© 2006, The MITRE Corporation Toward a Standard Rule Language for Semantic Enterprise Integration...
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Transcript of © 2006, The MITRE Corporation Toward a Standard Rule Language for Semantic Enterprise Integration...
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
Toward a Standard Rule Language for Semantic Enterprise Integration
Ms. Suzette Stoutenburg719-572-8323 • [email protected]
MITRE Sponsored Research
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
Dr. Leo Obrst 703-983-6770 • [email protected]
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
Problem
To defeat emerging threats, C2 systems must be dynamic and adaptable
Separation of rules from application code supports the ability to dynamically modify system behavior in complex, changing environments
A rule language standard is required to enable agility and interoperability across the enterprise
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
Background
Semantic Web Stack (partial)
Reasoning/Proof
Higher Semantics
Semantics
Structure
Syntax: Data
Inference Engine
OWL ( ontologies )
RDF/RDF Schema
XML Schema
XML
Reasoning/Proof
Higher Semantics
Semantics
Structure
Syntax: Data
Inference Engine
OWL ( ontologies )
RDF/RDF Schema
XML Schema
XML
Semantic Web standards provide infrastructure for specifying and operating over semantically meaningful information
Sets the stage for net-centric autonomous reasoners and M2M capabilities
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
Objective Develop demonstrable recommendations for
a standard rule language
Identify sponsor-specific requirements for rules and ensure those are captured in the standard
Build experiments to show how ontology and rule layers should interact and compare approaches
Look ahead to future requirements for the evolving standard
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
Activities
Examine use of rules to build dynamic net-centric services
– Show how rules of engagement can be modified in real-time based on dynamic events
– Extended first-year experiment using coalition battlefield scenario
Optimize the Logic Programming environment that integrates rules and ontologies
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
Prototype Architecture
Events(GMTI, INTSUM)
SituationalAwareness
Service
Enterprise Service Bus
2. Message injection starts
AMZI LogicServer1
AMZI LogicServer2
1. Logic Servers instantiated with Rule Sets
3. Adapter translates schema
4. New messages applied to Knowledge Bases
Google EarthClient
Adapter
6. SA Svc detects events on ESB, queries for alerts
7. Rules fire, produce “Single Integrated Picture”
8. Battlefield movement, Intel, messages
and alerts displayed on client
MessageInjector
5. Rules fire to relate messages to Theater Objects
SimulatedPosition ofBlue Force
OptimizedKnowledge
Base 1
OptimizedKnowledge
Base 2
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
destination
Application
convoy
enemy sniper
friend or foe?
RECOMMENDATION: Take alternate route
primary route
alternate route
ALERT: Intelligence report of enemy sniper in the vicinity
Command and control of convoy movement in unsecured territorywith situational awareness and rules of engagement
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
Ontology Overview
TheaterObject
hasFocalObject
DynamicRegionofInterestMilitaryUnit
DynamicRegionofInterestMilitaryUnit
subclassOf
subclassOf
RegionOfInterest
subclassOf
Convoy ConvoyRouteConvoy ConvoyRoute
hasCurrentRoute
ConditionsAndAlerts
conditionAffects
describedBy
ObservationArtifact
GMTIObservation
IntelSummary
VMTIObservation
subclassOf
Primary Ontology
Major classwithin ontology
TheaterObject Convoy RegionOfInterest ConvoyRoute ConditionsAndAlerts
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
System Design
Translationto Prolog
Extensionalization
UserQ
uer
ies
An
swers
Ch
anges
ExtensionalProgram(Prolog)
Qu
erie
s
An
swers
ExtensionalProgram(Prolog)
Dyn
amic
GeneralRules
(Prolog)
IntensionalProgram(Prolog)
IntensionalProgram(Prolog)
Developer
CardinalityRules
(Prolog)
rulesrules
ontologies
SWORIER (Semantic Web Ontologies and Rules for Interoperability with Efficient Reasoning)
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
SWORIER Challenges
KEYFully implemented
Partially implementedNot yet implemented
Logical Negation Open/Closed World Complementary/Disjoint Classes Disjunctive Conclusions Equivalence Cardinality Restrictions Enumerated Classes Error Messages Existential Quantification Cyclic Hierarchies Anonymous Classes Duplicate Facts
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
SWORIER Efficiency
Two Dynamic Changes (Online)Report the location and speed of a convoyReport the location and speed of an enemy motorized infantry unit
Desired Time:Baseline:
With Code Minimization:
a few seconds25.2 minutes10 milliseconds
Two Queries (Online)What are the locations and speeds of all known units?What are all of the alerts and recommendations?
Desired Time:Baseline:
With extensionalization:& Dynamic Changes:& Code Minimization:
a few seconds33 minutes110 milliseconds58 minutes130 milliseconds
Extensionalization (Offline)Desired Time:
Baseline:With Avoiding Reanalysis:
& Code Minimization:
a few hoursCRASH13 hours6.5 hours
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
Impacts Advances critical sponsor needs
– Agility in a changing world– Semantic interoperability and integration in a
net-centric enterprise– Demonstration of dynamic service-oriented
architecture
Contributes to the sound evolution of the rule layer of the Semantic Web– Recommendations for how language should
evolve to support critical sponsor needs– Orchestration strategy for rules, ontologies,
engines
© 2006, The MITRE Corporation
Future PlansIdentify exercises and other opportunities for technology
transfer
Participate in W3C Rules Working Group to help
define the standard
Examine impact of rule exchange across multiple
disparate domains
Investigate self-maintaining ontologies and rule sets
AOCApplication
CoalitionPartner
Rules ofEngagement
Trust Model
Knowledge Base
Concepts, Axioms,Rules, Instances
LearningAlgorithm