Post on 01-Apr-2015
What’s the Matter?
Matter
Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass
Law of Conservation of Matter
Statement that matter can change from one form to another but can not be created or destroyed
Properties
Are characteristics or descriptions that make an object unique to other objects
Two kinds of Properties Physical
Can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter
Chemical Matter that can change into new matter with different
properties
Physical Properties
Color Luster Size Composition Elasticity Malleability
Physical Properties
Volume Density Mass States of matter Thermal conductivity Solubility
1. Color and Size
Red Small Green Medium Blue Large Etc.
2. Luster
Ability to reflect light Shiny metals, glass, mirrors, etc.
3. Composition
Refers to what an object is made of Wood Glass Plastic Cork
4. Elasticity
Refers to how much the object will bend or stretch without breaking and return to its original shape
5. Malleability
Ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets Ex. Aluminum foil
6. Volume
Refers to the amount of space an object occupies
Volume can be found by 2 methods Measuring Water displacement
7. Density
Refers to the amount of matter in a given space or volume Density can be found by using the
following formula Density = Mass divided by volume
8. Mass
Refers to the amount of matter in an object Mass can be found by using a triple
beam balance scale
9. Weight
Refers to the pull of gravity on an object You can measure the weight of an object
by using a spring scale
Mass and weight are not the same thing Ex. You will weigh less on the moon than
on earth because the moons gravity is 1/6 that of the earths
10. States of Matter
Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
11. Solubility
is the ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance
ex. Flavored drink mix dissolves in water
12. Thermal Conductivity
Is the rate at which a substance transfers thermal (heat) energy Ex. Foam cups do not transfer thermal energy
Solids
Have a definite size and shape Can change to a liquid if heat is
added known as the melting point Particles are packed very closely
together Particles can not move only vibrate back
and forth
Liquids
Takes the shape of the container but has a definite volume
Can be changed to a solid at 32 degrees Fahrenheit (freezing point) 0 degrees Celsius
Can be changed to a gas at 212 degrees Fahrenheit (boiling point) This is referred to as evaporation 100 degrees Celsius Particles are loosely packed together Shake fast and move around easily
.
Gas
Does not have a definite shape or size
Fills any space that is empty Particles are very far apart Particles move freely in all directions
Plasma
Plasma Does not have a definite shape or
volume and the particles have broken apart example: lightning, fire, and aurora borealis
Chemical Properties
Reactivity with Oxygen-forms a new substance Iron rusts
Nonreactivity with Oxygen- does not react Chrome bumpers on cars do not rust
Flammability- easily burns Propane gas burns easily-used in stoves and ovens
Nonflammability- does not burn easily Aluminum or metal pots to cook in
The End