Post on 13-Jul-2020
Working towards P-recovery from sludge ash in Copenhagen
Dines Thornberg. PhD
Development Manager, BIOFOS
Peter Jørgensen , BIOFOS
IWA Sweden, April 11 20181
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BIOFOS catchment area
9 share holders8 utilities (customers)1,2 mill. inhabitants3 WWTPs60 km sewer transmission pipes (BIOFOS operated)
15 MUNICIPALTIES
WWTP Lynetten
WWTP Damhusåen
WWTP Avedøre5 km
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WWTP
Avedøre
Damhusåen
Design-
kapacitet PE
Spildevand
mio. m3
Energi
solgt Mwh
Fosfor
tilført tons
1.000.000 64,8 55.944 457
345.000 26,4 7.078 159
350.000 30,6 6.365 193
1.695.000 121,8 69.387 809
2014
BIOFOS total
Lynetten
Incineration
• All sewage sludge in BIOFOS have been digested and incinerated for more than 25 years
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Lynetten (Construction 2011)
Avedøre
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• Independance-use of sludge in agriculture is sensitive in the public debate
• The sludge does not meet environmental standards
• No transport through the city
Reasons for incineration
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Digestedsludge
Incineration plant. Lynetten
Ash characterization
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Stof Enhed Max Min Max Min
Arsen mg/kg ts. 20 5 20 10 25
mg/kg ts. 300 100 200 100
mg/kg tot P 3.000 1.000 2.000 1.000 10.000
mg/kg ts. 5 2 7 3
mg/kg tot P 50 20 70 30 100
Chrom mg/kg ts. 50 20 150 40 100
Fosfor mg/kg ts. 100.000 70.000 120.000 80.000
Kobber mg/kg ts. 900 500 900 500 1.000
mg/kg ts. 0,3 0,02 7 0,3
mg/kg tot P 3 0,2 70 3 200
mg/kg ts. 80 30 120 50
mg/kg tot P 800 300 1200 500 2.500
Zink mg/kg ts. 3.000 1.500 2.400 1.400 4.000
Bly
Cadmium
Kviksølv
Nikkel
Lynetten Avedøre
RenseanlægAskens
sammensætning
Slambek
endtgør
elsen
WWTP tons DM/y kg P/t DM tons P/y
Lynetten 4.600 70-100 320-460
Avedøre 3.100 80-120 250-370
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• Landfill• Use in concrete production• Use in production of insulation material• Use in road construction • Recover Phosphorus followed by one of the above
Options for ash disposal
Potential BIOFOS P recovery
BIOFOS has the largest ‘Phosphorus-bank’ in Denmark
• WWTP Lynetten: ca. 200.000 tons SSA
• WWTP Avedøre: ca. 80.000 tons SSA
• Estimated total P : ca. 18-20.000 tons
• Ready for recovery as soon as a feasible technology exists
About 800 tons P /y in the wastewater
• Recovery on a running basis
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SSA: Sewage Sludge Ash
P-recovery from ashes– some options we have looked at
1. Ecophos 2. Easy Mining – Ash2Phos
4. DTU-Byg - Elektrodialyse3. STEAG Biolite
..even more options
Remondis TetraPhos – pilot in Hamburg
Crystal-P
ICL Recophos – P4
Decision parameters
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• Technology Readiness Level
• Cost
− Capex & Opex
• Recovery and Environmental impact
− % phosphorus
− Minerals and heavy metals
• Market
− for P
− for other components
Valley of death
Technologies for P-recovery – Ult. 2017D
eger
eeo
f re
cove
ry
0 Technology Readiness Level 9
Evaporation Struvite
100%
Biolite
Struvite, sludge
EcophosEasyMi-ning
0% Concept Lab Pilot Prototype FFR Shelf
Rejectwater
Ash
EDS
Closing remarks
• P-recovery from ashes is not yet a shelf technology, but several candidates are close
• The conditions in Germany a. o. is a strong driver for the development
• Framework conditions for Danish water utilities is both encouraging and inhibiting the implementation
• P-recovery is not a part of BIOFOS’ core task, but it is one of our strategic goals to reuse / recover all products from the wastewater treatment
• With our present framework, we estimate a slightly positive business case for P-recovery – with a high degree of uncertainty
• On this background we envisage that investments for a possible plant must come from external sources
• BIOFOS would like to be an active partner in possible First Full-scale Reference trials
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Thank you for your attention
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