Post on 03-Jan-2016
• What PERSIAGM problems exist
• Changes to the empire after the Austro-Prussian War…
• Problems to come?
• “Old Dying Man”• Where is there
the most unrest?• Stories of cracks?
Tsars’ Disasters
• Lineage of Czars– Alexander I = 1801-1825– Nicholas I = 1825-1855– Alexander II = 1855-1881– Alexander III = 1881-1894– Nicholas II = 1894-1917
• These Czars will leave Nicholas II with many problems (déjà vu!!)
• Goals in 1800s for these Czars? (2)– Modernize (how?)– Become Democratic (?)
• 3 Pillars (pillars? or stilts)– Autocracy– Orthodoxy,– Nationalism
(heritage)• Modernization?
– NO• Begins Crimean
War
• loses Crimean War from 1854-1856– Exposed as backwards
• Tries reforms– 1861 = ???
• Problem = serfs still poor and with little work
– Improved government• trial by jury
• reforms push socialists and liberals into wanting MORE!!!– Tsar tries to repress his
previous reforms– 1881 = assassinated!!
• Harsh in response of his father’s assassination– exiled opponents– tried to wipe out liberals
• Russificiation = ???– persecutes minority groups
(Poles, Jews, Fins, Armenians)
– Pogroms = ??• 1890 Industrialization
starts…75 years too late– Trans-Siberian Railroad– cities grow…problems grow– socialists gain supporters in
cities
• Feudalism and Industrialization…• Democratization? Reform? Who still has total power?
– Autocracy in the Czar!!
• Czars begin to industrialize in 1890s– More factories, cities,
SLUMS!!• Awful conditions and NO
REFORMS = ? – SOCIALISM and
COMMUNISM GROWS– Workers are RESTLESS!!
• Proletariat is still small!!
• 1894-1895, Russia loses Russo-Japanese War!!!
• It is January 1905, and your people have come to your Winter Palace in St. Petersburg
– What are they asking for?
• This is a pivotal moment in your reign…what orders could you leave for your guards?
• Czars guards shoot & attack protestors• Hundreds of Russians killed• Czar Nicholas “saddened” by the event• Called “Bloody Sunday”
• What did people do next?
• Conclusion = October Manifesto
• What have absolute rulers done to “legislative branches” before?
• PM Pyotr Stolypin– Crushed “Rev Orgs”– More pogroms and
Russification• By 1914, little reform
OctoberManifestoand effects
• What does he write and when?• What is the impact of the work? Think PSM