World is so diverse Classification The grouping of information or objects based on similarities We...

World is so diverse

Classification

The grouping of information or objects based on similarities

We classify things all the time (creates order) Stores Lane Text Book

Classification Taxonomy branch of biology that

names and groups organisms

A good classification system Places organisms in a group with

other similar organisms

Uses names that are unique

Can change as new data is

discovered

Shows relationships between

organisms

ARISTOTLE

What is this?

Pacific spiny lobster- rock lobster-crayfish

Can get confusing. Real name is Panulirus interruptus

What is this called?

Common Names

Pill bug Sow bug Roly polies Wood lice Potato bug………..all are common names for

same bugScientific name: Armadillidium vulgare

Need for naming system

We need to be able to identify/name each species

Common names: confusing Scientific names: refer to one species

ONLY that everyone

Carolus Linnaeus

Swedish botanist who devised a new classification system

This system is still used today!

The Linnaeus System

Organisms are grouped in a hierarchy of 7 different taxonomic levels or Taxons

Each organism has a two part scientific name

=Binomial Nomenclature

Linnaean System Hierarchical classification using seven

categories or taxa, listed in order from largest to smallest groupings: (Domain was later added before kingdom) Kingdom Kings Phylum Play Class Cards Order On Family Fine Genus Grained SpeciesSand

Species - a group of individuals that actually or potentially interbreed in nature

Binomial Nomenclature: Hippocampus abdominalis is the scientific name for a big belly seahorse Genus (first word)

Noun, Capitalized

Species (second word) Descriptive, Lower Case

Underlined or Italicized Humans - Homo sapiensRed Oak - Quercus rubra

Domains and Kingdoms

6 Kingdom System Archaebacteria

Bacteria

Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia

3 Domain System

Archaea

Bacteria

Eukarya

Prokaryotes

Prokaryotes: (pro- means before, and -karyote means

nucleus) First type of cells to evolve Very small Unicellular Two Types: Archaebacteria and

Eubacteria

Prokaryote Basic Structure

Common Prokaryote Shapes

EUKARYOTES Emerged 1.6-2.1 Billion years ago

Kingdoms: Animals, Plants, Fungi, and Protists

Characteristics: Complex structure with Nucleus and Membrane-

Bound Organelles

Unicellular and Multicellular

The classification of the common dolphin is as follows:

PHYLUM: Chordata (all animals with backbones)

CLASS: Mammalia (all the mammals) ORDER: Cetacea (whales and dolphins) FAMILY: Delphinidae (dolphins and killer

whales) GENUS: Delphinus SPECIES: delphis (unique combination of

names for the common dolphin)

Some questions…

1) Which choice lists the groups in order of decreasing variety?

A. species, genus, family, phylum

B. genus, species, kingdom, phylum

C. kingdom, phylum, genus, species

Some questions…

2) Which choice is most closely related to Acer rubrum?

A. Rubrum acer

B. Acer saccharum

C. Quercus acer

D. Quercus rubrum

Some questions…

3) Which is an acceptable way to write the scientific name for humans?

A. Homo Sapiens

B. Homo Sapiens

C. homo sapiens

D. Homo sapiens

Some questions…

4) Which is true of two plants that belong in the same genus ?

A. they must be in the same family

B. they must be the same species

C. they must be the same color

D. they can't be in the same phylum

Some questions…

5) Who originated the system of binomial nomenclature ?

A. Darwin

B. Linnaeus

C. Hooke

D. Aristotle

World is so diverse Classification The grouping of information or objects based on similarities We...

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Transcript of World is so diverse Classification The grouping of information or objects based on similarities We...

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