UN/CEFACT‘s Modeling Methodology (UMM)

Electronic Commerce Group

Institute for Software Technology and Interactive Systems

Vienna University of TechnologyFavoritenstraße 9-11/188-1 . 1040 Vienna .

Austria/EuropeTel.: +43 (1) 58801 - 18822, Fax: +43 (1) 58801 -

18896http://www.ec.tuwien.ac.at

UN/CEFACT‘s Modeling Methodology (UMM)

E-Commerce Technologien – WS09

Thomas Motal

Agenda

Introduction

UN/CEFACT‘s Modeling Methodology (UMM)

Business Requirements View (BRV)

Business Choreography View (BCV)

Business Information View (BIV)

Conclusion

1 Introduction

Web-Browser

EDI, ebXML & Web Services

B2B vs. B2C

B2C: Server dominates the business process Consumer reacts on the fly

B2B: Applications must interact with each other Applications must follow an agreed upon business process

The traditional approach

Document-centric Traditional EDI standards have been in use since the 1980’s

ANSI X12, UN/EDIFACT, ODETTE, VDA, EANCOM… Transmission over Value Added Networks (VAN), X.400,…,

floppy disks

UNB+UNOC:3+ATCABV+ATCABV+060529:1133+L0605291133001'UNH+16052911330001+PAYMUL:D:96A:UN'BGM+452+111112006052911333500001+9'DTM+137:20060529113335:203'FII+MR+471114711+14000:25:137‘…(extracted from an EDIFACT PAYMUL) Great efforts on standardizing business document

E Standard Format

þ Syntax

þ Document structure

ý Document contentMessage Implementation Guideline (MIG):

StandardMIG

User GroupMIG

CompanyMIG

Partner-specific

Overloaded document types require bilateral agreements between business partners

Ambiguous Document Standards

Order from Quote Business Scenario

What kind of apples do you have?

We provide 5 alternatives: …

What is the price of the 2nd and 4th option?

The 2nd is x$ and the 4th is y$

I take 5 pieces of the second option

Fine.Buyer Seller

Interoperability Requirements between Enterprises HOW are documents exchanged between enterprises?

Common definition in which order documents are exchanged Global process choreography vs. local process choreography Use of technologies for the unambiguous definition of process

choreographies UN/CEFACT‘s Modeling Methodology 2.0 (UMM)

WHICH documents are exchanged between enterprises? Common definition of the artifacts which are exchanged

between enterprises Business document standards UML Profile for Core Components 3.0 (UPCC)

XML Schema, BPEL,

workflow languages…

Functional Service View

related standards

UN/CEFACT’s Modeling Methodology (UMM)

& Core Component

Technical Specification (CCTS)

The Open-edi Reference Model

(ISO 14662)

Business Operational View related standards

ns Business aspectsof business transactions

Information technologyaspects of business

transactions

viewedas

complywith

coveredby

complywith

transformedto

Business Operational View

Functional Service View

Principles of the UMM Solution

Separation of business logic and implementation technology Model-driven approach Based on the Unified Modeling Language (UML)

Process centric UMM is business process centric

Business state centric Adjust UMM to a business state centric methodology

UMM at a Glance

Graphical process modeling technique for inter-organizational (B2B) business processes

Concentrates on business semantics – it is implementation neutral

Provides a procedure similar to a software development process from requirements elicitation to process design

UMM is defined as a UML profile on top of UML 2.1.1

UMM is used in order to define global business choreographies

Process Choreography – The HOW

Orchestration vs. Choreography

What is a Global Choreography? If each organization defines its own choreography with

business partners, interoperability is unlikely

UMM describes collaborative business processes from a global and neutral point of view

Buyer‘s view Seller‘s view

Buyer Seller

Collaboration

UMM Terminology

Business Process Group of related activities that together create customer value Traditionally intra-organizational, but also inter-organizational

Business Collaboration Performed by two business partners (=binary collaboration)

ormore business partners (=multi-party collaboration)

Complex, composed of many activities (=business transactions) between the partners

Business Transaction Always a binary collaboration Realized by a request from one side and an optional response

from the other side

The UMM 2.0 Architecture

Development process of the UMM Business Requirements View (BRV) Business Choreography View (BCV) Business Information View (BIV)

BRV BCV BIV

UMM Package Structure

UMM Foundation ModuleBusinessRequirementsView

BusinessDomainView

BusinessRealizationView

BusinessPartnerViewBusinessEntityViewBusinessChoreographyVi

ew BusinessTransactionViewBusinessCollaborationView

BusinessInformationView

3Business

Requirements View

Announce Waste Transport

Waste Movement in EuropeExport Authority Import Authority

Notifier Notifiee

Announce Transport Arrival

Involved Parties

Exporter

ExportAuthori

ImportAuthori

tyImporte

Announce WasteTransport

AnnounceTransport Arrival

The BRV Package Structure

BusinessDomainViewBusinessPartnerViewBusinessEntityView

BusinessChoreographyViewBusinessInformationView

The Business Domain View (BDV) Purpose

Getting to know the domain under consideration Discovery of existing business processes Rough identification of desired collaborations Important: No new business processes are created in the

Artifacts Use case diagrams Activity diagrams

B Requirements V

Classifying Business Processes

Using the concept of Business Areas (bArea) and Process Areas the business modeler can classify the different processes

UMM does not mandate a particular structure

B Requirements V

«bProcessUC»Manage End-to-End

Waste Transport

ExportAuthority

(from Waste Management)

ImportAuthority

Tax Agency

«isOfInterestTo»

«participates»«participates»

BDV – Example [1]B Requirements V

«bProcessUC»Manage End-to-End

Waste Transport

ExportAuthority

ImportAuthority

Tax Agency

«isOfInterestTo»

Using Worksheets to Capture Requirements

A detailed definition of the different worksheets is provided in the UMM 2.0 specification.

:Importer:Exporter :ImportAuthority:ExportAuthority

«bESharedState»:WasteTransport

[announced]

[arrived]

«bProcessAction»Pre-inform on waste transport

«bProcessAction»Inform on waste receipt

«bP...

[accepted]

[rejected]

«bProcessAction»Inform on waste transport

acceptance

«bProcessAction»Inform on waste transport rejection «bProcessAction»

Inform on waste transport rejection

«bP...

BDV – Example [2]B Requirements V

The Business Entity View (BEV) Purpose

Identification of relevant business entities a business entity is something that has business

significance (e.g., order, newspaper,...) Describing the lifecycle of business entities A business entity state that is shared between two

business partners is a strong indicator for a required exchange of business information

Artifacts State machine diagram describing the lifecycle of a

business entity Changes of business entity states may be visualized

in the business domain view

B Requirements V

BEV – ExampleB Requirements V

«bEState»accepted

«bEState»announced

«bEState»arriv ed

«bEState»rejected

Relationship between BEV and BDV

B Requirements V

«bEState»accepted

«bEState»arrived

«bEState»rejected

[announced]

[arrived]

«bP...

[accepted]

[rejected]

acceptance

«bP...

The Business Partner View (BPV) Purpose

Container for business partners and stakeholders that are identified in the business domain view

Modeling organization relationships between those actors (optional)

Artifacts Use case diagram Business partners and stakeholders

B Requirements V

ExportAuthority ImportAuthority ImporterExporter

Tax Agency

BPV – Example B Requirements V

Relationship between BPV and BDV

[announced]

[arrived]

«bP...

[accepted]

[rejected]

acceptance

«bP...

ExportAuthority ImportAuthority ImporterExporter Tax Agency

B Requirements V

4Business

Choreography View

The BCV Package Structure

BusinessChoreographyView BusinessTransactionVi

ewBusinessCollaborationView

The Business Transaction View (BTV) Purpose

A business transaction describes the message exchange between exactly two business partners

The message exchange synchronizes the shared state of the two partners

Message exchange might be one-way or two-way

Artifacts Activity diagrams of the business transactions Use cases capturing the requirements

B Choreography V

BTV – Example [1]B Choreography V

«bTransactionUC»Announce Waste

Transport

Notifier Notifiee

Transport

Notifier Notifiee

:Notifiee

«bTPartition»

:Notifier

«bTPartition»

«ReqAction»

Notify Waste Transport

:WasteMovementRejectedForm

:WasteMovementAcceptedForm

:WasteMovementForm

«ResAction»

Process Waste Movement Form

:WasteMovementForm

BusinessFailureBusinessSuccess

ControlFailure

«bESharedSt...:WasteTransport

[accepted]

[rejected]

[WasteMovementAcceptedForm !=null]

[WasteMovementRejectedForm !=null]

:Notifiee

«bTPartition»

:Notifier

«bTPartition»

«ReqAction»

:WasteMovementForm

«ResAction»

Process Waste Mov ement Form

:WasteMovementForm

ControlFailure

[accepted]

[rejected]

TransportNotifier Notifiee

Requirements areexpressed usinguse cases

A business transactionitself is expressed usingactivity diagrams

«bEState»accepted

«bEState»arrived

«bEState»rejected

BTV – Example [3]

B Choreography V

:Notifiee

«bTPartition»

:Notifier

«bTPartition»

«ReqAction»

:WasteMovementForm

«ResAction»

:WasteMovementForm

ControlFailure

[accepted]

[rejected]

Time constraints

Security Flags

Retry Counter

Time Constraints

Security Flags

BTV – Example [4]

B Choreography V

:Notifiee

«bTPartition»

:Notifier

«bTPartition»

«ReqAction»

:WasteMovementForm

«ResAction»

:WasteMovementForm

ControlFailure

[accepted]

[rejected]

timeToPerform: 24 hrstimeToAcknowledgeReceipt: 2 hrstimeToAcknowledgeProcessing: 4 hrsisAuthorizationRequired: falseisNonRepudiationRequired: falseisNonRepudiationOfReceiptRequired: falseisIntelligibleCheckRequired: trueretryCount: 3 timeToPerform: 24 hrs

timeToAcknowledgeReceipt: 2 hrstimeToAcknowledgeProcessing: 4 hrsisAuthorizationRequired: falseisNonRepudiationRequired: falseisIntelligibleCheckRequired: true

isConfidential: NoisTamperProof: NoisAuthenticated: No

isConfidential: YesisTamperProof: YesisAuthenticated: Yes

The Business Collaboration View Purpose

A business collaboration describes the order in which business transactions are executed

A business collaboration describes the global choreography of an inter-organizational business processes.

Artifacts Activity diagrams of the business collaborations Use cases capturing the requirements

B Choreography V

«bCollaborationUC»Manage Waste

Transport

( from Announce Waste Transport)

Transport

( from Announce Transport Arrival)

«bTransactionUC»Announce Transport

Arrival

Outbound Role Inbound Role

«include»«include»

BCV – Example [1]B Choreography V

Transport

Arrival

«bCPartition» :Inbound Role«bCPartition» :Outbound Role

«bTransactionAction»

Announce Waste Transport :Announce Waste

Transport

Announce Transport Arrival :Announce Transport Arrival

Failure

Success

«initFlow» «initFlow»

«reFlow» «reFlow»

«initFlow»

[WasteTransport.arrived]

[WasteTransport.accepted]

[WasteTransport.rejected]

«initFlow»

Transport

Failure

Success

«initFlow»

Transport

Arrival

Transport

Failure

Success

«initFlow»

:Notifiee

«bTPartition»

:Notifier

«bTPartition»

«ReqAction»

:WasteMovementForm

«ResAction»

Process Waste Mov ement Form

:WasteMovementForm

ControlFailure

[accepted]

[rejected]

BCV – Example [5]

B Choreography V

Transport

Failure

Success

«initFlow»

timeToPerform: 24hrsisConcurrent: false

The Business Realization View

Purpose Assigning business partners to authorized roles

participating in a collaboration. Collaboration Realizations allow that different sets

of business partners perform the same collaboration

Artifacts Use cases, Business partners, Authorized Roles

B Choreography V

Business Scenario B Choreography V

<<BusinessPartner>>

Importer

ExportAuthority

ImportAuthorityExporter

Business realizationExp-ExpA

Business realizationExpA-ImpA

Business realizationImpA-Imp

«bRealization»Manage Waste

Transport, ExA - ImA

( from Manage Waste Transport)

TransportInbound Role

Outbound Role

ExportAuthority

( from Waste Management)

ImportAuthority

( from Waste Management)

«mapsTo» «mapsTo»

«mapsTo»«mapsTo» «realizes»

«participates» «participates»

BRV – Example [1]B Choreography V

«ReqAction»

:OrderPendingEnvelope

:OrderRejectionEnvelope

:OrderEnvelope

«ResAction»

:OrderPendingEnvelope

:OrderRejectionEnvelope

:OrderEnvelope

ControlFai lure

«bESharedSta...:Order

[pending]

«bESharedS...:Order

[rejected]

Business Success BusinessFai lure

[e lse][OrderPendingEnvelope!= nul l]

UMM/UPCC model

<wsdl:portType name=“Buyer“>….</wsdl:portType>

<wsdl:portType name=“Seller“>….</wsdl:portType>

Buyer.wsdl + XSD Seller.wsdl + XSD

Buyer.bpel Seller.bpel

derive

deploy deploy3 3

automated B2B interactions

4 4addservice

bindings

addservicebindings

Business Service Interface Buyer

Business Service Interface Seller

BuyerSeller

Derivation of Deployment Artifacts

5 Business Information View

The Business Information View

Purpose The business information artifacts which are exchanged in the

different business transaction are described in the business information view

UN/CEFACT does not mandate a specific business document modeling methodology

However, it is strongly encouraged to use the UML Profile for Core Components (UPCC)

Artifacts Class diagrams and associations describing the business

documents

The BIV Package Structure

BusinessChoreographyView BusinessTransactionVi

ewBusinessCollaborationView

BIV – Example [1]

«InfEnvelope»WasteMovementForm

«InfEnvelope»WasteMovementAcceptedForm

«InfEnvelope»WasteMovementRejectedForm

«InfEnvelope»CertificateOfWasteReceiptForm

B Information V

:Notifiee«bTPartition»

:Notifier«bTPartition»

«ReqAction»

:WasteMovementForm«ResAction»

Business FailureBusiness Success

ControlFailure

«bEShared...:WasteTransport

[accepted]

«bEShared...:WasteTransport

[rejected]

[WasteMovementAcceptedForm!= null]

[WasteMovementRejectedForm!= null]

BIV – Example [2]«InvEnvelope»

WasteMovementForm

«InvEnvelope»WasteMovementAcceptedForm

«InvEnvelope»WasteMovementRejectedForm

«InfEnvelope»CertificateOfWasteReceiptForm B Information V

6 Conclusion

Capture IT system requirements of distributed (service oriented) systems independent of the implementation technology

Define an agreement upon an inter-organizational business process between two business partners (global choreography)

Create the basis for the derivation of deployment artifacts for IT systems (generate abstract BPEL)

UMM – What it can do

UMM – What it can’t do

Provide models for the derivation of orchestrations (UMM does not provide an internal view of a business partner)

Generate ready-to-use deployment artifacts (e.g. executable BPEL) UMM is on the BOV layer UMM does not provide service definitions and service

bindings

UMM Technical Specification UMM 2.0 Foundation Model

http://www.untmg.org/umm/spec/foundation/2_0 UMM Development site

http://www.umm-dev.org UMM User Guide Example models Academic papers …

VIENNA Tool http://umm2-addin.googlecode.com

UMM Resources

ECT UMM Exercise Facts

Requirements Sparx Systems Enterprise Architect (30 day trial)

http://www.sparxsystems.com.au/products/ea/trial.html VIENNA Tool

http://umm2-addin.googlecode.com

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