What is statistics?

Statistics ?

Statistics is something

complicated math;

related to numbers, tables & charts;

applied to elections & polls.

related to probability;

?

Why do we need to learn?

Study statistics

to get a good score ?

to get a good job ?

to get a degree ?

The answer might be

"statistics is useful in our everyday life."

How & Why ?

What is "statistics" ?

Is that something related to probability?

Probability?

" 삼신할머니 랜덤 덕에 부모 잘 만나 세상

편하게 사는 남자 , 저랑 놀 주제 못 됩니다”

Boy, who enjoy the easy life owing to the random trial of Grandmother triads, is not match with me.

" 월식이나 일식이나 어디까지 확률에 근거한 계산법이라 오차가 있을 수 있다 "

(Dialogue in Korean drama “Qeen Sonduck” depicting 6C history)

Monk Wol-chon:

“Solar eclipse and lunar eclipse are the matter of computation

methods based on probability. So there must be errors.”

History of probability & statistics

Europeans considered the idea of probability and errors

only in

16th century, but we Korean knew the concept of

PROBABILITY even in 6th century. How really wonderful,

Korean is, or Korean drama is !

……

Potatoes in " 주몽 (Jumong)"

In Korean drama, we Korean had eaten potatoes before

Columbus discovered the new world, and even earlier

than the era of Jesus.

Then, what is "probability" ?

Forrest Gump: My momma always said,

"Life was like a box of chocolates.

You never know what you're gonna get."

"Life was like a box of chocolates.

You never know what you're gonna get."

"Life is probabilistic (random)"

Selection & Unknown outcome

Selection & Unknown outcome

= Probabilistic (random)

"Random" means

phenomena or being related to the phnomena in which outcome of a selection cannot be determined by the intention of the selector or people who have interest.

"Probability" is

the quantitative concept that explains the random phenomena.

종로 영동청량리

을지로

He is considered to know the ends of

the destinations that he will

select. Not random (for him)!

How many times will they clap the scissors ?

Is the number random ?

Because the number is determined by the intention of themselves.

No, it's not random (for sellers) !

Yes, it's random to onlookers.

Because onlookers do not determine

the number of clapping.

Probability

The device that prevent the selectors from

selecting by their intention.

Urn

Transparent or Opaque ?

In probabilistic thought, we assume

two worlds. The one is the world we

observed and the other is the world

we wanted to observe.

two worlds

sample population

Sample :

The set of elements that are observed.

Population :

The total set. The set we want to

know.

Only a part of population is observed.

sample

observation

Statistics ?

Statistics

Statistics :

The way to see the characteristics of population based on the information obtained from sample.

statistics

probability

probability vs. statistics

sampling

inference

Why do we need statistics (inference) ?

Just with partial observations, to drawgeneral conclusion for all of population.

All of the observed are black.

observed unobserved

All balls are black.

?

statistics

The blind, they didn't know statistics,

and they couldn't combine their partial

information well.

If they had known statistics, ….

Statistics

實事求是

사실에 입각하여 진리를 탐구하려는 태도와 방법

즉 눈으로 보고 귀로 듣고 손으로 만져 보는 것과

같은 실험과 연구를 거쳐 아무도 부정할 수 없는

객관적 사실을 통하여 정확한 판단과 해답을

얻고자 하는 것이 실사구시이다 .

實事求是 = scientific methodology ?

The attitude and methodology that study the truth based on the reality,by doing experiments or by observing things, to get the correct answers and the right decisions.

Statistics implements 實事求是 .

STATISTICS is

the main body of scientific methodology.

Thank you !!