What does the person being interviewed want to create?

Daan Roosegaarde Interview about creating glowing plants

https://www.dezeen.com/2014/03/24/movie-sxsw-daan-roosegarde-glow-in-

dark-trees/

What does…

• BIO=

• TECHNOLOGY=

SO….

Life

The real life use/ application of science

What is BIOtechnology Any Way????

• Manipulating living organisms using various types of technology to produce more useful qualities:

– Using better genes and traits

• Allows the best or desired traits to be expressed.

Research in Biotechnology1. Help humans create crops that can be frost resistant2. Use transgenic organisms to help medical

researchers model human physiology for testing3. Help industry to create bacteria to break down

pollutants into harmless products4. Pharmaceutical companies use recombinant DNA to

cheaply produce human hormones (insulin) and other proteins

5. Help solve crimes and determine familial relationships

Genetic Engineering= when an organism’s genes are

manipulated on purpose

Basically, causing a change in the genetic code of another living thing

What is a TRANSGENIC Organisms?• Let’s break apart the word:

– Trans =

–Genic =

–Organism =

• Transgenic Organisms are:

– It is an organism that has had genes inserted(or moved into) from a different organism

– Transgenic organisms are made from combining different DNA

Changing

Relating to genes or DNA

Something living

What is Genetically Modified Food (GMO)

• It is a crop or food that has been intentionally modified, altered or changed.

What is Selective Breeding…

• A type of genetic engineering

• Choosing organisms (plants, animals) with the best traits (genes) and breeding them together to produce better (bigger, stronger) offspring

What is Recombinant DNA

• When DNA from two different organisms come together, the DNA becomes RECOMBINANT DNA

– What does recombinant (recombine) mean?

• The organism that receives the recombinant DNA will use it as if it were its own DNA.

How did THIS happen?!

Glow-in-the-dark PIGS?!

• A desired gene from one organism (the glow gene from a fire fly) was inserted into the DNA of a pig

• Through MITOSIS the pig’s cells began replicating the glow-in-the-dark gene (the desired gene)

Also know as…

• Transgenic Organisms

How do scientists create DNA?

• Its all about using BACTERIA!

• This is because bacteria have DNA rings called PLASMIDS.

Steps for Creating a Transgenic Organism

1. Remove the plasmid

2. Cut the bacterial DNA using restriction enzymes

3. Remove and cut a desired gene from a different organisms (foreign DNA)

Steps for Creating a Transgenic Organism

3. Remove and cut a desired gene from a different organisms (foreign DNA)

4. Then glue a piece of foreign (human, plant, animal) DNA back into the plasmid using the enzyme Ligase.

5. Insert the plasmid back into the Bacteria

6. Now, the bacteria will reproduce the new gene (in the plasmid DNA) to make larger quantities of the desired gene or trait.

All bacteria are…

• IDENTICAL

– REMEMBER: bacteria divide using asexual reproduction!

• SO…

Every new bacteria will be making exact copies of the desired gene!

Applications of Recombinant DNA

• Bacteria– used to produce hormones,

antibiotics and Insulin

• Plants– made to be resistant to herbicides

and Pesticides

• Animals – Cloning– Replacement of genes which cause

disorders (aka Gene Therapy)• Such as Cystic Fibrosis• Severe Combined Immunodeficiency

Practice Test Questions:1. What is one way transgenic organisms have been utilized by scientists to benefit society?

To produce healthier crops

2. What is a transgenic organism?

An organism with genes/ DNA from another organism

3. What will most likely result from engineering crops that are more resistant to drought?

The ability to produce more plants

Practice Test QuestionBacillus thuringiensis, a bacterium commonly known as Bt, produces a protein that can kill certain insects that feed on corn crops. Scientists have been successful in transferring the gene that codes for this protein from the bacterium to the corn, so the corn can now make the Bt protein. Corn borers, insects that eat corn, die when they feed on corn containing the Bt protein. A potential problem associated with increased production of Bt corn is

A. corn borers may stop feeding on corn plants

B. corn borers may develop resistance to the Bt protein

C. farmers may need to use less pesticide to control corn borers

D. corn borers may compete with other insects

Great job if you knew the answer was B!

Go to SocrativeClick student login

Use room number 336487Type your name: “Last name, first name”

You can take the quiz two times

The quiz is open notes!

Once you finish the quiz (336487):

Now flip your paper over and complete the back using the stations hanging around the room. Turn this in to Mr.

Shimko when you finish.

Once you finish the quiz, finish these:

1. Finish Biotechnology station paper and turn in

2. RNA and Protein Synthesis Gizmo Online Lab paper

3. Paper with questions 1-28 (using the book) and DNA diagram on the back

4. Transcription and translation coloring sheet

5. Protein Synthesis Webquest