第一組 3D-Bioprinting Organs
Transcript of 第一組 3D-Bioprinting Organs
第一組3D-Bioprinting Organs
組員:B04209035 佘慶峰B04901050 羅浩B04901059 蔡承佑
3D organ printing 流程圖
Design Approaches
• Biomimicry:Reproducing cellular and extracellular components present in the native
tissue
• Autonomous self-assembly:Utilizes embryonic organ development
to replicate a specific organ/tissue
Design Approaches
• Mini-tissue approach:
Entails creation of the small function
unit of the tissue/organ to drive the
generation of the tissue or organ.
3D organ printing 流程圖
Cell Selection
• Robust
Survive printing process and physiological
stress
• Expand rate
Maintain suitable cell proliferation rate
Cell Selection
• Primary cellDirect from animal tissue
• Advantages:
Biocompatibility
• Disadvantages:
Hard to isolate
Finite lifespan
Cell Selection
• Stem cell
• Advantages:
Self-renewal
Can generate multiple functional cell
• Disadvantages:
Undesired differentiate ability.
Poor self-renew ability.
3D organ printing 流程圖
Inkjet Bioprinting• Thermal Inkjet Printer
– Electrically heating the print head to produce pulses of pressure that force droplets from the nozzle
– Localized heating which can range from 200 °C to 300 °C
– Risk of exposing cells and materials to thermal
Inkjet Bioprinting• Piezoelectric Inkjet Printer
– When an electrical charge is applied to Piezoelectric elements, these elements flex, forcing precise amounts of bioink onto the substrate
– Risk of the damage of the cell membrane and lysis caused by the 15-25 kHz frequencies used by piezoelectric crystal
Inkjet Bioprinting
• Advantages– Low cost– High resolution– High speed– Compatibility with many biological materials
• Disadvantages– The biological material has to be in a liquid form to
enable droplet formation
Microextrusion BioprintingPneumatic dispensing system
Extrude the materials by releasing compressed air
Have simpler drive-mechanism components
Because using air pressure to dispense fluids, it will
force out more when it’s warm, but less when it’s
cooler
Microextrusion Bioprinting
• Mechanical(piston or screw) dispensing
system
– Offer consistent and accurate volume control
– Have smaller and more complex components
Microextrusion Bioprinting
• Advantages
– The ability to deposit high cell densities and accelerated
tissue organization
• Disadvantages
– Cell viability is lower than that with inkjet-based
bioprinting
– The loss of resolution and print speed to maintain cell
viability with low pressure and large nozzle sizes
Laser-assisted Bioprinting
• Using focused laser pulses on the absorbing layer of the
ribbon to generate a high-pressure bubble that propels
cell-containing materials toward the collector substrate
Laser-assisted Bioprinting
• Advantages
– High resolution
– Nozzle-free
• Disadvantages
– Become onerous if multiple cell types or materials
have to be co-deposited
– The metallic residues owe to the vaporization
during printing
Bioprinters
3D organ printing 流程圖
Classification of Bioink
• DBB ( droplet/inkjet-based bioprinting )
• 1. Low viscosity and a non-fibrous nature
• 2. Supported viscosity : 3.5 ~ 12 mPa/s
• 3. Medium surface tension
• 4. Solidify immediately after landing
Classification of Bioink
• EBB ( extrusion-based bioprinting )
• 1. Non-Newtonian fluids
• 2. Supported viscosity : 30 mPa/s ~ 600k Pa/s
• 3. Hydrogel concentration changes the viscosity.
• 4. Low adhesion and Low surface tension
Classification of Bioink
• LBB ( laser-based bioprinting )
• 1. Sufficient adhesion and low surface tension
• 2. Supported viscosity: 1 ~300 mPa/s
• 3. Stability and high-mechanical strength
Common Material
• Alginate
• Gelatin (明膠/凝膠)
• Collagen (膠原蛋白)
Alginate (海藻酸)
Alginate
• Different ions (e.g. Ca)
• Two types of monomers: G & M
• Different proportion
Collagen (膠原蛋白)
• The most abundant protein in the body ( 25% )
• High sensitivity to temperatures
• Different types for different organs (I~VIII)
Comparison of bioprinter type
Future Goal
Kidney
Bladder
References
• https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0734975016301719/1-s2.0-S0734975016301719-main.pdf?_tid=a7956e7e-86b2-4d59-915e-6fbf56f716f7&acdnat=1525011931_6d7faaa64832084226351d4ae02aa062
• https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms4935
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272997432_Inkjet_3D_Printing
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5309712/
• http://technews.tw/2013/05/23/3d-organ-printer/
• 3D-Bioprinting:
https://3dprintingindustry.com/news/korean-3d-printing-
manufacturer-rokit-makes-their-mark-on-3d-bioprinting-
66869/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5309712/
https://openwetware.org/wiki/3D_Bioprinting#Inkjet_Biopri
nter
https://www.nature.com/articles/nbt.2958