Understanding Diabetes

The Pancreas

No longer makes insulin with type 1 diabetes

Four Ways To Control Type 1 Diabetes

Short-term Goals

Preventing low and high blood glucose levels

Feeling good

Having plenty of energy

High Blood Glucose

Symptoms Thirst Hunger Frequent urination Fatigue Nausea Blurred vision Headache Confusion or nervousness

Causes Too much food Too little exercise Too little medicine Stress, illness, or injury

Low Blood Glucose

Symptoms Shakiness Sweating Hunger Anxiety or

nervousness Anger or irritability Slurred speech Sleepiness Headache

Causes Too little food Too much medicine More activity than usual Too long between meals or

snacks Alcohol

Ketones

Test urine when blood glucose is above 240

Call doctor if ketones are present in the urine

Dangerous if untreated

Rule of 15

15 grams of carbohydrates Recheck blood glucose in 15 minutes

Benefits of Long-term Control

Less diabetic eye disease

kidney disease

and nerve damage

Key Elements of a School Plan

Schedule for checking blood glucose and taking insulin

Snack and meal times

Preferred snacks and party foods

Typical signs and treatment of low blood glucose

Contact numbers

Who at school will help child

Benefits of Seeing a Medical Team

Review diabetes records

Update meal plan, exercise plan, and medications

Check for complications

Check accuracy of monitoring

Help deal with feelings about the disease