5 Themes – PRILM Place Defined by physical and cultural characteristics Region Division of the...
-
Upload
elwin-todd -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
0
Transcript of 5 Themes – PRILM Place Defined by physical and cultural characteristics Region Division of the...
REVIEWING WORLD
HISTORY
GEOGRAPHY 5 Themes – PRILM
Place Defined by physical and cultural characteristics
Region Division of the world into different locations based
on similaritiesHuman-Environmental Interaction
How people change and shape environmentLocation
Absolute - exact Relative – can change – in relation to something
elseMovement
How and why people move around
CIVILIZATIONS Features of a civilization - PERSIA
PoliticalEconomicReligiousSocial Intellectual/ArtArea/Geography
RENAISSANCE Rebirth of art and learning
Starts in Italy – money to invest, trading, contact with others, closeness to Greece and Rome, end of wars, and end of plague (want to be happy!)
After the Middle Ages Change from dark time of thinking negative,
focus on church and farm lifeNow focus on growing middle class, cities,
people and individuals, SECULAR
REFORMATION Starts after Martin Luther puts 95 Thesis
on Catholic Church door Questioning ways of the Catholic Church
that he saw as corrupt IndulgencesKing’s spending moneyChurch spending money
Printing Press spread ideas Creating of new churches
Protestants
KING HENRY Creation of Church of England and
making himself leader of church and stateNeeded a divorce to get a son
LEGACY OF RENAISSANCE AND REFORMATION
Monarchies gain power Pope and Church lose power New religions Rise in secularism and individualism
EXPLORATION AND GLOBAL EXCHANGE
Marco Polo’s adventures to China and back sparked interest in the rest of the world outside of Europe
Adventure and curiosity Sea route to Asia so faster and cheaper
WHY EXPLORE 3 Gs
GodGloryGold
New Technologies help with exploration Competition between all the nations
CONQUISTADORS Spanish and Portuguese who conquered
Latin America Trying to expand empire and gain
resources/wealth Able to defeat Latin American tribes
because of Guns, Germs, and Steel
NORTH AMERICAN EXPLORATION Came looking for more freedom, better life,
religious freedom, business opportunities Not really about conquering and expanding British and French settled this area
COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE Exchange of products from Old World to
the New WorldFood, resources, diseases,
TRIANGULAR TRADE Trade between Europe, Africa, and North
America Middle Passage – slave exchange
SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION Discovering how the world works
No longer saying “because God made it so”Using mathematics, formulas, and astronomy
to figure out worldGeocentric vs Heliocentric Theory
Scientific Method DevelopedState ProblemForm hypothesisExperimentCollectAnalyzeConclude
ENLIGHTENMENT Political, social and economic problems
can be solved by reason Logic Rooted in ideas of reason and progress People questioned why society was
structured the way it was and how it can be improved
REVOLUTIONS A change in way things are
Can be violent or can be peaceful
AMERICAN REVOLUTION Great Britain tried to gain more control
over the 13 Colonies after years of leaving them alone
French and Indian WarCaused Great Britain to be in debtForce taxes on colonists to pay for the war“No taxation without representation”
Can’t tax because we aren’t represented in Parliament
Go to war Write Declaration of IndependenceFought and won their independence
AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND ENLIGHTENMENT
Americans influenced by Enlightenment ideasPeople have natural rights – life, liberty,
happinessSet up the country with 3 branchesPeople have a say so in their governmentSocial Contract Theory
FRENCH REVOLUTION Start because of
Bad leadershipDivided into 3 Estates – 3rd pays most of the
taxesEconomic troubleEnlightenment IdeasAmerican Revolution
Tennis Court Oath Starts tumultuous years for France going
through multiple government Reign of Terror – Robespierre Napoleon Bonaparte – ends French
Revolution Is he good or bad?
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Starts with Agricultural Revolution
Enclosures, crop rotation, breedingNeeded to feed growing population Increase health of the population
Industrial Revolution – switch to machine made goodsFactors of production: land, labor, capitolNatural resources – rivers, coal, iron, oilStable countryEntrepreneurs
Lead to urbanizationGrowth of cities and people moving to them
EFFECTS OF IR
Positive Negative
Growth of cities New jobs Money New Goods Technology Middle Class Connecting cities
Overcrowding Spread diseases Sanitation down Tenement housing Bad working
conditions Child Labor
LABOR UNIONS
Group of workers who want better working conditions, better pay, better hours, etc
Go on strike to get demands met Do get changes
Minimum wageChild labor laws passedRegulations in factories
IMPERIALISM When a more powerful country takes over
a weaker country Use natural resources, workers, and raw
materials to make powerful country wealthier
Reasons for imperialismResources/economicNationalismReligionRacism
Forced the natives to be workers
AFRICA & IMPERIALISM Berlin Conference
Agreements on how to divide up Africa peacefully
Divided depending on European ideas – not paying attention to Africans
Led to destruction of territory, culture, languages, religions, traditions, many deaths
IMPERIALISM & JAPAN Very traditional and didn’t want
outsiders in territory Japan was forced to open ports and
began to industrialize Modernization during Meiji Era
Japan did not want to be taken over so they changed to be more like the imperialistic countries
WWI Causes of WWI – MAIN
Militarism – building militaryAlliances – join together Imperialism – caused mistrustNationalism – led to a lot of competition
Spark of WWIAssassination of Archduke FerdinandGermany encouraged A-H to declare war on
Serbia The Alliance system caused the war to be
on a world wide scale
US INVOLVEMENT IN WWI At first stay isolated and neutral
Not a US war – European problem and US doesn’t want to be involved
US Becomes Part of WWI becauseGermany’s use of Unrestricted Submarine
Warfare - Lusitania Zimmerman Telegram
US helps win the war after Russia leaves war because of a civil war
NEW WAR TACTICS Trenches along the Western Front –
stalemateProvides protection from new weapons
More movement along Eastern Front Machine guns Poison Gas Submarines Airplanes Tanks
END OF WWI Armistice signed on Nov 11, 1918 Treaty of Versailles signed in 1919 Germany severely punished
War Guilt ClauseHas to pay reparationsLose military and weaponsLose landCause feelings of hate towards new German
government – feel betrayed Creation on League of Nations
Good intentions but doesn’t work
DEPRESSION US went into an economic depression and
eventually the Great DepressionStarted with the Stock Market Crash
Due to the US being the leading economy in the world it effected all other economies
Many European economies were already suffering and things got worse when the US economy went down
RISE OF TOTALITARIAN GOVERNMENTS
Economic Trouble always creates an atmosphere for change – willingly to listen to anyone who says they can make it better
Totalitarian – total control Mussolini – rise to power legally in Italy
Promised economic stability Better Government Creates alliances Wants an empire
Stalin – rose to power in Soviet Union Took over the communist government Begins to industrialize Soviet Union Total control
TOTALITARIAN LEADERS CONT… Hitler – Germany
Leader of Nazi PowerGained power over timeGreat Speaker – promised to get revenge Builds up military, factories, creates
alliances Hideki Tojo
Military leader in JapanUsed the Depression and people’s
discontent with government to gain supportExpands Japan’s empire and army
SHARED CHARACTERISTICS
Used scapegoats to rise to power Killed “enemies” who were in their way Used the Great Depression and other crises
to rise to power People were desperate and supported them Came to power legally and through elections Made empty promises, used propaganda,
and paranoia Promoted fascism or communism to get
support Censorship and few rights for people Built up the military and economy