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Chapter 10: A Blending of CulturesSection 4: Brazil

Today’s previewChapter 10, Section 4• Lecture– History– Economics– Modern life

• Capoeira• Chapter review homework• Music of Brazil• Post-test• Closure

Objectives• By the end of class today, you should be able

to do the following:1. Explain the major division of South America.2. Describe the national culture of Brazil.3. Explain the economic strength of Brazil4. Describe Brazilian life today.

Topic 1: History

A divided continent

A divided continent

• Papal line of Demarcation: 1493• Treaty of Tordesillas: 1494• Current border is set by rivers & other

boundaries

Portuguese conquest

• Portugal was looking for gold in South America– Did not find any gold– They started sugar cane plantations instead

• Enslaved native tribes, then brought African slaves

Sugar Cane

Sugar Cane

Sugar Cane

Sugar Cane

Europe & Latin America• Spain & Portugal conquered & colonized all of Latin

America by the early 16th Century• Renaissance age in Europe– High culture– Emerging superpowers

• European powers dominated the globe• During Napoleonic wars, Portuguese royal family

fled to Brazil, making Rio de Janeiro the capital of the Portuguese empire.

Brazilian Independence

• Brazil was a colony for 300+ years• After Napoleon’s defeat (1815), Brazil

petitioned for total independence or rule by the prince.

• Brazil won independence peacefully, ruled by prince Dom Pedro (1822)

Topic 2: Economics

Economics

• Brazil is an industrial power– Mining and manufacturing

• Energy resources– Oil, gas, hydroelectric

• Automobile manufacturing– Over 50% of their cars use ethanol

Ethanol

Economic gap

• Brazil is most economically successful Latin American country

• But still an economic gap between rich & poor• Causing urbanization

Interior

• Most people live near coast.• Government wants people to

move to interior.• Capital (Brasilia) created in interior

to encourage migration.

Infrastructure

• Rapid urbanization has led to infrastructure problems

• Infrastructure

Topic 3: Culture

Futbol!

• Soccer is the national sport• The only country to appear in every World

Cup

“The English invented it, the Brazilians perfected it”

Futbol!

Carnival!

• Carnival season is the time that leads to Lent• Grand parades, parties, feasting• Cumulates on “Fat Tuesday”, the day before

Lent starts

Carnival!

Carnival!

Carnival!

Major cities of Brazil

• Brasilia: political capital• Sao Paulo: economic heart• Rio de Janeiro: center of culture

Brasilia, Brazil

• Conceived in 1950’s• Attempt to move people into the

interior• Located in the Cerrados

Brasilia, Brazil

Brasilia, Brazil

Brasilia, Brazil

Brasilia, Brazil

Rio de Janeiro

• Beautiful beaches, museums and scenery• Former Capital of Brazil

Rio de Janeiro

Rio de Janeiro

Rio de Janeiro’s Rocinha favela

Sao Paulo

• The economic heart of Brazil.• Largest city in Brazil.

Sao Paulo

Sao Paulo

Sao Paulo

Sao Paulo

Topic 4: Capoeira

Capoeira

• A stylized form of martial arts• Combines fighting and dancing• Created by slaves• Uniquely Brazilian

Capoeira

• Capoeira instructors:– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCkB5M7qO9M

• Fight scenes:– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UK1oHa8ZBdY

• Full speed:– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GKhuh6bha6U

• MMA:– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e0KfQE2-ZqA

• Movie clip:– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o2VwnBU1-iU

Topic 5: Homework

HOMEWORK!• Chapter 10 Review• Page 242– Reviewing Place & Terms• 1, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 18, 20

– Main Ideas• 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10

• This is due the next time you come into class

Topic 6: Music

Music of Brazil• Samba– African rhythms and dance with Brazilian

melodies– Rapid steps on the quarter beats, swaying dancers– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Za-jol3P7Y8– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ulcXYjb4eBU

• Bossa Nova– Combination of Samba and Jazz – classic 2/4 time with seventh chords– The Girl from Ipanema– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G9U6URQSF6U

Post-test Question #1A. Treaty of Tordesillas B. Capoeira C. Cerrado

D. Samba E. Carnival

1. A Brazilian dance with African influences2. A feast day celebrated with floats that parade

through Rio de Janeiro3. The agreement that divided South America

between Spain and Portugal4. A martial art and dance developed in Brazil5. Fertile grasslands located in the western interior of

Brazil

D

E

A

B

C

Closure• Explain the major division of South America.• Explain the economic strength of Brazil.• Describe the national culture of Brazil and

Brazilian life today.• NEXT TIME: Chapter 10 Review is DUE!• NEXT TIME: Latin America map project• NEXT TIME: Review for Unit Final• NEXT TIME: BRING YOUR BOOKS!