QOD: What is the difference between

observation and inference?

Do now:

•Line up in the back of the room alphabetically by first name without talking!

Observation

• A perception of the natural world using on or more of the human senses.

Inference:

• An interpretation of an observation that leads to an explanation or a prediction, often based on prior experience.

• An assumption or conclusion

• Label all of your statements in your notebook as an observation or an inference ( I or O)

• HW: Check out echalk

QOD: How do you post a journal on the wiki?

Do Now:1) What should you do once you are in your seat in the

classroom?

2) What is the difference between these 2 statements:

a. The flame went out

b. The carbon dioxide put out the flame

2) What should you write about in your daily journal?

QOD: What are the safety rules for

lab and what happens if they

are not followed?

Do Now:1) List the safety rule you most often break.

2) Create posters (20 mins!)

Make a poster:

• Each member of the group will choose one of the rules assigned to your group and in 1 quadrant :

a) Create an illustration showing what would happen to a student if they broke itb) write a caption with the rule below it

QOD: What are the steps to an experiment?

Do now: QUIZ

Example of a notebook (create!)

QOD #4: How do you properly set up for lab?

Do now: Quiz!!

QOD #5: What is the best way to find out what an object is made up of?

Do now: Share your purpose and hypothesis with your table.

Set up Materials and Procedure

Procedure:

• Part I:• Ensure that all safety precautions have been taken (hair, clothing, and

no shenanigans-period).• Put 0.5 cm of baking soda in the test tube. (One scoop)• Fill the bucket 1/2 full with water.• Fill the graduated cylinder with water, invert into water bucked without

any air bubbles getting in.• Put the gas collecting tube into the test tube and snake the tubing up

into the graduated cylinder, as high as the tubing can go.• BEFORE you light the burner, make sure that your set up has been

approved by the teacher.• Light your burner; adjust the flame, if possible, so that it is in a low

position.• Now the OBSERVATIONS begin. You can jot down notes on what you

see, also be sure and answer the BLUE DOT questions.• After you have made your observations (5-7 minutes) take the tubing

out of the graduated cylinder BEFORE you turn off the flame.• Turn off the flame. Let the test tube cool off. Answer more BLUE DOT

questions.

QOD #6: How do you properly set up for lab and

light Bunsen burner?

Do now: • What do you think is the right way

to light a bunsen burner?• Copy the bbq's into your notebook

under observations

Lighting a bunsen burner

• Check all connections and make sure they are secure

• Turn on gas (parallel with valve)• Strike match away from you• Bring match up to barrel of bunsen

burner• Blow out match and adjust the gas flow

to lower flame

QOD #7: What happens when you heat up baking

soda?

Do now:

• Run lab

When finished….

• Make sure you have answered the blue dot questions

• Write out procedure to second part of the experiment (p.5) on the ‘tea test’

QOD #8: How can we tell if a reaction occurred?

Do now: • Why do you need a test tube with unheated baking

soda?• Why did gas form and where did it come from?• Are the original and final substances the same?

Explain

Part II:

1. Prepare another test tube with the SAME amount of baking soda. Refer to this as the UNHEATED baking soda.

2. Refer to the heated baking soda from Part I as the HEATED baking soda!

3. Put equal amounts of TEA into both test tubes (less than ¼ of the tube) and stir gently with stirring rods. Make OBSERVATIONS and answer BLUE DOT questions.

4. Clean up: all materials rinsed. Tables dry, your station should look BETTER than when you started!

5. Return to your desk, read over the lab and consider the conclusion questions (gray box).

A new substance was created!

Baking soda + heat _______________________________

• Pure substance: any object with the same properties all the way through–  ex. Carbon dioxide, baking soda

• Chemical Reaction: Any process in which one or more substances are changed into one or more different substances.– ex. heating the baking soda

• Physical Reaction: Process involving a substance's change from one state (gas, liquid, solid) to another without alteration of the chemical composition of the substance.– ex. Water freezing and melting. Baking soda dissolving in water.

QOD: What is volume and how can we measure it?

Do now: Answer Q. 1 + 2 on p. 5 in your lab notebook

Lab report + Rubric

Practice Measuring

1. Measure to the nearest tenths place

2. Record measurement in centimeters (cm)

Complete front of worksheet on measuring.

Volume• Measure of the space an object takes up.

• V = Length x Width x Height

• Units = cm3

• Use metric system – based on a meter• 1 meter = _______cm = _______mm• 1 cm = _______mm = _______ meters

Calculate

7.9 cm x 2.3 cm x 0.6 cm = __________

10.902 cm3 10.90cm3 10.9 cm3 11 cm3

QOD #10: How do you measure volume of an irregular shaped object?

Do now:

1. Was the volume of the gas collected when heating baking soda equal to the volume of baking soda? Explain

2. What is the difference between cm, cm2, and cm3?

How can we measure this objects volume?

Volume Using Graduated Cylinder

• Start with a fixed amount of water in graduated cylinder

• Record volume by reading at the meniscus• Drop object in graduated cylinder• Measure new volume in graduated cylinder• Subtract the original volume from the new

volume, and this gives you the volume of the object

Calculate

• Start with 50 mL of water in graduated cylinder

• Drop a small rock in

• New volume = 76 mL

• What is the volume of the rock?

________ - ________ = __________

Measuring volume

• 1 cm3 = ______ mL

• Use a graduated cylinder to measure the volume of an irregular shaped object by displacement of water

Summary:

1) Answer Q 3-7 on p 8

QOD#11+12: Which is a better way to measure

volume: using a ruler or a graduated cylinder?Do Now:

1. Answer Q 9 + 10 on p10

2. What is the relationship between cm3 and mL?

3. Look at the picture. How could you calculate the object’s volume?

Exp. #2

• Each table has an object. Your goal is to figure out what the volume is as accurately as possible.

• Work with your group and write out the:– Purpose– Hypothesis– Materials– Procedure– Data Table– Calculations

Purpose:

Which is a better way to measure volume: ruler or water displacement?

Hypothesis: I think that…

Materials:Materials:• Irregular shaped object

• 100 mL Graduated cylinder

• Ruler

• Water

Procedure:Measure object’s volume

Conventionally (ruler)

1. Measure Length, Width and height.

2. Calculate volume

Water displacement

1. Record amount of water in graduated cylinder.

2. Add in object.

3. Record change.

4. Calculate volume

Data:

Ruler

Length:_____

Width:_____

Height:_____

Water displacement:

Volume before:______

Volume after:_________

Calculations

Volume with Ruler:

V = L x W x H

Volume with graduate cylinder

Volume after – Volume before

QOD #13: Are there any shortcomings with volume as a measurement ?

Do now: 1. Answer Q's 13 and 16 on p 12 in text

2. What happens to the volume of 2 liquids that are combined together? Predict what will happen when water and alcohol are combined.

3. Calculate the following based on my data

Vruler = 15.2 cm3

VGrad Cyl = 3.4 mL

a. How much air is in the sponge?

b. What % of the sponge is air?

Limitations of volume

• Gas is compressible

• Hard to compare different states of matter– Volume of gas vs. solids

Graph

When you have a set of data you should:

• Calculate Mean and Median

• Create a graph– Histogram– Value of data on X– Frequency on Y

QOD #14: How do you use a triple beam balance?

Do Now:

1. Look at picture 1.11 on p.13 What do you observe?

2. Infer: What do the results mean?

Mass• The amount of ‘stuff’ an object contains• Unit = grams (g)• Another way to measure matter• Done with a balance

• Use a known mass to compare unknown object to– Beqa in Egypt– Gram – metric system

• 1 kg = 2.2 lbs

If my mass 84 kg, how many pounds would I be?

Triple beam balance

• Measures Mass

• Units = grams

What is the mass of the object?

Practice!

• Measure the object at your station and record the mass in your notebook.

QOD #15: What is the relationship between

mass and volume?

• Be sure to clean up after finished.

• When you are done and your lab station is checked you may sit down and begin the conclusion questions.

Do now:

1) Why is volume not a good measurement of matter?

2) Read sect.1.6 and answer Q.14 and 15

Questions pg 15:14. When you buy things at a store, are

they measured more often by volume or mass? Give examples

A: In general, liquids are sold by volume and solids are sold my mass. However, sometimes both are used as mass is a better indication of the contents (chips!)

15. What is your mass in kg?

Divide your mass by 2.2 pounds/kg

110 pounds = 2.2 pounds

X kg 1 kg

110 pounds/kg = 2.2 pounds/kg (X)

110 pounds/kg = X X = 50 kg

2.2 pounds/kg

Work on:

Conclusion questions: p. 22-26

• #16-21

• 22-30

• 36