftarSmifhvkyfief;awGvkyfzdk@oifwef;ay;xm;wm/ awav*sydk;awGudk t&ufwdkuf/ pdwfºuGaq;xdk;+yD;&mZ0wfr_usL;vGefcdkif;/ a&pifawGrSm tqdyfcyfcdkif;wmawGudk vufyl;vuf=uyfrd+yD;ppfaq;vdkufwdkif; ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;u cdkif;wmqdkwm &efukefrSm vlwdkif;awG@jrif=um;odae=uygw,f? vd_if;}uD;avxef tzsuftarSmif hqd kwmawG[m ppfaxmufvSrf;a&; vufcsufawGcsnf;yg? pnf;urf;zsufor# olwdk@csnf; vkyf=uwmyg? qENjyolawG[m ab;vlpdrf;t0iftygrcHyJ vufwGJ+yD; qENjy=uwmyg? tzGJ@wdkif;pnf;urf;eJ@vkyf=uwmyg? ppfAdkvfawGvJ odygw,f?

'Drdkua&pDqdkwJh pum;rSm pnf;urf;&Sdjcif;qdkwJh t"dy`g,fyg&Sd+yD;om;yg?trsm;jynfolvlxktwGuf trsm;jynfolvlxku a&G;cs,fvdkufwJhtpdk;&tzGJ@rSmæ

(1) Oya'ðytm%m/(2) w&m;pD&ifa&;tm%meJ@/(3) tkyfcsKyfa&;tm%mqdk+yD; tm%moHk;&yfudk cH,l&&Sdygw,f/w&m;±Hk;csKyfrSm 0ef}uD;csKyfwdk@/ ppfAdkvfcsKyfwdk@udkyg raumif;v#ifraumif;

ovdk w&m;pGJ ta&;,lEdkifygw,f? w&m;ol}uD;&JŒ w&m;pD&ifcsufudk AdkvfcsKyfawGua&m/ 0ef}uD;awGua&m 0ifa&mufpGufzuf/ vSD;v$JcGifh vHk;0r&Sdygbll;? 'g[m 'Drdkua&pD&JŒtESpfom&yg? w&m;pD&ifa&;udk b,f “taumif” urS 0ifrpGufzufwJhtwGufw&m;Oya'[m tpGrf;&Sdaewm jzpfygw,f? w&m;Oya' tpGrf;xuf&if pnf;urf;

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&Sdygw,f? 'ga=umifh 'Drdkua&pDpepfrSm pnf;urf;qdkwm 'Drdkua&pDtpdk;&&JŒ arG;&mygjzpfygw,f? cktcgrSm pnf;urf;ysufwmvJ ppfAdkvf/ pnf;urf;zsufwmvJ ppfAkdvf/ Oya'zsufwmvJ ppfAdkvfawGygyJ? tajccHOya'awmif r&Sdawmhbl;qdkrSawmh bmusefawmhrvJ? olcdk;u vlvl[pfcsifvdk@ pnf;urf;&SdaomqdkwJh pmwrf;udk vufudkifxm;+yD; jynfolawGudk pnf;urf;r&SdolawGtjzpf pGyfpGJ&if; ppfaus;u|efpepf (0g) ppfAdkvfca&ZDpepfudkpGJpGJ+rJ+rJ qkyfudkifae=uwmom jzpfygw,f?

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“'Drdkua&pD”qdkwm pnf;urf;&SdwJh pepfqdkwm vlwdkif;odw,f? pnf;urf;qdkwm 'Drdkua&pD&JŒ obm0arG;&mygqdkwmvJ vlwdkif;od+yD;om;[mudk pnf;urf;&Sdaom'Drdkua&pDvdk@ wGifwGif}uD;ajymaewm[m pnf;urf;r&SdwJh 'Drdkua&pDqdkwm r&SdbJ&Sdava,mifvkyfwmyJ jzpfygw,f? 'gayrJh vlawGu xef;vsufqdkwm csKd+yD; odovdk'Drdkua&pDqdkwm pnf;urf;&Sd+yD;om;qdkwm od+yD;om;yg?

'Drdkua&pDqdkwm trsm;pkqENyg? trsm;pkuqEN&Sdwm[m pnf;urf;rJh&mvdk@jzpfEdkifyghrvm;?

vufawG@rSm pnf;r&Sdwm[m ppfwyfrSmoifwef;awGay;xm;wJh vufa&G;pifppfAdkvfawGom jzpfygw,f? ppf&mxl;}uD;av pnf;urf;ysufavygyJ? tJ'g “pnf;urf;rJhaom ppfAkdvfca&ZD”? jynfolvdkcsifwm jynfolawG&JŒ 'Drdkua&pD?

ppftm%m&Sifpepf usqHk;ygap?'Drdkua&pD tjref&&Sdygap?

armifpGrf;&nf Ò azazmf0g&D -2005 acwW tar&duefjynfaxmifpk

- tm[m&pmapmif trSwfpOf (54) =o*kwfv 7/ 2005- opPmawmfvSefa&;pmay r*~Zif; trSwf (11) Edk0ifbm/ 2006

“'Drdkua&pD”qdkwm pnf;urf;&SdwJh pepfqdkwm vlwdkif;odw,f?pnf;urf; qdkwm 'Drdkua&pD&JŒ obm0arG;&mygqdkwmvJvlwdkif;od+yD;om;[mudk pnf;urf;&Sdaom 'Drdkua&pDvdk@

wGifwGif}uD;ajymaewm[m pnf;urf;r&SdwJh 'Drdkua&pDqdkwmr&SdbJ &Sdava,mifvkyfwmyJ jzpfygw,f?

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jrefrmEdkifiHppftpdk;&u 2005 ZlvdkifxJrSm r*~Zif;*sme,f pmapmifopfawGxkwfa0cGifheJ@twl “pmaypdppfolrsm; vdkufem&eftcsufrsm;”udk xkwfjyefvdkufw,f?

xkwfa0cGifhay;wmu taxGaxG xkwfa0cGifhwckwnf;yJ yg&Sdygw,f? tJ'gupmtkyfrsKd;pHk xkwfa0cGifhyg? usefwm 15 cku pme,fZif;awGyg? xkwfa0cGifh vHk;0ruswmeJ@pm&if 16 ck}uD;rsm;awmif usvmw,fqdkawmh óudqdk0rf;ajrmufolawGvJ16 a,mufru &Sdygvdrfhr,f? av#mufxm;olawGu 800 avmuf&Sdw,fvdk@ xdkif;EdkifiHa&muf a'gufwmvG%f;aqGu ajymvdkufwmudk =um;&awmh ESpf&mcdkifE_ef;om csay;wmvdk@ od&wJhtcg ðAef;ceJ0rf;om uysmu&m0rf;enf; jzpf=u&Smygvdrfhr,f? csay;wmawG=unfh&awmh “ppfaoG;”wJh/ “uav;&o”/ “uav;"rR”wJh/ “odyH”wJh/ “tm;upm;”wJh/“arjrefrm”pwJh “aps;0,fvrf;!$ef”wJh? tJ'gawGxJu “tvuFm0wf&nf” qdkwmurqvðywf pmayorm;awG tkyfpkygwJh? 'Drdkua&pDqENjyorm;awGa=umifh igwdk@ ðywfvm&wmqdk+yD; tH}udwfaeolawGygAsm? tcsKyfqdk&&if qifhyg;pyfESrf;yuf/ yufwJhESrf;uvJtqDrygvdk@ qdk&rvdkygyJ?

“pmaypdppfolrsm; vdkufem&eftcsufrsm;”qdk+yD; xkwfjyefvdkufwmu 7 csufygw,f? tcsuftm;vHk;rSm “'Dvdkqdk&ifcGifhðy&ef”/ okd@aomf “[dkvdkqdk&if rðy&ef”vdk@“okd@aomf”awGeJ@csnf; cGifhðywmqdkawmh [dktaumifawG 0rf;omatmif avvnfjywmeJ@rxl;ygbl;Asm? +AdpHkeJ@ ðAHpdygyJAs? t&ifuvJ olwdk@bmom pdppfwmyJ? olwdk@ rSwfausmufeJ@olwdk@rleJ@pdppf+yD; “cGifhðy&ef/ odk@aomf cGifhrðy&ef”ygyJ?

olwdk@u olwdk@udk,folwdk@ “EdkifiHawmf”vdk@ ac:w,fqdkwm odygw,faemf? olwdk@udk,fwdkif olwdk@ay;xm;wJh emrnfbJ? “olwdk@tusKd;pD;yGm;”udkawmh “trsKd;om; tusKd;pD;yGm;”wJh? olwdk@ *k%foduQmudk“trsKd;om;*k%foduQm”wJh? ppfwyftusKd;pD;yGm;/ ppfwyf*k%foduQmvdk@ rac:&J=u&Smbl;As? ppftpdk;&vdk@vJ trSeftwdkif; rac:bl;? tvGefqHk;ac:&if “wyfrawmftpdk;&”wJh? wyfrawmfqdkwm AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef; wnfaxmifcJhwJhjynfolcspfppfwyfudk ac:wmqdkawmh trsm;jynfolawGu “ppfwyfudk ppfwyf”yJ ac:=u

bmvJ[Jh trsKd;om; tusKd;pD;yGm;bmvJ[Jh trsKd;om; tusKd;pD;yGm;

“olwdk@tusKd;pD;yGm;”udkawmh “trsKd;om; tusKd; pD;yGm;”wJh?olwdk@ *k%foduQmudk “trsKd;om;*k%foduQm”wJh? ppfwyftusKd;pD;yGm;/ ppfwyf *k%foduQmvdk@ rac:&J=u&Smbl;As?

ppftpdk;&vdk@vJ trSeftwdkif; rac:bl;?

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bmvJ[Jh armifpGrf;&nfygoAsm;? 'if;wdk@udk “wyfrawmf”vdk@a,mifvdk@awmif rac:=ubl;As?

pmaypdppfa&;rlrSm t"dutcsuf “EdkifiHawmf”eJ@“trsKd;om;tusKd;pD;yGm;”/“trsKd;om; *k%foduQm”udk rxdcdkufbdk@yJwJh? trsKd;om;*k%fudk rxdcdkufatmifqdkwmrdwfaqGpmzwfol em;vnfygw,faemf? ppfwyf*k%foduQmudk ajymwmAs? r,Hk&if trsKd;om;*k%foduQmrxdcdkufbJ ppfwyf*k%fudk xdcdkufrJh “ppftm%m&Siftpdk;&”/ “w&m;r0iftpdk;&”/“oHCmawGeJ@ ausmif;om;vli,fawGudk aoewfeJ@ypfcwf owfjzwfESdrfeif;wJh tpdk;&”/“udk,fydkifpD;yGm;a&;omvkyfaewJh ppfwyftpdk;&”/ “ppfrsKd;aumif;pm;a&;ppfwyf” pwJhpum;vHk;awG oHk;=unhfygvm;? EkdifiHawmf*k%foduQmeJ@ trsKd;om;*k%foduQmqdkwm ppfwyfudk &nf!$ef;wm ppfwyfudk&nf!$ef;wmyJvdk@ rSwfom;rdatmif aoG;xGufoH,dk oifcef;pmawG/ A[kokwawG/ ynmay;wm cHvdkuf&vdk@ “aumh”aerSmayghAsm? aumh±HkeJ@ awmfao;&JŒ?aysmhoGm;atmif xkvdkufvdk@uawmh toufygoGm;rSm aocsmw,f? “ib0wˆK”rSmarmifxifa&;ovdk “auG;&if; auG;&if;eJ@ pef@oGm;av.”qdkwmeJ@ cyfqifqif“aysmh&if;aysmh&if;eJ@ rmawmifhoGm;avownf;”vdk@ a&;&r,fAs?

“Ïmeqdkif&mvkyfief;rsm;”eJ@ “obm0ab;tE W&m,frsm;”ta=umif;udk a&;&ifvJa&;ol&JŒ “&nf&G,fcsuf”/ “apwem”/ “a&;[ef”wdk@udk=unfh+yD; tðyoabma&;rSomcGifhðy&r,fwJhAsm? ta&;}uD;wmu Ïmeqdkif&m vl}uD;vmbfpm;w,f qdkygawmhAsm/a&;ol&JŒapwemu ta&;r}uD;ygbl;? obm0 ab;tE W&m,fta=umif;a&;&ifvJa&;[efu ta&;r}uD;bl;/ rrSefowif;vm; =unhfaygh/ [kwf r[kwf=unhfaygh/ r[kwf&ifcGifhrðyeJ@ayghAsm? [kwf&ifta&;,l aqmif&Gufp&m&Sdwmvkyfaygh? a&;olu vmbfpm;olt&m&SdudktvkyfðywfcsifwJh apwemeJ@ a&;wmjzpfcsifjzpfr,f/ wu,f vmbfrpm;&if +yD;wmygyJ? “aus;Zl;awmf&Siftxufvl}uD;tm; rdrdudk &mxl;ay;aoma=umifh aiG 10 odef;uefawmhonf”vdk@ a&;&rJhyHkaygufae+yD? xm;ygawmhAsm/ owdðy&rSmu “cGifhðyyg/ odk@aomfcGifhrðyygESifh” 'gygyJ? rl 7 csufu wcsufwnf;ygyJ?

qif;&Jom; b0o±kyfazmfpmayawGudkvJ “EdkifiHwumtjrifY trsKd;om;*k%foduQmudk xdcdkufygu cGifhrðy&ef”wJh? 'kuQygyJAsm? EdkifiHwumtjrifrSm “jrefrmjynfrSm ppftm%m&Sifpepf &S daewm/ 'Drd kua&pDr&Sdwm/ vl@tcGif hta&;csKd;azmufwmawG”[m“trsKd;om;*k%foduQm” xdcdkufaewmyJAs? trsKd;om;*k%foduQmudk wu,fav;pm; pdk;&drf&if ppfwyf*k%foduQmudk jr‡ifhwifwJhtaeeJ@ ppftm%m&Sifpepfzsufodrf;zdk@ pwifóud;pm;&rSmAs? “avmuobm0 qif;&J csrf;om&Sdr_ o±kyfazmfa&;om;ygu cGif hðy&ef”wJh?twdwfuHa=umifh/ tysif;xlaoma=umifh pojzifh ajym&r,fayghAsm? tvkyfudk waeukefwtdrfaxmifvHk; vkyf&+yD; iwfaewm/ ynmroifEdkif=uwm/ EdkifiHjcm;udk xGufajy;+yD;jynfhwefqmvkyf/ uav;xdef; xrif;csufvkyf/ ulvDvkyf=u&wmawG[m ppfAdkvftjrifrSmavmuobm0a=umifh r[kwfaybl;As? ukefaps;E_ef;wufwm/ "mwfqDaps;E_ef;wufwmavmuobm0 r[kwfbl;av? csrf;omolawGta=umif; a&;csifwmayghAsm? olwdk@uavmuobm0a=umifh csrf;omwm r[kwfawmh olwdk@tdrfwGif;rSm bDvsHempnf;pdrfawG

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taqmifta,mifawGudk vljrifrSmpdk;vdk@ pme,fZif;orm;awGudk 0ifcGifhray;bl;? uJæ“ajymae=um/ abma'ig”qdkovkdyJ “igwdk@ cGifhrðycsif&if rðybl;uGm”qdk&if +yD;wmygyJ? olwdk@róuduf&if vlemrnfawmifrxJh&bJeJ@ avsmhayghvmw,fqdk&atmif bmrsm;xl;vdk@vJAs?

a=omfæ arhvdk@Asm? tmqD,HtzGJ@0if EdkifiHawGta=umif;udk b,fpmapmifu b,fae@b,fvu b,fola&;wmqdkwJh udk;um;csufrl&if;ygpmudk jrefrmvdkazmfjyay;&r,fwJhAs?trm&dwm bZmyufx&dum;/ tqm[d&SifbGef;/ puFmylpwdwfprif;/ &efrifaygif pwJhtrnfawGudk b,fvdk bmomjyef&rvJ rodbl;? emrnfqdkwm bmomjyefvdk@ oifh roifhawmh rodbl;? jyef&wm rvG,fbl;As? puFmylpwdwfprif;udk armifomEdk; bmomjyefenf;t& “od*Fyl& pwdwfprEM”vdk@ jyef&r,fxifw,f? armifxifenf;t&qdk&if “jcaoFhjynfEdkifiH okcrdefowif;pm}uD;”vdk@ jyef&r,fxifyAsm? tmqD,HEdkifiHtpdk;&awGeJ@ EdkifiHawGoabmrawG@rJh pmrsKd;udkawmh b,fpmapmifuygvdk@ 0efcHcsufygayrJh cGifhrðybl;wJhAs?pme,fZif;orm;awG crsmuawmh wzuftdrfeD;csif;EdkifiHvdk@ ac:qdk/ ac:& ,dk;',m; rac:eJ@xdkif;vdk@ac:qdkawmhvJ “xdkif;”vdkufjyef&? a'gufwm rwif0if;wdk@usawmh awmfawmf=umatmif “,dk;',m;”vdk@yJ ac:ac:+yD; xdkif;EdkifiHtpdk;&eJ@ jynfol róudufatmif a&;cGifh&vdkufjyefao;w,f? ±H_ŒcsD ESyfcsDygyJAsm?

bmyJjzpfjzpfayghAsm/ “cGifhðyw,f”qdkwJh pum;eJ@ “avvnf”jy&if pme,fZif;orm;awG 0rf;om=u&Smr,fqdkwmudkawmh ppfAkdvfawG od=uygw,f? 'ga=umifhvJ avvnfjywmayhg? wu,fwrf;awmhvJ bmrSrajymif;vJao;ygbl;? 'Drltwdkif; OD;0if;wif/ Aef;armfndKEGJ@/eef;!Gef@aqG/ wifrdk;/ =unfatmif/ udkav;/ rHk&Gmatmif&Sif/ atmifyGifh/ zsmyHkeDvHkOD;wdk@pmawGxkwfcGifhðyzdk@ aumif;ygw,fAsm? 'gqdk “av#mhvmw,f”vdk@ ,Hk&r,fAs?

tJ'Drl 7 csuf &Sif;vif;yGJrSm pme,fZif;orm;wOD;u 0rf;om&Smvdk@ “'g[mEdkifiHawmftpdk;&u uwdðyxm;wJhtwdkif; 'Drdkua&pDwnfaqmufa&;twGuf yxrajcvSrf;vSrf;vdkufwmrdk@ óudqdkygw,f” vdk@ xajym&SmowJh? a=omfæ 15 ESpf/ 16 ESpf=umatmifzdESdyfxm;+yD;rS vSrf;vdkufwJh yxr ajcvSrf;[m “cGifhðyrnf/ okd@aomf cGifhrðy”wJhvm;Asmwdk@?+AdpHkeJ@ òAHpdygyJAsm?

armifpGrf;&nf Ò- tm[m& pmapmif trSwfpOf (58) 'DZifbmv/ (4) &uf 2005

EdkifiHwumtjrifrSm “jrefrmjynfrSm ppftm%m&Sifpepf &Sdaewm/'Drdkua&pDr&Sdwm/ vl@tcGifhta&;csKd;azmufwmawG”[m

“trsKd;om;*k%foduQm” xdcdkufaewmyJAs? trsKd;om;*k%foduQmudkwu,fav;pm; pdk;&drf&if ppfwyf*k%foduQmudk jr‡ifhwifwJhtaeeJ@

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Ak'<u igajymvdk@qdk+yD;awmhvnf; ighw&m;udk trSefw&m;vdk@ r,HkeJ@b,fw&m;udkrqdk tpOfavmu,Hk=unfvufcHvmvdk@/ vl}uD;olrawGajymvdk@/ ynm&SdawGajymvdk@qdk+yD;awmhvnf; r,HkeJ@/ udk,fwdkifusifh}uH+yD;rS,Hkvdk@ umvmrokwfrSm a[mcJhwmudk vlwdkif;=um;zl;=urSmyg? jrwfpGmbk&m;&JŒ w&m;awmf&JŒ *k%fwcku {[dy\daumwJh? vmyg =unfhyg/ usifh}uHyg[k rygygatmif ac:aqmif wdkufwGef;jcif;iSmxdkufwefaom {[dy\daum/ *k%feJ@vJ jynfhpHkawmfrlay.wJh? ighw&m;vmusifh=unfh udk,fawG@t&rSefwmawG@rS ,Hkvdk@ pdefac:cJhygw,f? b,facgif;aqmifrsm; ‘'gr,HkeJ@/ iga[mwJhw&m;udkvnf; igajymwmrdk@qdk+yD; r,HkeJ@’vdk@ ajym&Jzl;ygovJ? tJ'Dvdk ajyma[m&Jol b,fESpfOD;rsm; &SdygovJ? u|efawmfawmhAk'<wOD;yJqdkwm =um;zl;ygw,f?

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Ak'<u u|efeJ@ t&Sif/ usm;eJ@r/ ZmwfjrifhZmwfedrfh rcGJa&;udk vufawG@usifhoHk; azmfxkwfoljzpf±Hkru Ak'<u &efjzpfwm/ ppfwdkufwmawGudkvnf; vufawG@wm;qD;cJhygw,f? Ak'<u v,form;awGtusKd;udk a&S;±_awmfrlygw,f? Ak'<u a&m[%Djrpf a&vkyGJuae ppfjzpfawmhr,fh aqGawmfrsKd;awmfv,form;awGudk +idrf;csrf;a&;w&m; a[mjyawmfrlcJhygw,f? 'gha=umifh vlawGtrsm;}uD; toufcsrf;om&m &cJhygw,f? +idrf;csrf;a&;[m ZD0dw'geygyJ?

u|efawmfwdk@ Armjynfordkif;[m yk*HusrS EdkifiHwEdkifiHtaeeJ@ aocsmcdkif+rJvmcJhygw,f? yk*Hudktaemf&xmrif;eJ@ &Sift&[Hwdk@twl xlaxmifcJh=uygw,f? Oa&my tv,facwfrSmvdk omoemh0efxrf;u bk&m;ay;wJh tcGifhtm%mt&qdk+yD; EdkifiHtkyfcsKyfa&;rSm vHk;0 0ifr,lcJhwm ArmjynfuHaumif;ygw,f? 'gayrJh tkyfcsKyfol rif;tpdk;&wdk@a=umifh jynfolvlxk 'kuQa&mufwdkif; oHCmawmf}uD;awGu t+rJ0ifa&muf[ef@wm;=uygw,f? &Sift&[Hudk qufcHwJh yHhoulrax&fqdkwm jynfolvSLwJhuxdefouFef;awmif r0wf±HkbJ okomefwpjyifrSm vlaov$rf;wJht0wfawGudkyJ aumuf,l0wf±Hkvdk@yHhoulrax&fvdk@ wGifw,f? yhHoulrax&fu e&ol ukvm;usrif;eJ@ e&oD[yawh w±kwfajy;rif;wdk@udk rif;qdk;rif;npfvdk@ac:+yD; olwdk@qGrf;udk rcHbl;? ukvm;usrif;u aemifawmfudk owfvdk@wJh/w±kwfajy;rif;u jynfolawGudk bk&m;wnfzdk@qdk+yD; ‘ay:wmqGJ’vdk@wJh? w±kwfajy;rif;vufxuf&Sif'domygarmuQvnf; +idrf;csrf;wreftjzpfeJ@ w±kwfrif;}uD;xH oGm;av#muf+yD; ‘'dkif,mavmh’+idrf;csrf;a&;pum; qdkcJhzl;ygw,f? ordkif;rSm oHCmawmfawG[m EdkifiHa&; bkef;}uD;eJ@ rqdkifbl;vdk@ rajymbJEdkifiH'kuQa&mufwdkif; 0ifu,fcJhwm[m bk&m;tvdkawmfawGygyJ? 'ga=umifh Ak'<eJ@Ak'<0g'[mjzifh vl@tcGifhta&;umuG,fa&;0g' +idrf;csrf;a&;0g'jzpfa=umif;udk tm;vHk;od&Sd *k%f,l=u+yD; vl@tcGifhta&;awmif;qdkyGJeJ@ +idrf;csrf;a&;yGJwdk@rSm vlwdkif;yg0if=uzdk@ Ed_;aqmfvdkufygw,f? oHCmawmfrsm;vnf;tpOftvmtwdkif; yg0ifaqmif&Guf=urSmygyJvdk@ ,Hk=unfrdyga=umif;?

armifpGrf;&nf Ò- tm[m& pmapmif trSwfpOf (62) {+yDv/ (9) &uf 2006

ဘာလဲဟဲ့ ... ေမာင္စြမ္းရည္

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