8.2 PHOTOSYNTHESISWHAT YOU WILL LEARN-the two phases of photosynthesis [ describe / diagram ]-the role structures in chloroplast play in photosynthesis-factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis

MAIN IDEA-LIGHT energy CHEMICAL energy-plants absorb LIGHT ENERGY to create CHEMCIAL ENERGY [glucose]

SONG- PHOTOSYNTHESIS RAP

OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESISLIST organisms that carry out photosynthesis-photoautotrophs  LIST the organelle where photosynthesis takes place

 -chloroplast thylakoid stromaIDENTIFY the chemical equation for photosynthesis:__________ + __________ __________ + ___________

[REACTANTS] light [PRODUCTS] IDENTIFY the energy form used during photosynthesis

chemcial light

IDENTIFY the energy form produced during photosynthesis chemcial light

6CO2 6H2O 6O2 C6H12O6

-INTERNAL STRUCTURE: leaf tissue

CHLOROPLAST

IMPORTANT STRUCTURES

IMPORTANT STRUCTURES- CHLOROPLASTCHLOROPLAST-located in the cell of leaves-found in the middle layer

THYLAKOIDS - “coins” -phase I GRANUM- “stack of coins”

STROMA- space -phase II

INNER/OUTER MEMBRANE -phospholipid bilayer -carbs transported across membrane

IMPORTANT STRUCTURES- CHLOROPLAST

DRAW

Open Closed

STOMATA-openings in leaf allow exchange of water/gases

GUARD CELLS-open & close stomata by changing shapePhotosynthesis Animation

IMPORTANT STRUCTURES- PLANT

IMPORTANT STRUCTURES- PIGMENTSPIGMENTS-light absorbing colored molecules-found in thylakoids of chloroplast

CHLOROPHYLL-major light absorbing pigment in plants

-gathers sunlight-absorbs light in all wavelengths [violet-blue]

-EXCEPT GREEN / Reflects GREEN

FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE RATE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS1-TEMPERATUREEx-molecule move quickly/speed up-temp 35C/95F destroy enzyme/rate2-LIGHT INTENSITYEx-reach max rate3-CO2 CONCENTRATIONEx-increase4-WATEREx-shortage slows/stomata close -rate of gas exchange 5-MINERALSEx-Mg/Nchlorophyll

PHASE ONE: LIGHT REACTIONSPHASE I-

NAME:

OCCURS IN:

STARTS WITH:

PRODUCES:

light-dependent

Light reactions

thylakoids

light energy

-O2 [wastes]-ATP / NADPH [energy/ fully charged]

H2O

PHASE ONE: LIGHT REACTIONS

ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

photosystem II

photosystem I

PHASE ONE: LIGHT REACTIONSPHOTOSYSTEM IIELECTRON CARRIER-convert ADP and NADP+ energy carriers ATP and NADPHPHOTOSYSTEM I

-sunlight splits water molecules-H2O -releases oxygen gas- O2 [waste product]

-excites electrons ~ e- gain ENERGY-H+ (protons) needed to make food [ATP synthesis]

PHASE TWO: CALVIN CYCLEPHASE 2-

NAME:

OCCURS IN:

STARTS WITH:

PRODUCES:

The Calvin Cycle

light-independent

CALVIN CYCLE

stroma

ATP [energy]NADPH [high energy electrons]

-GLUCOSE [6 carbon sugar]-ADP / NADP+ [uncharged ]

CO2

PHASE ONE/PHASE TWOIMPORTANCE-O2 -GLUCOSE

PHASE ONE / PHASE TWO - DIAGRAM

PHOTOSYNTHESIS PHASES in CHLOROPLAST

H2OCO2

O2

C6H12O6

THYLAKOIDSTROMANADP+NADPHADPATPLIGHT REACTIONSCALVIN CYCLE

-photosystem II-electron transport-photosystem I

PHASE ONE / PHASE TWO - DIAGRAMTHYLAKOID STROMA

H2O

O2

CO2

C6H12O6

LIGHT REACTIONS

Photo IElectron transPhoto II

NADP+

ADP

ATP

NADPH

CALVINCYCLE