Part 2:European ViolencePart 2:European Violence

• Your goal:

Understand the strategies and battles of World War II.

1939 Germany invades Poland.

1940 France surrenders to German; Battle of Britain begins.

1943 Allies defeat Japan at Guadalcanal.

1944 D-Day invasion occurs.

1945 (May) Germany surrenders. (Aug.) Atomic bombs dropped; Japan surrenders.

Time Line

1939 1945

1941 (June) Germans invade Soviet Union. (Dec.) Japan attacks Pearl Harbor.

Violence, 1939–1945

Blitzkrieg on PolandSeptember 1, 1939

Soviet Union

Greater Germany

Defeat of FranceJune 22, 1940

France

Greater Germany

What About Britain?

“Those who can win a war well can rarely make a good peace.

And those who could make a good peace would never have won the war.”

Winston Churchill

British Prime Minister

57 day attack onLondon and theNazis still didn’t win.

This was Hitler’sfirst defeat.

Battle of Britain

June 1940 --- May 1941

Britain got a smuggled German Enigma code making machine.

Now they could understand the Nazis’ encrypted messages.

The invention of radarwas an effective tool for tracking enemy planes .

Lend-Lease Act 1941

• 1935-1937 US Is neutral BY LAW• 1941, Britain is the only Ally left, the

outcome of the war could still be a Nazi Europe

• 1941 Lend-Lease Act gets involved• US businesses can now sell weapons to

the Allies, but they have to pick them up here.

Greer Incident 1941

• German submarine fires on the US destroyer Greer

• It is not the first time U-boats fire on American ships in World War II

• Greer was not innocent• President Roosevelt then ordered the Navy

to shoot U-boats on sight.

• US is now more involved, but this is not a declaration of war --- yet.

Greer Incident 1941

USS Greer

Barbarossa 1941

Germany invades the Soviet Union

Leningrad Blockade1941-1944

• Germans fully encircled the city• Attacked the city for 900 days• Blockade: cut off from outside world• Winter: no heating, no water supply,

almost no electricity and very little food

• City did not surrender

Stalingrad 1942-1943

• Germans encircled city

• Inner city fighting

• Red Army surrounded Germans and won the battle

• Mussolini was arrested by the Fascist party

• Nazis rescued him and put him in northern Italy.

Allies Invade Italy 1943

• Mussolini was arrested by the Fascist party

• Nazis rescued him and put him in northern Italy.

D-Day Invasion 1944

• Germans expected an invasion

• We made them think it would come from Dover

• Check out the inflatable tank

• We attacked at Normandy

D-Day Invasion 1944

• Allies took back France

• Hitler was fighting both West and East

• Germans pushed deep into France

• See the bulge?

Battle Of The Bulge 1944

Germany Surrenders 1945

Germany Surrenders 1945

Hitler commits suicide as Allied troops approach.

Mussolini tries to escape to Switzerland, but is captured and hung.

1. What is lebensraum?

a) a city in Germany

b) living space

c) a Nazi general

d) a kind of sandwich

2. Anschluss is

a) a Russian winter

b) racism against Jews

c) the joining of Austria and Germany

d) a river in Czechoslovakia

3.The Blitzkrieg on Poland was important because

a) Poland had never been in a war before

b) Hitler never authorized it

c) It was the start of fighting in World War II

d) Russia tried to stop it

4. In 1936, Hitler sent troops to occupy a river valley between Germany and

France called

a) The Rhineland

b) The Wineland

c) Seine River Valley

d) Versailles Canyon

5. Hitler wanted the Sudetenland from

Czechoslovakia because

a) It had too many Jews in it

b) He wanted the trees

c) He used to live there

d) There were Germans living there

6. Trying to solve a problem by giving someone what they

want is called

a) apportionment

b) appeasement

c) aftershock

d) punchless

7. After attacking Poland, Hitler next attacked

a) the Soviet Union

b) Britain

c) North Dakota

d) France

8. In 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union signed a

nonaggression pact because

a) they have always been friends

b) they wanted to divide up Poland

c) the United States made them

d) they needed money

9. After World War I, the Weimar Republic was

a) Germany’s official government

b) A country in Africa

c) Hitler’s political party

d) a Dutch trading company

10. When Hitler was in prison, he wrote a book titled

a) Night

b) Mein Kampf

c) Germany Over All

d) Supersize Me