Post on 15-Jan-2016
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 1
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELThe European XRAY-Laser
Project in Northern GermanyThe Safety-Concept
1. What is the XFEL2. XFEL – Progress of Planning3. Components4. Safety Concept
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 2
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
1. What is the XFEL?
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 3
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
Science withSynchrotron-Radiation
Accelerator as Super-Light-
Source
If particles fly around a bend, they send out
a wide spectrum of bright light:
Synchrotron-Radiation• Science at surfaces• Science with matter• Molecularbiology• Medicine • Chemistry• Geology• ...
What is the XFEL?
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 4
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The way to X-RAY-Laser
For over 100 Years: X-RAYS– Penetrate matter– The wavelength fits to the
distance of the atoms
To see what the eye doesn´t see
Since then:
– Further developements of X-RAY-tubes were made
– Synchrotron-Radiation-Sources (at DESY since 1964)
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 5
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
What do they wish to do?
Watching of:– Single molecules (3dimensional)– Movings and chemical reactions
Idea:
Ultrashort super bright light flashes to watch fast reactions at atomic layer
Combining the qualities of X-RAY-light and laser-light
in the X-RAY-Free-Electron-Laser
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 6
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The possibilities of XFEL
• atomic solution
structure of molecules
• bright light flashes
(billion times brighter than
up to now)
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 7
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
• short light flashes (<100 Femtoseconds)
• in fast flashings
recording of chemical reactions
• You can see how
a muscle moves or
catalytic processes work
new applications new applications in biology, pharmacy,in biology, pharmacy,
science of lifescience of life
The possibilities of XFEL
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 8
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
2. XFEL – Progress of Technical Planning
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 9
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
– ~02/2003: Ministry of Science: decision to realise XFEL as European Project
– ~10/2003: Decision for the site at Schenefeld
– ~12/2003: Establishing of a workgroup at DESY for the preparation of the PA P– 29/09/2004: The treaty between Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein gets signed– 01/01/2005: Begin of the treaty between Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein
Neighbour Village Schenefeld
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 10
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
Overview 2005/2006
• Technical Planning XFEL finished 10.12.2004
• Version zero of plan approval procedure (PAP) ready 15.01.2005
• Motion for plan approval procedure 15.04.2005
• Layout of documentation for the public 01.05.2005?
• End of Layout 15.06.2005?
• Date of discussion with authorities 01.10.2005?
• Resolution for PAP End 2005?
• Start of construction work Autum 2006?
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 11
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
3. XFEL – Components
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 12
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
Schenefeld
DESY
Osdorfer Born
Marked-out route XFEL
Beam
2nd Part1st Part
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 13
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
Components of XFEL
Schenefeld
- Total length ~3300 m (~11.000 ft.)- Depth 8 to 25 m (26 to 75 ft.)- Tunnel diameters 5.2 m and 4.5 m (~ 18 ft. and 15 ft.)- 12 shafts for both parts- 2 experimental halls 50 m x 90 m (~ 164 ft. x 295 ft.)
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 14
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
Components of XFEL
Schenefeld
2,1 km (~ 6900 ft.) superconducting acceleratorat 2 Degrees Kelvin
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 15
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
DESY
1,2 km (~ 4000 ft.) XRAY-“Junctions“ with the undulators
Components of XFEL
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 16
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
DESY
Experimental hall with thefirst 10 measuring huts
Components of XFEL
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 17
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
Site of Schenefeld
Photon-beam
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 18
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
3. XFEL – Safety concept
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 19
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept is compiled by
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred HaackSTUVA
(Studiengesellschaft für unterirdische Verkehrsanlagen e.V.)
and
the XFEL-workgroups at DESY
The safety concept
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 20
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
Main-targets in case of emergency:
1. Guarantee of Personal Safety
2. Guarantee of Plant Safety
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 21
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
This has to be reached during equipment, run- and maintenance-periods by:
1. Technical measures1.1 Definition of fire- and smoke-separations1.2 Smoke extraction1.3 General safety installation1.4 Installations (cables, transformers, electronics) that
are as fireproof as possibleAND
2. Organizational measures3. Personal measures
The safety concept
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 22
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
Separate consideration of standard buildings and tunnels and shafts
Standard buildings
similar to building regulations of Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein
Technical buildings
similar to Industrial Building Regulation
Experimental hall, tunnels and shafts
Which regulations to use???
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 23
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
Our problem: There are no standards for our XFEL-underground buildings.
Our task:
Definition of our own rules for PAP for these buildings.
The safety concept
Lets focus on buildings:
Experimental hall, tunnels and shafts:
special scientific underground buildings no standards for scientific underground buildings
we proceed similar to traffic tunnels and stations
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 24
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
If we compare traffic tunnels and stations with the XFEL, we have
• underground buildings
• a great number of people (up to several thousand)
• difficult and long escape routes
At XFEL only the number of employees in possible hazardous areas is smaller and we only have instructed and trained people.
The basic rules for traffic tunnels and stations can be adapted to shafts and tunnels.
(Length of tunnels, evacuation speed, safety measures)
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 25
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
Shaft buildings (XSx):
Underground building up (or better down) to 7 floors
Solid fire- and smoke-separation between tunnel and shaft
Smoke detecting system for each building with pushbuttons and evacuation alarm
Escape routes: safety stair case, ladders in media shafts and tunnels
Safety stair cases with overpressure ventilation
Safety elevator for use of fire brigade
Access control system with personal tag
Escape routes < 35 m to next safe area
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 26
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
Entry shaft XSEInjector tunnel XTIN
Injector shaft XSIN
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 27
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
1st Junction shaftXS1
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 28
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
tunnel at the junction shaftnear Osdorfer Born
Standort Osdorfer Born: Strahlverzweigung
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 29
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
LINAC Tunnel (XTL):
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 30
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
LINAC Tunnel (XTL):
Solid fire- and smoke-separation between tunnel and shaft Fire- and smoke-separation inside tunnel each 600 - 700 m long escape routes! 2 escape routes: both directions of tunnel Smoke detecting system
with push buttons and evacuation alarm Smoke extraction channel Access control system with personal tag Oxygen self rescuer for minimum 30 minutes
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 31
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
LINAC Tunnel (XTL):
Separation in the tunnel (600 – 700 m)
Separation wall with three water mist curtains to
wash out possible smoke in case of
a fire
No solid door inside the tunnel to ease transports and work
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 32
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
LINAC Tunnel (XTL):
following definition was made:
Self rescue time(700 m => 1.5 m/s => max. 8 minutes to
reach next safe area)
Rescue by emergency service or fire brigade from 8 minutes on
1.5 m/s = walking speed
(only instructed and little number of employees, compared with passengers in stations, no handicapped persons)
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 33
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
LINAC Tunnel (XTL):
Where is the biggest fire risk for the first 8 min? ??
Cables ?Electronic racks ?Klystrons ?Oil-transformer ?
Smoke extraction through extraction channelwith flaps each 50 m
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 34
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
LINAC Tunnel (XTL):
Fire protection of installations
Cables are not readily combustible (FRNC)
Electronic racks are provided with a gas extinguishing system
Oil-transformers are provided with a water mist extinguishing system
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 35
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
LINAC Tunnel (XTL):
A computer fire simulation was made at STUVA and showed that the decision with max. 700 m separation and 8 minutes self rescue time is acceptable.
After the end of the self rescue time the smoke reaches the separations and sinks down.
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 36
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
Photon Tunnel (XTDs):
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 37
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
Photon Tunnel (XTDs):
Solid fire- and smoke-separation between tunnels and shafts No fire- and smoke-separation inside tunnel, max. 600 m long escape routes! 2 escape routes: both directions of tunnel Smoke detecting system
with push buttons and evacuation alarm Smoke extraction through whole tunnel diameter! Oxigen self rescuer for minimum 30 minutes Access control system with personal tag
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 38
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
• Solid fire- and smoke-separation between tunnel and hall• Smoke detecting system in the hall
with pushbuttons and evacuation alarm• 7 escape routes: 2 safety stair cases, 5 into tunnels• Safety stair cases with overpressure ventilation• Safety elevator for the use of fire brigade• Access control system with personal tag• Escape routes < 35 m• Smoke extraction
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
Experimental Hall (XHEXPx):
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 39
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
Experimental Hall (XHEXPx):
Offices, labs, auditorium
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 40
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
Experimental Hall (XHEXPx):
12.5 m(~ 40 ft.)
Photon tunnel
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 41
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL:
Experimental Hall (XHEXPx): 50 m x 90 m (~ 164 ft. x 295 ft.)
Photon tunnels
Experimental huts
XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northernn Germany The Safety-Concept Stefan Schrader April 2005 42
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser
XFELX-Ray Free-Electron Laser