Post on 19-Jan-2015
description
Tools for Knowledge Construction and Visualisation
Martin Sillaots19 April 2006
2
Goal of presentation
● To give overview of knowledge (information) construction and exploration methods
● To give ideas how to improve effectiveness of learning (shorter learning time, deeper understanding of relations ...)
● To collect additional ideas and feedback
3
Social-Constructivist learning theory
● Knowledge is actively constructed by learner● Learning must be related with actual and
meaningful content● Learning is more effective in collaboration with
co-students
4
Construction
● Seeing relations● Sorting● Seeing differences● Comparing● Systematising● Restructuring
5
Construction enables
● Get overview of information● Browse or navigate in information● Focus on details● Select details● Change, order, create relations
To see details in a pig picture
6
Visualisation
● Visualisation – define information with colour, size, position, relations
● Why it is important to visualise information?● Students learning styles are different● People have strong need for visualisation of
information
7
Learning styles
● Visual – student like diagrams● Aural – student prefer listening● Reading/Writing – making notes● Kinesthetic – simulations and practice
Perceptual preference by VARK
Ref: http://www.vark-learn.com/
8
Why visualisation is important?
Ref: http://www.essentialmindmapping.com/WhatIsMindMapping.php
9
Classification of methods
● One-dimensional – text, list, timeline ...● Hierarchical – outlined list, tree, ...● Network – concept map ...● Two-dimensional – metaphor of map, matrix, ...● Three-dimensional● Multi-dimensional● Other metaphors – building, human body, outer
space
10
1-D
● Text mural or lens● Tag or keyword cloud● Simple list● Time line*
To see details and large picture
11
Mural for text presentation
Ref: http://www.cc.gatech.edu/gvu/softviz/infoviz/information_mural.html
12
Text Mural or lens for search
13
Video DNA
Ref: Dulce Ponceleon and Andreas Dieberger IBM Almaden Research Center
14
Tag or keyword cloud
Bigger font = most popular topicRef: http://www.tagcloud.com/
15
Hierarchical
● Outline list● Tree● Hyperbolic tree*● Tree map*● Content map*
Each node has a single parent nodeSub-nodes can be hiddenDetails vs pig picture
16
Outline list
Structure of Multimedia courseCreated with MS Project
17
Tree
Ref: http://www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/biodiversity
18
Hyperbolic tree
Ref: Jörg Walter Universität Bielefeld
Ref: John Lamping, Ramana Rao, and Peter Pirolli Xerox Palo Alto Research Center
19
Hyperbolic tree examples
● StarTree www.inxight.com/products/vizserver ● Walrus - Gallery: Visualization & Navigation
www.caida.org/tools/visualization/walrus/gallery1 ● BubbleBrowser www.flong.com/bubba
20
Hyperbolic tree tools
● HyperTree www.kinase.com/tools/HyperTree.html based on Java2
● StarTree www.inxight.com/products/vizserver commercial
● Walrus - Graph Visualization Tool www.caida.org/tools/visualization/walrus based on Java3D and
● Additional packages iv.slis.indiana.edu/sw/index.html
21
Tree map
Usenet Hierarchieshttp://netscan.research.microsoft.com/treemap
22
Concept map
Inspiration http://www.inspiration.com/What if one node have more than one parent?
23
Network
● Computer network topology● Concept map*● Gantt chart*● Arrow diagram (ADM)*● Precedence diagram (PDM)*
24
Visual Thesaurus (concept map)
Ref: http://www.thinkmap.com/visualthesaurus.jsp
25
news.com Big Picture (concept map)
http://news.com.com/The+Big+Picture/2030-12_3-5843390.html?tag=st.bp
27
2-D
● Geographic maps - displaying data on map● Map metaphor (flour, city, fields)● Matrix
28
Geographical maps
Population density
29
Map metaphor
Colour = novelty or importance, size = popularity or capacity, position = relations Ref: hot.news.com
30
City metaphor
Ref: Andreas Dieberger, Emory University
31
Matrix
Ref: A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge
32
3-D and Multi-D
● Table lenses● Multidimensional scaling● Items are described with three or more
attributes● Usually presented on 2 – dimensional screen
with multiple sliders
33
Table lenses
Ref: www.inxight.com/products/sdks/tl
34
Explorea
Ref: Kaipainen
35
Spotfire
Ref: www.spotfire.com
36
Time-line*
● Single time-line* ● Gantt chart● Arrow diagram (ADM)● Precedence diagram (PDM)
38
Gantt Chart
Created with MS Project
39
PDM Chart
Created with MS Project
40
Conclusion
● Selection of tool and method depends on user preferences
● Using of different tools make learning process more interesting and effective
● Its probably not possible to integrate all methods (metaphors)
● Preparation process is longer learning process shorter
● Give students tasks to construct knowledge
41
The End