CHRISTINA JAZEL S. LEANO

MARIA ALPHA C. LORENA

TUBERCOLOSIS

DEFINITION

-Abbreviated as TB for Tubercle Bacillus-An infection caused by slow-growing bacteria that grows best in areas of the body that have lots of blood and oxygen.

PULMONARY TUBERCOLOSIS-bacterial infection involves the lungs

EXTRAPULMONARY TB-bacterial infection that is spread to other organs

Etiologic

AgentThe causative organism is a rod-shape organism Mycobacterium tubercolosis

Mode of transmissio

n

-Breathing in air droplets from a cough or sneeze of an infected person

ACTIVE TB

-the TB bacteria are growing and causing symptoms.-if your lungs are infected with active TB, it is easy to spread the disease to others

LATENT TB

-you have the TB bacteria in your body but your body defenses(immune system) are keeping it from turning to active TB.-You don’t have any symptoms of TB and can’t spread the symptoms to others.

Anorexia(lost of appetite)

Symptoms

Hemoptysis (coughing up

Hemoptysis (coughing up blood)

Cough for 3 weeksFatigue Weight lossFever Night sweatingChest pain

Symptoms

Signs and Tests

The Doctor will perform physical exam.Clubbing of the

finger or toesSwollen or tender

lymph nodes in the neck or other areas

Fluid around a lung( pleural effusion)

Unusual breath sounds

HIV/AIDS Infection/ Diabetes

Alcoholism/smokersweaken immune

systemElderly

Risk factors for TB

Sputum testingChest X-ray

TB Diagnosis

The mantoux skin test aka Tuberculin Skin Test(TST or PPD test)

TB Diagnosis

quantiFERON-TB gold test

TB Diagnosis

Short course Chemotherapy 6 months treatment with:

-Rifampicin

- Isoniazid(INH)

-Pyrazinamide(PZA)

-Ethambutol

-Streptomycin

DOT(Direct Observed Therapy)

Treatment

Maintain respiratory isolation until patient responds to treatment or until he is no longer contagious

Administer medicines as ordered check sputum always for blood or purulent expectoration Encourage questions, conversation, to air their feelings Encourage to stop smoking Teach patient to cough or sneeze into tissue paper and

dispose secretions properly Advice patient to have plenty of rest and eat balanced

meals Be alert on signs of drug reaction If the patient is receiving ethambutol, watch for neuritis. if he recieves Rifampicin watch for Hepatitis and purpura.

Nursing Management

submit all babies for BCG immunization

Avoid overcrowdingImprove nutritional and

health statusAdvice persons who have

been exposed to infected persons to receive tuberculin test and if necessary chest x-ray and prophylactic Isoniazid

PREVENTION&

control