Post on 02-Jan-2016
Welcome to
HALABJA WILL REMAIN IN OUR HEART& WILL NEVER BE FORGOTTEN
A brief history of Halabja• Halabja was built in 1850s or older than that.
• Jaff tribe was the founder of Halabja
• Halabja lies in northeast of Iraq, and is 80 km from the south eastern city of Sulaimaniyah and 16 km away from Iran.
• Population of Halabja (including surrounding villages)• In 1977: 90,000• In 1990s: 120,000
• The religion of the vast majority of people of Halabja is Islam.
• Their native language is Kurdish.
Halabja before the attack• Since 1889, Halabja has been the site of struggle and
confrontation between the Jaff tribes and their opponents.
• The most famous leader of Jaff tribe was Adila Khanim who was a lady ruled Halabja from 1909 to 1924.
• Between 1930s and 1980s there were several political activities and movements in Halabja, and some political groups and parties appeared and established their cells there.
• Halabja has been bombarded by Iraqi armed forces several times:
• In 1963, by General Zayeem Sadiq• In 1974, by Baath Regime• In 1987, by Baath Regime
Three days before the attack
The catastrophe of Hallabja chemical bombardment time is night of 13th /14th March 1988.
Morning of 16th March 1988Sun is rising
People flood into the streets, bazaars and alleys
Beautiful spring & spotless sky
Preparation to lunch
The massacre of Halabja16th March 1988
Saddam and Ali Hassan Al-Majid (Chemical Ali) were sentenced to death (executed) after the liberation of Iraq
30th Dec 2006 25th Jan 2010
Who supplied the chemicals?!!
• Precursor chemicals and manufacturing equipment came from a variety of sources - the government of Iraq had a great deal of indigenous capacity for manufacturing the weapons.
• Many of the shells found at Halabja have Soviet markings.• With regard to Western companies, there is data pointing
to 85 German, 19 French, 18 British and 18 US suppliers. - BBC News Magazine, taken from Christine Gosden, Liverpool University
Recognition of Halabja attack and Saddam’s campaign against Kurds as
genocide by UK parliament
Halabja now!