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Verb Overview

Perfect & Perfect Progressive

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All Verbs Have…

FormFunction

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Perfect

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Present Perfect Form:

ALWAYS Takes TWO verbsPresent form of have + past participle

of verb

He has called his mother. She has driven to school.

Hint: Past Part can be regular or irregular!

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Present PerfectFunction:

An action finished anytime before now.

Catherine has already taken attendance.

Hint: Often used with a time adverb.Note: Adverb often between helper

and main verb.

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Past Perfect

Form:ALWAYS Takes TWO verbsPast form of have + past

participle of verbHe had called his

mother… She had driven to

school…

Hint: Used when two actions occurring in

past!

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Past Perfect

Form:An action which was

completely finished before another past action was

finished.

Catherine had just turned on the TV when

the phone rang.

Hint: All actions take place in the past!

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Future Perfect

Form:ALWAYS Takes THREE verbsFuture form of have (will

+have) + past participle of verb

He will have called his mother…

Hint: Used when two actions occurring in

future!

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Future Perfect

Function:An action will occur in the

future and becompletely finished before

another future action occurs.Pam will have washed the

dishes beforeJoe eats dessert.Hint: Second action uses the

SimplePresent.

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Simple vs. Perfect

ONE actionTWO actions

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Simple Past vs. Present Perfect

1.Definite & specific time in past

2.Continuous or competed events in past

3.Repeated past events that are finished

4.Recently completed

1.Indefinite or Unspecified past time

2.Unfinished past events or states

3.Repeated past events that can occur again

4.Recently completed that affects present

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Simple Past vs. Past Perfect

One past eventTwo past events and past perfect used to describe the earliest event

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Simple Future vs. Future Perfect

1. One future event2. States of being or existence1. Two events in future: one future

event will be completed before the other

2. Only used for points or events in time

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Simple Future or Future Perfect?

Tomorrow is an important day for Colette. She ________ (go) to the high school prom.

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Simple Future or Future Perfect?

Tomorrow is an important day for Colette. She will go to the high school prom.

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Simple Future or Future Perfect?

She ___________ (wear) a long dress, and her date, Jason (wear) _________ a tuxedo.

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Simple Future or Future Perfect?

She will wear a long dress, and her date, Jason will wear a tuxedo.

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Simple Future or Future Perfect?

Today, she is quite busy getting ready. Hopefully by tomorrow at six o’clock, she ____________ (go) to the hair dresser and her mother ______________ (pick up) up her dress from the store. Her father ____________ (buy) her the pearl earrings.

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Simple Future or Future Perfect?

Today, she is quite busy getting ready. Hopefully by tomorrow at six o’clock, she will have gone to the hair dresser and her mother will have picked up her dress from the store. Her father will have bought her the pearl earrings.

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Simple Future or Future Perfect?

Jason is busy too. This afternoon, he

_________ (rent) his tuxedo and _______ (get) his hair cut. By

the timehe picks Colette up, he

____________(wash) the car and _______

(buy) her the corsage he ordered.

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Simple Future or Future Perfect?

Jason is busy too. This afternoon, he

will rent his tuxedo and will get his hair

cut. By the time he picks Colette up, he

will have washed the car and will have

bought her the corsage he ordered.

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Simple Future or Future Perfect?

Today, Colette looks like an ordinary teenager in jeans and a t-shirt. By tomorrow, she ________ (be) an elegant woman in formal attire.

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Simple Future or Future Perfect?

Today, Colette looks like an ordinary teenager in jeans and a t-shirt. By tomorrow, she will be an elegant woman in formal attire.

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Problems with Tenses

Problem

I arrived a minute ago.

I have been here since / for…

Explanation

Use Simple Past ONLY

Use Present Perfect ONLY

AGO

SINCE & FOR

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Problems with Tenses

Problem

I have been here since Feb.I have been here for 2 days.

Explanation

Use Since for date or time.Use For for time period.

SINCE OR FOR

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Perfect Progressive

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Present Perfect Progressive

Form:ALWAYS Takes THREE verbsPresent have + been + base form verb + ing

He has been going to school for 2 years.They have been living here a long time.

Hint: Uses a time indicator.

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Present Perfect ProgressiveFunction:

An event which started in the past and hasbeen in progress until now for a specific amount of time.

Catherine has been teaching for 11 years.

Hint: Only one action occurring

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Past Perfect Progressive

Form:ALWAYS Takes THREE verbsPast have + been + base form

verb + ing

He had been going to school for 2 years.

Hint: Uses a time indicator.

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Past Perfect Progressive

Function:An past action which was in progress before another past action occurred.

I had been typing for an hour before my

husband came home.

Hint: Second action uses Simple Past.

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Future Perfect Progressive

Form:ALWAYS Takes THREE verbsPast have + been + base form

verb + ing

He will have been going to school for 2 years by the time…

Hint: Used for two future events.

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Future Perfect ContinuousFunction:

An action occurs in the future and is in

progress before another future action

occurs.

Catherine will have been teaching for 10hours today before she goes home.

Hint: Second action is in Simple Present.

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Present Perfect Progressive or Present Perfect

Emphasizes that something happened recently in past

Emphasizes the length or duration of an activity still happening

Emphasizes that something was completed at an indefinite time in the past

Emphasizes the quantity to recently completed

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Present Perfect Progressive or Present Perfect

No DIFFERENCE with certain verbs (verbs of living, occupation, and vocation)

I have been living / I have livedHe has been working / has

worked

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For More Information

Email Mrs. C ccoleman@clmn.net

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