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Figure 7-3c The Adult Skull

TEMPORALBONE

PARIETALBONE

OCCIPITALBONE

FRONTALBONE

Lateral view

Squamous suture

Lambdoid suture

Squamous part oftemporal bone

External acousticmeatus

Mastoid process

Zygomaticarch

Styloid processZygomatic process

of temporal boneTemporal processof zygomatic bone

Coronal suture

SPHENOID

NASAL BONE

LACRIMAL BONE

ETHMOID

MAXILLA

ZYGOMATIC BONE

MANDIBLE

Supra-orbital foramen

Infra-orbital foramen

Mental foramen

Mental protuberance

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Figure 7-3a The Adult Skull

PARIETALBONE(left)

PARIETALBONE(right)

OCCIPITALBONE

MANDIBLE

TEMPORAL BONE

Sagittal suture

Lambdoidsuture

Squamoussuture

Mastoid processStyloid process

Occipital condyle

External occipitalprotuberance

Posterior view

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Figure 7-3d The Adult Skull

Coronal suture

SPHENOID

NASAL BONE

LACRIMAL BONE

ETHMOID

MAXILLA

Supra-orbital foramen

Infra-orbital foramen

Mental foramen

Mental protuberance

ZYGOMATIC BONE

Optic canal

Inferior orbital fissure

Temporal process ofzygomatic bone

Mastoid process oftemporal bone

Middle nasal concha(part of ethmoid)Perpendicular plateof ethmoid Bony nasal

septumVOMER

Superior orbital fissure

PARIETAL BONE

TEMPORAL BONE

PALATINE BONE

INFERIORNASAL CONCHA

MANDIBLE

Anterior view

FRONTAL BONE

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Figure 7-3e The Adult Skull

ZYGOMATIC BONE MAXILLA

TEMPORAL BONE

PALATINE BONE

Zygomatic arch

Medial and lateralpterygoid processes

Foramen lacerum

Carotid canal

Mastoid process

Stylomastoid foramen

Occipital condyle

Foramen magnum

VOMER

SPHENOID

OCCIPITAL BONE

FRONTAL BONE

Jugular foramen

Foreman ovale

Styloid processMandibular fossa

Externalacoustic meatus

Lambdoid suture

External occipitalprotuberance

Inferior view

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Figure 7-4a The Sectional Anatomy of the Skull

PARIETAL BONE

Squamous suture

Lambdoid suture

Hypophyseal fossaof sella turcicaInternal acoustic meatus

Hypoglossal canalStyloid process

TEMPORAL BONE

OCCIPITAL BONE

Coronal suture

Sphenoidal sinus (right)

Frontal sinusCrista galli

FRONTAL BONE

SPHENOID

NASAL BONEETHMOID

VOMERPALATINE BONE

MANDIBLE

MAXILLA

Medial view of a sagittal section through the skull.

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Figure 7-4b The Sectional Anatomy of the Skull

Foramenmagnum

Carotid canal

Internal occipital crest

FRONTAL BONE

ETHMOID

SPHENOID

TEMPORAL BONE

PARIETAL BONE

OCCIPITAL BONE

Crista galli

Cribriform plate

Sella turcica

Foramen rotundum

Foramen lacerum

Foramen ovale

Foramen spinosum

Internalacoustic meatus

Jugular foramen

Hypoglossal canal

Superior view of a horizontal section through the skull, showing thefloor of the cranial cavity. Compare with part (a) and with Figure 7–3e.

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Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Cranial Bones: Ethmoid Bone

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Figure 7-15a The Skull of an Infant

Sphenoidalfontanelle

NASAL BONE

MAXILLA

Coronalsuture

FRONTALBONE

PARIETALBONE

Squamous suture

Lambdoid suture

OCCIPITAL BONE

Mastoidfontanelle

TEMPORALBONE

SPHENOID

MANDIBLE

Lateral view

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Figure 7-15b The Skull of an Infant

PARIETALBONE

FRONTALBONE

Sagittal sutureAnteriorfontanelle

Frontal sutureCoronalsuture

FRONTALBONE PARIETAL

BONE

Lambdoidsuture

OCCIPITALBONE

OccipitalfontanelleSuperior view

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Figure 7-19b The Cervical Vertebrae

Pedicle

A superior view of a representativecervical vertebra showingcharacteristics of C3–C6. Notice thetypical features listed in Table 7–2.

Costal process

Transverseprocess

Vertebral body

Transverseforamen

Superiorarticular

facet

Superior articularprocess

Lamina

Spinous processVertebral

arch

Vertebralforamen

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Figure 7-19d The Cervical Vertebrae

Axis (C2)

Posteriorarch

Atlas (C1)

Dens ofaxis

Anteriorarch

Transverseligament

The atlas (C1) and axis (C2).

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Figure 7-20c The Thoracic Vertebrae

Spinousprocess

Transverseprocess

Transverse costalfacet for tubercle

of superior rib

Superiorarticular facet

Superior costal facetfor head of superior rib

Vertebralbody

Inferior costal facetfor head of inferior rib

Thoracic vertebra, lateral view.

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Figure 7-21b The Lumbar Vertebrae

Inferior articular process

Vertebralbody

PedicleSuperior articularprocess

Transverse process

Spinousprocess

Inferior articular facet

A lateral view of a typical lumbar vertebra

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Figure 7-22c The Sacrum and Coccyx

An anterior view

Apex

Transverselines

AlaAla

Base

Sacralforamina

Sacralpromontory

Coccyx

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Figure 7-24b The Ribs

Attachment tocostal cartilage

(sternal end)

Articular facets

Body

Tubercle

HeadNeck

Angle

Costal groove

A posterior view of the head of a representative rib from the right side (ribs 2–9).

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Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Vertebral Column: Ribs (Costal Bones)

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Figure 7-23a The Thoracic Cage

Jugular notch

Clavicular articulation

Manubrium

Sternum Body

Xiphoidprocess

Costalcartilages

An anterior view, showing thecostal cartilages and the sternum

True ribs(ribs 1–7)

False ribs(ribs 8–12)

Floating ribs(ribs 11–12)

Vertebrochondralribs

(ribs 8–10)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

T12

T11

T1