Post on 29-Jan-2016
Unit 3: An Age of
AcceleratingConnections
500 – 1500 CE
Chapter 7Commerce and Culture
Must-Know Terms
Silk RoadsLand-based trade routes
that linked Eurasia
Silk Road
The Goods
Side Notes: “The Silk Road” is a historically
important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean.
Because China silk compromised a large proportion of the trade along this ancient road, in 1877, it was named the “silk road” by Ferdinand von Richthofen, a German geographer. It stuck!
Silk – its value A luxury item (cloth) of great
comfort and status
Was used as currency and as a means of accumulating wealth in Central Asia.
Became a symbol of high status in China and the Byzantine Empire
Black Death
May have been the bubonic plague, anthrax, or a collection of epidemic diseases
One of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 75 – 200 million people and peaking in Europe between 1346-1353
Name given to the massive epidemic that swept Eurasia in the 14th c CE
k
Indian Ocean Trading Network
The world’s largest sea-based system of communication and exchange before 1500 CE, the Indian Ocean commerce stretched from southern China to Eastern Africa and included not only the exchange of luxury and bulk goods but also the exchange of ideas and crops.
Up Close
Arabian SeaWater body east of the Arabian Peninsula and west of India
Aka “Sea Roads” in the Indian
Ocean Network
Persian GulfWater body between the
Arabian peninsula and Persia
NE of modern day Saudi Arabia and
SW of Iran
Red Sea Water body
between NE Africa, Israel, and the Arabian Peninsula
*Today the Suez Canal links the Mediterranean Sea to this water body
Bay of Bengal Water body east of
India – south of Bangladesh and west of SE Asia
A part of the Indian Ocean Trade Network
Featured “sea roads”
South China Sea Water body east of China and Vietnam and
west of the Philipines
Srivijaya (empire)
A Malay kingdom that dominated the Straits of Malacca between 670 and 1025 CE; noted for its creation of a native/ Indian hybrid culture.
Sriv
ijaya
BorobudurThe largest Buddhist
monument ever built; is a
mountainous ten-level monument with an elaborate carving program; probably built in
the 9th c CE by the Sailendras rulers of central Java; it is an
outstanding example of cultural
exchange and syncretism.
Borobudur: home to 100s of Buddhist
statues
Angkor Wat The largest religious structure in the
premodern world
Construction began on this temple which is located in modern Cambodia in the early 1100s CE
Was built to express a Hindu understanding of the cosmos centered on a mythical Mt. Meru, the home of the gods in the Hindu tradition
Angkor Wat
Swahili civilization An East African
civilization that emerged in the 8th century CE from a blending of Bantu, Islamic, and other Indian Ocean trade elements.
Great Zimbabwe A powerful state in
the African interior that apparently emerged from the growing trade in gold to the East African coast
Flourished between 1250-1350 CE
Sand RoadsA term used to describe the routes of the
trans-Sahara trade in Africa
Ghana, Mali, Songhai A series of important states
that developed in western Africa in the period of 500 – 1600 CE in response to the economic opportunities of trans-Saharan trade (and especially control of gold production)
Trans-Saharan Slave Trade
A fairly small-scale trade that developed in the 12th c C.E., exporting West African slaves captured in raids across the Sahara for sale mostly as household servants.
American web A term used to describe the network of trade
that linked parts of the pre-Columbian Americas
Although less intense and complete than the Afro-Eurasian trade networks, this web nonetheless provided a means of exchange for luxury goods and ideas over large areas.
Thorfinn Karlsfeni A well-born, wealthy merchant & seaman of
Norweigan Viking background
Led an unsuccessful expedition to establish a colony on the coast of what is now Newfoundland, Canada, in the early 11 c CE.
“Viking voyager”
pochteca Professional merchants among the Aztecs
This concludes chapter 7 vocabulary.
Start parphrasing.