Windows Server 2012 Hyper-VVirtual Machine MobilityHans VredevoortHyper-V MVP

MVP

@hvredevoortwww.hyper-v.nu

Agenda• Welcome• VM Mobility in the past• VM Mobility today• VM Mobility in the future• Q&A

VM Mobility in the past

VM Mobility in the past

• Export/Import• Quick Migration• Quick Storage Migration• (Classic) Live Migration

Live Migration in Windows Server 2008 R2

Since2008 R2

Dedicated 1Gb Link

Within Clusters

No Queueing

One at a time

No Priorities

16 nodes

PowerShell

Host 1 Host 2

Config

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How Live Migration worked in R2

Live Migration is not High AvailabilityHigh Availability• Cluster host dies• VM fails over to another host and boots up (minimal

downtime)• ReactiveLive Migration• Load balancing, VM relocation, host maintenance• VM is live migrated with no downtime to services• Proactive

VM Mobility today

Virtual Machine Import

Virtual Machine Import Requests• Import without Export• Simply register a VM• Fix problems during import• Import using PowerShell

Improvements to VM Import

Point to Directory

Register RestoreCopy

Fix up VM during Import

Add/RemoveClustered VM Role

Add/Remove VM RoleRequests• Add VM role while VM is online• Remove VM role while VM is online

Improvements add/remove clustered VM roleIn WS2012• Online addition/removal high availability VM role• Via High Availability Wizard• Via PowerShell

DemoOnboarding VMs in Cluster

Live Migration in 2008 R2 is great!But how can we make it better?

VM Mobility in Windows Server 2012Requests• Make it faster!• Support simultaneous live migration• Queue up live migrations• Allow us to set priorities• Perform as many live migrations as network and

hardware allows• Make it easier to do with in-box tools• Remove all the barriers around mobility

New in WS2012• Parallel Live Migration• Live Migration queuing• Multi-select for Live Migration in Failover Cluster

Manager• Live Migration considers VM Priority• Live Migration uses network more effectively• It is now possible to saturate a 10 GbE link• Live Migration is 70% faster than it was in the past

Improvements in Live Migration

• Inside a cluster with traditional shared storage• Inside a cluster with SMB storage• Between non-clustered hosts with shared SMB storage• Between non-clustered hosts with no shared storage• Between hosts in different clusters without shared

storage• Between clustered and non-clustered hosts with no

shared storage and vice versa

Live Migration directions

Startup Priority

Startup PriorityAvailable Priorities High, Medium, Low, No Auto Start Clustered roles with higher priority are started and are

placed on nodes before those with lower priority If cluster is short of resources: preemption kicks inHow are the VMs migrated? High and Medium Priority VMs use Live migration If cluster is out of capacity High Priority VMs are

placed and Lower Priority VMs are saved

VM Priority and MoveTypeThresholdVirtual Machine Priorities

Low Priority VMs use Quick Migration! VMs with priority ≥ 2000 will be moved using live

migration VMs with priority < 2000 will be moved using quick

migration Default MoveTypeThreshold: 2000

Get-ClusterResourceType “Virtual Machine” | Set-ClusterParameter MoveTypeThreshold 1000

VM Priority

Value

High 3000

Medium 2000

Low 1000

No Autostart

0

DemoWindows Server 2012 Live Migration

Storage Migration

Storage MigrationRequests• No downtime involved• Move any part of a running VM with no need to turn it

off• Perform storage upgrades with no downtime• Respond to I/O bottlenecks with no downtime

New in WS2012• Live Storage Migration• Move the Storage of a running VM• Move storage between CSVs• Move from CSV to SMB Share or vice versa• Live Migration without Shared Storage• Great feature for “Cluster onboarding”• Possibility to move VM & storage between Clusters

Live Storage Migration

1. Reads/writes go to source VHD (or VHDX)• During most of the move operation

2. Disk contents are copied to the new destination VHD• While reads/writes occur on source VHD

3. Disk writes are mirrored to both source & destination VHDs• After initial disk copy is complete• Virtual outstanding disk changes are replicated

4. VM Live Migration is initiated • After source and destination VHDs are completely synchronized• Using same process as Live Migration

5. Storage Migration completion• Once VM is running successfully on the destination server• The files on the source server are deleted

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Live Storage Migration procedure

DemoWindows Server 2012 Live Storage Migration

Live Migration without shared storage

Live Migration without shared storage• You can now live migrate a VM between two

standalone servers with no shared infrastructure• Entire VM moved with no perceived downtime

1. Configuration2. Storage3. Memory4. State

Live MigrationSecurity Failures

• Live Migration within cluster• No need to enable Live Migration in the host settings

• Live Migration between hosts or clusters• You need to enable Live Migration in the host settings

• Two authentication types• CredSSP (Credential Security Provider)

http://download.microsoft.com/download/9/5/E/95EF66AF-9026-4BB0-A41D-A4F81802D92C/%5BMS-CSSP%5D.pdf

• Quick and dirty• You can only push from the server you are logged into• Not from other server or management console

• Kerberos authentication• Allows authorized Hyper-V administrators to run LM from any domain member• Not required to log into host to push a VM

CredSSP versus Constrained Delegation

• In the GUI• Enable the advanced view in ADUC• Edit the properties of the host’s computer account• Edit the Delegation tab• Add the required computer accounts• Add the required service types to delegate• Reboot the host that you just modified the computer object of

• In PowerShell

CredSSP versus Constrained Delegation

http://www.aidanfinn.com/?p=13711

Kerberos Constrained Delegation with SMB 3.0 Storage

• Delegate Microsoft Virtual System Migration Service for every other possible LM host

• Delegate CIFS for every possible file share that LM VMs will be stored on.

• Use the computer account of the Scale-Out File Server (SOFS) if using SOFS, and not the node members.

Kerberos Constrained Delegation for Shared Nothing Live Migration

• Microsoft Virtual Machine Migration Service for every other possible LM host

• CIFS for every other possible LM host

DemoLive Migration Without Shared Storage

Live Migration requirements

In common• Two or more servers running Hyper-V• Support hardware virtualization• Are using processors from same manufacturer• Belong to same AD domain or trusted domains

• VMs must be configured to use• Virtual hard disks (VHD/VDHX)• Fibre Channel disks• No physical disks

• Use of private network is recommended• For Live Migration traffic

Live Migration requirements

In Cluster• Windows Failover Clustering is enabled and configured• Cluster Shared Volumes (CSV) is enabled

With SMB 3.0 storage• All files of VM are stored on SMB share• Permissions on SMB share grant access to computer

accounts of all servers running Hyper-V

With Shared Nothing Live Migration• No additional requirements

• Identical to VMware Raw Device Mapping• Live Migration in Windows Server 2012 does not

support pass-through disks: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2834898

• Why use pass-through disks when you have VHDX?• Greater flexibility• Great scalability (~64TB)• Near native disk speed

Live Migration and pass-through disks

Anti Affinity using PowerShell

$AAgroups = New-Object System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection

$AAgroups.Add("myAAgroup1") $AAgroups.Add("myAAgroup2")

(Get-ClusterGroup "MyVMName").AntiAffinityClassNames = $AAgroups

VM Mobility in the future

Live Migrate between datacenters

Drag & Drop between two Cities

Move a VM from New Jersey to New York

Using fast, low latency networks

Private Cloud Hosted Cloud

Public Cloud

VMM will make sure using Hyper-V Network Virtualization, that we’ll reconfigure the underlying fabric so that the application can continue to operate seamlessly, while the underlying fabric is reconfigured

VM Mobility in the near and distant future Stretch out between clouds Unified fabric Move VM between datacenters

between private and hosted cloud and back Between hosted and public cloud and back between private and public cloud and back

Live Migration using Time And Relative Dimension In Spacein Windows Server 2056

“Yesterday’s Crazy is Tomorrow’s Normal”

Thank you! Questions?