WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from

different modes of transport

E.Meijer, P.van VelthovenM.Gauss, I.S.A.Isaksen

O.DessensV.Grewe

D.Caro, D.HauglustaineP.Hoor, P.Jöckel, J.Lelieveld

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transport

Idea: QUANTIFY the effect of different means of transport on the

current state of the atmosphere Setup:

1. Take a number of models (six)2. same initialization, emissions etc … as far as possible3. simulate current conditions (2003) (BASE)4. sensitivity runs to investigate the effect of ROAD SHIP AIR ALL (ROAD + SHIP + AIR)

-5% -5% -5% - 5% each4. later upscaling to 100%

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transport

Status:- Monthly mean output perturbation fields for 2003 available on

server in Oslo (x,a)- Draft of Report and under revision within AC312 (general

assembly)- Timepos files produced for model/obsevation comparison

BASE ROAD SHIP AIR ALL TIMEPOS

TM4 x x x x x x OsloCTM2 x x x x x xp-TOMCAT x x x x x xLMDzINCA x x x x x xE39C ab ab ab ab ab xE5/M1 x b b b b x

a) alternative data provided (tagged ozone, different emissions used)b) problems due to nudging and coupling, perturbation fields discarded,

available on request

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transport

Emissions:

NOx

[Tg(N)/yr]

CO

[Tg(C)/yr]ROAD 6.85

(9.12)31.3

(84)DLR-IVF

SHIP 4.39

(3.0)0.6

(0.046)DNV

AIRCRAFT 0.76 -- AERO2K

Non-traffic 27.8

(22.9)341.3

(249)EDGAR32FT2000

Biogenic(CO) + soil(NO)

6.89

(12.0)48.2

(92.9)MPICHEMBrackets: Annual values from POET based on June

June values provided by M. Gauss

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transport NOx-Emissions: Annual mean NO-flux

ROAD SHIP

AIRCRAFT NON-TRAFFIC + SOIL

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transport CO-Emissions: Annual mean CO-flux

ROAD SHIP

NON-TRAFFIC BIOGENIC

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes

Comparison of models - Ozone BASE case

- Column ozone perturbation - Linearity of approach

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes

Comparison of models: Ozone BASE case (ppbv), July 2003, 1050-800 hPa

TM4 OsloCTM2

LMDzINCA p-TOMCAT

E39C ECHAM5/MESSy

WP 312: Current chemical composition changesComparison of models: Ozone BASE case (ppbv), July 2003, zonal mean

TM4 OsloCTM2

LMDzINCA p-TOMCAT

E39C ECHAM5/MESSy

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes

Comparison of models: Column Ozone Perturbations (DU), July 2003, ALL

TM4 OsloCTM2

LMDzINCA p-TOMCAT

E39C different scale !!!

-similar patterns-absolute numbers vary among CTM's (minima from 3.5 – 5.5 DU)

WP 312: Current chemical composition changesMean column ozone perturbation (DU) derived from all CTM’s

January

0

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6July

0

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

January

15

10

5

0

July

15

10

5

0

Relative standard deviation (%)

2

1

0

-1

-2

2

1

0

-1

-2

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes

Linearity: Column Ozone Perturbations (DU): SUM(perturbations) – Perturbation (ALL emissions)

Sum of individual O3-perturbations (DU)ROAD+SHIP+AIR

O3-perturbation (DU)from ALL emissions reduced

rel. difference (%) January July

all CTM's

Linearity of approach achieved (~1%)

January

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes

Effect of different means of transportation - January / July

- PBL (1000 – 800 hPa)- UTLS (250 hPa)

- seasonal cycles- regional differences

Ozone perturbations (ppbv), by case, 1000 - 800 hPa

January ROAD July

January SHIP July

January AIRCRAFT July

Ozone perturbations (ppbv), by case, 250 hPa

January ROAD July

January SHIP July

January AIRCRAFT July

Ozone perturbations (ppbv), by case, zonal mean

January ROAD July

January SHIP July

January AIRCRAFT July

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transportOzone perturbations (DU) from different means of transport Tropics: 10S - 30NMid latitudes: 30N - 60N Arctic: 60N - 90N 1000 – 600 hPa

600 – 100 hPa

% relative to total column: dashed: PBL, solid: UTLS

SHIPROAD

Ozone perturbations (ppbv), by case, 1000 - 800 hPa

January ROAD July

January SHIP July

January AIRCRAFT July

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transportOzone perturbations from different means of transport in the boundary layer (< 800 hPa) by region as a function of time

East Asia: 100E - 120E , 30N-50NCentral Europe: 10W - 10 E , 40N-60NEastern US: 90W - 70 W , 30N-50N

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transportOzone perturbations from different means of transport in the boundary layer (< 800 hPa) by region as a function of time

East Asia: 100E - 120E , 30N-50NCentral Europe: 10W - 10 E , 40N-60NEastern US: 90W - 70 W , 30N-50N

dashed: example for regional variability of CTM's

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transportOzone perturbations from different means of transport in the UTLS (250 hPa) by region as a function of time

East Asia: 100E - 120E , 30N-50NCentral Europe: 10W - 10 E , 40N-60N Eastern US: 90W - 70 W , 30N-50N

OH-perturbation (104molec/cm3), by case, 1000-800 hPa

January ROAD July

January SHIP July

January AIRCRAFT July

OH perturbations (104 molec/cm3), by case, zonal mean

January ROAD July

January SHIP July

January AIRCRAFT July

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transport

Summary:- Models agree by 15 % calculating the summed effect of traffic

emissions on total ozone- Linear approach successful- Mean maxiumum total column reduction of ozone:

3.5 DU (Jan) – 4.5 DU (July)- discrepancies between models: 3.5 DU – 5.5 DU (July)- PBL: - road emissions: Largest regional effect of on ozone

central Europe, Eastern US, summer- ship emissions: dominating ozone perturbation over the central eastern Atlantic, weaker seasonal cycle- 250 hPa: road emissions during NH-summer ~ 50% of

aircraft effectship emissions of importance in the tropicsimpact of road+ship ~ aircraft

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transport

THANK YOU !

CO perturbations (ppbv), by case, zonal mean

January ROAD July

January SHIP July

January AIRCRAFT July

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transportOzone perturbations from different means of transport in the boundary layer (< 800 hPa) in polluted areas and 30°E downwind

East Asia: 100E - 120E , 30N-50NCentral Europe: 10W - 10 E , 40N-60N dashed: 30E downwindEastern US: 90W - 70 W , 30N-50N

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transportOzone perturbations from different means of transport in the UTLS (250 hPa) by region as a function of time

East Asia: 100E - 120E , 30N-50NCentral Europe: 10W - 10 E , 40N-60N Eastern US: 90W - 70 W , 30N-50N

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes

AIRCRAFT ALL

Zonal mean ozone perturbations (ppbv), January

ROAD SHIP

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes

AIRCRAFT ALL

Zonal mean ozone perturbations (ppbv), July

ROAD SHIP

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transportEmissions:

NOx

[Tg(N)/yr]

CO

[Tg(C)/yr]ROAD 6.85 31.3 DLR-IVF

SHIP 4.39 0.6 DNV

AIRCRAFT 0.76 -- AERO2K

Non-traffic 27.8 341.3 EDGAR32FT2000

Biogenic(CO) + soil(NO)

6.89 48.2 MPICHEM

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transport

Emissions:

NOx

[Tg(N)/yr]

CO

[Tg(C)/yr]ROAD 6.85 31.3 DLR-IVF

SHIP 4.39 0.6 DNV

AIRCRAFT 0.76 -- AERO2K

Non-traffic 27.8 341.3 EDGAR32FT2000

Biogenic(CO) + soil(NO)

6.89 48.2 MPICHEM

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transportOzone perturbations from different means of transport in the boundary layer (< 800 hPa) by latitude as a function of time

Tropics: 10S - 30NMid latitudes: 30N - 60N Arctic: 60N - 90N

Other tracers: - OH

- CO

WP 312: Current chemical composition changes from different modes of transport