Post on 02-Jan-2016
description
WWI 1914-1918
The Two Sides
Central Powers
Germany Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Allied PowersEngland,
France, Russia,
United States (1917), Italy,
Serbia,
New TechnologyGuns
The Machine Gun
It was used by both sides, hundreds of rounds a minute could be shot by one person.
Technology:Chemical Weapons
WWI was the first major war to use chemical weapons
Mustard Gas and Chlorine Gas were the two most popular weapons: They caused suffocation, blindness, and death. Over 91,000 died from poison gas
Soldiers would protect themselves using Gas Masks
Technology:The U-boat (Submarine)
Germany’s secret weapon during the war
Sank dozens of British ships, controlled the oceans.
Technology:Airpower
Both sides used aircraft for observation, limited bombing, and air battles
Airplanes were slow, clumsy, and unreliable,
Technology:Tanks
Technology:Tanks
Trench Warfare
Both sides dug long trenches that faced each other. The trenches ran for miles.
From time to time, one side would attempt to cross the “No-Man’s Land” the area in between the trenches.
Trench warfare made WWI extend from a few months of fighting to four years of fighting.
Resulted in a STALEMATE
War on the Homefront
Gov’t took over factories to make Military goods
All had to work (Women took place of men in factories)
Food Administration encouraged people to limit consumption of food and resources/goods necessary for the war effort
Propaganda- one-sided information to keep support for the war
What did the US do to help?
US provided the food, money, and fresh troops needed to win the war
.
How did the War affect the US?
Women
Women filled Factory jobs
Led to the 19th Amendment after the War ( women got the right to vote)
African Americans African American
soldiers served in segregated units
Great Migration – Thousands of African Americans moved north for factory jobs.
John J. Pershing leads American Forces in Europe
American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
General John J. Pershing
First major action in spring 1918
Turning Point of the War
One of the greatest American battles of the war.
AEF shattered the German offences and opened a hole in German lines.
The Battle of the Argonne Forest
Alvin York
American hero, deeply religious, drafted at 29, he fought in the Battle of the Argonne forest. He killed 25 Germans and captured 132 prisoners.
Ending the War (1918)
11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month in 1918 Germany agrees to a cease-fire