Transcript of Vegetables. Names for Vegetables - Parts of plant from which they come. Tubers – potato, yam,...
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- Vegetables
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- Names for Vegetables - Parts of plant from which they come.
Tubers potato, yam, sweet potato, Jerusalem artichoke Bulbs -
chives, onions, garlic, leeks, shallots Roots - beets, turnips,
carrot, radish
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- Stem - asparagus, celery, mushroom, rhubarb Leaves - brussel
sprouts, cabbage, chard, greens, lettuce, spinach, Watercress Seeds
- beans, peas, corn, bean sprouts, string beans
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- Flowers - artichoke, cauliflower, broccoli, rapini (italian
broccoli) Fruit - cucumber, eggplant, tomato, peppers, squash
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- Flavors Strong - cabbage, brussel sprouts, turnips,
cauliflower, onions Mild - most all vegetables
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- Nutrients Water content - fruits, stems, flowers, leaves Starch
- tubers, bulbs, roots, seeds
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- Nutrients Contribution Vitamin A eyes Leafy green and deep
yellow vegetables contain carotene which converts to Vitamin A
Vitamin C Most vegetables contain vitamin C - broccoli, green
peppers, tomatoes, cabbage Vitamin B - Lima beans and peas
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- Minerals Calcium: soybeans, okra, collard greens, spinach,
kelp, broccoli, celery Iron: soybeans, cooked spinach, cooked swiss
chard, peas, chickpeas, turnip greens, collard greens, potatoes,
asparagus
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- Carbohydrates Cellulose, starch and sugar Corn, potatoes,
carrots, onions, beans, peas, sweet potato
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- Proteins Incomplete protein - dried beans, asparagus,
cauliflower, broccoli, brussel sprouts, artichokes, watercress,
sweet corn
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- Quality Vegetables Firm texture, free from decay, crisp,
smooth, dense, free from bruises, good color WASHING veggies helps
remove pesticides that might remain on the skins
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- Avoid nutrient loss Cook in larger, rather than small pieces
when possible Use a small amount of water Cook only until fork
tender
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- Retaining nutrients when cooking vegetables Save liquids and
use in soups or gravies Stir frying-fast and leaves vegetables
crisp Ways to cook and retain nutrients: microwave, simmering,
steaming, baking
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- Ways to cook Microwave: put vegetable into microwave safe dish
with little or no water. Cook only until tender, overcooking can
make them rubbery. Bake: cook in a casserole Steam: Bring an about
an inch of water to boil in a saucepan or steamer. Place veggies in
a steamer basket or colander and cover. Stir-fry: putting frozen or
fresh veggies in a wok or pan with small amount of oil over high
heat stirring rapidly Saut: cooking veggies in a frying pan with
little butter or oil over high heat until veggies are shiny, then
cover and cook until vegetables are crisp-tender.
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- Fried - pan, deep fry, batter/crumbs Pressure cook - quick,
good flavor, color Broil - tomato, eggplant
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- Cooking that destroys vitamins in vegetables Heat Air Water
Avoid cooking vegetables in large amounts of water Avoid cooking
vegetables for an extended period of time
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- Color Yellow- carotene White-flavones(White to yellow/dark
gray, overcooking cause the color change) Red-anthocyanin(Red to
purple/blue, add acid to keep food red, Green-chlorophyll
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- Forms Fresh - available certain times of the year Canned Frozen
Dried
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- Serving Size How many servings of vegetables should the average
person have every day? 1 - 4 cups Serving Sizes 1 cup leafy cup
cooked or chopped fresh cup juice
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- Selecting and Preparing Vegetables How do you select a quality
vegetable? Appearance, feel, smell, weight What are the
characteristics you want to consider? Color Firm Texture Smooth
skin Dense (heavy for size) Free from bruises No decay Smells
good
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- Care and Storage Refrigerate most. Examine first before putting
away. Tubers and root vegetables - store in cool, dry, dark place
Canned vegetables - on shelf at room temperature, use within a year
Frozen - use immediately when thawed